CN109997766A - A kind of upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device and its application method - Google Patents

A kind of upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device and its application method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109997766A
CN109997766A CN201910314806.0A CN201910314806A CN109997766A CN 109997766 A CN109997766 A CN 109997766A CN 201910314806 A CN201910314806 A CN 201910314806A CN 109997766 A CN109997766 A CN 109997766A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
water
sand
layer
seed
pipe
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Pending
Application number
CN201910314806.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
邱兆星
逄劭楠
宋娴丽
兰锡禄
李莉
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Shandong Marine Biology Institute
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Shandong Marine Biology Institute
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Priority to CN201910314806.0A priority Critical patent/CN109997766A/en
Publication of CN109997766A publication Critical patent/CN109997766A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/045Filters for aquaria
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01KANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/047Liquid pumps for aquaria

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing devices, including seed cultivation pool, water inlet pipe I, drainpipe, water main and more branching pipes, the water main to be layed in the bottom of seed cultivation pool;The endcapped of the water main, front end are connected with water inlet pipe I, and the branching pipe is located at the left and right sides of water main, the endcapped of every branching pipe, and front end is connected with water main, offer apopore on the branching pipe;The bottom of pond of the seed cultivation pool is equipped with sand stone layer, and the sand stone layer has been sequentially arranged above coarse sands layer, fine sand layer and silty sand ground;The middle position of the bottom of pond offers drainage hole, and the bottom end of the drainpipe is connected to drainage hole, and the top of the drainpipe is exposed outside from silty sand ground.The present invention uses upper up-flow casting bed device in seed rearing, can preferably improve bottom environment, increases spatfall density, cultivates density up to conventional ten times to more than ten times, seed all can normal development.

Description

A kind of upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device and its application method
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a kind of upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device and its Application method.
Background technique
China possesses huge marine shellfish aquaculture industry, and shellfish culture is important a member of sea-farming industry, produces The 80% of the China Liang Zhan sea-farming total output.Common the bivalve shellfish such as delicious flavours such as clam, oyster and scallop, nutrition is rich Richness has important economic value.As artificial culture technology continues to develop, efficient industrial seedling rearing mode is by more Attention, shellfish aquaculture become mariculture industry pith.During bivalve shellfish industrial seedling rearing, in juvenile mollusk Between cultivate be a key technology.Studies have shown that long 300-1000 μm of shell of juvenile mollusk field cultivating survival rate be lower than 10%, and The juvenile mollusk of the long 3mm of shell may be up to 85% or more in field cultivating survival rate.Therefore, juvenile mollusk how is improved after metamorphosis to growing to The survival rate and growth rate in 3mm stage are of great significance to the intermediate rearing of juvenile mollusk.
The mode that traditional artificial breeding mostly uses greatly bottom of pond to educate without sand culture, juvenile mollusk accumulate in bottom of pond, this cultivation side Formula has the shortcomings that slow growth, the death rate are high, bait utilization is low etc..With the development of technology in recent years, rises streaming system and open Begin the intermediate rearing for being used for juvenile mollusk, flows through juvenile mollusk using vertical water flow from bottom to top, provides to juvenile mollusk endlessly new Fresh seawater and bait substantially increase the survival rate and growth rate of juvenile mollusk, meanwhile, upper up-flow has easy to maintain, effective use The advantages that breeding spaces, long service life and save the cost.
109169442 A of utility model patent CN discloses a kind of closing for bivalve shellfish seed intermediate rearing and fills Gas formula upper up-flow breeding apparatus, including pipe, negative tube, filter screen, air charging system, outlet pipe are cultivated, the cultivation pipe is entire The outermost layer of device, the bottom end for cultivating pipe are provided with one layer of filter screen, and the upper end side wall for cultivating pipe is provided with apopore, negative tube Be placed in cultivate pipe in, the bottom end of negative tube is provided with one layer of filter screen, and one end of outlet pipe is connected to negative tube, outlet pipe it is another One end is placed at the apopore for cultivating pipe, and air charging system is placed on the filter screen in negative tube.Utilize the breeding method of the device Hydroelectric resources is greatly saved, juvenile mollusk growth rate improves 20%-50% than conventional method, survival rate is up to 90% or more, saves Seawater and bait are up to 70% or more.But the device of the patent be it is enclosed, be not suitable for that seed is extensive, connects in batches The improvement of water quality in continuous cultivating process.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention is by providing a kind of upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device, with solution The technical issues of certainly seed is extensive, water quality is easily destroyed in continuous cultivating process in batches.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device, including seed cultivation pool, water inlet pipe I, drainpipe, water main with And more branching pipes, the water main are layed in the bottom of seed cultivation pool;The endcapped of the water main, front end and water inlet Pipe I is connected, and the branching pipe is located at the left and right sides of water main, the endcapped of every branching pipe, front end and water main phase It is connected to, offers apopore on the branching pipe;The bottom of pond of the seed cultivation pool is equipped with sand stone layer, the sand stone layer it is upper Side is disposed with coarse sands layer, fine sand layer and silty sand ground;The middle position of the bottom of pond offers drainage hole, the drainpipe Bottom end is connected to drainage hole, and the top of the drainpipe is exposed outside from silty sand ground.
Preferably, the water inlet pipe I is equipped with water regulating valve I.
Preferably, the seed rearing device further includes the water inlet pipe II for seed cultivation pool make-up water source, the water inlet Pipe II is equipped with water regulating valve II.
Preferably, the water main, branching pipe, drainpipe are hard PVC pipe fitting;The size of the water main is Φ 50- 63mm;The size of the branching pipe is Φ 20-25mm;Spacing between the adjacent branching pipe of the same side is 80cm.
Preferably, an apopore is opened up every 20-30cm on the branching pipe, the apopore is provided with the side of branching pipe It top and is symmetrical set, is in 120 ° of angles between adjacent apopore;The size of the apopore be Φ 2.0mm, it is all go out The gross area in water hole is 2 times of the cross-sectional area of water main.
Preferably, the size of the drainpipe is Φ 150-200mm, and the top of the drainpipe is higher than silty sand ground upper surface 30cm。
Preferably, the sand stone layer, coarse sands layer, fine sand layer, silty sand ground partial size be sequentially reduced;The thickness of the sand stone layer For 8-10cm, partial size 8-15mm;The coarse sands layer with a thickness of 6-8cm, partial size 2-4mm;The fine sand layer with a thickness of 6-8cm, partial size 1-2mm;The silty sand ground with a thickness of 6~10cm, partial size 0.2-0.5mm.
Preferably, sieve I is equipped between the sand stone layer and coarse sands layer, the mesh size of the sieve I is 20 mesh, described Sieve I is two layers;Sieve II is equipped between the coarse sands layer and fine sand layer, the mesh size of the sieve II is 30-40 mesh;Institute It states and is equipped with sieve III between fine sand layer and silty sand ground, the mesh size of the sieve III is 60~80 mesh.
Further, the present invention also provides the application methods of the upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device, including Following steps:
(1) the water regulating valve I on water inlet pipe I is opened, water flow flows through each branching pipe along water main, is then distributed from everywhere Apopore enter bottom of pond, with the rising of water level, water body is successively through sand stone layer, coarse sands layer, fine sand layer, silty sand ground successively mistake Filter;
(2) water body covers the upper surface of silty sand ground by the filtering of step (1), the juvenile mollusk benefit being attached on silty sand ground With;
(3) excreta generated after a large amount of juvenile mollusk filter food is deposited on the surface of silty sand ground, and with the rising of water level And float on water layer surface, water body covers the top of drainpipe, and the excreta of water surface enters drainpipe through pond with water flow The drainage hole at bottom is discharged.
(4) it when the seed in seed cultivation pool reaches specification, that is, can be taken off for producing.
Preferably, in step (3), when the water shortage in seed cultivation pool, the runoff investigation on water inlet pipe II is opened Valve II, directly fills the water into seed cultivation pool.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention:
The present invention uses upper up-flow casting bed device in seed rearing, can preferably improve bottom environment, keep spatfall close Degree increases, and cultivates density up to conventional ten times to more than ten times, seed all can normal development.By using the device of the invention and Method can increase daily ration, feeding quantity and quantity of exchanged water, to improve the survival rate and growth speed of seed, keep the long speed of growth of spatfall shell bright It is aobvious to be higher than normal bottom spatfall about 50%.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device of the invention;
Fig. 2 is water pipe layout diagram;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of branching pipe;
Fig. 4 is the cross section enlarged diagram of branching pipe;
Appended drawing reference: 1, seed cultivation pool;2, water inlet pipe I;3, water regulating valve I;4, water inlet pipe II;5, water regulating valve II;6, drainpipe;7, drainage hole;8, water main;9, branching pipe;10, apopore;11, sand stone layer;12, coarse sands layer;13, fine sand Layer;14, silty sand ground;15, sieve I;16, sieve II;17, sieve III.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1-3, a kind of upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device, including seed cultivation pool 1, water inlet pipe I 2, Water inlet pipe II 4, drainpipe 6, water main 8 and more branching pipes 9, the water inlet pipe I 2 are equipped with water regulating valve I 3, institute Water inlet pipe II 4 is stated equipped with water regulating valve II 5.The water main 8 is layed in the bottom of seed cultivation pool 1, the main water The endcapped of pipe 8, front end are connected with water inlet pipe I 2, and the branching pipe 9 is located at the left and right sides of water main 8, every Zhi Shui The endcapped of pipe 9, front end are connected with water main 8, offer apopore 10 on the branching pipe 9.The water main 8, branch Water pipe 9, drainpipe 6 are hard PVC pipe fitting, and the size of the water main 8 is Φ 50-63mm, and the size of the branching pipe 9 is Φ 20-25mm, the spacing between the adjacent branching pipe 9 of the same side are 80cm.It is opened up on the branching pipe 9 every 20-30cm One apopore 10, the apopore 10 are provided with the upper side of branching pipe 9 and are symmetrical set, and are between adjacent apopore 10 120 ° of angles;The size of the apopore 10 is Φ 2.0mm, and the gross area of all apopores 10 is the cross section face of water main 8 Long-pending 2 times.
The bottom of pond of the seed cultivation pool 1 is equipped with sand stone layer 11, and the sand stone layer 11 has been sequentially arranged above coarse sand Layer 12, fine sand layer 13 and silty sand ground 14.The sand stone layer 11, coarse sands layer 12, fine sand layer 13, silty sand ground 14 partial size successively subtract It is small;The sand stone layer 11 with a thickness of 8-10cm, partial size 8-15mm;;The coarse sands layer 12 with a thickness of for 6-8cm, partial size For 2-4mm;The fine sand layer 13 with a thickness of 6-8cm, partial size 1-2mm;The silty sand ground 14 with a thickness of 6~10cm, grain Diameter is 0.2-0.5mm.Sieve I 15 is equipped between the sand stone layer 11 and coarse sands layer 12, the mesh size of the sieve I 15 is 20 mesh, the sieve I 15 are two layers;Sieve II 16, the sieve II 16 are equipped between the coarse sands layer 12 and fine sand layer 13 Mesh size be 30-40 mesh;;Sieve III 17, the sieve III 17 are equipped between the fine sand layer 13 and silty sand ground 14 Mesh size be 60~80 mesh.The middle position of the bottom of pond offers drainage hole 7, and the bottom end of the drainpipe 6 is inserted in row It is connected at water hole 7 and with drainage hole 7, the top of the drainpipe 6 is exposed outside from silty sand ground 14.The size of the drainpipe 6 is Φ 150-200mm, height is according to requirement is cultivated, and under normal circumstances, the top of the drainpipe 6 is higher than 14 upper surface of silty sand ground 30cm。
The application method of the upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device, comprising the following steps:
(1) the water regulating valve I on water inlet pipe I 2 is opened, water flow flows through each branching pipe 9 along water main 8, then from everywhere The apopore 10 of distribution enters bottom of pond, and with the rising of water level, water body is successively through sand stone layer 11, coarse sands layer 12, fine sand layer 13, powder Layer of sand 14 successively filters;
(2) water body covers the upper surface of silty sand ground 14, the juvenile mollusk being attached on silty sand ground 14 by the filtering of step (1) It utilizes;
(3) excreta generated after a large amount of juvenile mollusk filter food is deposited on the surface of silty sand ground 14, and upper with water level It rises and floats on water layer surface, water body covers the top of drainpipe 6, and the excreta on water layer surface enters drainpipe 6 with water flow Drainage hole 7 through bottom of pond is discharged, and reaches substrate and purification of water quality purpose.When the water shortage in seed cultivation pool 1, open into Water regulating valve II 5 on water pipe II 4, directly fills the water into seed cultivation pool 1, improves and adds water efficiency.
(4) it according to production requirement, when the seed in seed cultivation pool 1 reaches specification, that is, can be taken off for producing.
Using above-mentioned seed rearing device, increases daily ration, feeding quantity and quantity of exchanged water, can be improved the survival rate and growth of seed Speed finds that the long speed of growth of spatfall shell is apparently higher than normal bottom spatfall about 50% by practical application.
Although above having used general explanation and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, at this On the basis of invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, These modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention are fallen within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device, it is characterised in that: including seed cultivation pool, water inlet pipe I, draining Pipe, water main and more branching pipes, the water main are layed in the bottom of seed cultivation pool;The end of the water main is sealed It closes, front end is connected with water inlet pipe I, and the branching pipe is located at the left and right sides of water main, and the endcapped of every branching pipe is preceding End is connected with water main, offers apopore on the branching pipe;The bottom of pond of the seed cultivation pool is equipped with sand stone layer, institute That states sand stone layer has been sequentially arranged above coarse sands layer, fine sand layer and silty sand ground;The middle position of the bottom of pond offers drainage hole, The bottom end of the drainpipe is connected to drainage hole, and the top of the drainpipe is exposed outside from silty sand ground.
2. upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: on the water inlet pipe I Equipped with water regulating valve I.
3. upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the seed rearing dress Set further includes being equipped with water regulating valve II for the water inlet pipe II, the water inlet pipe II of seed cultivation pool make-up water source.
4. upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the water main, branch Water pipe, drainpipe are hard PVC pipe fitting;The size of the water main is Φ 50-63mm;The size of the branching pipe is Φ 20- 25mm;Spacing between the adjacent branching pipe of the same side is 80cm.
5. upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: every on the branching pipe An apopore is opened up every 20-30cm, the apopore is provided with the upper side of branching pipe and is symmetrical set, adjacent apopore Between be in 120 ° of angles;The size of the apopore is Φ 2.0mm, and the gross area of all apopores is the cross section face of water main Long-pending 2 times.
6. upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the ruler of the drainpipe Very little is Φ 150-200mm, and the top of the drainpipe is higher than silty sand ground upper surface 30cm.
7. upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the sand stone layer, thick Layer of sand, fine sand layer, silty sand ground partial size be sequentially reduced;The sand stone layer with a thickness of 8-10cm, partial size 8-15mm;It is described thick Layer of sand with a thickness of 6-8cm, partial size 2-4mm;The fine sand layer with a thickness of 6-8cm, partial size 1-2mm;The silty sand ground With a thickness of 6~10cm, partial size 0.2-0.5mm.
8. described in any item upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing devices according to claim 1~7, it is characterised in that: described Sieve I is equipped between sand stone layer and coarse sands layer, the mesh size of the sieve I is 20 mesh, and the sieve I is two layers;It is described thick Sieve II is equipped between layer of sand and fine sand layer, the mesh size of the sieve II is 30-40 mesh;The fine sand layer and silty sand ground it Between be equipped with sieve III, the mesh size of the sieve III is 60~80 mesh.
9. the application method of upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that including Following steps:
(1) the water regulating valve I on water inlet pipe I is opened, water flow flows through each branching pipe along water main, then goes out from what is be distributed everywhere Water hole enters bottom of pond, and with the rising of water level, water body is successively successively filtered through sand stone layer, coarse sands layer, fine sand layer, silty sand ground;
(2) water body covers the upper surface of silty sand ground by the filtering of step (1), and the juvenile mollusk being attached on silty sand ground utilizes;
(3) excreta generated after a large amount of juvenile mollusk filter food is deposited on the surface of silty sand ground, and floats with the rising of water level Float on water layer surface, water body covers the top of drainpipe, and the excreta of water surface enters drainpipe through bottom of pond with water flow Drainage hole discharge.
(4) it when the seed in seed cultivation pool reaches specification, that is, can be taken off for producing.
10. the application method of upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: step Suddenly in (3), when the water shortage in seed cultivation pool, the water regulating valve II on water inlet pipe II is opened, is directly trained to seed It educates in pond and fills the water.
CN201910314806.0A 2019-04-18 2019-04-18 A kind of upper up-flow sand bed shellfish seed rearing device and its application method Pending CN109997766A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112106718A (en) * 2020-09-02 2020-12-22 宁波大学 Ecological experimental pond of breeding

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