CN109986850B - Lithium ion battery and aluminum plastic film - Google Patents

Lithium ion battery and aluminum plastic film Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109986850B
CN109986850B CN201711475773.5A CN201711475773A CN109986850B CN 109986850 B CN109986850 B CN 109986850B CN 201711475773 A CN201711475773 A CN 201711475773A CN 109986850 B CN109986850 B CN 109986850B
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layer
thickness
micrometers
aluminum
plastic film
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CN109986850A (en
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马云建
喻鸿钢
张玮
郭颍歌
金海族
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/041—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
    • H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
    • H01M50/124—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/584—Scratch resistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/73—Hydrophobic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/752—Corrosion inhibitor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/10—Batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium ion battery and an aluminum-plastic film, wherein the aluminum-plastic film comprises a protective layer, a first bonding layer, a high temperature resistant layer, a second bonding layer, an aluminum foil layer, a third bonding layer and a heat sealing layer, the first bonding layer is arranged between the protective layer and the high temperature resistant layer, the second bonding layer is arranged between the high temperature resistant layer and the aluminum foil layer, and the third bonding layer is arranged between the aluminum foil layer and the heat sealing layer. Compared with the prior art, the aluminum plastic film has the advantages of electrolyte corrosion resistance, water resistance, oxygen isolation, high temperature resistance, explosion resistance, strong packaging bonding force and the like, can be widely popularized and applied to the flexible package lithium ion battery, and the obtained lithium ion battery has strong heat resistance, high safety performance and long service life.

Description

Lithium ion battery and aluminum plastic film
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a lithium ion battery and an aluminum plastic film.
Background
The lithium ion battery is widely applied to the fields of digital products and electric automobiles, and the packaging form of the outer packaging shell of the lithium ion battery mainly comprises a cylindrical shell, a square shell and a soft aluminum-plastic film. Compare other encapsulating material, aluminum-plastic film packaging battery is when electric core thermal runaway, and the banding can be broken by the dashing earlier, can release the gas that produces in the lithium ion battery use, prevents the battery explosion, and simultaneously, the soft packet of electric core space utilization who adopts the aluminum-plastic film packaging is high, and energy density is high. However, the soft package aluminum-plastic film package also has the problems of easy scratching, poor package air tightness, package corrosion and the like.
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant, and scratch resistant aluminum plastic film and a lithium ion battery, so as to improve the thermal resistance and safety of the lithium ion battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provide a high-temperature-resistant, corrosion-resistant and scratch-resistant aluminum-plastic film and a lithium ion battery, and improve the heat resistance and safety performance of the lithium ion battery.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an aluminum-plastic film, which includes a protective layer, a first adhesive layer, a high temperature resistant layer, a second adhesive layer, an aluminum foil layer, a third adhesive layer, and a heat seal layer, wherein the first adhesive layer is interposed between the protective layer and the high temperature resistant layer, the second adhesive layer is interposed between the high temperature resistant layer and the aluminum foil layer, and the third adhesive layer is interposed between the aluminum foil layer and the heat seal layer. The protective layer, the first bonding layer, the high-temperature-resistant layer, the second bonding layer, the aluminum foil layer, the third bonding layer and the heat-sealing layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the protective layer and the high-temperature-resistant layer are bonded through the first bonding layer, the high-temperature-resistant layer and the aluminum foil layer are bonded through the second bonding layer, and the aluminum foil layer and the heat-sealing layer are bonded through the third bonding layer.
As an improvement of the aluminum-plastic film, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer is 10-35 μm, the high-temperature resistant layer is mainly used for preventing explosion caused by instant violent reaction of external high-temperature environment on the inside of a lithium ion battery and protecting the safety of the battery, the heat-resistant effect cannot be guaranteed due to too thin thickness, and the heat dissipation is not facilitated due to too thick thickness.
As an improvement of the aluminum-plastic film, the high-temperature-resistant layer material is one or more of carbon fiber, silicon carbide, reinforced C-C composite material, yttria-stabilized zirconia material and borosilicate carbon.
As an improvement of the aluminum-plastic film, the high-temperature-resistant layer material is one, two or three of carbon fiber, silicon carbide, a reinforced C-C composite material, an yttria-stabilized zirconia material and borosilicate carbon, when the high-temperature-resistant layer material is two, the mass ratio of the two substances is 1: 10-10: 1, and when the high-temperature-resistant layer material is three, the mass ratio of the three substances is (0.1-1): 0.1-1).
As an improvement of the aluminum plastic film, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 1-5 μm, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 1-5 μm, and the thickness of the third bonding layer is 1-5 μm. The first bonding layer is mainly used for bonding the protective layer and the high-temperature-resistant layer, the second bonding layer is mainly used for bonding the high-temperature-resistant layer and the aluminum foil layer, and the third bonding layer is mainly used for bonding the aluminum foil layer and the heat-sealing layer, so that two adjacent layers are bonded with each other, and the adjacent layered structure is prevented from falling off.
As an improvement of the aluminum plastic film, the adhesive materials used for the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer and the third adhesive layer are one or more of acrylic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane.
As an improvement of the aluminum-plastic film, the protective layer is a nylon casting film protective layer, the thickness of the protective layer is 15-50 microns, the protective layer is mainly used for protecting an aluminum foil in the aluminum-plastic film, the aluminum foil is prevented from being damaged due to external force scraping and the like, meanwhile, air and particularly oxygen can be effectively prevented from permeating, a water-free and oxygen-free environment in the battery is maintained, good deformation capacity of the aluminum foil is guaranteed, the protective layer is too thin and cannot effectively prevent oxygen in the air from permeating, and the energy density of the battery is influenced if the protective layer is too thick.
As an improvement of the aluminum-plastic film, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 20-45 μm, and the aluminum foil layer is mainly used for effectively preventing moisture outside the battery from permeating into the battery and preventing the external environment from damaging the battery, and the aluminum-plastic film has the advantages of affecting the strength of the aluminum-plastic film when being too thin, increasing the weight of the battery when being too thick and being not beneficial to heat conduction.
As an improvement of the aluminum-plastic film, the thickness of the heat sealing layer is 20-40 μm, the heat sealing layer is mainly used for packaging the aluminum-plastic film, simultaneously the aluminum-plastic film is prevented from being dissolved and swelled by organic solvents in a battery, the internal environment of the battery is directly protected, internal electrolytes and the like are effectively prevented from contacting with the aluminum foil layer, the aluminum foil layer is prevented from being corroded, the aluminum foil layer cannot be effectively insulated and protected due to too thin thickness, and the heat dissipation and pit punching effects are influenced due to too thick thickness.
As an improvement of the aluminum-plastic film, the total thickness of the aluminum-plastic film is 60-180 mu m, the aluminum-plastic film is too thin and is easy to scratch, the packaging air tightness is poor, the safety of the battery is not favorably protected effectively, the weight of the battery is increased if the aluminum-plastic film is too thick, and the purposes of light weight and low cost are not favorably realized.
As an improvement of the aluminum plastic film, the heat sealing layer is a polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer.
The invention also provides a lithium ion battery which comprises the aluminum-plastic film.
Compared with the prior art, the aluminum plastic film is tightly bonded among the protective layer, the high temperature resistant layer, the aluminum foil layer and the heat seal layer through the bonding material to form an integral layered structure, thereby not only preventing external water vapor and oxygen from entering to influence the performance of electrolyte, but also avoiding instant violent reaction caused by external high temperature environment to the inside of the lithium ion battery, having explosion-proof function, and has good packaging effect, can not be dissolved and swelled by organic solvent in the battery, can not cause peeling of each layer due to external environment in the using process, under the condition of tight adhesion between layers, the synergistic effect can be realized, and the coating has the advantages of electrolyte corrosion resistance, water resistance, oxygen isolation, high temperature resistance, explosion resistance, strong packaging bonding force and the like, the method can be widely popularized and applied to the soft package lithium ion battery, and the finally obtained lithium ion battery has strong heat resistance, high safety and long service life.
Drawings
The lithium ion battery and the aluminum plastic film of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aluminum-plastic film according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
10-a protective layer; 20-a first tie layer; 30-high temperature resistant layer; 40-a second tie layer; 50-aluminum foil layer; 60-a third tie layer; 70-heat seal layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the aluminum plastic film of the present invention includes a protective layer 10, a first adhesive layer 20, a high temperature resistant layer 30, a second adhesive layer 40, an aluminum foil layer 50, a third adhesive layer 60, and a heat seal layer 70, wherein the first adhesive layer 20 is between the protective layer 10 and the high temperature resistant layer 30, the second adhesive layer 40 is between the high temperature resistant layer 30 and the aluminum foil layer 50, and the third adhesive layer 60 is between the aluminum foil layer 50 and the heat seal layer 70. The protective layer 10, the first bonding layer 20, the high-temperature resistant layer 30, the second bonding layer 40, the aluminum foil layer 50, the third bonding layer 60 and the heat seal layer 70 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the protective layer 10 and the high-temperature resistant layer 30 are bonded through the first bonding layer 20, the high-temperature resistant layer 30 and the aluminum foil layer 50 are bonded through the second bonding layer 40, and the aluminum foil layer 50 and the heat seal layer 70 are bonded through the third bonding layer 60.
The inventor of the application finds that a high temperature resistant layer containing carbon fiber, silicon carbide, reinforced C-C composite material, yttria stabilized zirconia material, borosilicate carbon and other materials is arranged in an aluminum plastic film, and the material has the advantages of stable chemical property, high thermal conductivity, small thermal expansion coefficient, oxidation resistance, good wear resistance and the like, so that the material can play a role of a skeleton when being applied to the aluminum plastic film as the high temperature resistant layer.
Example 1
1) Preparation of negative plate
Mixing artificial graphite serving as a negative electrode active material, a carbon black conductive agent SP, styrene butadiene rubber serving as a binder and CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose) serving as a thickening agent according to a weight ratio of 96.2:1.5:1.5:0.8, adding deionized water serving as a solvent, and stirring and mixing uniformly under a vacuum condition to obtain negative electrode slurry; and uniformly coating the negative electrode slurry on a copper foil of a negative electrode current collector, drying at 80-90 ℃, cold pressing, trimming, cutting into pieces, slitting, and drying at 110 ℃ for 4 hours under a vacuum condition to obtain the negative electrode piece.
2) Preparation of positive plate
LiNi serving as a positive electrode active material1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2(NCM333), a carbon black conductive agent SP and a binder polyvinylidene fluoride are mixed according to the weight ratio of 97:2:1, a solvent N-methyl pyrrolidone is added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed uniformly under the vacuum condition to obtain anode slurry; and uniformly coating the positive slurry on a positive current collector aluminum foil, drying at 85 ℃, then carrying out cold pressing, trimming, cutting and slitting, and drying at 85 ℃ for 4 hours under a vacuum condition to obtain the positive plate.
3) Lithium ion battery preparation
Polyethylene film was used as the separator.
The electrolyte consists of a non-aqueous organic solvent and LiPF6Composition of LiPF6The concentration of the electrolyte is 1mol/L, and the non-aqueous organic solvent consists of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and 1, 2-propylene carbonate according to the volume ratio of 1:1: 1.
And sequentially stacking the positive plate, the isolating film and the negative plate to enable the isolating film to be positioned between the positive plate and the negative plate to play an isolating role, and then winding the positive plate, the isolating film and the negative plate into a square bare cell with the thickness of 8mm, the width of 168mm and the length of 188 mm. And (2) filling the bare cell into an aluminum plastic film with the total thickness of 68 microns, wherein the protective layer is a nylon casting film protective layer with the thickness of 15 microns, the first bonding layer is made of acrylic resin and is 1 micron, the high-temperature-resistant layer is made of silicon carbide fibers and is 10 microns, the second bonding layer is made of acrylic resin and is 1 micron, the aluminum foil layer is 20 microns, the third bonding layer is made of acrylic resin and is 1 micron, the heat sealing layer is a polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer and is 20 microns, vacuum baking is carried out for 10 hours at 75 ℃, and electrolyte is injected and vacuum packaging is carried out to obtain the soft package battery. The battery is subjected to activation treatment after standing for 24h, the activation treatment is firstly carried out by charging to 4.2V at a constant current of 0.1C, then constant voltage charging is carried out at 4.2V at 0.05C, then discharging to 3.0V at a constant current of 0.1C, charging and discharging cycles are repeated for 2 times, and finally the battery is charged at a constant current of 0.1C, the charging voltage is 3.8V, and the activation process is completed.
Examples 2 to 25 are substantially the same as example 1, except that the materials and thicknesses of the structural layers of the aluminum-plastic film in the battery are different, and the specific parameters are shown in table 1.
Example 2
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 10 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 4 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 25 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 89 micrometers.
Example 3
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 2.5 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 15 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 2.5 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 28 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 2.5 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat-sealing layer is 25 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 100.5 micrometers.
Example 4
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 30 μm, the first bonding layer material is polyurethane, the thickness is 2 μm, and the high temperature resistant layer material is yttria stabilized zirconia material (ZrO)2Y) with the thickness of 25 μm, the second bonding layer is made of polyurethane with the thickness of 2 μm, the aluminum foil layer is 30 μm thick, the third bonding layer is made of polyurethane with the thickness of 2 μm, the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 30 μm thick, and the aluminum plastic film is 121 μm in total thickness.
Example 5
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 5 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 35 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 115 micrometers, wherein the first bonding layer is an acrylic resin/polyurethane mixture, the high-temperature-resistant layer is a silicon carbide fiber/carbon fiber mixture with the mass ratio of 1:1, and the second bonding layer is an acrylic resin/polyurethane mixture.
Example 6
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 50 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 5 micrometers which is made of acrylic resin/epoxy resin mixture, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is silicon carbide and is 10 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 1 micrometer which is made of epoxy resin, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 35 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 3 micrometers which is made of acrylic resin/polyurethane/epoxy resin mixture, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 25 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 129 micrometers.
Example 7
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 25 mu m, the first bonding layer material is epoxy resin and is 1.5 mu m, and the high-temperature-resistant layer material is silicon carbide fiber/ZrO with the mass ratio of 1:52-Y mixture with thickness of 30 μm, second adhesive layer material of acrylic resin with thickness of 2 μm, aluminum foil layer thickness of 40 μm, third adhesive layer material of acrylic resin with thickness of 5 μm, polypropylene cast film heat seal layer thickness of 20 μm, and aluminum plastic film total thickness of 123.5 μm.
Example 8
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 40 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer is 15 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 1.5 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 3.5 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 30 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 117 micrometers.
Example 9
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 4 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer is 18 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 2.5 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 30 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 1 micrometer, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 35 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 110.5 micrometers.
Example 10
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 25 μm, the first bonding layer material is acrylic resin and is 2.5 μm, and the high temperature resistant layer material is ZrO2Y, the thickness is 22 μm, the material of the second bonding layer is epoxy resin and is 3 μm, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 25 μm, the material of the third bonding layer is epoxy resin and is 2.5 μm, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 25 μm, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 105 μm.
Example 11
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 15 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 30 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 4 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 1.5 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 40 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 113.5 micrometers.
Example 12
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 50 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 5 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 30 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 5 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 45 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 5 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 40 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 180 micrometers.
Example 13
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 15 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 1 micrometer, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 25 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 90 micrometers.
Example 14
The thickness of the protective layer of the nylon casting film is 45 micrometers, the material of the first bonding layer is epoxy resin, the thickness is 3 micrometers, the material of the high-temperature-resistant layer is ZrO2-Y, the thickness is 25 micrometers, the material of the second bonding layer is epoxy resin, the thickness is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 35 micrometers, the material of the third bonding layer is epoxy resin, the thickness is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the heat sealing layer of the polypropylene casting film is 30 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 144 micrometers.
Example 15
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 15 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat-sealing layer is 25 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 91 micrometers, wherein the first bonding layer is made of acrylic resin and is a silicon carbide fiber/carbon fiber mixture in a mass ratio of 1: 10.
Example 16
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 35 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 0.5 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 45 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 5.5 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 30 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 144 micrometers.
Example 17
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 5.5 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is reinforced C-C composite material, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 0.5 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat seal layer is 25 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 93 micrometers.
Example 18
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 35 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 5.5 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 35 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 126.5 micrometers.
Example 19
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 10 mu m, the material of the first bonding layer is acrylic resin, the thickness is 1 mu m, and the material of the high-temperature resistant layer is silicon carbide/ZrO with the mass ratio of 10:12Y mixture with the thickness of 20 μm, the second bonding layer is made of epoxy resin and has the thickness of 2 μm, the aluminum foil layer is 20 μm, the third bonding layer is made of acrylic resin and has the thickness of 2.5 μm, the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer has the thickness of 25 μm, and the aluminum plastic film has the total thickness of 80.5 μm.
Example 20
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 55 mu m, the first bonding layer material is epoxy resin and is 3 mu m, and the high-temperature-resistant layer material is silicon carbide fiber/reinforced C-C composite material/ZrO with the mass ratio of 1:1:12Y mixture with the thickness of 35 μm, the second bonding layer material is epoxy resin with the thickness of 3 μm, the aluminum foil layer thickness is 25 μm, the third bonding layer material is polyurethane/epoxy resin mixture with the thickness of 4.5 μm, the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer thickness is 30 μm, and the aluminum plastic film total thickness is 155.5 μm.
Example 21
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 3.5 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 15 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 15 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 1 micrometer, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 25 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 81.5 micrometers.
Example 22
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 35 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 4.5 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 50 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat-sealing layer is 20 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum-plastic film is 140.5 micrometers.
Example 23
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 1.5 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 2.5 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 15 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 86 micrometers.
Example 24
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 35 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 3.5 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 40 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 3.5 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat seal layer is 45 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 155 micrometers.
Example 25
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 35 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 35 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 30 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 30 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 139 micrometers.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 is substantially the same as the example except that the aluminum plastic film of comparative example 1 does not contain a high temperature resistant layer material layer. The materials and the thicknesses of all layers in the aluminum-plastic film are as follows:
the thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 35 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer material is epoxy resin and is 3 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 45 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer material is epoxy resin and is 4 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 30 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 117 micrometers.
Comparative example 2
The thickness of the nylon casting film protective layer is 20 micrometers, the thickness of the first bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the high-temperature-resistant layer is 5 micrometers, the thickness of the second bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the aluminum foil layer is 25 micrometers, the thickness of the third bonding layer is 2 micrometers, the thickness of the polypropylene casting film heat sealing layer is 25 micrometers, and the total thickness of the aluminum plastic film is 81 micrometers.
TABLE 1 materials and thicknesses of various structural layers of aluminum plastic films of examples 1-25 and comparative examples 1-2
Figure BDA0001532792660000111
Figure BDA0001532792660000121
Figure BDA0001532792660000131
Nail penetration test
Taking 3 cells activated in each example and comparative example in an environment of 25 +/-2 ℃, charging the cells to 4.2V at a constant current of 1C, then discharging the cells to 3.0V at a constant current of 1C, and finally fully charging the cells at a constant current of 1C; 3 batteries of stack arrangement form the group battery, and 3 batteries number 1#, 2#, 3# in proper order, later fix it on special drift pin anchor clamps, use the diameter to be 5 mm's steel nail, puncture 1# battery at the speed of 25mm/s, and the steel nail only punctures 1# battery, does not contact 2# and 3# battery, under 1# battery thermal runaway condition, observes the phenomenon of 2# and 3# battery. The test results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 test results of the examples and comparative examples
Battery numbering Type of aluminum-plastic film Test results
Example 1 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 2 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 3 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 4 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 5 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 6 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 7 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 8 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 9 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 10 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 11 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 12 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 13 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 14 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 15 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 16 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 17 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 18 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 19 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 20 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 21 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 22 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 23 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 24 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Example 25 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure No fire and no smoke
Comparative example 1 Does not contain a high temperature resistant layer structure 2# and 3# batteries are on fire
Comparative example 2 Containing a high temperature resistant layer structure The No. 2 battery is on fire, the No. 3 battery is not on fire and is not smoking
As can be seen from the experimental results in table 2, in the test cell of comparative example 1, since the aluminum plastic film does not contain the high temperature resistant layer, in the 3 tested cells, after the fire of the 1# cell subjected to the nail penetration test fails, the 2# cell in the middle position is also subjected to thermal runaway due to heat melting, and the 3# cell is subjected to fire runaway.
Comparative example 2 battery test result shows that after the 1# battery that carries out the through-nail test became invalid on fire, the 2# battery that is in the intermediate position also takes place the thermal runaway to strike fire because of being heated and melting, and 3# battery did not strike fire, did not smoke, and the main reason is in 3 batteries tested, and the thickness of high temperature resistant layer is too thin in the plastic-aluminum membrane, can't reach high temperature resistant effect, leads to after the 1# battery struck fire, influences the performance of adjacent 2# battery.
As can be seen from examples 1 to 25, the aluminum-plastic films all contain the high temperature resistant layer, and the high temperature resistant layer contains silicon carbide fiber, silicon carbide, reinforced C-C composite material and ZrO2Materials such as-Y, borosilicate carbon and the like have good heat resistance, adjacent batteries cannot be melted even if tested 1# batteries are heated out of control, and the safety of the batteries can be ensured, wherein the materials mainly comprise silicon carbide fibers, silicon carbide, reinforced C-C composite materials and ZrO2Y, borosilicate carbon and other materials play a role of a skeleton in the aluminum plastic film, and the possibility of directly igniting internal materials is avoided in the time of fire when the adjacent battery fails, so that the function of preventing heat spreading is realized.
With the above description, compared with the prior art, the aluminum plastic film of the present invention is tightly bonded between the nylon casting film protective layer, the high temperature resistant layer, the aluminum foil layer and the polypropylene casting film heat seal layer by the bonding material to form an integral layered structure, which can prevent external water vapor and oxygen from entering and affecting the electrolyte performance, and avoid instant violent reaction of external high temperature environment to the inside of the lithium ion battery, and has the advantages of explosion-proof effect, good packaging effect, no dissolution and swelling by organic solvent in the battery, no peeling of each layer due to external environment in the using process, and strong synergistic effect under the condition of tight bonding between layers, electrolyte corrosion resistance, water resistance, oxygen insulation, high temperature resistance, explosion-proof and strong packaging bonding force, etc., and can be widely popularized and applied to the soft package lithium ion battery, and the finally obtained lithium ion battery has strong heat resistance, high safety and long service life.
The present invention can be modified and adapted appropriately from the above-described embodiments, according to the principles described above. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims (8)

1. An aluminum plastic film is characterized by comprising a protective layer, a first bonding layer, a high temperature resistant layer, a second bonding layer, an aluminum foil layer, a third bonding layer and a heat sealing layer, wherein the first bonding layer is arranged between the protective layer and the high temperature resistant layer, the second bonding layer is arranged between the high temperature resistant layer and the aluminum foil layer, and the third bonding layer is arranged between the aluminum foil layer and the heat sealing layer; the thickness of the high-temperature resistant layer is 15-35 mu m, and the material of the high-temperature resistant layer is one or two of silicon carbide fiber and reinforced C-C composite material.
2. The aluminum-plastic film of claim 1, wherein the first adhesive layer has a thickness of 1-5 μm, the second adhesive layer has a thickness of 1-5 μm, and the third adhesive layer has a thickness of 1-5 μm.
3. The aluminum-plastic composite film of claim 1, wherein the adhesive material used for the first adhesive layer, the second adhesive layer and the third adhesive layer is one or more of acrylic resin, epoxy resin and polyurethane.
4. The aluminum-plastic film as recited in claim 1, wherein the protective layer is a nylon cast film protective layer, and the thickness of the protective layer is 15-50 μm.
5. The aluminum-plastic composite film of claim 1, wherein the aluminum foil layer has a thickness of 20 to 45 μm.
6. The aluminum-plastic composite film of claim 1, wherein the heat seal layer has a thickness of 20 to 40 μm.
7. The aluminum-plastic composite film of claim 1, wherein the heat seal layer is a polypropylene cast film heat seal layer.
8. A lithium ion battery, comprising an aluminum plastic film, wherein the aluminum plastic film is the aluminum plastic film according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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