CN110003428A - 一种热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板,包括下列重量份数比的原料制备而成:100~600份的二异氰酸酯、100~600份的多异氰酸酯单体、10~990份的含活性氢的聚醚多元醇、10~990份的聚酯多元醇、10~200份的含活性氢的端羟基聚合物、10~200份的多元醇和10~400份的多元胺。本发明还公布了热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板的制备方法,通过上述方案,本发明通过优化材料强度和弹性,以延长了垫板的使用寿命,达到了节省维修成本、创造社会价值目的,在轨道交通领域具有很高的实用价值和推广价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及轨道交通用轨下垫板材料技术领域,尤其是一种热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板及其制备方法。
背景技术
轨道交通的科技创新现阶段成为我国重点发展方向之一,在当下阶段,轨道交通的提速、货运线路的提量、客运的提高安全性成为着重考虑的三个要点,为了达到上述三个目的,需要对轨道部件的基础设施进行优化。轨下垫板是扣件系统部件之一,在提供弹性支撑的同时,也保证足够的支撑强度。目前,国内轨道交通市场上最常见的是轨下橡胶垫板,这种垫板从材料本身来说存在一些缺陷:如老化快、易压溃、寿命周期短,给工务系统维护工作增加了难度。
因此,急需要提出一种热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板,以解决轨下橡胶垫板存在的问题,减小维护工作量同时提高长时间的使用寿命。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板及其制备方法,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板,包括下列重量份数比的原料制备而成:
二异氰酸酯:100~600份;
多异氰酸酯单体:100~600份;
含活性氢的聚醚多元醇:10~990份;
聚酯多元醇:10~990份;
含活性氢的端羟基聚合物:10~200份;
多元醇:10~200份;
多元胺:10~400份。
一种热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤S11,将10~990份的聚醚多元醇和100~600份的多异氰酸酯单体均匀混合,常温下,反应30至60分钟。
步骤S12,向步骤S11中加入10~990份的聚酯多元醇,得到预聚物或半预聚物A。
步骤S13,向步骤S12中的预聚物或半预聚物A依次加入10~200份的含活性氢的端羟基聚合物、10~200份的多元醇、10~400份的多元胺,在70~110℃反应80至120分钟,得到固含量100%的双组分的改性聚醚脂弹性体的材料,在磨具内固化得到热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明巧妙地设有聚酯多元醇,其聚酯型聚氨酯因分子内含有较多的酯基、氨基等极性基团,其内聚强度和附着力强,且具有较高的强度、耐磨性;另外,本发明的多异氰酸酯单体可常温固化,也可加热固化,易于产生交联结构,耐热、耐溶剂性能好;与此同时,本发明中的二异氰酸酯具有不黄变和良好的应用性能,可有效地延长垫块的使用寿命。通过上述方案,本发明在保证垫块的强度和弹性的同时,也能延长使用寿命,在轨道交通用轨下垫板材料技术领域具有很高的实用价值和推广价值。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需使用的附图作简单介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对保护范围的限定,对于本领域技术人员来说,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本发明的制备流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更为清楚,下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明,本发明的实施方式包括但不限于下列实施例。基于本申请中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本申请保护的范围。
实施例1
如图1所示,本实施例提供了一种热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板及其制备方法,其中,该垫板的组分如下:10份聚醚多元醇,990份聚酯多元醇,100份二异氰酸酯,500份多异氰酸酯单体,200份多元醇,10份多元胺,20份端羟基聚合物。
首先,将10份的聚醚多元醇和500份的多异氰酸酯单体均匀混合,常温下,反应30至60分钟。
然后,加入990份的聚酯多元醇,得到预聚物或半预聚物A。
最后,向所得的预聚物或半预聚物A依次加入20份的含活性氢的端羟基聚合物、200份的多元醇、10份的多元胺,在70反应120分钟,得到固含量100%的双组分的改性聚醚脂弹性体的材料,固化得到产品1。
实施例2
如图1所示,本实施例提供了一种热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板及其制备方法,其中,该垫板的组分如下:990份聚醚多元醇,10份聚酯多元醇,400份二异氰酸酯,200份多异氰酸酯单体,10份多元醇,400份多元胺,15份端羟基聚合物。
首先,将990份的聚醚多元醇和200份的多异氰酸酯单体均匀混合,常温下,反应30至60分钟。
然后,加入10份的聚酯多元醇,得到预聚物或半预聚物A。
最后,向所得的预聚物或半预聚物A依次加入15份的含活性氢的端羟基聚合物、10份的多元醇、400份的多元胺,在110℃反应80分钟,得到固含量100%的双组分的改性聚醚脂弹性体的材料,固化得到产品2。
实施例3
如图1所示,本实施例提供了一种热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板及其制备方法,其中,该垫板的组分如下:700份聚醚多元醇,300份聚酯多元醇,250份多异氰酸酯,350份二异氰酸酯,100份多元醇,150份多元胺,10份端羟基聚合物。
首先,将700份的聚醚多元醇和250份的多异氰酸酯单体均匀混合,常温下,反应30至60分钟。
然后,加入300份的聚酯多元醇,得到预聚物或半预聚物A。
最后,向所得的预聚物或半预聚物A依次加入10份的含活性氢的端羟基聚合物、100份的多元醇、150份的多元胺,在110℃反应80分钟,得到固含量100%的双组分的改性聚醚脂弹性体的材料,固化得到产品3。
实施例4
如图1所示,本实施例提供了一种热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板及其制备方法,其中,该垫板的组分如下:500份聚醚多元醇,500份聚酯多元醇,300份多异氰酸酯,300份二异氰酸酯,100份多元醇,150份多元胺,25份端羟基聚合物。
首先,将500份的聚醚多元醇和300份的多异氰酸酯单体均匀混合,常温下,反应30至60分钟。
然后,加入300份的聚酯多元醇,得到预聚物或半预聚物A。
最后,向所得的预聚物或半预聚物A依次加入25份的含活性氢的端羟基聚合物、100份的多元醇、150份的多元胺,在80℃反应80分钟,得到固含量100%的双组分的改性聚醚脂弹性体的材料,固化得到产品4。
实施例5
如图1所示,本实施例提供了一种热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板及其制备方法,其中,该垫板的组分如下:400份聚醚多元醇,600份聚酯多元醇,100份多异氰酸酯,500份二异氰酸酯,50份多元醇,200份多元胺,20份端羟基聚合物。
首先,将400份的聚醚多元醇和100份的多异氰酸酯单体均匀混合,常温下,反应30至60分钟。
然后,加入600份的聚酯多元醇,得到预聚物或半预聚物A。
最后,向所得的预聚物或半预聚物A依次加入20份的含活性氢的端羟基聚合物、50份的多元醇、200份的多元胺,在100℃反应100分钟,,得到固含量100%的双组分的改性聚醚脂弹性体的材料,固化得到产品5。
为了验证上述5件热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板的静刚度特性,申请人特进行以下试验:本设备采用200kN或300kN万能试验机其精度为500N示值允许偏差不大于1%试验装置。其中,加载短轨宽度要比试样基本尺寸的宽度大1mm长度与试样长度一致底板宽度与轨底长度相同为170mm轨底上表面两侧须刨平在与百分表探头相接触处加贴玻璃片两百分表支承在试验机底座上两百分表的探头对称地布置在短轨两侧的对角上。
试验环境温度为20±5℃,试验过程如下:
将准备好的试样放在底板上,予加静载140kN,卸载,停留10s,再一次加载140kN,卸载,而后正式进行试验。
正式试验开始时,将两百分表调整指零,而后以每秒钟2~3kN的速度均匀加载,当载荷加至20kN和80kN时各停留1min,并分别记录垫板的压缩量△Ai和△Bi值,(△Ai和△Bi均为两百分表读数之平均值)如此反复试验3次,将3次测得的△Ai和△Bi值计算之平均值即为在20kN和80kN时垫板的平均压缩量△A和△B。经反复试验,其测试数据如下:
由此可见,本发明所制备的热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板具有良好的拉伸强度,且其制备方法较为简便,与现有技术相比,具体突出的实质性特点和显著的进步,在轨道交通用轨下垫板材料技术领域具有广阔的市场前景。
上述实施例仅为本发明的优选实施例,并非对本发明保护范围的限制,但凡采用本发明的设计原理,以及在此基础上进行非创造性劳动而作出的变化,均应属于本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (2)
1.一种热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板,其特征在于,包括下列重量份数比的原料制备而成:
二异氰酸酯:100~600份;
多异氰酸酯单体:100~600份;
含活性氢的聚醚多元醇:10~990份;
聚酯多元醇:10~990份;
含活性氢的端羟基聚合物:10~200份;
多元醇:10~200份;
多元胺:10~400份。
2.一种根据权利要求1所述的热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤S11,将10~990份的聚醚多元醇和100~600份的多异氰酸酯单体均匀混合,常温下,反应30至60分钟;
步骤S12,向步骤S11中加入10~990份的聚酯多元醇,得到预聚物或半预聚物A;
步骤S13,向步骤S12中的预聚物或半预聚物A依次加入10~200份的含活性氢的端羟基聚合物、10~200份的多元醇、10~400份的多元胺,在70~110℃反应80至120分钟,得到固含量100%的双组分的改性聚醚脂弹性体的材料,在磨具内固化得到热固性交链式弹性体轨下垫板。
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