CN109990963B - Self-vibration characteristic test platform of structural member - Google Patents
Self-vibration characteristic test platform of structural member Download PDFInfo
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- CN109990963B CN109990963B CN201910202177.2A CN201910202177A CN109990963B CN 109990963 B CN109990963 B CN 109990963B CN 201910202177 A CN201910202177 A CN 201910202177A CN 109990963 B CN109990963 B CN 109990963B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/027—Specimen mounting arrangements, e.g. table head adapters
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- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a self-vibration characteristic test platform for a structural member, and relates to the technical field of vibration tests. The self-vibration characteristic testing platform of the structural member comprises a base, two supports adjustably installed on the base, sliding chutes for sliding assembly of the two supports are formed in the base, fastening bolts are arranged between the two supports and the base respectively, the testing platform further comprises two clamps rotatably installed on the two supports respectively, each clamp comprises a clamp main body and a clamping structure for clamping and fixing the structural member, and rotation limiting stopping pieces for limiting rotation of the clamps and relieving limitation are adjustably installed on the two supports. When the rotation limiting stopping piece limits the rotation of the clamp, the boundary condition of the fixed connection of one end of the structural part can be simulated, when the limitation of the rotation limiting stopping piece on the clamp is removed, the boundary condition of the hinged connection of one end of the structural part can be simulated, the rotation limiting stopping piece is adjusted to form switching of the connection of the end part of the structural part, two boundary conditions of fixed connection and hinged connection can be simulated, and the applicability is stronger.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vibration testing of structural components, in particular to a self-vibration characteristic testing platform of a structural component.
Background
Structural members are critical mechanical components in products or engineering, and the integrity of the structural members can be directly affected if defects or damages exist in the structural members. Defects or damage are usually local phenomena, and vibration response is a global characteristic, and a self-vibration characteristic test technology of a structural member is developed according to the principle.
For example, the chinese utility model patent with the granted announcement number CN205879481U and the granted announcement date 2017.01.11 discloses a self-vibration characteristic test platform, and specifically discloses that the test platform comprises a sliding support, a limiting support, a movable base, a fixed base, a foundation platform, an acceleration sensor, a computer, a dynamic signal test analysis system, and a force hammer sensor; the sliding support is tightly mounted on the movable base, the limiting support is tightly mounted on the fixed base, and the distance between the movable base and the fixed base is changed by changing the connection position of the connection hole of the movable base and the hole of the foundation platform. Adjusting the movable base and the sliding support according to the span of the test beam to realize the adjustment of the distance between the sliding support and the limiting support; moving the rolling bearing along the sliding track, and finely adjusting the distance between the sliding support and the limiting support; after the supporting position is determined, the right-angled triangle limiting plate is placed in a gap between the rolling bearing and the sliding track to limit and fix the bearing, and the self-vibration characteristic test platform can simulate the boundary condition of the two hinged ends of the structural part.
However, in engineering practice, there are many installation forms of the structural member, such as: two ends are fixed, one end is fixed, the other end is hinged, and the like. The existing self-vibration characteristic test platform has the problems of few simulatable boundary conditions and poor applicability.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a self-vibration characteristic testing platform for a structural member, so as to solve the problems of few boundary conditions and poor applicability that can be simulated by the conventional self-vibration characteristic testing platform.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the self-vibration characteristic testing platform of the structural member comprises a base and two supports adjustably installed on the base, wherein sliding grooves for sliding assembly of the two supports are formed in the base, fastening bolts are respectively arranged between the two supports and the base, clamps for clamping and fixing the structural member are respectively installed on the two supports in a rotating mode, and rotation limiting stopping pieces for limiting rotation of the clamps and relieving limitation are adjustably installed on the two supports.
Has the advantages that: when the self-vibration characteristic test platform is used, the structural part is clamped and fixed on the clamps of the two supports, the limit rotation stopping piece is adjusted, when the limit rotation stopping piece limits the rotation of the clamps, the boundary condition of the fixed connection of one end of the structural part can be simulated, when the limit rotation stopping piece relieves the limit of the clamps, the boundary condition of the hinged connection of one end of the structural part can be simulated, the limit rotation stopping piece can be adjusted to form the connection of the end parts of the structural part to be switched, the self-vibration characteristic test platform can be used for switching between the two boundary conditions of fixed connection and hinged connection, and the self-vibration characteristic test platform is high in applicability.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate adjustment of the rotation limiting stop member to switch between two states of rotation limitation and limitation removal, the rotation limiting stop member is a jackscrew assembled on the support through threads, the fixture comprises a fixture main body and a clamping structure for clamping and fixing the structural member, and a jacking end of the jackscrew is used for being in stop fit with the outer side face of the fixture main body.
Further, in order to improve the assembly precision of the clamp on the support, the support comprises two vertical sections arranged at intervals in the front and back direction and a transverse section connected to the lower ends of the two vertical sections, bolt holes for penetrating fastening bolts are formed in the transverse section, a middle section used for assembling jackscrews through threads is connected between the front vertical section and the rear vertical section, coaxial assembling holes are formed in the front vertical section and the rear vertical section respectively, and the clamp is rotatably installed in assembling holes corresponding to the front vertical section and the rear vertical section of the support.
Furthermore, in order to simulate the simply supported boundary condition of the structural member and increase the application range of the test platform, one of the two supports is a movable support, the other support is a limiting support, the assembly holes in the front vertical section and the rear vertical section of the movable support are assembly long holes extending along the length direction of the sliding groove, and the clamp on the movable support is adjustably installed in the assembly long holes along the length direction of the sliding groove.
Furthermore, in order to facilitate the switching of the test platform between the simple supporting condition and other boundary conditions, threaded holes are formed in the thickness side faces, located on the same side, of the front vertical section and the rear vertical section of the movable support, the axis of each threaded hole extends along the length direction of the sliding groove, and a limiting bolt used for jacking and pressing a clamp on the movable support is assembled in each threaded hole in a threaded manner.
Furthermore, in order to reduce the rotating friction force between the movable support and the corresponding clamp, a rotating bearing is arranged between the assembly long hole of the movable support and the corresponding clamp, and the jacking end of the limiting bolt jacks the outer ring of the rotating bearing.
Further, in order to improve the firmness of the clamp clamping, the clamp main body comprises an upper arm and a lower arm which are arranged at an upper interval and a lower interval, a clamping space for clamping the structural member is formed at the interval between the upper arm and the lower arm, a clamping bolt is assembled on the upper arm and/or the lower arm through threads, a gasket used for clamping the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the structural member is further arranged at the jacking end of the clamping bolt, and the clamping bolt and the gasket jointly form the clamping structure.
Furthermore, in order to reduce the rotating friction force between the limiting support and the corresponding clamp, a rotating bearing is arranged between the assembling hole of the limiting support and the corresponding clamp.
Further, in order to fix the two support positioning fixing bases conveniently, the support further comprises a base plate, threaded holes are formed in the positions, corresponding to the bolt holes of the support, of the base plate, and the fastening bolts are matched with the threaded holes to enable the support and the base plate to be clamped and fixed on the base plate vertically.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an operating principle of a platform for testing the natural vibration characteristics of a structural member according to an embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an overall perspective view of a test platform according to an embodiment 1 of the test platform for testing the natural vibration characteristics of the structural member of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the limiting support of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the mobile support of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the clamp of FIG. 2;
fig. 9 is a left side view of fig. 8.
In the figure: 1-base, 10-chute, 2-limit support, 20-fastening bolt, 21-vertical section, 22-horizontal section, 23-middle section, 24-first base plate, 25-first jackscrew, 26-first rotating bearing, 3-movable support, 30-fastening bolt, 31-vertical section, 32-horizontal section and 33-middle section, 34-a second substrate, 35-a second jackscrew, 36-a second rotating bearing, 37-a limiting bolt, 4-a first clamp, 40-a clamp main body, 41-a clamping bolt, 42-a backing plate, 43-an end shaft, 5-a second clamp, 6-a structural part, 7-a force hammer sensor, 8-an FFT analyzer, 9-a computer and an a-acceleration sensor.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the embodiment 1 of the self-vibration characteristic testing platform of the structural member of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the self-vibration characteristic testing platform of the structural member includes a base 1, a limiting support 2 and a movable support 3, which are mounted on the base 1 in a left-right adjustable manner. Base 1 is the dull and stereotyped structure of rectangle, is equipped with the scale on base 1, and the interval of two supports is convenient for accurately adjust, has seted up two parallel interval arrangement spouts 10 on the base 1, and two spouts 10 extend along left right direction, and spacing support 2 and removal support 3 slide assembly respectively in two spouts 10. A first clamp 4 is rotatably arranged on the limiting support 2, and the rotating axes of the first clamp 4 extend along the front-back direction respectively; the movable support 3 is provided with a second clamp 5 which is adjustable left and right, the second clamp 5 and the first clamp 4 have the same structure, the rotation axis of the second clamp 5 also extends along the front and back direction, and the rotation axis of the first clamp 4 and the rotation axis of the second clamp 5 are in the same horizontal position. And respectively clamping two ends of the length of the structural part 6 to be tested in the first clamp 4 and the second clamp 5, and then carrying out vibration testing under corresponding conditions.
As shown in fig. 5, the limiting support 2 includes two vertical sections 21 arranged at intervals in front and back, two horizontal sections 22 connected to the lower ends of the vertical sections 21, and a middle section 23 connected between the front vertical section 21 and the rear vertical section 21, and a triangular reinforcing plate is further disposed between the vertical section 21 and the horizontal section 22 on the same side. Two bolt holes are respectively formed in the left end part and the right end part of the front transverse section 22 and the rear transverse section 22, and four bolt holes for the fastening bolts 20 to penetrate are formed in the four vertex angles of the limiting support 2 in the whole view of the limiting support 2. The limiting support 2 further comprises a first base plate 24, the first base plate 24 is of a flat plate structure, and threaded holes are formed in the positions, right opposite to the four bolt holes of the limiting support 2, of the first base plate 24 respectively.
When the positioning and mounting device is used and mounted, the limiting support 2 is arranged above the base 1, the first base plate 24 is arranged below the base 1, four bolt holes of the limiting support 2 are ensured to respectively correspond to the sliding grooves 10 of the base 1, four threaded holes of the first base plate 24 are also ensured to respectively correspond to the sliding grooves 10 of the base 1, the four bolt holes of the limiting support 2 and four threaded holes of the first base plate 24 are ensured to be right up and down, the fastening bolts 20 penetrate into the bolt holes and are screwed in the threaded holes, and the positioning and mounting of the limiting support 2 on the base 1 can be realized by screwing the fastening bolts 20.
The front and the back vertical sections 21 are respectively provided with an assembling hole with an axis extending along the front and back direction at the position close to the top, and the assembling hole of the front vertical section 21 and the assembling hole of the back vertical section 21 are in the same axis and correspond to each other in the front and back direction. The first clamp 4 is rotatably installed in the assembly holes of the front vertical section 21 and the assembly holes of the rear vertical section 21, and a rotary bearing 26 is further provided between the first clamp 4 and the assembly holes of the vertical sections 21 to reduce the rotational friction of the first clamp 4 in the limit bracket 2.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the first clamp 4 includes a clamp body 40 and end shafts 43 disposed at front and rear ends of the clamp body 40, and the front and rear end shafts 43 of the first clamp 4 are respectively installed in inner rings of front and rear corresponding rotating bearings 26 of the limit bracket 2. The clamp body 40 comprises an upper arm and a lower arm which are arranged at an upper interval and a lower interval, a clamping space for clamping the structural part 6 is formed at the interval between the upper arm and the lower arm, two sets of clamping bolts 41 are respectively assembled on the upper arm and the lower arm in a threaded manner, the jacking ends of the upper and lower sets of clamping bolts 41 are opposite, and a gasket 42 is arranged on the jacking end of each assembling clamping bolt 41. During installation, the end part of the structural member 6 extends into the space between the upper gasket 42 and the lower gasket 42, and the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the structural member 6 are clamped by screwing the upper clamping bolt 41 and the lower clamping bolt 41 to push the gaskets 42, so that the structural member 6 is clamped on the clamp 4.
The middle section 23 of the limiting support 2 is positioned at the lower part of the clamp 4, the first jackscrew 25 is assembled on the middle section 23 in a threaded mode, and the screwing end of the first jackscrew 25 is pressed downwards and upwards. The first screwing screw 25 is screwed upwards to be tightly pressed against the lower side surface of the clamp main body 40 of the clamp 4, the rotation of the first clamp 4 is limited by the stop fit between the screw 25 and the lower side surface of the clamp main body 40, and the rotation limitation of the first clamp 4 is released by screwing the first screwing screw 25 downwards. The first jackscrew 25 forms a rotation-limiting stopper for limiting the rotation of the first clamp 4. The assembly form of the first clamp 4 on the limiting support 2 is switched by adjusting the position of the first jackscrew 25 up and down, the first jackscrew 25 is tightly jacked, namely the first clamp 4 is fixed on the limiting support 2, and the boundary condition of fixed connection of one end of the structural part 6 can be simulated; correspondingly, the first jackscrew 25 is unscrewed, namely the first clamp 4 is rotatably assembled on the limiting support 2, so that the boundary condition of hinged connection of one end of the structural part 6 can be simulated. The self-vibration characteristic test platform can be switched between two boundary conditions of fixed connection and hinging, and has stronger applicability.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the movable support 3 and the limit support 2 have substantially the same structure, and the difference between the two is that the movable support 3 is provided with an assembly slot. The movable support 3 comprises two vertical sections 31 arranged at intervals in the front and back, two transverse sections 32 and a middle section 33 connected between the front vertical section 31 and the rear vertical section 31, a second jackscrew 35 is assembled on the middle section 32 through threads, and a triangular reinforcing plate is further arranged between the vertical section 31 and the transverse section 32 on the same side. Two bolt holes are respectively formed at the left and right ends of the front and rear two transverse sections 32, and four bolt holes for the fastening bolts 30 to pass through are formed at four vertex angles of the movable support 3 as a whole from the movable support 3. The movable support 3 further comprises a second base plate 34, threaded holes are respectively formed in the positions, opposite to the four bolt holes of the movable support 3, on the second base plate 34, and the mounting method of the movable support 3 refers to the use and mounting method of the limiting support 2.
The front and rear vertical sections 31 of the movable support 3 are respectively provided with an assembly long hole at the position close to the top, the axis of which extends along the front and rear direction, and the assembly long hole of the front vertical section 31 and the assembly long hole of the rear vertical section 31 are in front and rear correspondence on the same axis. The second clamp 5 is left-right adjustably mounted in the fitting long hole of the front vertical section 31 and the fitting long hole of the rear vertical section 31, and a rotation bearing 36 is further provided between the second clamp 5 and the fitting long holes of the vertical sections 31 to reduce the rotational friction of the second clamp 5 in the movable support 3. Threaded holes are formed in the front thickness side faces of the front vertical sections 31 and the rear vertical sections 31, the axes of the threaded holes extend in the left-right direction, limit bolts 37 are mounted in the threaded holes, the screwing ends of the limit bolts 37 face the left, and the jacking ends of the limit bolts can extend into the mounting long holes. The rolling bearing 36 is pressed by screwing the limiting bolt 37, so that the second clamp 5 is limited in left-right movement, and the functions of the movable support 3 and the limiting support 2 are the same; the limit bolt 37 is unscrewed to release the left and right limit function of the rolling bearing 36, and at the moment, the simple boundary condition of the structural part 6 can be simulated, namely, the structural part 6 can deform in the length direction during vibration.
The self-vibration characteristic test platform analyzes the defects and damages of a structural member according to a vibration response result, adjusts the left and right positions of the limiting support 2 and the movable support 3 in the chute 10 of the base 1 according to the length of the structural member 6 to be tested, correspondingly inserts the two ends of the length of the structural member 6 into the first clamp 4 and the second clamp 5, screws the clamping bolt on the screwing clamp to clamp the structural member 6, and screws the fastening bolt 20 on the limiting support 2 and the fastening bolt 30 on the movable support 3 to position the limiting support 2 and the movable support 3. In the embodiment, the acceleration sensors a are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the structural member 6, and are electrically connected with the FFT analyzer 8 and the computer 9, the force hammer sensor 7 is connected with the computer 9, and the structural member 6 is applied with dynamic load through the force hammer sensor 7, so that the self-vibration characteristic test can be carried out.
The difference between the specific embodiment 2 of the self-vibration characteristic test platform of the structural member of the invention and the specific embodiment 1 is that according to actual operation requirements, a jackscrew can be replaced by a bolt, a slot is formed in the vertical section of the support, the bolt is inserted into the slot and is in stop fit with the outer side surface of the clamp through the edge of the bolt, and the bolt is pulled out to remove the limitation on the rotation of the clamp. In other embodiments, the limiting bolt can be replaced by a limiting bolt which is inserted into the long assembling hole to limit the left and right movement of the second clamp.
The difference between embodiment 3 of the platform for testing the self-vibration characteristics of a structural member of the present invention and embodiment 1 is that, in order to facilitate the testing operation, the middle section of the limiting support may be located at the upper portion of the assembly hole, the first jackscrew is threadedly assembled on the middle section, the jacking end of the first jackscrew is screwed up at the lower screwing end, and the jacking end is stopped at the upper side of the first fixture by screwing the first jackscrew downward to achieve rotation limitation. In other embodiments, the middle section of the movable support may be located at the upper portion of the fitting slot.
The difference between the embodiment 4 of the platform for testing the natural vibration characteristics of the structural member of the present invention and the embodiment 1 is that in order to simplify the structure of the clamp, the upper arm of the clamp body may be omitted, and only the lower arm is threadedly assembled with the pressing bolt for pressing the structural member, and the clamping bolt penetrates through the backing strip to press and fix the structural member in front of the backing strip and the lower arm.
Claims (8)
1. A self-vibration characteristic test platform of a structural member comprises a base and two supports adjustably mounted on the base, and is characterized in that a sliding groove for sliding assembly of the two supports is formed in the base, fastening bolts are respectively arranged between the two supports and the base, clamps for clamping and fixing the structural member are respectively rotatably mounted on the two supports, the sliding groove extends along the left-right direction, and the rotating axis of the clamps extends along the front-back direction; the two supports are adjustably provided with rotation limiting stop members for limiting the rotation of the clamp and releasing the limitation;
one of the two supports is a movable support, the other support is a limiting support, assembling holes in the front vertical section and the rear vertical section of the movable support are assembling long holes extending along the length direction of the sliding groove, and a clamp on the movable support is adjustably installed in the assembling long holes along the length direction of the sliding groove.
2. The platform for testing the self-vibration characteristics of a structural member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation limiting stop member is a jackscrew which is assembled on the support through threads, the fixture comprises a fixture body and a clamping structure for clamping and fixing the structural member, and a jacking end of the jackscrew is used for being in stop fit with an outer side surface of the fixture body.
3. The platform for testing the self-vibration characteristics of a structural member as claimed in claim 2, wherein the support comprises two vertical sections arranged at intervals in the front and back direction and a horizontal section connected to the lower ends of the two vertical sections, the horizontal section is provided with a bolt hole for passing a fastening bolt, a middle section for assembling a jackscrew in a threaded manner is connected between the front vertical section and the rear vertical section, the front vertical section and the rear vertical section are respectively provided with coaxial assembling holes, and the clamp is rotatably mounted in the assembling holes corresponding to the front vertical section and the rear vertical section of the support.
4. The platform for testing the natural vibration characteristics of a structural member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness side faces of the front and rear vertical sections of the movable support, which are located on the same side, are provided with threaded holes, the axes of the threaded holes extend along the length direction of the sliding groove, and the threaded holes are internally and threadedly provided with limit bolts for jacking and pressing clamps on the movable support.
5. The platform for testing the natural vibration characteristics of a structural member as claimed in claim 4, wherein a rotating bearing is arranged between the assembly slot hole of the movable support and the corresponding clamp, and the abutting end of the limiting bolt abuts against an outer ring of the rotating bearing.
6. The platform for testing the self-vibration characteristics of the structural member as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the clamp body comprises an upper arm and a lower arm which are arranged at an upper and lower interval, a clamping space for clamping the structural member is formed at an interval between the upper arm and the lower arm, a clamping bolt is assembled on the upper arm and/or the lower arm through a thread, a gasket for clamping the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the structural member is further arranged at a jacking end of the clamping bolt, and the clamping bolt and the gasket jointly form the clamping structure.
7. The platform for testing the natural vibration characteristics of a structural member as recited in claim 1, wherein a rotating bearing is disposed between the assembly hole of the limiting support and the corresponding fixture.
8. The platform for testing the natural vibration characteristics of a structural member as claimed in claim 3, wherein the support further comprises a base plate, a threaded hole is further formed in the base plate at a position corresponding to the bolt hole of the support, and the fastening bolt is matched with the threaded hole so that the support and the base plate are clamped and fixed on the base in an up-and-down manner.
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| CN201910202177.2A CN109990963B (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | Self-vibration characteristic test platform of structural member |
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| CN201910202177.2A CN109990963B (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | Self-vibration characteristic test platform of structural member |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110907829A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-24 | 永昌控股集团有限公司 | Length-adjustable tubular motor test tool |
| CN110907830A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-24 | 永昌控股集团有限公司 | Tubular motor life test machine |
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