CN112731131A - Fault diagnosis method and device for electric direct-current isolating switch - Google Patents
Fault diagnosis method and device for electric direct-current isolating switch Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention relates to a fault diagnosis method and a fault diagnosis device for an electric direct-current isolating switch, wherein the method comprises the following steps: collecting a switching-off current value or a switching-on current value of the motor in the switching-off or switching-on operation process of the direct-current isolating switch; and carrying out fault diagnosis according to the typical current curve and the current characteristic parameters of the motor and the acquired current value. The fault diagnosis method and the fault diagnosis device can identify and diagnose the health state and the fault of the electric mechanism of the electric direct current isolating switch on line in real time, can reduce and eliminate sudden power supply faults, reduce the labor cost of maintenance and improve the working efficiency of personnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power equipment monitoring, and particularly relates to a fault diagnosis method and device for an electric direct-current isolating switch, which can perform online fault diagnosis in real time.
Background
An isolating switch is one of the most widely used electrical devices in an electric power system, is used for isolating a power supply, switching operation, connecting or disconnecting a low-current circuit, and is an important switching device in the electric power system. The isolating switch is divided into an electric operating mode and a manual operating mode, and the electric isolating switch is divided into an alternating current electric isolating switch and a direct current electric isolating switch, wherein the direct current electric isolating switch is commonly used for rail transit and has important functions of isolating a power supply, changing the system operation mode, performing switching operation and the like.
In a rail transit power supply system, in order to ensure normal operation of rail transit, electrical equipment such as a direct-current electric isolating switch needs to be frequently operated. Therefore, it is important to ensure the normal operation of the electric dc isolating switch, and the regular maintenance needs to be performed with much manpower and time.
In the prior art, the online isolating switch monitoring technology is mostly concentrated in the high-voltage alternating-current field, and the fault monitoring technology of the electric direct-current isolating switch is not researched.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem of online fault monitoring of the electric direct-current isolating switch, the embodiment of the invention provides a fault diagnosis method and a fault diagnosis device of the electric direct-current isolating switch.
The fault diagnosis method of the electric direct-current isolating switch comprises the following steps:
collecting a switching-off current value or a switching-on current value of the motor in the switching-off or switching-on operation process of the direct-current isolating switch;
and carrying out fault diagnosis according to the typical current curve and the current characteristic parameters of the motor and the acquired current value.
In one embodiment, a measured current curve of the motor is obtained according to the collected opening current value or closing current value of the motor, and a measured current parameter corresponding to the current characteristic parameter is determined;
and comparing the measured current curve and the measured current parameters of the motor with the typical current curve of the motor and the corresponding threshold values of the current characteristic parameters to diagnose the fault.
In one embodiment, the current characteristic parameters determined on a typical current curve of the motor are a current maximum point (t1, i1), a current inflection point (t2, i2), a median point (t3, i3) and a power-off point (t4, i4), wherein,
i1 is the maximum current value of the DC isolating switch in the normal switching-off or switching-on operation period, t1 is the time corresponding to the maximum current value i1,
t4 is the time when the motor is de-energized, i4 is the current value at time t4,
t3 is the median time from time t1 to time t4, i3 is the current value at time t3,
t2 is a time corresponding to an intersection point of a straight line generated from a plurality of current sampling values 20-120ms after the time t1 and a straight line i ═ i3, t1< t2< t3, and i2 is a current value at the time t 2;
the current measured parameters determined on the measured current curve of the motor are a current maximum value point (t '1, i'1), a current inflection point (t '2, i'2), a median value point (t '3, i'3) and a power-off point (t '4, i'4), wherein,
i '1 is the maximum current value of the direct current isolating switch in the normal switching-off or switching-on operation period, t '1 is the time corresponding to the maximum current value i '1,
t '4 is the time when the motor is de-energized, ' i4 is the current value at time t '4,
t '3 is the median time from t '1 to t '4, i '3 is the current value at time t '3,
t '2 is a time corresponding to an intersection point of a straight line generated from a plurality of current sample values 20 to 120ms after the time t'1 and a straight line i ═ i '3, t'1< t '2< t'3, and i '2 is a current value at the time t' 2.
In one embodiment, if the time t '1 in the measured current curve of the motor is greater than the upper limit threshold value at the time t1 in the typical current curve, or the current value i'1 in the measured current curve of the motor is lower than the lower limit threshold value of the current value i1 in the typical current curve, the internal fault of the motor caused by poor contact of the motor is determined; or,
if the time t '1 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is smaller than the lower limit threshold of the time t1 in the typical current curve, or the current value i'1 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is higher than the upper limit threshold of the current value i1 in the typical current curve, determining that the motor internal fault is caused by the turn-to-turn short circuit of the motor; or,
if the time length from the moment t '1 to the moment t'2 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is less than the lower limit threshold of the time length from the moment t1 to the moment t2 in the typical current curve, determining that a connecting rod between the motor and a direct-current disconnecting switch is loose or the motor is unloaded; or,
if the duration from the time t '1 to the time t'2 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is greater than the upper limit threshold of the duration from the time t1 to the time t2 in the typical current curve, determining that the connecting rod between the motor and the direct-current disconnecting switch is started to be jammed; or,
if the average current from time t '2 to time t'4 in the measured current curve of the motor is lower than the lower limit threshold of the average current from time t2 to time t4 in the typical current curve, the motor is judged to be unloaded or the friction plate of the motor is loosened; or,
if the average current from time t '2 to time t'4 in the measured current curve of the motor is higher than the upper limit threshold of the average current from time t2 to time t4 in the typical current curve, determining that the motor is locked or the closing of the direct-current disconnecting switch is not in place; or,
if the time t'4 in the measured current curve of the motor is smaller than the lower limit threshold of the time t4 in the typical current curve, judging that the switch-on of the direct-current disconnecting switch is not in place or the position of a connecting rod between the motor and the direct-current disconnecting switch is changed; or,
and if the time t'4 in the measured current curve of the motor is greater than the upper limit threshold of the time t4 in the typical current curve, judging that the motor is locked up or the motor transmission limiter is in fault.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: calculating a fault severity coefficient K according to the collected measured current curve which is judged to be a fault and the typical current curve,
K＝S1/S0，
wherein S0 is the integral sum of the currents from time t1 to time t4 in the typical current curve,
s1 is the integrated sum of the currents at time t1 to time t4 in the measured current curve for the fault.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and acquiring a typical current curve of the motor in the normal switching-off or switching-on operation process of the electric direct-current isolating switch, and determining a current characteristic parameter.
In one embodiment, obtaining a typical current curve of a motor during a normal opening or closing operation of the electric dc isolation switch includes:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out opening or closing operation of the electric direct-current isolating switch for multiple times, collecting a motor current value of the electric direct-current isolating switch in a normal opening or closing operation process, and establishing a typical current curve of a motor in the normal opening or closing operation process of the electric direct-current isolating switch after the opening or closing times of the electric direct-current isolating switch reach required training times through a self-learning training method.
In one embodiment, during the switching-off or switching-on operation of the direct current isolating switch, the switching-off current value or the switching-on current value of the motor is automatically acquired; and/or in the step of obtaining a typical current curve of the motor in the normal switching-off or switching-on operation process of the electric direct current isolating switch, performing switching-off or switching-on operation of the electric direct current isolating switch for multiple times, automatically collecting the current value of the motor in the normal switching-off or switching-on operation process of the electric direct current isolating switch,
the step of judging the opening operation or closing operation of the electric direct-current isolating switch comprises the following steps:
if the initial position of the direct-current disconnecting switch is an open position, recording that the collected direct current is in the positive direction when the direct-current disconnecting switch is switched on, determining that the direct-current disconnecting switch is in the open operation when the direct current in the negative direction is collected, and determining that the direct-current disconnecting switch is in the closed operation when the direct current in the positive direction is collected;
if the initial position of the direct-current disconnecting switch is in a closing position, the direct-current disconnecting switch is recorded, the collected direct current is in the positive direction when the direct-current disconnecting switch is in a switching-off operation, the direct-current disconnecting switch is determined to be in a switching-on operation when the direct current in the negative direction is collected, and the direct-current disconnecting switch is determined to be in a switching-off operation when the direct current in the positive direction is collected.
In one embodiment, a typical current curve of the motor during the opening or closing operation is obtained according to the current value of the motor during the opening or closing operation for a plurality of times.
In one embodiment, after time axis normalization processing is performed on the motor current value in the process of multiple switching-off or switching-on operations, a typical current curve of the motor is obtained by averaging.
In one embodiment, during the opening or closing operation of the direct current isolating switch, the terminal voltage value of the motor is also collected,
and if the collected machine end voltage value of the motor is higher than the machine end voltage upper limit threshold, or the collected machine end voltage value of the motor is lower than the machine end voltage lower limit threshold, or the collected machine end voltage ripple exceeds the machine end voltage ripple set threshold, determining that the power supply is in fault.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises collecting an ambient temperature of the motor, and performing temperature compensation on the collected motor current value according to the ambient temperature.
The fault diagnosis device of the electric direct current isolating switch realizes the method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the fault diagnosis method and device for the electric direct-current isolating switch, the typical current curve of the electric direct-current isolating switch with different operation parameters during normal operation of the motor is constructed, the health state and the fault of the electric direct-current isolating switch can be identified and diagnosed on line in real time, more manpower and time are not required to be invested for field detection, sudden power supply faults can be reduced and eliminated, the labor cost of maintenance is reduced, and the working efficiency of personnel is improved.
In some embodiments, a current characteristic component mean and integral identification algorithm is utilized, and the fault diagnosis accuracy is further improved.
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Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a fault diagnosis method for an electric dc isolating switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a typical current curve and a current characteristic parameter of a motor during a switching-off operation in a fault diagnosis method for an electric dc isolating switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 illustrates a method and steps for calculating a fault severity coefficient in a fault diagnosis method for an electric dc isolating switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fault diagnosis device with an electric dc isolating switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the drawings and the following examples.
The invention provides a fault diagnosis method and a fault diagnosis device for an electric direct-current isolating switch, which are used for carrying out fault analysis by detecting relevant parameters of a driving motor of the direct-current isolating switch, constructing typical current curves of opening and closing of the electric direct-current isolating switch aiming at different operating parameters by utilizing a current characteristic component mean value and an integral recognition algorithm and can identify and diagnose the health state and the fault of the direct-current isolating switch on line in real time.
The technical solution and the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for diagnosing a fault of an electric dc isolating switch according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1: and acquiring a typical current curve of the motor in the normal switching-off or switching-on operation process of the electric direct-current isolating switch, and determining a current characteristic parameter.
The typical current curve and the current characteristic parameters of the motor can be established in advance or can be established on site according to the use condition of the electric mechanism.
In order to enable the obtained typical current curve of the motor to be more accurate, in the embodiment of the invention, the opening or closing operation of the electric direct-current isolating switch is carried out for multiple times, the motor current value of the electric direct-current isolating switch in the normal opening or closing operation process is collected, the typical current curve of the motor in the normal opening or closing operation process of the electric direct-current isolating switch is established after the opening or closing times of the electric direct-current isolating switch reach the required training times through a self-learning training method, and the current characteristic parameter is determined based on the established typical current curve of the motor.
The self-learning training method is automatically completed by a machine, and a typical current curve of the motor in the normal switching-off and/or switching-on operation process of the electric direct-current isolating switch is established, but whether the direct-current isolating switch performs switching-off operation or switching-on operation needs to be judged. Specifically, if the initial position of the disconnecting link of the direct-current disconnecting switch is an open position, the collected direct current is in a positive direction when the closing operation of the direct-current disconnecting switch is recorded, when the direct current in a negative direction is collected, the direct-current disconnecting switch is determined to be the open operation, and when the direct current in the positive direction is collected, the direct-current disconnecting switch is determined to be the closing operation; if the initial position of the direct-current disconnecting switch is in a closing position, the direct-current disconnecting switch is recorded, the collected direct current is in the positive direction when the direct-current disconnecting switch is in a switching-off operation, the direct-current disconnecting switch is determined to be in a switching-on operation when the direct current in the negative direction is collected, and the direct-current disconnecting switch is determined to be in a switching-off operation when the direct current in the positive direction is collected. Wherein a hall sensor is used to collect the direct current.
Taking the normal opening operation process of the dc isolation switch as an example, as shown in fig. 2, a typical current curve and a current characteristic parameter of the motor during the opening operation process are shown. The typical current curve of the motor in the switching-off operation process is obtained by averaging the current values of the motor in the multiple switching-off operation processes, for example, the typical current curve of the motor is obtained by averaging after time axis normalization. The current characteristic parameters determined on a typical current curve of the electric machine during a switching-off operation comprise a current maximum point (t1, i1), a current inflection point (t2, i2), a median value point (t3, i3) and a power-off point (t4, i4), wherein:
i1 is the maximum current value of the normal switching-off (/ switching-on, if the switching-on operation is performed) operation period of the direct-current isolating switch, and t1 is the time corresponding to the maximum current value i 1;
t4 is the time when the motor is powered off, i4 is the current value at the time t 4;
t3 is the median time from time t1 to time t4, i3 is the current value at time t 3;
l1 is a straight line generated from a plurality of current sample values 20-120ms after the time t1, preferably, a straight line is generated by fitting a typical current curve segment 20-120ms after the time t1, L2 is a horizontal straight line i-i 3 of a point (t3, i3), and those skilled in the art know that the time t3 in a motor current curve is far greater than 120ms after t 1;
t2 is the time corresponding to the intersection of the straight line L1 and the straight line L2, t1< t2< t3, and i2 is the current value at time t 2.
For a typical current curve of the motor in the closing operation process, the line shape is similar to that in fig. 2, the collected current value of the motor in the normal closing operation is the same, and the current characteristic parameters are the same, and are not described again here.
S2: and collecting terminal voltage data and a switching-off current value or a switching-on current value of the motor in the switching-off or switching-on operation process of the direct-current isolating switch.
In order to diagnose the fault of the electric mechanism with the direct current isolating switch on line in real time, motor parameters in the electric mechanism need to be monitored in real time. In the switching-off or switching-on operation process of the direct-current isolating switch, a terminal voltage value and a switching-off current value or a switching-on current value of a motor are acquired on line, and the acquired value is a value in the complete switching-off or switching-on operation process and is used for subsequent data comparison.
In the embodiment of the invention, because the Hall sensor is adopted to monitor the opening current or the closing current of the motor, the environmental temperature of the motor is also acquired, and the temperature compensation is carried out on the current value of the motor acquired by the Hall sensor.
In this step, when the operation is completed by the machine, it is also necessary to determine the opening or closing operation of the dc disconnecting switch, which is the same as that in the previous step and is not described herein again.
S3: and carrying out fault diagnosis according to the typical current curve and current characteristic parameters of the motor and the acquired voltage data and current values of the motor.
The collected terminal voltage value of the motor is compared with the corresponding threshold value of the terminal voltage, so that the power supply can be monitored and the power supply fault can be diagnosed. Specifically, if the collected machine end voltage value of the motor is higher than the machine end voltage upper limit threshold, or the collected machine end voltage value of the motor is lower than the machine end voltage lower limit threshold, or the collected machine end voltage ripple exceeds the machine end voltage ripple set threshold, it is determined that the power supply is faulty. The machine end voltage upper limit threshold, the machine end voltage lower limit threshold and the machine end voltage ripple set threshold are determined by a person skilled in the art according to the working condition of the motor.
Acquiring an actually measured current curve of the motor according to the acquired opening current value or closing current value of the motor, determining an actually measured current parameter corresponding to the current characteristic parameter, comparing the actually measured current parameter with a typical current curve of the motor and a corresponding threshold value based on the current characteristic parameter, performing fault diagnosis, performing fault type judgment on a generated fault, and giving an early warning.
Wherein, the current actual measurement parameters in the switching-off or switching-on operation process comprise a current maximum value point (t '1, i'1), a current inflection point (t '2, i'2), a median value point (t '3, i'3) and a power-off point (t '4, i'4),
i '1 is the maximum current value of the direct current isolating switch in the normal switching-off or switching-on operation period, t '1 is the time corresponding to the maximum current value i '1,
t '4 is the time when the motor is de-energized, ' i4 is the current value at time t '4,
t '3 is the median time from t '1 to t '4, i '3 is the current value at time t '3,
t '2 is a time corresponding to an intersection point of a straight line generated from a plurality of current sample values 20 to 120ms after the time t'1 and a straight line i ═ i '3, t'1< t '2< t'3, and i '2 is a current value at the time t' 2.
The fault diagnosis processing logic of the motor switching-off and switching-on operation is consistent, and the specific fault diagnosis at least comprises one of the following steps:
if the time t '1 in the measured current curve of the motor is greater than the upper limit threshold of the time t1 in the typical current curve, or the current value i'1 in the measured current curve of the motor is lower than the lower limit threshold of the current value i1 in the typical current curve, determining that the motor is in internal fault caused by poor contact;
if the time t '1 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is smaller than the lower limit threshold of the time t1 in the typical current curve, or the current value i'1 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is higher than the upper limit threshold of the current value i1 in the typical current curve, determining that the motor internal fault is caused by the turn-to-turn short circuit of the motor;
if the time length from the moment t '1 to the moment t'2 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is less than the lower limit threshold of the time length from the moment t1 to the moment t2 in the typical current curve, the fact that the inflection point is reached is too fast is indicated, and the fact that a connecting rod between the motor and a direct-current disconnecting switch is loose or the motor is unloaded is judged;
if the duration from the time t '1 to the time t'2 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is greater than the upper limit threshold of the duration from the time t1 to the time t2 in the typical current curve, the time is delayed when the inflection point is reached, and the connection rod between the motor and the direct-current disconnecting switch is judged to be started and blocked;
if the average current from time t '2 to time t'4 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is lower than the lower limit threshold of the average current from time t2 to time t4 in the typical current curve, indicating that the load of the motor is reduced, and judging that the motor is unloaded or the friction plate of the motor is loosened;
if the average current from time t '2 to time t'4 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is higher than the upper limit threshold of the average current from time t2 to time t4 in the typical current curve, indicating that the load of the motor is increased, and judging that the motor is locked up or the switch-on of the direct-current disconnecting switch is not in place;
if the time t'4 in the measured current curve of the motor is smaller than the lower limit threshold of the time t4 in the typical current curve, judging that the switch-on of the direct-current disconnecting switch is not in place or the position of a connecting rod between the motor and the direct-current disconnecting switch is changed;
if the time t'4 in the measured current curve of the motor is larger than the upper limit threshold value of the time t4 in the typical current curve, the load is increased, and the motor stalling or the motor transmission limiter fault is judged.
The threshold used in the fault diagnosis is determined by a person skilled in the art according to the operating condition of the motor.
S4: and calculating a fault severity coefficient K according to the collected actual measurement current curve which is judged to be a fault and the typical current curve.
As shown in fig. 3, the specific steps are as follows:
s41: calculating the integral sum of the currents from the time t1 to the time t4 in the typical current curve S0;
s42: calculating the integral sum of the currents from the time t1 to the time t4 in the actually measured current curve determined as the fault S1;
s43: calculating a fault severity coefficient K which is S1/S0;
s44: and comparing the fault severity coefficient K with a fault severity coefficient threshold K0 to judge the fault severity. The fault severity coefficient threshold K0 may be determined by one skilled in the art based on the operating conditions of the motor.
The method for diagnosing the fault of the electric direct-current isolating switch further comprises a step of statistical analysis, wherein data such as switching-off or switching-on times of the direct-current isolating switch, switching-off or switching-on time of the direct-current isolating switch, current actual measurement parameters of an actual measurement current curve and the like are counted, state trend curves are respectively formed according to the current actual measurement parameters (t1, i1), (t2, i2), (t3, i3) and (t4, i4), and state trend analysis is carried out according to the state trend curves.
In the fault diagnosis method for the electric direct-current isolating switch provided by the embodiment of the invention, fault diagnosis data and fault diagnosis information are transmitted to a background monitoring system through a power system standard protocol.
As shown in fig. 4, the present invention also provides a fault diagnosis device for an electric dc isolating switch, which can implement the above diagnosis method.
The diagnosis device comprises a power supply unit, an acquisition unit, a data processing unit and an information output unit.
The power supply unit 1 supplies power to the diagnostic apparatus to further enable the components to operate normally.
The acquisition unit comprises a voltage acquisition part 2, a current acquisition part 3 and a temperature acquisition part 4. The voltage acquisition component acquires terminal voltage of a motor in the direct-current isolating switch control cabinet; the current collecting component 3 collects the switching-on current or the switching-on current in the direct current isolating switch control cabinet through the Hall sensor 12; the temperature acquisition part 4 acquires the ambient temperature in the direct-current isolation switch control cabinet through the temperature sensor 13.
The data processing unit comprises a storage component 5, a modelling component 6 and a diagnostic component 7. The modeling component 6 processes the opening current or closing current value of the motor acquired in the training modeling stage to obtain a typical current curve and current characteristic parameters of the motor in the normal opening or closing operation process; the diagnosis part 7 compares and analyzes the actually measured switching-off or switching-on current curve with the corresponding typical current curve in the real-time monitoring process, and judges the fault type; the storage component 5 is used for storing various data of the running stage of the device, including collected terminal voltage and current values of the motor, training modeling data and threshold data.
The information output unit includes: wireless transmission part 8, RS485 transmission part 9, RJ45 transmission part 10 and LED indicating part 11. The wireless transmission part 8, the RS485 transmission part 9 and the RJ45 transmission part 10 provide three communication connection modes for the diagnostic device and other background monitoring systems, and can transmit device monitoring data and fault diagnosis information to the background monitoring systems through a power system standard protocol and also can receive downlink data of the monitoring systems; the LED indication part 11 is used to indicate an apparatus operation state, a diagnosis alarm state, and the like.
The fault diagnosis device with the electric direct-current isolating switch of the embodiment of the invention uses the isolating induction type Hall sensor for collecting the motor current, thereby reducing the electrical connection between the collecting component of the device and the direct-current isolating switch circuit and reducing new uncertain factors possibly brought by the electrical connection. In addition, the diagnosis method and the diagnosis device of the invention enable the device to establish a characteristic curve and characteristic parameters when the motor and the mechanism normally operate through training instructions before real-time monitoring. After the training is finished, the device can monitor the operation process of the direct-current isolating switch mechanism in real time, and judge whether the direct-current isolating switch of the motor has the fault occurrence sign or the type of the fault occurrence according to the current curve of the motor. Monitoring data and fault diagnosis information are transmitted to a background monitoring system through an information transmission component, and early warning prompt is given to abnormal changes, so that maintenance personnel can plan and overhaul corresponding equipment in advance, sudden power supply faults are reduced and eliminated, and the detection difficulty and detection time of the maintenance personnel on the direct current isolating switch are reduced.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium, in which a computer program for executing the foregoing method is stored.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a processor, where the processor runs a computer program executing the method described above.
Those of skill in the art will understand that the logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be viewed as implementing logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.
More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via for instance optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It should be understood that portions of the present invention may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the various steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. A fault diagnosis method for an electric direct current isolating switch is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting a switching-off current value or a switching-on current value of the motor in the switching-off or switching-on operation process of the direct-current isolating switch;
and carrying out fault diagnosis according to the typical current curve and the current characteristic parameters of the motor and the acquired current value.
2. The method for diagnosing the fault of the electric direct-current isolating switch according to claim 1, wherein a measured current curve of the motor is obtained according to the collected opening current value or closing current value of the motor, and a measured current parameter corresponding to the current characteristic parameter is determined;
and comparing the measured current curve and the measured current parameters of the motor with the typical current curve of the motor and the corresponding threshold values of the current characteristic parameters to diagnose the fault.
3. The method for diagnosing a fault of an electric DC isolating switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the characteristic parameters of the current determined on the typical current curve of the motor are a current maximum point (t1, i1), a current inflection point (t2, i2), a median point (t3, i3) and a power-off point (t4, i4), wherein,
i1 is the maximum current value of the DC isolating switch in the normal switching-off or switching-on operation period, t1 is the time corresponding to the maximum current value i1,
t4 is the time when the motor is de-energized, i4 is the current value at time t4,
t3 is the median time from time t1 to time t4, i3 is the current value at time t3,
t2 is a time corresponding to an intersection point of a straight line generated from a plurality of current sampling values 20-120ms after the time t1 and a straight line i ═ i3, t1< t2< t3, and i2 is a current value at the time t 2;
the current measured parameters determined on the measured current curve of the motor are a current maximum value point (t '1, i'1), a current inflection point (t '2, i'2), a median value point (t '3, i'3) and a power-off point (t '4, i'4), wherein,
i '1 is the maximum current value of the direct current isolating switch in the normal switching-off or switching-on operation period, t '1 is the time corresponding to the maximum current value i '1,
t '4 is the time when the motor is de-energized, ' i4 is the current value at time t '4,
t '3 is the median time from t '1 to t '4, i '3 is the current value at time t '3,
t '2 is a time corresponding to an intersection point of a straight line generated from a plurality of current sample values 20 to 120ms after the time t'1 and a straight line i ═ i '3, t'1< t '2< t'3, and i '2 is a current value at the time t' 2.
4. The method for diagnosing the fault of the electric direct current isolating switch as claimed in claim 3, wherein if the time t '1 in the measured current curve of the motor is greater than the upper limit threshold value at the time t1 in the typical current curve, or the current value i'1 in the measured current curve of the motor is lower than the lower limit threshold value of the current value i1 in the typical current curve, the internal fault of the motor caused by the poor contact of the motor is determined; or,
if the time t '1 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is smaller than the lower limit threshold of the time t1 in the typical current curve, or the current value i'1 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is higher than the upper limit threshold of the current value i1 in the typical current curve, determining that the motor internal fault is caused by the turn-to-turn short circuit of the motor; or,
if the time length from the moment t '1 to the moment t'2 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is less than the lower limit threshold of the time length from the moment t1 to the moment t2 in the typical current curve, determining that a connecting rod between the motor and a direct-current disconnecting switch is loose or the motor is unloaded; or,
if the duration from the time t '1 to the time t'2 in the actually measured current curve of the motor is greater than the upper limit threshold of the duration from the time t1 to the time t2 in the typical current curve, determining that the connecting rod between the motor and the direct-current disconnecting switch is started to be jammed; or,
if the average current from time t '2 to time t'4 in the measured current curve of the motor is lower than the lower limit threshold of the average current from time t2 to time t4 in the typical current curve, the motor is judged to be unloaded or the friction plate of the motor is loosened; or,
if the average current from time t '2 to time t'4 in the measured current curve of the motor is higher than the upper limit threshold of the average current from time t2 to time t4 in the typical current curve, determining that the motor is locked or the closing of the direct-current disconnecting switch is not in place; or,
if the time t'4 in the measured current curve of the motor is smaller than the lower limit threshold of the time t4 in the typical current curve, judging that the switch-on of the direct-current disconnecting switch is not in place or the position of a connecting rod between the motor and the direct-current disconnecting switch is changed; or,
and if the time t'4 in the measured current curve of the motor is greater than the upper limit threshold of the time t4 in the typical current curve, judging that the motor is locked up or the motor transmission limiter is in fault.
5. A method of diagnosing a fault in an electrical dc isolating switch according to claim 3, characterized in that the method further comprises: calculating a fault severity coefficient K according to the collected measured current curve which is judged to be a fault and the typical current curve,
K＝S1/S0，
wherein S0 is the integral sum of the currents from time t1 to time t4 in the typical current curve,
s1 is the integrated sum of the currents at time t1 to time t4 in the measured current curve for the fault.
6. The method for diagnosing a fault in an electric dc isolating switch according to claim 1, further comprising: and acquiring a typical current curve of the motor in the normal switching-off or switching-on operation process of the electric direct-current isolating switch, and determining a current characteristic parameter.
7. The method for diagnosing the fault of the electric DC isolating switch as claimed in claim 6, wherein the step of obtaining the typical current curve of the motor during the normal opening or closing operation of the electric DC isolating switch comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out opening or closing operation of the electric direct-current isolating switch for multiple times, collecting a motor current value of the electric direct-current isolating switch in a normal opening or closing operation process, and establishing a typical current curve of a motor in the normal opening or closing operation process of the electric direct-current isolating switch after the opening or closing times of the electric direct-current isolating switch reach required training times through a self-learning training method.
8. The method for diagnosing the fault of the electric direct current isolating switch according to claim 7, wherein during the opening or closing operation of the direct current isolating switch, the opening current value or the closing current value of the motor is automatically collected; and/or in the step of obtaining a typical current curve of the motor in the normal switching-off or switching-on operation process of the electric direct current isolating switch, performing switching-off or switching-on operation of the electric direct current isolating switch for multiple times, automatically collecting the current value of the motor in the normal switching-off or switching-on operation process of the electric direct current isolating switch,
the step of judging the opening operation or closing operation of the electric direct-current isolating switch comprises the following steps:
if the initial position of the direct-current disconnecting switch is an open position, recording that the collected direct current is in the positive direction when the direct-current disconnecting switch is switched on, determining that the direct-current disconnecting switch is in the open operation when the direct current in the negative direction is collected, and determining that the direct-current disconnecting switch is in the closed operation when the direct current in the positive direction is collected;
if the initial position of the direct-current disconnecting switch is in a closing position, the direct-current disconnecting switch is recorded, the collected direct current is in the positive direction when the direct-current disconnecting switch is in a switching-off operation, the direct-current disconnecting switch is determined to be in a switching-on operation when the direct current in the reverse direction is collected, and the direct-current disconnecting switch is determined to be in the switching-off operation when the direct current in the positive direction is collected.
9. The method for diagnosing a fault of an electric dc isolating switch as recited in claim 7, wherein a typical current profile of the motor during the opening or closing operation is obtained according to a motor current value during a plurality of opening or closing operations.
10. The method for diagnosing the fault of the electric direct-current isolating switch according to claim 9, wherein a typical current curve of the motor is obtained by averaging the values of the current of the motor during a plurality of switching-off or switching-on operations after time-axis normalization processing.
11. The method for diagnosing faults of an electric DC isolating switch as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, during the opening or closing operation of the DC isolating switch, the terminal voltage value of the motor is also collected,
and if the collected machine end voltage value of the motor is higher than the machine end voltage upper limit threshold, or the collected machine end voltage value of the motor is lower than the machine end voltage lower limit threshold, or the collected machine end voltage ripple exceeds the machine end voltage ripple set threshold, determining that the power supply is in fault.
12. The method for diagnosing a fault of an electric dc isolating switch according to claim 1, further comprising collecting an ambient temperature of the motor, and performing temperature compensation on the collected motor current value according to the ambient temperature.
13. A fault diagnosis device for an electric dc disconnector, characterized in that a method according to one of claims 1-12 is implemented.
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