CN109980361A - Array antenna - Google Patents
Array antenna Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109980361A CN109980361A CN201910274356.7A CN201910274356A CN109980361A CN 109980361 A CN109980361 A CN 109980361A CN 201910274356 A CN201910274356 A CN 201910274356A CN 109980361 A CN109980361 A CN 109980361A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- array
- bay
- doublet unit
- array element
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
- H01Q9/285—Planar dipole
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of array antennas, the array antenna includes medium substrate, it is set to the reference stratum at the medium substrate back side and is set to the positive antenna dipole array of medium substrate, antenna dipole array includes first antenna array element disposed in parallel and the second bay, first antenna array element and second bay include the doublet unit of several spaced sets and series connection, each doublet unit in first antenna array element is oppositely arranged with each doublet unit in the second bay, each doublet unit is connect with described with reference to stratum respectively, each doublet unit realizes feed by microstrip transmission line or co-planar waveguide;Antenna dipole array further includes the feed wire being set between first antenna array element and the second bay, and feed wire is for connecting first antenna array element and the second bay.The mode that the application is combined by using series feed and parallelly feeding, it is possible to reduce the insertion loss of feeding network guarantees the gain of antenna.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to antenna technical fields, more particularly to a kind of array antenna.
Background technique
General for array antenna there are two types of feeding classifications: series feed and parallelly feeding, so-called series feed are
Refer to that between antenna element be series relationship, by adjusting distance between each antenna element (i.e. length of transmission line between antenna element)
The excitation phase of realization is identical, once therefore frequency shift (FS), each unit phase shift is different, and beam position is different, and the beamwidth of antenna is just
It can be narrow;And parallelly feeding can realize that feeding point is the same to each antenna element paths, each unit phase can guarantee not with frequency
Rate variation, beam position remains unchanged, therefore broader bandwidth.
For millimeter wave working frequency range, frequency is high and is limited by antenna processing technology and material, and transmission line Insertion Loss is asked
Topic cannot be ignored, and especially to improve the array antenna that gain uses multiple array elements composition, parallelly feeding network will also become non-
It is often huge, first is that insertion loss caused by transmission line is elongated becomes larger, second is that transmission line needs multiple bending or impedance transformation, cause to hinder
It is anti-discontinuously insertion loss to be caused to become larger.Although parallelly feeding reduces beamwidth of antenna loss, loss of radiation efficiency is brought,
Reduce antenna gain.
The method that another kind can effectively promote the beamwidth of antenna is that microstrip antenna dielectric thickness is significantly increased, however, blocked up
Substrate can obtain surface wave mode, higher than basic working modes especially in the biggish situation of the dielectric constant of dielectric-slab
Mode will be motivated, cause directional diagram to distort, and will appear biggish back lobe, cause wave beam assemble effect it is unknown
It is aobvious, reduce antenna entire gain.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary in view of the above-mentioned problems, providing a kind of array antenna.
A kind of array antenna, the array antenna include medium substrate, the reference ground for being set to the medium substrate back side
Layer and it is set to the positive antenna dipole array of the medium substrate,
The antenna dipole array includes first antenna array element disposed in parallel and the second bay, the first antenna
Array element and second bay include the doublet unit of several spaced sets and series connection, the first antenna
Each doublet unit in array element is oppositely arranged with each doublet unit in second bay, each dipole list
Member is connect with described with reference to stratum respectively, and each doublet unit realizes feed by microstrip transmission line or co-planar waveguide;
The antenna dipole array further includes the feedback being set between the first antenna array element and the second bay
Electric lead, the feed wire is for connecting the first antenna array element and the second bay.
Two dipole lists adjacent in the first antenna array element or the second bay in one of the embodiments,
Spacing between member is λ, wherein λ is the wavelength of electromagnetic wave in the medium at the frequency of center.
The first antenna array element includes the first doublet unit, second antenna array in one of the embodiments,
Member includes the second doublet unit being oppositely arranged with first doublet unit, first doublet unit and described the
Spacing between two doublet units is λ/2.
The first antenna array element, the second bay include two antenna subelements in one of the embodiments,
Each antenna subelement includes the shape of at least two series connections, size doublet unit all the same.
In one of the embodiments, each doublet unit include two the first metallic conductors being oppositely arranged and
Second metallic conductor, first metallic conductor and the close one end of second metallic conductor are ground terminal, second gold medal
Belong to conductor and the close one end of first metallic conductor is feed end.
Second metallic conductor passes through micro- with the close one end of first metallic conductor in one of the embodiments,
Band transmission line or co-planar waveguide realize feed.
The array antenna in one of the embodiments, further include:
First connecting line, for connecting the microstrip transmission line of each doublet unit in the first antenna array element
To realize being arranged in series between each doublet unit.
The array antenna in one of the embodiments, further include:
Second connecting line, it is parallel with first connecting line, for by each dipole in second bay
The microstrip transmission line of subelement is connected to realize being arranged in series between each doublet unit.
The feed wire is connected to first connecting line and second connecting line in one of the embodiments,
Middle part, the feed wire are respectively perpendicular to first connecting line and second connecting line.
The array antenna work is in millimeter wave frequency band in one of the embodiments,.
Above-mentioned array antenna may make day by placing one piece with reference to stratum as reflecting surface at the back side of medium substrate
Line can increase antenna income toward the direction radiation opposite with reference to stratum in this way, meanwhile, by using microstrip transmission line or coplanar wave
Lead and connect doublet unit with medium substrate so that array antenna can have low section as microstrip antenna, it is easy of integration,
The advantages that easy processing, further, the antenna dipole array combined by using series feed with parallelly feeding, it is ensured that each
The excitation phase difference of a doublet unit is as beam position, so that the wave beam after array antenna synthesis is narrower, gain also can
It is higher.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the antenna dipole array in an embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the array antenna in an embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the doublet unit in an embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the gain diagram of the array antenna in an embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the S parameter analogous diagram of the array antenna in an embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the S parameter analogous diagram of the doublet unit in an embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The application in order to facilitate understanding is described more fully the application below with reference to relevant drawings.In attached drawing
Give the better embodiment of the application.But the application can realize in many different forms, however it is not limited to herein
Described embodiment.On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is that making to understand more disclosure of this application
Add thorough and comprehensive.
It should be noted that it can directly on the other element when element is referred to as " being fixed on " another element
Or there may also be elements placed in the middle.When an element is considered as " connection " another element, it, which can be, is directly connected to
To another element or it may be simultaneously present centering elements.Term as used herein " vertical ", " horizontal ", " left side ",
" right side " and similar statement for illustrative purposes only, are not meant to be the only embodiment.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein and the technical field for belonging to the application
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.The term used in the description of the present application is intended merely to description tool herein
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in limitation the application.
Compared with other types of antenna, microstrip antenna has that structure is simple, section is low, light-weight and easy and transmission network
The advantages that network or integrated other high-frequency elements, so the often primary selection of millimetre-wave radar product.However microstrip antenna
Radiation theory is to carry out electromagnetic radiation by the gap between patch edges and earth plate, above and below feed direction
Two gaps participate in radiation, also commonly referred to as a kind of gap binary array antenna.To reduce microstrip transmission line chromatic dispersion problem and transmission
TEM mode electromagnetic wave, microstrip antenna choose media plate thickness can be much smaller than wavelength, so the beamwidth of antenna of microstrip antenna also compared with
It is narrow, it will be generally less than the 3% of bandwidth of operation.
Automobile-used millimetre-wave radar, generalling use structure, simply cost is relatively low, and (frequency modulation is continuous by the FMCW of suitable proximity detection
Wave) radar system.Radar antenna launches outward out a series of continuous frequency modulation millimeter waves, and frequency presses the rule of modulation voltage at any time
Variation generally uses continuous triangular wave, then receives the reflected millimeter-wave signal of target, by comparing two groups of signals (hair
Penetrate and receive) time difference of same to frequency point (detection static target) determines the distance between target or two groups of signals most
Difference on the frequency between high frequency points determines the relative velocity between target.According to the above working principle, sampled point known to us
More, target range, speed or the relative angle calculated then can be more acurrate.So high-resolution radar system is then wanted
One is asked than wider bandwidth of operation, and microstrip antenna exactly has apparent disadvantage in the beamwidth of antenna.
Based on this, the application, which wants to provide one kind, can be realized wider bandwidth, and the higher antenna of antenna gain,
The main technical schemes of the application will be illustrated by way of examples below:
Referring to Fig. 1, for the structural schematic diagram of the antenna dipole array in an embodiment provided herein.The dipole
Sub-antenna battle array may include first antenna array element 310, the second bay 320 and feed wire 330.Wherein, first antenna
Array element 310 and the second bay 320 are arranged in parallel, and first antenna array element 310 and the second bay 320 include several etc.
The doublet unit (Fig. 1 is not indicated) that spacing is arranged and is connected in series, can know in first antenna array element 310 from Fig. 1
Each doublet unit be oppositely arranged with each doublet unit in the second bay 320.Feed wire 330 is set to first
Between bay 310 and the second bay 320, for connecting first antenna array element 310 and the second bay 320.?
That is realizing the parallelly feeding between first antenna array element 310 and the second bay 320 by feed wire 330.
Above-mentioned antenna dipole array, by using series feed plus the mode of parallelly feeding, compared to traditional only with string
Connection feed will cause the beamwidth of antenna and narrow, and beam position is different or parallelly feeding will cause loss of radiation efficiency and reduce day
For the mode of line gain, it is possible to reduce the insertion loss of feeding network guarantees the gain of antenna.
Further, referring to Fig. 2, being the structural schematic diagram of the array antenna in an embodiment.The array antenna can be with
Including medium substrate 10, with reference to stratum (Fig. 2 is not indicated) and the aforementioned antenna dipole array.Wherein, it is set with reference to stratum
It is placed in the back side of medium substrate 10, antenna dipole array is set to the front of medium substrate 10, in other words, with reference to stratum and idol
Pole sub-antenna battle array is oppositely arranged, and medium substrate 10 is located in reference between stratum and antenna dipole array.Further, dipole
Each doublet unit in first antenna array element 310 and the second bay 320 in antenna array connects with reference stratum respectively
It connects, each doublet unit realizes feed by microstrip transmission line or co-planar waveguide.Above-mentioned array antenna can work in millimeter
Wave frequency section.
Above-mentioned array antenna may make day by placing one piece with reference to stratum as reflecting surface at the back side of medium substrate
Line can increase antenna income toward the direction radiation opposite with reference to stratum in this way, meanwhile, by using microstrip transmission line or coplanar wave
Lead and connect doublet unit with medium substrate so that array antenna can have low section as microstrip antenna, it is easy of integration,
The advantages that easy processing, further, the antenna dipole array combined by using series feed with parallelly feeding, it is ensured that each
The excitation phase difference of a doublet unit is as beam position, so that the wave beam after array antenna synthesis is narrower, gain also can
It is higher;Further, array antenna is formed by way of parallelly feeding by using two groups of bays disposed in parallel, make
It obtains feeding network and is located at two groups of your outsides of bay, such antenna main lobe may point to the normal orientation of antenna plane, avoid
Antenna main lobe is directed toward direction offset that can be opposite toward feeding network.
It can know in conjunction with Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, though the array antenna impedance bandwidth of the application is narrower than single array-element antenna,
But still more than 6GHz, meet super-resolution radar bandwidth requirement.
In one embodiment, adjacent in first antenna array element 310 or the second bay 320 please continue to refer to Fig. 2
Two doublet units between spacing can be λ, wherein λ be center frequency at the wavelength of electromagnetic wave in the medium.Pass through
λ is set by the spacing between two doublet units adjacent in first antenna array element 310 or the second bay 320,
Again by microstrip transmission line series feed, it may make that the phase difference between each doublet unit is 0, beam position is consistent.
Further, please continue to refer to Fig. 2, first antenna array element 310 may include the first doublet unit 312, and second
Bay 320 may include the second doublet unit 322, wherein the second doublet unit 322 and the first doublet unit
312 are oppositely arranged, and the spacing between the first doublet unit 312 and the second doublet unit 322 is set λ/2 by the application,
Wherein, λ is the wavelength of electromagnetic wave in the medium at the frequency of center.
In one embodiment, it can wrap please continue to refer to Fig. 2, first antenna array element 310 and the second bay 320
Include two antenna subelements (Fig. 2 is not indicated), it is contemplated that under different frequencies, medium wavelength is also different, therefore in difference
Working frequency points under the excitation phase difference of each doublet unit can shift, be lower than center frequency point, so further away from array day
The excitation phase of doublet unit is more in advance at line feed, is higher than center frequency point, then the array element at array antenna feed
Excitation phase lag is more, and beam direction is caused to deviate.So the application is by first antenna array element 310 and the second bay
Each antenna subelement in 320 includes the shape of at least two series connections, size doublet unit all the same.This Shen
It please connect to form antenna subelement using four shape, size doublet units all the same.It is appreciated that single for antenna
The particular number of doublet unit can also be selected according to those skilled in the art's practical operation needs and properties of product in member
It selects and adjusts, do not limit further herein.
In one embodiment, referring to Fig. 3, being the structural schematic diagram of the doublet unit in an embodiment.The dipole
Subelement may include two metallic conductors being oppositely arranged, respectively the first metallic conductor 3002 and the second metallic conductor
3004, the first metallic conductor 3002 and the close one end of the second metallic conductor 3004 are ground terminal, that is, are connected with reference stratum
It connects, can be connect by planar transmission line S2 with reference to stratum;Second metallic conductor 3004 and the first metallic conductor 3002 are close
One end is feed end, that is, is connect with external radio frequency circuit or radio frequency chip.Further, the second metallic conductor 3004 and
One metallic conductor 3002 close one end feed is realized by microstrip transmission line or co-planar waveguide, that is to say, that the second metal is led
Body 3004 and the close one end of the first metallic conductor 3002 are by microstrip transmission line or co-planar waveguide and external radio frequency circuit or penetrate
Feed is realized in the connection of frequency chip.In Fig. 3, S1 indicates microstrip transmission line.Further, the first metallic conductor 3002 and the second metal
Conductor 3004 is sector, and the apex angle of the apex angle of the first metallic conductor 3002 and the second metallic conductor 3004 is oppositely arranged.It can
To understand, the first metallic conductor 3002 and the second metallic conductor 3004 can also be diamond shape or butterfly.Using fan-shaped or water chestnut
Shape perhaps butterfly as doublet unit compared to traditional dipole antenna using rectangle or it is linear for, can have ratio
Preferable bandwidth.Further, the length of the first metallic conductor 3002 and the second metallic conductor 3004 is quarter-wave,
That is λ/4.Second metallic conductor 3004 of the doublet unit in the application passes through microstrip transmission line S1 and medium substrate
10 connections, that is to say, that doublet unit is fed by microstrip transmission line S1, compared to the gap radiation of conventional microstrip antenna, day
Line bore is bigger, and the beamwidth of antenna is also corresponding bigger.
In order to prove that the application doublet unit can be realized wider bandwidth, attached drawing 6 is please referred to, is in an embodiment
Emulate impedance matching figure.From simulation result it can be seen that the return loss of antenna in -10db impedance bandwidth below is more than 7GHz,
Relative bandwidth is about 8%.For the relative bandwidth (3%) of general microstrip antenna, wider bandwidth is realized.
In one embodiment, please continue to refer to Fig. 2, which can also include the first connecting line 314, and first connects
Wiring 314 is used to connect the microstrip transmission line of each doublet unit in first antenna array element 310 to realize each dipole
Being arranged in series between subelement.In other words, the series feed in first antenna array element 310 is by by first antenna array element
The microstrip transmission line of each doublet unit in 310 connects realization.
In one embodiment, please continue to refer to Fig. 2, which can also include the second connecting line 324, with first
Connecting line 314 is parallel, for connecting the microstrip transmission line of each doublet unit in the second bay 320 to realize each idol
Being arranged in series between the subelement of pole.In other words, the series feed in the second bay 320 is by by the second antenna array
The microstrip transmission line of each doublet unit in member 320 connects realization.It is appreciated that the first connecting line here
314, the second connecting line 324 can be with microstrip transmission line using made of identical material, meanwhile, the first connecting line 314, the
The width of two connecting lines 324 can be of same size with microstrip transmission line.
Further, feed wire 330 is connected to the middle part of the first connecting line 314 and the second connecting line 324, and feeds
Conducting wire 330 is respectively perpendicular to the first connecting line 314 and the second connecting line 324.Feed wire 330 is arranged in the first connecting line
314 and second connecting line 324 middle part, that is to say the middle part that first antenna array element 310 and the second bay 320 are set,
It can guarantee that feeding point is the same to the path of each doublet unit, the phase of each doublet unit can guarantee not with frequency
Variation, beam position remains unchanged, therefore can obtain wider bandwidth.Further, the width of feed wire 330 is greater than
The width of microstrip transmission line or the first connecting line 314 or the second connecting line 324.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of array antenna, which is characterized in that the array antenna includes medium substrate, is set to the medium substrate back side
Reference stratum and be set to the positive antenna dipole array of the medium substrate,
The antenna dipole array includes first antenna array element disposed in parallel and the second bay, the first antenna array element
The doublet unit for including several spaced sets with second bay and being connected in series, the first antenna array element
In each doublet unit be oppositely arranged with each doublet unit in second bay, each doublet unit point
It is not connect with described with reference to stratum, each doublet unit realizes feed by microstrip transmission line or co-planar waveguide;
The antenna dipole array further includes that the feed being set between the first antenna array element and the second bay is led
Line, the feed wire is for connecting the first antenna array element and the second bay.
2. array antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the first antenna array element or the second bay
Spacing between two adjacent doublet units is λ, wherein λ is the wavelength of electromagnetic wave in the medium at the frequency of center.
3. array antenna according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the first antenna array element includes the first dipole list
Member, second bay include the second doublet unit being oppositely arranged with first doublet unit, and described first
Spacing between doublet unit and second doublet unit is λ/2.
4. array antenna according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first antenna array element, the second bay are equal
Including two antenna subelements, each antenna subelement includes the shape of at least two series connections, size idol all the same
Pole subelement.
5. array antenna according to claim 4, which is characterized in that each doublet unit includes two and sets relatively
The first metallic conductor and the second metallic conductor set, first metallic conductor one end close with second metallic conductor are
Ground terminal, second metallic conductor and the close one end of first metallic conductor are feed end.
6. array antenna according to claim 5, which is characterized in that second metallic conductor is led with first metal
Body close one end feed is realized by microstrip transmission line or co-planar waveguide.
7. array antenna according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include:
First connecting line, for connecting the microstrip transmission line of each doublet unit in the first antenna array element with reality
Now being arranged in series between each doublet unit.
8. array antenna according to claim 7, which is characterized in that further include:
Second connecting line, it is parallel with first connecting line, for by each dipole list in second bay
The microstrip transmission line of member is connected to realize being arranged in series between each doublet unit.
9. array antenna according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the feed wire is connected to first connecting line
With the middle part of second connecting line, the feed wire is respectively perpendicular to first connecting line and second connecting line.
10. -9 described in any item array antennas according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the array antenna work is in millimeter
Wave frequency section.
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EP4016740A1 (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-06-22 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Twin line fed dipole array antenna |
US11668787B2 (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2023-06-06 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Waveguide with lobe suppression |
US11681015B2 (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2023-06-20 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Waveguide with squint alteration |
US11721905B2 (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2023-08-08 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Waveguide with a beam-forming feature with radiation slots |
US11749883B2 (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2023-09-05 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Waveguide with radiation slots and parasitic elements for asymmetrical coverage |
US11757165B2 (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2023-09-12 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Folded waveguide for antenna |
US11901601B2 (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2024-02-13 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Waveguide with a zigzag for suppressing grating lobes |
US11949145B2 (en) | 2021-08-03 | 2024-04-02 | Aptiv Technologies AG | Transition formed of LTCC material and having stubs that match input impedances between a single-ended port and differential ports |
US11962085B2 (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2024-04-16 | Aptiv Technologies AG | Two-part folded waveguide having a sinusoidal shape channel including horn shape radiating slots formed therein which are spaced apart by one-half wavelength |
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