CN1099766A

CN1099766A - Method for extracting gasoline, diesel oil from waste plastics

Info

Publication number: CN1099766A
Application number: CN93111675A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李强
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-08-28
Filing date: 1993-08-28
Publication date: 1995-03-08

Abstract

This invention is a method for extracting gasoline and diesel oil by using waste and used plastics. It uses waste polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene, waste fuel oil, and waste vegetable oil residue for extracting gasoline and diesel oil, and includes such procedures as spiral propelling of stock material, high-temp. depolymerization, catalytic cracking, and fractionating and cooling. It mainly features the use of JG-01 and CH-02 catalysts so as to make the extracting rate of gasoline and diesel oil reaching over 70%. This method is simple and practical, and changes waste into treasure.

Description

Method for extracting gasoline, diesel oil from waste plastics

The present invention is the method that (comprises waste oil, waste vegetable oil pin) and extract vapour, diesel oil from waste or used plastics.Along with plastics widespread use in the human lives, plastic garbage increases thereupon, and agricultural, foodstuffs industry, packing business, daily necessities industry etc. are more and more to be that raw material is processed various products with plastics.Be to have caused new pollution by refuse but they are just abandoned after using, they can not rot to disappear in the centuries fully.How they are handled, soon the high molecular polymer of unsaturated hydrocarbons such as polyethylene, polystyrene are converted into the problem that new fuel is whole world concern, many trials were all done in the home and abroad, but all make turnover ratio undesirable, be difficult to drop into suitability for industrialized production because complex process is invested big and failed to search out appropriate catalyst.

The purpose of this invention is to provide the advanced technology of simplifying of a cover, two kinds of Cheap highly effective catalyzer particularly are provided, make waste or used plastics (waste oil, vegetable oil residue) be converted into the industrial process that vapour, diesel oil become a kind of very economical.

The objective of the invention is to realize with the following methods.The present invention is the method that polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene etc. extract vapour, diesel oil with waste or used plastics, it is crossed to become to finish by high temperature depolymerization, catalytic pyrolysis and fractionation purified technology, the temperature of high temperature depolymerization is that 350-550 ℃, catalytic pyrolysis temperature are 320-450 ℃, use special catalytic pyrolyzing agent, separate and add the JG-01 depolymerizing agent in the collecting process, use the CH-02 catalyzer during catalytic pyrolysis, the main ingredient of depolymerizing agent JG-01 is Al ₂O ₃, mica powder, catalyzer CH-02 main ingredient be Al ₂O ₃, yellow soda ash, high-temperature agglomerant (as high-alumina cement).

The technological process of production is as follows:

With plastic waste with the method removal of contamination of washing and airing (dry, dry, oven dry etc. all can); With extruding machine plastics are slowly sent into the depolymerization still, add the JG-01 depolymerizing agent during feeding in proportion, plastics are 500 with the ratio of separating the dimerization agent: (1-10); The depolymerization still is warming up to about 350-500 ℃ the melt and dissolved evaporation of plastics depolymerization this moment; Gas through many compositions such as pipeline evaporation aromatic hydrocarbons, alkane enters the further catalytic pyrolysis of catalytic pyrolysis still, gives in catalytic pyrolysis and places class granulous CH-02 catalyzer earlier, and keep 300-380 ℃ of temperature, and gas enters separation column after catalysis; Entering fractionated gas mainly is C ₂The following component of O, temperature about 200-250 ℃, through the effect of column plate, separation column not homonymy fractionate out vapour, diesel oil, just obtain meeting vapour, the diesel oil of GB through processing such as condensations.

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiment accompanying drawing.

Fig. 1 production equipment synoptic diagram of the present invention.

Among the figure: the 1-extruding machine; 2-depolymerization still; 3-interlayer flue; 4-still inner flue; The 5-reflux tower; 6-flue pipe connecting; 7-catalytic pyrolysis still; 8-still inner flue; 9-interlayer flue; The 10-dividing plate; The 11-catalyzer; The 12-smoke exhaust pipe; 13-gas comb; 14-fractionation tower body;-condenser; 16-electric heating thermoswitch; 17-gas-liquid separation body; The 18-filler; The 19-process furnace; The 20-charging opening; 21-diesel oil output tube; 22-gasoline output tube; 23-non-condensable gas vent pipe; 24-residual oil vent pipe (being communicated with) with depolymerization still 2.

Production process is as follows:

1, learn from else's experience cleaning, exsiccant polyethylene waste material adds charging opening (20) for 1.4 tons, starts extruding machine (1), meanwhile adds 0.2% i.e. 2.8 kilograms JG-01 depolymerizing agent; Extruding machine (1) is with in plastic waste and the depolymerizing agent while screw propulsion depolymerization still (2);

2, depolymerization still (2) temperature is risen to 350-500 ℃ (best about 400 ℃);

3, about about 10 kilograms of particulate CH-02 catalyzer is made in placement in catalytic pyrolysis still (7), enters cracking still (7) under the CH-02 catalyst action through depolymerization still (2) cracked gas, and most of polymers are cracked into C ₂The small molecules that O is following.This moment, gas kept temperature to be controlled at about 300-380 ℃, and should take measures all that as extremes of temperature temperature is remained on needs in the scope.

4, gas enters separation column (14) through catalytic pyrolysis, and inlet temperature of stabilizer is controlled at 200-250 ℃, and fills column plate in tower.Establish 1-2 diesel oil output tube (21) at about 1/2nd places of tower and allow diesel oil distillate, temperature is about about 210 ℃ herein, and through condenser (15) condensation, it is collected liquid and is diesel oil; Suitably apart from establishing 1-2 gasoline output tube (22), allow gasoline distillate at top of tower, this moment, temperature was about about 140 ℃, and through condenser (15) condensation, it is collected liquid and is gasoline.

5, the operation such as can also decolour after filtration of vapour, the diesel oil through collecting is handled, and makes it purer.The decolorization filtering agent can be that gac also can be an atlapulgite etc.

The also available waste oil of the inventive method, vegetable oil residue are converted to vapour, diesel oil.Extract vapour, diesel oil with the inventive method from plastic waste, waste oil, waste vegetable oil pin, its transformation efficiency reaches more than 70%, and present method is simple, practical, it is profitable to turn waste into wealth.

Claims

1, a kind of is the method that polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene etc. extract vapour, diesel oil with waste or used plastics, it is by the high temperature depolymerization, catalytic pyrolysis and fractionation purified technological process are finished, and the temperature that it is characterized in that the high temperature depolymerization is at 350-550 ℃, and catalytic pyrolysis is at 320-450 ℃.

2, the method for extracting vapour, diesel oil with waste or used plastics according to claim 1, it is characterized in that using special catalytic pyrolyzing agent, separate adding JG-01 depolymerizing agent in the collecting process, used the CH-02 catalyzer during catalytic pyrolysis, depolymerizing agent JG-01 main ingredient is Al ₂O ₃, mica powder, catalyzer CH-02 main ingredient Al ₂O ₃, yellow soda ash, high-temperature agglomerant.

3, according to claim 2ly extract the method for vapour, diesel oil with waste or used plastics, it is characterized in that separating the ratio that collecting process adds depolymerizing agent JG-01 and be: plastics: depolymerizing agent=500 (1-10), are to add simultaneously in the depolymerization still with plastics.

4, describedly extract the method for vapour, diesel oil with waste or used plastics according to claim 2 or 3, the catalyzer CH-02 particle of using when it is characterized in that catalytic pyrolysis gives and being placed on earlier in the catalytic pyrolysis still.

5, according to claim 4ly extract the method for vapour, diesel oil with waste or used plastics, the vapour that it is characterized in that collecting, diesel oil are after filtration, decolouring handles.