CN109995084B - Cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant combined optimization scheduling method and system - Google Patents
Cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant combined optimization scheduling method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant combined optimization scheduling method and system. The method comprises the steps of constructing an output model of a thermal power plant thermal power unit in a water-power-electric combined system; constructing a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model according to the output model of the thermal power unit of the thermal power plant, the output of the hydroelectric power unit of the cascade hydropower station and the output of the wind generating set; solving the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model by adopting a Benders decomposition algorithm to obtain an optimal solution corresponding to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the optimal solution comprises the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating unit; and determining the total energy consumption corresponding to the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating unit as the optimal total energy consumption of the water, fire and electricity combined system. The invention can improve the power generation capacity of clean energy, and achieve the purposes of saving the consumption of the traditional fossil energy and reducing the emission of atmospheric pollutants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy optimization scheduling, in particular to a cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant combined optimization scheduling method and system.
Background
In recent years, environmental problems caused by a large amount of fossil fuels are increasingly prominent, people pay attention to the development and use of clean energy, and new energy technology is continuously developed and gradually matures. The great development and utilization of clean energy sources such as water energy, wind energy, solar energy and the like for power generation are widely concerned.
Hydropower is the most main clean energy in China, and in recent years, the development mode of independent hydropower stations is gradually changed into a new mode of basin step hydropower station groups. Meanwhile, among various renewable energy power generation technologies, wind power generation is the most mature power generation technology with the highest cost performance. But due to the inherent intermittency and randomness of wind power, large-scale grid connection of the wind power has a large influence on the system.
In summary, a united system scheduling method capable of improving the power generation capacity of clean energy and saving the consumption of traditional fossil energy is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a cascaded hydropower station-thermal power plant combined optimization scheduling method and system to improve the power generation capacity of clean energy, and achieve the purposes of saving the consumption of traditional fossil energy and reducing the emission of atmospheric pollutants.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant joint optimization scheduling method comprises the following steps:
constructing an output model of a thermal power plant thermal power generating unit in a water, fire and electricity combined system;
constructing a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model according to the output model of the thermal power unit of the thermal power plant, the output of the hydroelectric power unit of the cascade hydropower station and the output of the wind generating set;
solving the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model by adopting a decomposition optimization algorithm to obtain an optimal solution corresponding to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the optimal solution comprises the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating unit;
and determining the optimal total energy consumption of the water, fire and electricity combined system according to the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the total energy consumption corresponding to the optimal output of the hydroelectric power generating unit.
Optionally, the output model of the thermal power unit of the thermal power plant specifically includes:
wherein N isTIndicating the number of thermal power generating units, Pn,tIndicating that the nth thermal power generating unit is at the time tA force of (P)LtRepresenting the total load, Δ P, of the grid with only thermal power unitstThe total loss of the power grid is the total loss of the thermal power generating unit.
Optionally, the constructing a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model according to the output model of the thermal power unit of the thermal power plant, the output of the hydroelectric power unit of the cascade hydropower station, and the output of the wind power generator unit specifically includes:
target function for establishing hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model
minFa＝FH+FT+FW
Wherein,
wherein, FaRepresenting the total energy consumption of the water-fire-electricity combined system, FHRepresenting the energy consumption of a hydroelectric generating set, FTRepresenting the energy consumption of a thermal power unit, FWRepresenting the energy consumption of the wind generating set, T is the scheduling time, NHNumber of hydroelectric generating sets, NWNumber of fans, qk,tFor the output of the kth hydroelectric generating set at time t, Pn,tFor the output of the nth thermal power generating unit at time t, pw,tThe output of the w-th fan at the time t, htThe number of hours in a time period t is, a, b and c are a quadratic term coefficient, a primary term coefficient and a constant term of a water consumption function of the thermal power generating unit respectively, mu is the coal consumption rate of a hydraulic power plant in unit time, and lambda is the energy consumption coefficient of wind power generation;
establishing a constraint condition of a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the constraint conditions of the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model comprise power balance constraint conditions, hydroelectric generating set constraint conditions and thermal power generating set constraint conditions; the constraint conditions of the hydroelectric generating set comprise a hydroelectric generating set output constraint condition, a hydroelectric generating set output limit constraint condition and a water quantity balance constraint condition; the thermal power unit constraint conditions comprise thermal power unit output limit constraint conditions, conventional unit climbing limit constraint conditions and power grid branch flow constraint conditions;
the power balance constraint condition is
Wherein, PDtThe total load of the hydropower station-thermal power plant combined system is shown;
the output constraint condition of the hydroelectric generating set is
Wherein, Vk,tWater storage capacity, Q, of the kth hydroelectric generating set at time tk,tWater yield of hydroelectric generating set, c1k,c2kSecondary term coefficients of water storage capacity and water output capacity in the power constraint of the hydroelectric generating set, c3kA first order coefficient which is the product of the water storage capacity and the water yield, c4k,c5kFirst order coefficients of water storage capacity and water output capacity in the power constraint of the hydroelectric generating set respectively, c6kIs a constant term parameter;
the output limit constraint condition of the hydroelectric generating set is
Wherein,
is the minimum output of the kth hydroelectric generating set,
the maximum output of the kth hydroelectric generating set;
the water quantity balance constraint condition is
Wherein, Vk,t-1Water storage capacity of kth hydroelectric generating set at t-1 moment, Ik,tIs the water inflow of the kth hydroelectric generating set at the moment t, Qk,tWater yield of kth hydroelectric generating set at time t, Sk,tThe water overflow amount of the kth hydroelectric generating set at the time t,
representing the amount of water remaining due to the time delay; rukRepresenting the total number of upstream units of the kth hydroelectric generating set; tau ismkRepresenting a time delay of water delivery from the mth hydro-power unit to the kth hydro-power unit in the upstream unit;
representing the water yield of the mth hydroelectric generating set in the upstream generating set due to time delay;
indicating the overflow amount of the mth hydroelectric generating set in the upstream generating set due to time delay; Δ t represents the time interval between time t-1 and time t;
the output limit constraint condition of the thermal power generating unit is
Wherein,
represents the minimum output of the nth thermal power generating unit,
representing the minimum output and the maximum output of the nth thermal power generating unit;
the conventional unit climbing restriction condition is
pdown,n≤pn,t≤pup,n，
Wherein p isdown,nRepresenting the maximum turndown active quantity, p, of the nth thermal power generating unitup,nRepresenting the maximum up-regulation active power quantity of the nth thermal power generating unit;
the power grid branch flow constraint condition is
Wherein,
representing the minimum power flow of the mth line in the grid,
representing the maximum power flow of the mth line in the grid,
representing the power flow of the mth line in the power grid at time t.
Optionally, the solving is performed on the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model by using a Benders decomposition algorithm to obtain an optimal solution corresponding to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model, and the method specifically includes:
step 31: respectively establishing a lower-layer hydroelectric generating set model and an upper-layer thermal generating set model according to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model;
step 32: solving the lower layer hydroelectric generating set model to obtain the output q of the hydroelectric generating set of the nth iterationvAnd an upper limit value of the energy consumption of the hydroelectric generating set
Step 33: acquiring output p of thermal power generating unit of v-1 iterationv-1And the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit
Step 34: determining an upper boundary value of the energy consumption of the hydroelectric generating set of the v-th iteration
And the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit of the v-1 th iteration
Whether a preset convergence condition is met; if so, the output q of the hydroelectric generating set of the v-th iteration is calculatedvAs the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating set, the output p of the thermal power generating set of the v-1 th iteration is usedv-1If not, executing step 35; the preset convergence condition is
Step 35: solving the upper-layer thermal power generating unit model to obtain the output p of the thermal power generating unit of the nth iterationvAnd the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit
And let v be v +1 and then return to the step 32.
The invention also provides a cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant combined optimization scheduling system, which comprises:
the first model building module is used for building an output model of a thermal power plant thermal power generating unit in the water, fire and electricity combined system;
the second model building module is used for building a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model according to the output model of the thermal power unit of the thermal power plant, the output of the hydroelectric power unit of the cascade hydropower station and the output of the wind power generator unit;
the solving module is used for solving the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model by adopting a Benders decomposition algorithm to obtain an optimal solution corresponding to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the optimal solution comprises the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating unit;
and the energy consumption determining module is used for determining the optimal total energy consumption of the water, fire and electricity combined system according to the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the total energy consumption corresponding to the optimal output of the hydroelectric power generating unit.
Optionally, the first model building module specifically includes:
wherein N isTIndicating the number of thermal power generating units, Pn,tRepresenting the output, P, of the nth thermal power generating unit at time tLtRepresenting the total load, Δ P, of the grid with only thermal power unitstThe total loss of the power grid is the total loss of the thermal power generating unit.
Optionally, the second model building module specifically includes:
an objective function establishing unit for establishing an objective function of a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model
minFa＝FH+FT+FW
Wherein,
wherein, FaRepresenting the total energy consumption of the water-fire-electricity combined system, FHRepresenting the energy consumption of a hydroelectric generating set, FTRepresenting the energy consumption of a thermal power unit, FWRepresenting the energy consumption of the wind generating set, T is the scheduling time, NHNumber of hydroelectric generating sets, NWThe number of the fans is equal to that of the fans,qk,tfor the output of the kth hydroelectric generating set at time t, Pn,tFor the output of the nth thermal power generating unit at time t, pw,tThe output of the w-th fan at the time t, htThe number of hours in a time period t is, a, b and c are a quadratic term coefficient, a primary term coefficient and a constant term of a water consumption function of the thermal power generating unit respectively, mu is the coal consumption rate of a hydraulic power plant in unit time, and lambda is the energy consumption coefficient of wind power generation;
the constraint condition establishing unit is used for establishing constraint conditions of a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the constraint conditions of the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model comprise power balance constraint conditions, hydroelectric generating set constraint conditions and thermal power generating set constraint conditions; the constraint conditions of the hydroelectric generating set comprise a hydroelectric generating set output constraint condition, a hydroelectric generating set output limit constraint condition and a water quantity balance constraint condition; the thermal power unit constraint conditions comprise thermal power unit output limit constraint conditions, conventional unit climbing limit constraint conditions and power grid branch flow constraint conditions;
the power balance constraint condition is
Wherein, PDtThe total load of the hydropower station-thermal power plant combined system is shown;
the output constraint condition of the hydroelectric generating set is
Wherein, Vk,tWater storage capacity, Q, of the kth hydroelectric generating set at time tk,tWater yield of hydroelectric generating set, c1k,c2kSecondary term coefficients of water storage capacity and water output capacity in the power constraint of the hydroelectric generating set, c3kA first order coefficient which is the product of the water storage capacity and the water yield, c4k,c5kFirst order coefficients of water storage capacity and water output capacity in the power constraint of the hydroelectric generating set respectively, c6kIs a constant term parameter;
the output limit constraint condition of the hydroelectric generating set is
Wherein,
is the minimum output of the kth hydroelectric generating set,
the maximum output of the kth hydroelectric generating set;
the water quantity balance constraint condition is
Wherein, Vk,t-1Water storage capacity of kth hydroelectric generating set at t-1 moment, Ik,tIs the water inflow of the kth hydroelectric generating set at the moment t, Qk,tWater yield of kth hydroelectric generating set at time t, Sk,tThe water overflow amount of the kth hydroelectric generating set at the time t,
representing the amount of water remaining due to the time delay; rukRepresenting the total number of upstream units of the kth hydroelectric generating set; tau ismkRepresenting a time delay of water delivery from the mth hydro-power unit to the kth hydro-power unit in the upstream unit;
representing the water yield of the mth hydroelectric generating set in the upstream generating set due to time delay;
indicating the overflow amount of the mth hydroelectric generating set in the upstream generating set due to time delay; Δ t represents the time interval between time t-1 and time t;
the output limit constraint condition of the thermal power generating unit is
Wherein,
represents the minimum output of the nth thermal power generating unit,
representing the minimum output and the maximum output of the nth thermal power generating unit;
the conventional unit climbing restriction condition is
pdown,n≤pn,t≤pup,n，
Wherein p isdown,nRepresenting the maximum turndown active quantity, p, of the nth thermal power generating unitup,nRepresenting the maximum up-regulation active power quantity of the nth thermal power generating unit;
the power grid branch flow constraint condition is
Wherein,
representing the minimum power flow of the mth line in the grid,
representing the maximum power flow of the mth line in the grid,
representing the power flow of the mth line in the power grid at time t.
Optionally, the solving module specifically includes:
the two-layer model conversion unit is used for respectively establishing a lower-layer hydroelectric generating set model and an upper-layer thermal generating set model according to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model;
the first solving unit is used for solving the lower layer hydroelectric generating set model to obtain the output q of the hydroelectric generating set of the nth iterationvAnd an upper limit value of the energy consumption of the hydroelectric generating set
The obtaining unit is used for obtaining the output p of the thermal power generating unit of the v-1 th iterationv-1And the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit
A determination unit for determining an upper boundary value of the energy consumption of the hydroelectric generating set of the v-th iteration
And the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit of the v-1 th iteration
Whether a preset convergence condition is met; if so, the output q of the hydroelectric generating set of the v-th iteration is calculatedvAs the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating set, the output p of the thermal power generating set of the v-1 th iteration is usedv-1The optimal output of the thermal power generating unit is used, if not, the second solving unit is switched to; the preset convergence condition is
The second solving unit is used for solving the upper-layer thermal power generating unit model to obtain the output p of the thermal power generating unit of the nth iterationvAnd the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit
And let v be v +1, and then return to the first solving unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant combined optimization scheduling method and system. The method comprises the steps of constructing an output model of a thermal power plant thermal power unit in a water-power-electric combined system; constructing a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model according to the output model of the thermal power unit of the thermal power plant, the output of the hydroelectric power unit of the cascade hydropower station and the output of the wind generating set; solving the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model by adopting a Benders decomposition algorithm to obtain an optimal solution corresponding to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the optimal solution comprises the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating unit; and determining the optimal total energy consumption of the water, fire and electricity combined system according to the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the total energy consumption corresponding to the optimal output of the hydroelectric power generating unit. The invention can improve the power generation capacity of clean energy, and achieve the purposes of saving the consumption of the traditional fossil energy and reducing the emission of atmospheric pollutants.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a cascaded hydropower station-thermal power plant joint optimization scheduling method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a water, fire and electricity combined system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a cascaded hydropower station-thermal power plant joint optimization scheduling system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a cascaded hydropower station-thermal power plant joint optimization scheduling method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the combined optimal scheduling method for a cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant of the embodiment includes:
step S1: and (3) constructing an output model of the thermal power plant thermal power generating unit in the water, fire and electricity combined system. The water-fire-electricity combined system is shown in figure 2.
The power generation system of the thermal power plant comprises an auxiliary exciter, an exciter disc, a main exciter (a standby exciter), a generator, a transformer, a high-voltage circuit breaker, a booster station, a power distribution device and the like. The power generation is that the auxiliary exciter (permanent magnet machine) sends out high-frequency current, the current sent out by the auxiliary exciter is rectified by an exciting disc and then sent to the main exciter, and the power generated by the main exciter is sent to a generator rotor through a voltage regulator and a de-excitation switch and a carbon brush. The rotor of the generator induces current by rotating the stator coil of the generator, strong current is divided into two paths through the outgoing line of the generator, one path of strong current is sent to the service transformer, the other path of strong current is sent to the high-voltage circuit breaker, and the strong current is sent to the power grid through the high-voltage circuit breaker.
The output model of the thermal power unit of the thermal power plant specifically comprises the following steps:
wherein N isTIndicating the number of thermal power generating units, Pn,tRepresenting the output, P, of the nth thermal power generating unit at time tLtRepresenting the total load, Δ P, of the grid with only thermal power unitstThe total loss of the power grid is the total loss of the thermal power generating unit.
Step S2: and constructing a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model according to the output model of the thermal power unit of the thermal power plant, the output of the hydroelectric power unit of the cascade hydropower station and the output of the wind generating set. The output of the cascade hydropower station hydropower unit can be calculated according to the existing output model of any cascade hydropower station hydropower unit, and the output of the wind generating set can be calculated according to the existing output model of any wind generating set.
The step S2 specifically includes:
step 21: establishing an objective function of a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model by taking the minimum total energy consumption of the hydropower-thermal power combined system as an objective function
min Fa＝FH+FT+FW
Wherein,
wherein, FaRepresenting the total energy consumption of the water-fire-electricity combined system, FHRepresenting the energy consumption of a hydroelectric generating set, FTRepresenting the energy consumption of a thermal power unit, FWRepresenting the energy consumption of the wind generating set, T is the scheduling time, NHNumber of hydroelectric generating sets, NWNumber of fans, qk,tFor the output of the kth hydroelectric generating set at time t, Pn,tFor the output of the nth thermal power generating unit at time t, pw,tThe output of the w-th fan at the time t, htAnd a, b and c are respectively a quadratic term coefficient, a primary term coefficient and a constant term of a water consumption function of the thermal power generating unit, mu is the coal consumption rate of the hydraulic power plant in unit time, and lambda is the energy consumption coefficient of wind power generation.
Step 22: establishing a constraint condition of a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the constraint conditions of the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model comprise power balance constraint conditions, hydroelectric generating set constraint conditions and thermal power generating set constraint conditions; the constraint conditions of the hydroelectric generating set comprise a hydroelectric generating set output constraint condition, a hydroelectric generating set output limit constraint condition and a water quantity balance constraint condition; the thermal power unit constraint conditions comprise thermal power unit output limit constraint conditions, conventional unit climbing limit constraint conditions and power grid branch flow constraint conditions.
Wherein the power balance constraint condition is
Wherein, PDtThe total load of the hydropower station-thermal power plant combined system is shown;
the output constraint condition of the hydroelectric generating set is
Wherein, Vk,tWater storage capacity, Q, of the kth hydroelectric generating set at time tk,tWater yield of hydroelectric generating set, c1k,c2kSecondary term coefficients of water storage capacity and water output capacity in the power constraint of the hydroelectric generating set, c3kA first order coefficient which is the product of the water storage capacity and the water yield, c4k,c5kFirst order coefficients of water storage capacity and water output capacity in the power constraint of the hydroelectric generating set respectively, c6kIs a constant term parameter;
the output limit constraint condition of the hydroelectric generating set is
Wherein,
is the minimum output of the kth hydroelectric generating set,
the maximum output of the kth hydroelectric generating set;
the water quantity balance constraint condition is
Wherein, Vk,t-1Water storage capacity of kth hydroelectric generating set at t-1 moment, Ik,tIs the water inflow of the kth hydroelectric generating set at the moment t, Qk,tWater yield of kth hydroelectric generating set at time t, Sk,tThe water overflow amount of the kth hydroelectric generating set at the time t,
) Representing the amount of water remaining due to the time delay; rukThe total number of upstream units of the kth hydroelectric generating set is shown, the unit positioned at the upstream of the kth hydroelectric generating set is the upstream unit of the kth hydroelectric generating set, and the hydroelectric generating sets in the upstream units of the kth hydroelectric generating set start from the (k + 1) th unit and have R in totalukA stage; tau ismkRepresenting a time delay of water delivery from the mth hydro-power unit to the kth hydro-power unit in the upstream unit;
representing the water yield of the mth hydroelectric generating set in the upstream generating set due to time delay;
indicating the overflow amount of the mth hydroelectric generating set in the upstream generating set due to time delay; Δ t represents the time interval between time t-1 and time t;
the output limit constraint condition of the thermal power generating unit is
Wherein,
represents the minimum output of the nth thermal power generating unit,
representing the minimum output and the maximum output of the nth thermal power generating unit;
the conventional unit climbing restriction condition is
pdown,n≤pn,t≤pup,n，
Wherein p isdown,nRepresenting the maximum turndown active quantity, p, of the nth thermal power generating unitup,nRepresenting the maximum up-regulation active power quantity of the nth thermal power generating unit;
the power grid branch flow constraint condition is
Wherein,
representing the minimum power flow of the mth line in the grid,
representing the maximum power flow of the mth line in the grid,
representing the power flow of the mth line in the power grid at time t.
Step S3: solving the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model by adopting a Benders decomposition algorithm to obtain an optimal solution corresponding to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the optimal solution comprises the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating unit.
The step S3 specifically includes:
step 31: and respectively establishing a lower-layer hydroelectric generating set model and an upper-layer thermal generating set model according to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model.
Step 32: solving the lower layer hydroelectric generating set model to obtain the output q of the hydroelectric generating set of the nth iterationvAnd energy consumption of hydroelectric generating setUpper boundary value of quantity
The lower layer hydroelectric generating set model is
subjectto
Wherein the constraint conditions c (q) represent hydroelectric generating set constraints including hydroelectric generating set output limit constraints and water balance constraints, and are expressed as
The constraint d (p, q) represents the coupling constraint of the combined hydropower station-thermal power plant system and is expressed as
p is assigned as a solution p obtained by the v-1 iteration of the upper-layer thermal generator setv-1I.e. p ═ pv-1. And substituting p into the lower layer model, wherein the lower layer hydroelectric generating set model is an optimization problem only about the hydroelectric generating variable q.
The model of the lower hydroelectric generating set is solved to obtain qvValue and the value of the objective function F, where the value of F is defined as the upper bound of the objective function after the v-th iteration
Wherein λ isvOutput p for thermal power generating unitiThe bidirectional variable of the v-th iteration is used for correcting out-of-limit constraint feasibility and increasing the sensitivity of the objective function, lambdavIs shown as
Wherein N isHNumber of hydroelectric generating sets, NTNumber of thermal power generating units, NWThe number of the fans is;
representing functions F to PiAnd (5) calculating partial derivatives.
Step 33: acquiring output p of thermal power generating unit of v-1 iterationv-1And the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit
Step 34: determining an upper boundary value of the energy consumption of the hydroelectric generating set of the v-th iteration
And the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit of the v-1 th iteration
Whether a preset convergence condition is met; if so, the output q of the hydroelectric generating set of the v-th iteration is calculatedvAs the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating set, the output p of the thermal power generating set of the v-1 th iteration is usedv-1If not, executing step 35; the preset convergence condition is
Step 35: solving the upper-layer thermal power generation unit model, wherein an objective function in the upper-layer thermal power generation unit model is a real variable, constraint conditions comprise thermal power generation unit constraints, and p is obtained by solving the upper-layer thermal power generation unit modelvAnd lower bound of objective function value
Update iterationThe number v is v +1, and the process returns to step 32. Wherein, the upper layer thermal power generation unit model is
Wherein the constraint conditions c (p) represent thermal power unit constraints including thermal power unit output limit constraint, unit climbing limit constraint and power grid branch flow constraint, and are represented as
Step S4: and determining the optimal total energy consumption of the water, fire and electricity combined system according to the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the total energy consumption corresponding to the optimal output of the hydroelectric power generating unit.
According to the cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant combined optimal scheduling method, the influence on wind power consumption of a water, fire and electricity combined system is considered by a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimal scheduling model; the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model aims at minimizing the total energy consumption, and reasonable resource allocation is achieved; the water, fire and electricity combined system is a multi-dimensional, complex and nonlinear optimization problem, the calculation difficulty of the traditional optimization algorithm is high, the decomposition optimization algorithm is adopted to decompose the water, electricity and fire electricity combined system optimization scheduling model into an upper layer and a lower layer for alternative iterative solution, the system calculation complexity is reduced, the system can be quickly converged to the optimal value, and the method can be used for the optimization problem of a large-scale system in the actual engineering; the power generation capacity of clean energy can be improved, and the aims of saving the consumption of the traditional fossil energy and reducing the emission of atmospheric pollutants are fulfilled.
The invention also provides a cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant combined optimization scheduling system, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant combined optimization scheduling system according to the embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 3, the cascaded hydropower station-thermal power plant joint optimization scheduling system of the embodiment includes:
the first model building module 301 is used for building an output model of a thermal power plant thermal power generating unit in the water, fire and electricity combined system.
And a second model construction module 302, configured to construct a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model according to the output model of the thermal power unit of the thermal power plant, the output of the hydroelectric power unit of the cascade hydropower station, and the output of the wind power generator unit.
The solving module 303 is used for solving the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model by adopting a Benders decomposition method to obtain an optimal solution corresponding to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the optimal solution comprises the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating unit.
An energy consumption determining module 304, configured to determine an optimal total energy consumption amount of the water, fire and electricity combined system according to the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and a total energy consumption amount corresponding to the optimal output of the hydroelectric power generating unit.
As an optional implementation manner, the first model building module 301 specifically includes:
wherein N isTIndicating the number of thermal power generating units, Pn,tRepresenting the output, P, of the nth thermal power generating unit at time tLtRepresenting the total load, Δ P, of the grid with only thermal power unitstThe total loss of the power grid is the total loss of the thermal power generating unit.
As an optional implementation manner, the second model building module 302 specifically includes:
an objective function establishing unit for establishing an objective function of a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model
minFa＝FH+FT+FW
Wherein,
wherein, FaRepresenting the total energy consumption of the water-fire-electricity combined system, FHRepresenting the energy consumption of a hydroelectric generating set, FTRepresenting the energy consumption of a thermal power unit, FWRepresenting the energy consumption of the wind generating set, T is the scheduling time, NHNumber of hydroelectric generating sets, NWNumber of fans, qk,tFor the output of the kth hydroelectric generating set at time t, Pn,tFor the output of the nth thermal power generating unit at time t, pw,tThe output of the w-th fan at the time t, htThe number of hours in a time period t is, a, b and c are a quadratic term coefficient, a primary term coefficient and a constant term of a water consumption function of the thermal power generating unit respectively, mu is the coal consumption rate of a hydraulic power plant in unit time, and lambda is the energy consumption coefficient of wind power generation;
the constraint condition establishing unit is used for establishing constraint conditions of a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the constraint conditions of the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model comprise power balance constraint conditions, hydroelectric generating set constraint conditions and thermal power generating set constraint conditions; the constraint conditions of the hydroelectric generating set comprise a hydroelectric generating set output constraint condition, a hydroelectric generating set output limit constraint condition and a water quantity balance constraint condition; the thermal power unit constraint conditions comprise thermal power unit output limit constraint conditions, conventional unit climbing limit constraint conditions and power grid branch flow constraint conditions;
the power balance constraint condition is
Wherein, PDtThe total load of the hydropower station-thermal power plant combined system is shown;
the output constraint condition of the hydroelectric generating set is
Wherein, Vk,tWater storage capacity, Q, of the kth hydroelectric generating set at time tk,tWater yield of hydroelectric generating set, c1k,c2kSecondary term coefficients of water storage capacity and water output capacity in the power constraint of the hydroelectric generating set, c3kA first order coefficient which is the product of the water storage capacity and the water yield, c4k,c5kFirst order coefficients of water storage capacity and water output capacity in the power constraint of the hydroelectric generating set respectively, c6kIs a constant term parameter;
the output limit constraint condition of the hydroelectric generating set is
Wherein,
is the minimum output of the kth hydroelectric generating set,
the maximum output of the kth hydroelectric generating set;
the water quantity balance constraint condition is
Wherein, Vk,t-1Water storage capacity of kth hydroelectric generating set at t-1 moment, Ik,tIs the water inflow of the kth hydroelectric generating set at the moment t, Qk,tWater yield of kth hydroelectric generating set at time t, Sk,tThe water overflow amount of the kth hydroelectric generating set at the time t,
) Representing the amount of water remaining due to the time delay; rukRepresenting the total number of upstream units of the kth hydroelectric generating set; tau ismkIndicating water delivery from the mth hydro-power unit to the kth hydro-power unit in the upstream unitA time delay of sending; qm,t-τmkRepresenting the water yield of the mth hydroelectric generating set in the upstream generating set due to time delay; sm,t-τmkIndicating the overflow amount of the mth hydroelectric generating set in the upstream generating set due to time delay; Δ t represents the time interval between time t-1 and time t;
the output limit constraint condition of the thermal power generating unit is
Wherein,
represents the minimum output of the nth thermal power generating unit,
representing the minimum output and the maximum output of the nth thermal power generating unit;
the conventional unit climbing restriction condition is
pdown,n≤pn,t≤pup,n，
Wherein p isdown,nRepresenting the maximum turndown active quantity, p, of the nth thermal power generating unitup,nRepresenting the maximum up-regulation active power quantity of the nth thermal power generating unit;
the power grid branch flow constraint condition is
Wherein,
representing the minimum power flow of the mth line in the grid,
representing the maximum power flow of the mth line in the grid,
representing the power flow of the mth line in the power grid at time t.
As an optional implementation manner, the solving module 303 specifically includes:
the two-layer model conversion unit is used for respectively establishing a lower-layer hydroelectric generating set model and an upper-layer thermal generating set model according to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model;
the first solving unit is used for solving the lower layer hydroelectric generating set model to obtain the output q of the hydroelectric generating set of the nth iterationvAnd an upper limit value of the energy consumption of the hydroelectric generating set
The obtaining unit is used for obtaining the output p of the thermal power generating unit of the v-1 th iterationv-1And the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit
A determination unit for determining an upper boundary value of the energy consumption of the hydroelectric generating set of the v-th iteration
And the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit of the v-1 th iteration
Whether a preset convergence condition is met; if so, the output q of the hydroelectric generating set of the v-th iteration is calculatedvAs the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating set, the output p of the thermal power generating set of the v-1 th iteration is usedv-1The optimal output of the thermal power generating unit is used, if not, the second solving unit is switched to; the preset convergence condition is
The second solving unit is used for solving the upper-layer thermal power generating unit model to obtain the output p of the thermal power generating unit of the nth iterationvAnd the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit
And let v be v +1, and then return to the first solving unit.
The cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant combined optimization scheduling system can improve the power generation capacity of clean energy, and achieves the purposes of saving the consumption of traditional fossil energy and reducing the emission of atmospheric pollutants.
For the system disclosed by the embodiment, the description is relatively simple because the system corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant joint optimization scheduling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
constructing an output model of a thermal power plant thermal power generating unit in a water, fire and electricity combined system;
constructing a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model according to the output model of the thermal power unit of the thermal power plant, the output of the hydroelectric power unit of the cascade hydropower station and the output of the wind generating set;
solving the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model by adopting a Benders decomposition algorithm to obtain an optimal solution corresponding to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the optimal solution comprises the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating unit;
determining the optimal total energy consumption of the water, fire and electricity combined system according to the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the total energy consumption corresponding to the optimal output of the hydroelectric power generating unit;
the method for solving the optimal scheduling model of the hydropower-thermal power combined system by adopting the Benders decomposition algorithm to obtain the optimal solution corresponding to the optimal scheduling model of the hydropower-thermal power combined system specifically comprises the following steps:
step 31: respectively establishing a lower-layer hydroelectric generating set model and an upper-layer thermal generating set model according to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model;
step 32: solving the lower layer hydroelectric generating set model to obtain the output q of the hydroelectric generating set of the nth iterationvAnd an upper limit value of the energy consumption of the hydroelectric generating set
Step 33: acquiring output p of thermal power generating unit of v-1 iterationv-1And the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit
Step 34: determining an upper boundary value of the energy consumption of the hydroelectric generating set of the v-th iteration
And the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit of the v-1 th iteration
Whether a preset convergence condition is met; if so, the output q of the hydroelectric generating set of the v-th iteration is calculatedvAs the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating set, the output p of the thermal power generating set of the v-1 th iteration is usedv-1If not, executing step 35; the preset convergence condition is
Step 35: solving the upper-layer thermal power generating unit model to obtain the output p of the thermal power generating unit of the nth iterationvAnd the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit
And let v be v +1 and then return to the step 32.
2. The cascaded hydropower station-thermal power plant joint optimization scheduling method according to claim 1, wherein the output model of the thermal power plant thermal power unit is specifically:
wherein N isTIndicating the number of thermal power generating units, Pn,tRepresenting the output, P, of the nth thermal power generating unit at time tLtRepresenting the total load, Δ P, of the grid with only thermal power unitstThe total loss of the power grid is the total loss of the thermal power generating unit.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step hydropower station-thermal power plant combined optimization scheduling model is constructed according to the output model of the thermal power plant thermal power unit, the output of the step hydropower station hydroelectric power unit and the output of the wind power generator unit, and specifically comprises:
target function for establishing hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model
min Fa＝FH+FT+FW
Wherein,
wherein, FaRepresenting the total energy consumption of the water-fire-electricity combined system, FHRepresenting the energy consumption of a hydroelectric generating set, FTRepresenting the energy consumption of a thermal power unit, FWRepresenting the energy consumption of the wind generating set, T is the scheduling time, NHNumber of hydroelectric generating sets, NTNumber of thermal power generating units, NWNumber of fans, qk,tFor the output of the kth hydroelectric generating set at time t, Pn,tFor the output of the nth thermal power generating unit at time t, pw,tThe output of the w-th fan at the time t, htThe number of hours in a time period t is, a, b and c are a quadratic term coefficient, a primary term coefficient and a constant term of a water consumption function of the thermal power generating unit respectively, mu is the coal consumption rate of a hydraulic power plant in unit time, and lambda is the energy consumption coefficient of wind power generation;
establishing a constraint condition of a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the constraint conditions of the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model comprise power balance constraint conditions, hydroelectric generating set constraint conditions and thermal power generating set constraint conditions; the constraint conditions of the hydroelectric generating set comprise a hydroelectric generating set output constraint condition, a hydroelectric generating set output limit constraint condition and a water quantity balance constraint condition; the thermal power unit constraint conditions comprise thermal power unit output limit constraint conditions, conventional unit climbing limit constraint conditions and power grid branch flow constraint conditions;
the power balance constraint condition is
Wherein, PDtThe total load of the hydropower station-thermal power plant combined system is shown;
the output constraint condition of the hydroelectric generating set is
Wherein, Vk,tWater storage capacity of kth hydroelectric generating set at time t，Qk,tWater yield of hydroelectric generating set, c1k,c2kSecondary term coefficients of water storage capacity and water output capacity in the power constraint of the hydroelectric generating set, c3kA first order coefficient which is the product of the water storage capacity and the water yield, c4k,c5kFirst order coefficients of water storage capacity and water output capacity in the power constraint of the hydroelectric generating set respectively, c6kIs a constant term parameter;
the output limit constraint condition of the hydroelectric generating set is
Wherein,
is the minimum output of the kth hydroelectric generating set,
the maximum output of the kth hydroelectric generating set;
the water quantity balance constraint condition is
Wherein, Vk,t-1Water storage capacity of kth hydroelectric generating set at t-1 moment, Ik,tIs the water inflow of the kth hydroelectric generating set at the moment t, Qk,tWater yield of kth hydroelectric generating set at time t, Sk,tThe water overflow amount of the kth hydroelectric generating set at the time t,
representing the amount of water remaining due to the time delay; rukRepresenting the total number of upstream units of the kth hydroelectric generating set; tau ismkRepresenting a time delay of water delivery from the mth hydro-power unit to the kth hydro-power unit in the upstream unit;
representing the water yield of the mth hydroelectric generating set in the upstream generating set due to time delay;
indicating the overflow amount of the mth hydroelectric generating set in the upstream generating set due to time delay; Δ t represents the time interval between time t-1 and time t;
the output limit constraint condition of the thermal power generating unit is
Wherein,
represents the minimum output of the nth thermal power generating unit,
representing the minimum output and the maximum output of the nth thermal power generating unit;
the conventional unit climbing restriction condition is
pdown,n≤pn,t≤pup,n，
Wherein p isdown,nRepresenting the maximum turndown active quantity, p, of the nth thermal power generating unitup,nRepresenting the maximum up-regulation active power quantity of the nth thermal power generating unit;
the power grid branch flow constraint condition is
Wherein,
representing the minimum power flow of the mth line in the grid,
representing the maximum power flow of the mth line in the grid,
representing the power flow of the mth line in the power grid at time t.
4. A cascade hydropower station-thermal power plant joint optimization scheduling system is characterized by comprising:
the first model building module is used for building an output model of a thermal power plant thermal power generating unit in the water, fire and electricity combined system;
the second model building module is used for building a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model according to the output model of the thermal power unit of the thermal power plant, the output of the hydroelectric power unit of the cascade hydropower station and the output of the wind power generator unit;
the solving module is used for solving the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model by adopting a decomposition optimization algorithm to obtain an optimal solution corresponding to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the optimal solution comprises the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating unit;
the energy consumption determining module is used for determining the optimal total energy consumption of the water, fire and electricity combined system according to the optimal output of the thermal power generating unit and the total energy consumption corresponding to the optimal output of the hydroelectric power generating unit;
the solving module specifically includes:
the two-layer model conversion unit is used for respectively establishing a lower-layer hydroelectric generating set model and an upper-layer thermal generating set model according to the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model;
the first solving unit is used for solving the lower layer hydroelectric generating set model to obtain the output q of the hydroelectric generating set of the nth iterationvAnd an upper limit value of the energy consumption of the hydroelectric generating set
An obtaining unit, configured to obtain the output of the thermal power generating unit of the v-1 th iterationpv-1And the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit
A determination unit for determining an upper boundary value of the energy consumption of the hydroelectric generating set of the v-th iteration
And the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit of the v-1 th iteration
Whether a preset convergence condition is met; if so, the output q of the hydroelectric generating set of the v-th iteration is calculatedvAs the optimal output of the hydroelectric generating set, the output p of the thermal power generating set of the v-1 th iteration is usedv-1The optimal output of the thermal power generating unit is used, if not, the second solving unit is switched to; the preset convergence condition is
The second solving unit is used for solving the upper-layer thermal power generating unit model to obtain the output p of the thermal power generating unit of the nth iterationvAnd the lower boundary value of the energy consumption of the thermal power generating unit
And let v be v +1, and then return to the first solving unit.
5. The cascaded hydropower station-thermal power plant joint optimization scheduling system of claim 4, wherein the first model building module is specifically:
wherein N isTIndicating the number of thermal power generating units, Pn,tIndicating the nth thermal power machineOutput of the group at time t, PLtRepresenting the total load, Δ P, of the grid with only thermal power unitstThe total loss of the power grid is the total loss of the thermal power generating unit.
6. The cascaded hydropower station-thermal power plant joint optimization scheduling system of claim 5, wherein the second model building module specifically comprises:
an objective function establishing unit for establishing an objective function of a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model
min Fa＝FH+FT+FW
Wherein,
wherein, FaRepresenting the total energy consumption of the water-fire-electricity combined system, FHRepresenting the energy consumption of a hydroelectric generating set, FTRepresenting the energy consumption of a thermal power unit, FWRepresenting the energy consumption of the wind generating set, T is the scheduling time, NHNumber of hydroelectric generating sets, NWNumber of fans, qk,tFor the output of the kth hydroelectric generating set at time t, Pn,tFor the output of the nth thermal power generating unit at time t, pw,tThe output of the w-th fan at the time t, htThe number of hours in a time period t is, a, b and c are a quadratic term coefficient, a primary term coefficient and a constant term of a water consumption function of the thermal power generating unit respectively, mu is the coal consumption rate of a hydraulic power plant in unit time, and lambda is the energy consumption coefficient of wind power generation;
the constraint condition establishing unit is used for establishing constraint conditions of a hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model; the constraint conditions of the hydropower-thermal power combined system optimization scheduling model comprise power balance constraint conditions, hydroelectric generating set constraint conditions and thermal power generating set constraint conditions; the constraint conditions of the hydroelectric generating set comprise a hydroelectric generating set output constraint condition, a hydroelectric generating set output limit constraint condition and a water quantity balance constraint condition; the thermal power unit constraint conditions comprise thermal power unit output limit constraint conditions, conventional unit climbing limit constraint conditions and power grid branch flow constraint conditions;
the power balance constraint condition is
Wherein, PDtThe total load of the hydropower station-thermal power plant combined system is shown;
the output constraint condition of the hydroelectric generating set is
Wherein, Vk,tWater storage capacity, Q, of the kth hydroelectric generating set at time tk,tWater yield of hydroelectric generating set, c1k,c2kSecondary term coefficients of water storage capacity and water output capacity in the power constraint of the hydroelectric generating set, c3kA first order coefficient which is the product of the water storage capacity and the water yield, c4k,c5kFirst order coefficients of water storage capacity and water output capacity in the power constraint of the hydroelectric generating set respectively, c6kIs a constant term parameter;
the output limit constraint condition of the hydroelectric generating set is
Wherein,
is the minimum output of the kth hydroelectric generating set,
the maximum output of the kth hydroelectric generating set;
the water quantity balance constraint condition is
Wherein, Vk,t-1Water storage capacity of kth hydroelectric generating set at t-1 moment, Ik,tIs the water inflow of the kth hydroelectric generating set at the moment t, Qk,tWater yield of kth hydroelectric generating set at time t, Sk,tThe water overflow amount of the kth hydroelectric generating set at the time t,
representing the amount of water remaining due to the time delay; rukRepresenting the total number of upstream units of the kth hydroelectric generating set; tau ismkRepresenting a time delay of water delivery from the mth hydro-power unit to the kth hydro-power unit in the upstream unit;
representing the water yield of the mth hydroelectric generating set in the upstream generating set due to time delay;
indicating the overflow amount of the mth hydroelectric generating set in the upstream generating set due to time delay; Δ t represents the time interval between time t-1 and time t;
the output limit constraint condition of the thermal power generating unit is
Wherein,
represents the minimum output of the nth thermal power generating unit,
representing the minimum output and the maximum output of the nth thermal power generating unit;
the conventional unit climbing restriction condition is
pdown,n≤pn,t≤pup,n，
Wherein p isdown,nRepresenting the maximum turndown active quantity, p, of the nth thermal power generating unitup,nRepresenting the maximum up-regulation active power quantity of the nth thermal power generating unit;
the power grid branch flow constraint condition is
Wherein,
representing the minimum power flow of the mth line in the grid,
representing the maximum power flow of the mth line in the grid,
representing the power flow of the mth line in the power grid at time t.
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