CN109986506B - Adjustable bolt pre-tightening device and bolt tightening method - Google Patents
Adjustable bolt pre-tightening device and bolt tightening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109986506B CN109986506B CN201910247836.4A CN201910247836A CN109986506B CN 109986506 B CN109986506 B CN 109986506B CN 201910247836 A CN201910247836 A CN 201910247836A CN 109986506 B CN109986506 B CN 109986506B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
- B25B27/14—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same
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Abstract
The invention provides an adjustable bolt pre-tightening device and a method for tightening a bolt, wherein the device comprises: the device comprises a fixed cover, a supporting seat, a cam toothed ring, a sliding block and a bolt clamping mechanism, wherein the fixed cover is arranged at the top end of the device and used for inserting a torque wrench, the supporting seat is connected with the fixed cover and used for supporting the whole device, the cam toothed ring is sleeved on the periphery of the supporting seat and axially rotates along the supporting seat to adjust the aperture of a bolt, and the sliding block is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cam toothed ring and used; and a locking block for preventing the cam ring gear from rotating. The adjustable bolt pre-tightening device provided by the invention is suitable for head bolts with various specifications, and solves the problem that the specification of a bolt pre-tightening sleeve is single; the structure is firm, and the device is not easy to damage when a large torque is used; the bolt is tightly installed and clamped, the harmful clearance between the pre-tightening device and the bolt is reduced, and the service life of the pre-tightening device is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of manufacturing, in particular to installation and disassembly of a torque wrench on a bolt and a nut in equipment manufacturing.
Background
In the field of mechanical manufacturing, threaded connection is widely and frequently applied, and a torque wrench has the advantages of large torque, high precision, high torsion efficiency and the like as a common tool for mounting and dismounting a hexagonal head bolt. The torque wrench pretensions the bolt through the bolt sleeve, one end of the sleeve is a square hole connected with the torque wrench, and the other end of the sleeve is a hexagonal hole matched with a hexagonal head of the bolt.
However, the bolt sleeves are forged parts, each sleeve can only be applied to a hexagon bolt with one specification, the specifications of the bolt are various according to the design requirements of products, and a large number of bolt sleeves with different specifications need to be prepared in production and manufacturing, so that the following problems can be brought: 1. the purchase quantity is large, and the manufacturing cost is increased; 2. the time consumed by repeatedly replacing the bolt sleeve affects the working efficiency; 3. when the specifications which are difficult to match are met, a new type of sleeve needs to be purchased again, and the production progress is delayed; 4. too many kinds and amounts are inconvenient to manage.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a bolt socket with adjustable specifications for a torque wrench and a method for fastening a bolt, which is more convenient and efficient to apply in manufacturing.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and, as a result, have found that: the adjustable extrusion is formed on the sliding block on the supporting seat by arranging the cam gear ring with concave-convex parts uniformly distributed on the inner wall matched with the fixed cover and the supporting seat; the elastic adjustment of the sliding block is matched with the spring stop pin, so that the sliding block is always abutted against the cam gear ring. Spaces for clamping the bolts are formed among the plurality of sliding blocks, the clamping spaces can be easily adjusted by rotating the cam ring gear, and the adjustment of bolts with different specifications is realized, thereby completing the invention.
One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an adjustable bolt pre-tightening device, which comprises:
a fixing cover 1 arranged at the top end of the device for inserting a torque wrench,
a supporting seat 2 which is connected with the fixed cover 1 and supports the whole device,
a cam gear ring 3 which is sleeved on the periphery of the supporting seat 2 and rotates along the axial direction of the supporting seat 2 to adjust the aperture of the bolt,
a sliding block 4 which is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cam gear ring 3 and used for clamping the bolt is arranged on the supporting seat 2; and the combination of (a) and (b),
and a locking block 5 for preventing the cam ring gear 3 from rotating.
The fixed cover 1 comprises a cover plate 1-1 and a locking block rotating shaft 1-2;
a square hole for inserting a torque wrench is formed in the upper end of the center of the cover plate 1-1;
the locking block rotating shafts 1-2 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the side face of the cover plate 1-1 and are inserted into the shaft holes in the upper end of the locking block 5, so that the locking block 5 is fixed with the cover plate 1-1 and can rotate along the locking block rotating shafts 1-2.
In addition, the lower end of the fixed cover 1 is detachably connected with a spring stop pin 6;
the spring catch 6 moves relative to the slide 4 and forces the slide 4 against the inner wall of the cam ring 3 via the resilient member 8.
The upper end of the supporting seat 2 is upwards and circumferentially protruded with a plurality of limiting blocks 2-2 along the height direction or the axis vertical direction;
a sliding groove 2-1 for installing and moving the sliding block 4 is formed between the adjacent limiting blocks 2-2.
The limiting blocks 2-2 are sectors with set heights and are circumferentially and uniformly arranged at the edge of the supporting seat 2 close to the outer side;
the runner 2-1 extends radially inside the support seat 2.
Furthermore, the lower end of the outer side of the limiting block 2-2 is provided with a groove which extends along the circumferential direction of the supporting seat 2 and has the same height, and the groove forms a mounting groove C for placing the cam gear ring 3.
At the intersection of the upper end of the side wall of the supporting seat 2 and the limiting block 2-2, a boss e for positioning and rotating the cam gear ring 3 is formed by annularly and downwards sinking.
The inner side of the cam gear ring 3 is of a concave-convex uniformly-distributed polygonal structure, and the outer side of the cam gear ring is provided with a gear;
a rotating groove E matched with the boss E of the supporting seat 2 is circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the cam gear ring 3.
The top end of the sliding block 4 is provided with a clamping groove 4-1 matched with the spring stop pin 6 so as to place an elastic component 8 and allow the spring stop pin 6 to slide;
the surface of the cambered surface of the sliding block 4 facing the outer side wall of the supporting seat 2 is a cambered surface and is contacted with the inner wall of the cam gear ring 3.
Wherein the locking block 5 comprises a locking plate 5-1 and a tooth block 5-2;
the middle part of the locking plate 5-1 is provided with a tooth-shaped block 5-2, and the tooth-shaped block 5-2 is provided with a rack meshed with the tooth form at the outer side of the cam ring gear 3.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a method for fastening a bolt, which is performed by using the adjustable bolt pre-tightening device, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) a cam gear ring is arranged on the supporting seat;
(2) adjusting the cam gear ring to the maximum specification of the adjustable bolt, installing the sliding block in the sliding chute of the supporting seat to be attached to the cam gear ring, and placing an elastic component in each sliding chute;
(3) connecting the locking block with a rotating shaft of the fixed cover, and fixedly connecting the fixed cover with the supporting seat;
(4) the bolt enters a clamping space formed by the sliding blocks through a through hole at the bottom of the supporting seat, the cam gear ring is rotated to enable the sliding blocks to be contacted with the side surface of the bolt head, and when the cam gear ring cannot rotate continuously, the locking blocks are turned over and fall down to enable the tooth-shaped blocks to be meshed with the cam gear ring;
(5) and the bolt is pre-tightened and disassembled by matching with a torque wrench.
The adjustable bolt pre-tightening device provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the adjustable bolt pre-tightening device provided by the invention is suitable for bolts with various specifications, particularly for hexagonal bolts, and solves the problem that the specification of a bolt pre-tightening sleeve is single;
(2) the adjustable bolt pre-tightening device provided by the invention is simple in adjustment method and convenient to use;
(3) the adjustable bolt pre-tightening device provided by the invention is tightly clamped on the bolt, so that the harmful clearance between the pre-tightening device and the bolt is reduced, and the service life of the pre-tightening device is prolonged;
(4) the adjustable bolt pre-tightening device provided by the invention is firm in connection structure and is not easy to damage when a larger torque is used;
(5) the adjustable bolt pre-tightening device provided by the invention is novel in design and strong in universality, and can be applied to the design of triangular head bolts, square head bolts and other bolt pre-tightening devices.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a three-dimensional structural view of a pretensioning device in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a schematic side view of a pretensioning device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; b shows a schematic top view of A; c shows an A-A view of A; d shows a B-B view of A.
Fig. 3 a is a schematic structural view illustrating a fixing cover according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; b shows an A-A view of A.
Fig. 4 a is a schematic structural view illustrating a support seat according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; b shows a schematic side view of A; and C shows a schematic top view of A.
FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a cam tooth ring structure in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention; b shows an A-A view of A.
FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram showing a slider structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; b shows a schematic side view of A; and C shows a schematic top view of A.
FIG. 7A is a schematic diagram showing a locking block structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; b shows a schematic side view of A; c shows an A-A view of A.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing a structure of a spring catch pin according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9A is a schematic diagram showing the contact between the concave-convex surface on the inner side of the cam ring gear and the sliding block when the pre-tightening device is applied to the maximum-sized bolt in the invention; and B, showing a schematic diagram that the concave-convex surface on the inner side of the cam gear ring is contacted with the sliding block when the pre-tightening device is suitable for the minimum specification bolt.
The reference numbers illustrate:
1-fixing the cover; 1-1-cover plate; 1-2-rotation axis; 1-3-via; 2-a support seat; 2-1-chute; 2-2-a limiting block; 3-cam ring gear; 4-a slide block; 4-1-a clamping groove; 5-a locking block; 5-1-locking plate; 5-2-tooth blocks; 6-spring stop pin; 7-connecting bolts; 8-an elastic member; 9-locking bolts; e-boss; a-the maximum bolt specification for which the device is suitable; b-the minimum bolt specification for which the device is suitable; c-mounting grooves; d-cam ring gear inside profile; e-a rotating groove;
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and appreciated from the following detailed description of the invention, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "left" and "right" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on an operating state of the present invention, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The present invention is described in detail below.
The invention provides an adjustable bolt pre-tightening device, as shown in fig. 1, the device comprises:
the device comprises a fixed cover 1 arranged at the top end of the device and used for inserting a torque wrench, a supporting seat 2 connected with the fixed cover 1 and used for supporting the whole device, a cam gear ring 3 sleeved on the periphery of the supporting seat 2 and axially rotating along the supporting seat 2 to adjust the aperture of a bolt, a sliding block 4 tightly attached to the inner wall of the cam gear ring 3 and used for clamping the bolt, and a locking block 5 for preventing the cam gear ring 3 from rotating.
Preferably, as shown in a of fig. 3, the fixing cover 1 includes a cover plate 1-1 and a locking block rotation shaft 1-2. Wherein, the central upper end of the cover plate 1-1 is provided with a square hole for inserting a torque wrench, and in order to better realize the effect of inserting the torque wrench, the size of the square hole is preferably matched with an inserting pin of the torque wrench.
As shown in fig. 3B, which is a view from a-a in fig. 3 a, it can be seen that, in order to fix the fixing cover 1 and the supporting seat 2, a through hole 1-3 is provided around the square hole on the cover plate 1-1, and the fixing cover 1 and the supporting seat 2 are fixed by bolting.
As shown in A in figure 2, the locking block rotating shafts 1-2 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the side surface of the cover plate 1-1, and the locking block rotating shafts 1-2 are inserted into the shaft holes at the upper ends of the locking blocks 5, so that the locking blocks 5 are fixed with the cover plate 1-1 and can rotate along the locking block rotating shafts 1-2.
In order to improve the locking effect of the locking blocks 5 on the cam gear ring 3 and prevent the cam gear ring 3 from moving and weakening the clamping effect on the bolt, a plurality of locking block rotating shafts 1-2 are generally arranged, preferably 2-4, for example 3 are arranged.
In the pretensioning device provided by the invention, the lower end of the fixed cover 1 is detachably connected with a spring stop pin 6.
Further, as shown in fig. 3B and fig. 1, a screw hole for connecting the spring catch 6 is further provided at the lower end of the cover plate 1-1. The spring stop pin 6 moves relative to the slide block 4 mounted on the support seat 2, and the slide block 4 is forced to abut against the inner wall of the cam gear ring 3 through the elastic component 8.
The elastic member 8 is preferably a spring.
The number of the spring stop pins 6 is the same as that of the slide blocks 4.
The supporting seat 2 is a base with the same axis as the fixed cover 1, preferably, the supporting seat 2 and the fixed cover 1 are basically circular when viewed from top, and more preferably, the outer diameters of the supporting seat 2 and the fixed cover 1 are the same, so that the cam ring gear 3 can adjust and fix the fixed cover 1 and the supporting seat 2 at the same time.
As shown in fig. 4 a, a plurality of limiting blocks 2-2 are circumferentially protruded upwards at the upper end of the supporting seat 2 along the height direction or the axis vertical direction, and a sliding groove 2-1 for installing and moving the sliding block 4 is formed between the limiting blocks 2-2. Preferably, the sliding block 4 is in clearance fit with the limiting block 2-2.
The limiting blocks 2-2 are sectors with set heights, are circumferentially and uniformly arranged at the edge of the supporting seat 2 close to the outer side, and the sliding blocks 4 are arranged in the sliding grooves 2-1 between the adjacent limiting blocks 2-2, and correspondingly, the sliding blocks 4 are circumferentially and uniformly arranged on the supporting seat 2.
A through hole for accommodating a bolt is formed in the center of the supporting seat 2, and the limiting blocks 2-2 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the through hole. Preferably, the inner wall of the limiting block 2-2 close to the axis is coplanar with the inner wall of the through hole.
Wherein, the top end of the limiting block 2-2 is provided with a threaded hole corresponding to the through hole 1-3 on the cover plate 1-1, and the through hole 1-3 and the limiting block 2-2 are fixed by the connecting bolt 7, so as to fix the fixed cover 1 and the supporting seat 2, as shown in fig. 2B.
As shown in fig. 4B, the lower end of the outer side of the limiting block 2-2 is provided with grooves with the same height extending along the circumferential direction of the supporting seat 2, and the grooves form mounting grooves C for placing the cam gear ring 3. The cam ring gear 3 is in clearance fit in the mounting groove C and can freely rotate left and right.
In a preferred embodiment, at the intersection of the upper end of the side wall of the supporting seat 2 and the limiting block 2-2, a boss e for positioning and rotating the cam ring gear 3 is formed by annularly and downwardly sinking, as shown in A and B in fig. 4. The height of the boss e is set according to the specification of the fastening bolt.
The number of the limiting blocks 2-2 is consistent with the number of the edges of the bolt to be fastened, for example, 6 limiting blocks are arranged when the bolt is a hexagon bolt, 3 limiting blocks are arranged when the bolt is a triangular bolt, 4 limiting blocks are arranged when the bolt is a four-corner bolt, and 12 limiting blocks are arranged when the bolt is a twelve-corner bolt.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2D, six stoppers 2-2 and six sliders 4 are uniformly arranged on the support base 2, and may be suitable for fastening a hexagon bolt.
The sliding block 4 freely moves in the sliding groove 2-1 between the adjacent limiting blocks 2-2, and preferably, the sliding block 4 and the sliding groove 2-1 meet clearance fit. The sliding groove 2-1 extends radially in the supporting seat 2, so that the sliding block 4 installed therein slides radially along the supporting seat 2 along the sliding groove 2-1 when being subjected to an external force.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in a in fig. 6, the sliding block 4 is a rectangular parallelepiped with a cambered surface, and the cambered surface in the sliding block 4 faces the outer side wall of the supporting seat 2, as shown in D in fig. 2, and contacts with the inner wall of the cam ring gear 3.
The height of the sliding block 4 is the same as that of the limiting block 2-2, so that the sliding block 4 and the limiting block 2-2 are fixed by the fixing cover 1 conveniently, and the sliding block 4 and the limiting block 2-2 are prevented from being loosened in the height direction to influence use.
Preferably, a locking groove 4-1 adapted to the spring catch pin 6 is provided at the top end of the slider 4 for placing the elastic member 8 and allowing the spring catch pin 6 to slide, as shown in C of fig. 2.
The spring catch 6 may be formed in various shapes as long as it can move in the catching groove 4-1 at the top end of the slider 4 and elastically press the elastic member 8.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the spring catch 6 is a cylinder with a ball at one end and a screw thread at the other end for fitting into the screw hole at the lower end of the cover plate 1-1.
Correspondingly, the shape of the clamping groove 4-1 is matched with that of the spring stop pin 6, the opening at the upper end of the clamping groove is a cuboid, and the lower end of the clamping groove is a cylinder; the cross section is shown as B in figure 6, the opening at the upper end is rectangular, and the bottom end is circular. Preferably, the width of the rectangular parallelepiped in the retaining groove 4-1 is smaller than the diameter of the cylinder, as shown by C in FIG. 6.
The elastic component 8 is transversely arranged in the cylindrical space of the clamping groove 4-1, and when the spring stop pin 6 extrudes the elastic component 8, the elastic component 8 deforms; because the opening at the upper end of the clamping groove 4-1 is smaller than the cylindrical space at the lower end, the elastic component 8 can only stretch along the cylinder of the clamping groove 4-1; the resilient member 8 acts on the slide 4 forcing the slide 4 outwards and against the inner wall of the cam ring 3.
The cam gear ring 3 is circumferentially sleeved on the peripheries of all the sliding blocks 4 and the limiting blocks 2-2, and the sliding blocks 4 move along the sliding grooves 2-1 by rotating the cam gear ring 3, so that the specification of the applicable bolt is enlarged or reduced; and meanwhile, harmful clearance between the pre-tightening device and the bolt is reduced, and abrasion on the surface of the bolt is reduced.
In the cam ring gear 3 provided by the invention, as shown in A and B in fig. 5, the inner side of the cam ring gear is in a polygonal structure with concave-convex uniform distribution, and the outer side is provided with a gear. The number of the sides of the polygon inside the cam ring gear 3 is the same as the number of the slide blocks 4.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 5 a, the inside of the cam ring gear 3 has a hexagonal structure with six groups of concave-convex uniform distribution. Meanwhile, in the diagram C of fig. 4, D is the cam ring inside profile.
In the cam ring 3, as shown in a in fig. 5, the radial height difference between the crest (inner wall convex portion) and the trough (inner wall concave portion) of the inner concave-convex portion is H, and the value of H is adjusted in accordance with the range of the specification of the bolt to be fastened.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5B, a rotating groove E which is matched with the boss E of the supporting seat 2 is circumferentially arranged at the inner bottom of the cam ring gear 3; preferably, the height of the turning groove E is the same as that of the boss E, so that the cam ring gear 3 can be well rotationally fitted with the support seat 2, as shown in C of fig. 2.
When the cam gear ring 3 is sleeved on the peripheries of the sliding block 4 and the limiting block 2-2, the cam gear ring 3 is rotated, and the inner side wall of the concave-convex structure can extrude the sliding block 4. The slide block 4 moves in the sliding groove 2-1 along with the powerful extrusion of the cam gear ring 3, so that the spring stop pin 6 fixedly connected with the fixed cover 1 slides in the clamping groove 4-1 of the slide block 4, the spring stop pin 6 is always in the clamping groove 4-1 by extruding the ball head of the spring stop pin to the elastic component 8 in the clamping groove 4-1, and the slide block 4 is forced to abut against the inner wall of the cam gear ring 3 by the elastic component 8, as shown in fig. 1.
One end of the sliding block 4 close to the axis is used for clamping the bolt to be fastened, and the sliding blocks 4 form a clamping space for placing and clamping the bolt. Due to the movement of the sliding blocks 4, the clamping space formed by the sliding blocks 4 is changed continuously, so that the clamping device can be suitable for bolts with different specifications, and the radial fixation of the sliding blocks 4 to the bolts and nuts after clamping is realized.
Wherein, the radial height difference H between the wave crest and the wave trough at the inner side of the cam gear ring 3 is the sliding stroke of the slide block 4. When the wave crest (the convex part on the inner wall of the cam gear ring 3) is contacted with the slide block 4, the slide block 4 is positioned at the position of the minimum bolt specification B suitable for the device, as shown in B in figure 9; when the wave trough (concave part on the inner wall of the cam ring gear 3) contacts with the slide block 4, the slide block 4 is positioned at the maximum bolt specification A position suitable for the device, as shown in A in figure 9.
When the cam ring gear 3 is rotated to a desired position, the cam ring gear 3 is fixed using the locking block 5 so that the positions of the fixing cover 1, the support base 2, and the cam ring gear 3 are relatively unchanged.
In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 7 a, the locking block 5 includes a locking plate 5-1 and a toothed block 5-2.
Preferably, the upper end of the locking plate 5-1 is provided with a shaft hole which can be turned over up and down after being connected with a locking block rotating shaft 1-2 on the cover plate 1-1;
further, as shown in B of fig. 7, a through hole is provided at the other end of the locking plate 5-1, and a threaded hole is also provided on the support seat 2 opposite to the through hole, and is fixedly connected with the support seat 2 by a locking bolt 9, as shown in C of fig. 2.
Wherein, a tooth-shaped block 5-2 is arranged in the middle of the locking plate 5-1, and a rack meshed with the tooth shape at the outer side of the cam ring gear 3 is arranged on the tooth-shaped block 5-2, as shown in C in figure 7.
Preferably, the locking plate 5-1 is fixedly connected with the tooth-shaped block 5-2 through welding or threads.
When the cam toothed ring 3 is fixed by using the locking block 5, the rack on the toothed block 5-2 is meshed with the rack on the outer side of the cam toothed ring 3, and is fixedly connected with the supporting seat 2 through the locking bolt 9, so that the cam toothed ring 3 is fixed and the radial fixation of the sliding block after the bolt and the nut are clamped is realized.
When the bolt is clamped by using the pre-tightening device provided by the invention, if the position of the external gear of the cam ring gear 3 cannot be meshed with the toothed block 5-2 in the locking block 5, the cam ring gear 3 can rotate by a stroke within one tooth form to be meshed with the tooth form.
The number of teeth of the cam ring gear 3 is preferably multiple of that of the locking blocks 5, so that the cam ring gear 3 can be meshed with multiple groups of uniformly distributed locking blocks 5 simultaneously.
The smaller the tooth spacing of the outer teeth of the cam ring 3, the more advantageous it is to reduce the harmful clearance between the fastening device and the bolt, avoiding damage to the outer surface of the bolt.
Preferably, the tooth space of the external gear of the cam ring 3 is set to be less than 8mm, preferably 4mm to 6mm, so that the clearance between the sliding block 4 and the bolt after the external teeth of the cam ring 3 are meshed with the internal teeth of the locking block 5 can be reduced, and further the harmful clearance can be reduced.
The adjustable bolt pre-tightening device provided by the invention is firm in connection structure and is not easy to damage when a larger torque is used.
When the pre-tightening device provided by the invention is used,
first, the cam ring gear 3 is mounted on the support base 2: sleeving the cam gear ring 3 into the supporting seat 2 according to the position indicated by the inner profile D of the cam gear ring in fig. 4, and installing the cam gear ring rotating groove E and the boss E of the supporting seat 2 in a matching manner, wherein the cam gear ring 3 and the supporting seat 2 rotate coaxially and are axially fixed in the installation groove C of the supporting seat 2;
secondly, adjusting the cam gear ring to the maximum specification of the adjustable bolt, installing the sliding block in the sliding chute of the supporting seat to be attached to the cam gear ring, and placing an elastic component in each sliding chute;
specifically, the cam ring gear 3 is adjusted to a position shown as A in FIG. 9, which is the maximum specification position of the bolt, the slide block 4 is installed in the slide groove 2-1 of the support seat 2 and is attached to the cam ring gear 3, and an elastic member 8, preferably a spring, is placed in each slide groove 2-1;
finally, the locking block is connected with the rotating shaft of the fixed cover, and the fixed cover is fixedly connected with the supporting seat; further, the locking block 5 is connected with the rotating shaft 1-2 of the fixed cover 1, and the fixed cover 1 is fixedly connected with the supporting seat 2 through the connecting bolt 7. And a spring stop pin 6 is arranged on the inner side of the supporting seat 2, so that the spring stop pin can slide in the sliding groove 2-1 and abut against the elastic component 8, and all parts of the device are installed.
When the installation of each part of this device is finished, rotate cam ring gear 3, slider 4 receives the direction of its inside equipartition concave-convex structure to carry out along the radial synchronous slip of supporting seat 2 to contact with cam ring gear 3 inner wall all the time under the effect of elastic component 8 pressure.
When the pre-tightening device provided by the invention is used, a bolt enters a clamping space formed by the sliding blocks through the through hole at the bottom of the supporting seat, the cam gear ring is rotated to enable the sliding blocks to be contacted with the side surface of the bolt head, and when the cam gear ring cannot rotate continuously, the locking block is turned over and falls down to enable the tooth-shaped block to be meshed with the cam gear ring; and the bolt is pre-tightened and disassembled by matching with a torque wrench.
Furthermore, six sliding blocks 4 are preferably arranged in the pre-tightening device provided by the invention, and the pre-tightening device can be suitable for the most widely used hexagon bolts at present.
When the pre-tightening device is sleeved on the bolt hexagonal head, namely, the bolt hexagonal head extends into a clamping space formed by the six sliding blocks 4 through the through hole at the bottom of the supporting seat 2, the cam gear ring 3 is rotated to enable the six sliding blocks 4 to be in contact with six side faces of the bolt hexagonal head along with the shape of the inner side of the six sliding blocks. When the cam ring gear 3 can not rotate continuously, the locking block 5 is turned over and falls down to enable the tooth block to be meshed with the cam ring gear 3. If the cam ring gear 3 is not meshed with the rack of the gear-shaped block 5-2, the cam ring gear rotates for a stroke within one tooth form to be meshed with the rack, and the locking bolt 9 is pre-tightened to lock the cam ring gear 3 and the supporting seat 2. At the moment, the cam gear ring 3 is fixed, the bolts are clamped by the six sliding blocks 4, and the device can be used for pre-tightening and disassembling bolts of different specifications by matching with a torque wrench.
When the number of the sliding blocks in the pre-tightening device is adjusted and changed, for example, 3, 4, 5 and 12 sliding blocks, the pre-tightening device can be respectively suitable for triangular bolts, four-corner bolts, pentagonal bolts and twelve-corner bolts, and the range of the suitable bolts is very wide; and can be adjusted at will according to actual requirements.
In the pre-tightening device provided by the invention, through arranging the cam gear ring with the concave-convex uniform inner wall, a plurality of groups of sliding blocks can slide along the radial direction of the supporting seat at equal intervals through simple rotation, and the adjustment of bolts and nuts with different specifications within the range of the concave-convex height H is met; and the radial fixation of the slide block after clamping the bolt and the nut is realized through the fixation of the locking block to the rotation of the cam tooth-shaped ring.
The invention has novel design, simple operation and strong universality, solves the problem of single specification of a common torque wrench sleeve, and plays an important role in high efficiency and energy saving in the dismounting of bolts and nuts of various specifications in the manufacturing industry.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An adjustable bolt pretensioning device, characterized in that the device comprises:
a fixed cover (1) arranged at the top end of the device and used for inserting a torque wrench,
a supporting seat (2) which is connected with the fixed cover (1) and supports the whole device,
a cam gear ring (3) which is sleeved on the periphery of the supporting seat (2) and axially rotates along the supporting seat (2) to adjust the aperture of the bolt,
the sliding block (4) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the cam gear ring (3) and used for clamping the bolt and is arranged on the supporting seat (2); and the combination of (a) and (b),
a locking block (5) for preventing the cam ring gear (3) from rotating;
the fixed cover (1) comprises a cover plate (1-1) and a locking block rotating shaft (1-2);
a square hole for inserting a torque wrench is formed in the upper end of the center of the cover plate (1-1);
the locking block rotating shafts (1-2) are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the side surface of the cover plate (1-1) and are inserted into the shaft holes at the upper end of the locking block (5), so that the locking block (5) is fixed with the cover plate (1-1) and can rotate along the locking block rotating shafts (1-2);
the lower end of the fixed cover (1) is detachably connected with a spring stop pin (6);
the spring stop pin (6) and the sliding block (4) move relatively, and the sliding block (4) is forced to abut against the inner wall of the cam gear ring (3) through the elastic component (8);
a clamping groove (4-1) matched with the spring stop pin (6) is formed in the top end of the sliding block (4) to place an elastic component (8) and enable the spring stop pin (6) to slide;
the middle part of the locking block (5) is provided with a tooth-shaped block (5-2), and the tooth-shaped block (5-2) is provided with a rack which is meshed with the tooth shape of the outer side of the cam ring gear (3).
2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper end of the supporting seat (2) is protruded upwards and circumferentially with a plurality of limiting blocks (2-2) along the height direction or the axis vertical direction;
a sliding groove (2-1) for installing and moving the sliding block (4) is formed between the adjacent limiting blocks (2-2).
3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the limiting blocks (2-2) are segments of a set height and are circumferentially and uniformly arranged at the outer edge of the supporting seat (2);
the sliding chute (2-1) extends in the radial direction in the supporting seat (2).
4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer lower end of the limiting block (2-2) is provided with grooves with the same height extending along the circumferential direction of the support seat (2), and the grooves form mounting grooves (C) for placing the cam gear ring (3).
5. The device as claimed in claim 2, wherein a boss (e) for positioning and rotating the cam ring gear (3) is formed at the intersection of the upper end of the side wall of the supporting seat (2) and the limiting block (2-2) by annularly and downwardly sinking.
6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cam ring gear (3) has a polygonal structure with concave-convex uniform distribution on the inner side and a gear on the outer side;
a rotating groove (E) matched with the boss (E) of the supporting seat (2) is circumferentially arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the cam gear ring (3).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910247836.4A CN109986506B (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Adjustable bolt pre-tightening device and bolt tightening method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910247836.4A CN109986506B (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Adjustable bolt pre-tightening device and bolt tightening method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109986506A CN109986506A (en) | 2019-07-09 |
| CN109986506B true CN109986506B (en) | 2020-12-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910247836.4A Active CN109986506B (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | Adjustable bolt pre-tightening device and bolt tightening method |
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| CN (1) | CN109986506B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110666745B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-04-13 | 萧县亿达信息科技有限公司 | Long-strip screw nut screwing device |
| CN111941333A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-11-17 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Multifunctional dismounting device |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH10138157A (en) * | 1996-11-11 | 1998-05-26 | Toyota Motor Corp | Socket |
| US5819607A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1998-10-13 | Carnesi; Thomas | Adjustable socket |
| US9475178B2 (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2016-10-25 | Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. | Adjustable ratcheting socket wrench |
| US9616554B2 (en) * | 2014-10-19 | 2017-04-11 | II William R. Hendrix | Stud installation and removal tool and method of use |
| US9889544B2 (en) * | 2015-11-03 | 2018-02-13 | Shwu-Ruu Chern | Ratchet wrench |
| CN106425951A (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-22 | 王雨琪 | Adjustable spanner |
| CN209774484U (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-12-13 | 哈电集团（秦皇岛）重型装备有限公司 | Bolt preloading device with adjustable |
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