CN109975619B - Full-space phased array antenna calibration system and method based on calibration rod rotation - Google Patents
Full-space phased array antenna calibration system and method based on calibration rod rotation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full-space phased array antenna calibration system and a full-space phased array antenna calibration method based on the rotation of a calibration rod, wherein the system comprises a digital signal processing platform, computer equipment, an optical instrument, a measured phased array antenna and an arc coaxial calibration rod concentric with the measured phased array antenna; the arc coaxial calibration rod is provided with a calibration antenna group; the digital signal processing platform is respectively connected with the calibration antenna group, the measured phased array antenna and the computer equipment, and the computer equipment is also connected with the arc coaxial calibration rod and the optical instrument; and the computer equipment is used for controlling the arc coaxial calibration rod to simulate an ideal electric curved surface to rotate by taking the axis of the measured phased array antenna as a center so as to adjust the spatial position of the calibration antenna group. The invention can realize the high-efficiency calibration of the consistency of the full-space phased array antenna channels and the directional performance of the antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to calibration of a full-space phased array antenna, in particular to a system and a method for calibrating a full-space phased array antenna based on rotation of a calibration rod.
Background
At present, phased array antennas are increasingly used in radio equipment such as mobile communication base stations, probe stations, satellite communications, and the like. The accuracy of beam forming, beam control and search capture of the phased array antenna depends on the initial phase accuracy and the phase shift accuracy of the antenna array element, and the phased array antenna formed by adopting digital beam has extremely high phase shift accuracy, so that the calibration of the initial phase accuracy of the antenna array element becomes the determining factor of the working performance of the antenna. The factors influencing the phase of the antenna array element mainly have two aspects: array element space position errors introduced by array surface structures and array element installation errors; secondly, the phase change of the transmitting and receiving signals of each array element caused by the inconsistency of the performances of the antenna array element and the TR component; both errors cause channel inconsistencies.
Therefore, the phased array antenna can effectively point to and track the target and establish a radio link after calibration; at present, a mature calibration method is adopted for a one-dimensional phased array antenna and a two-dimensional planar phased array antenna, but for a three-dimensional full-space-domain phased array antenna, the problems of large workload, poor feasibility and large error exist if a similar one-dimensional and two-dimensional calibration method is adopted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a calibration system and a calibration method for a full-space phased array antenna based on rotation of a calibration rod.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a full-space phased array antenna calibration system based on calibration rod rotation comprises a digital signal processing platform, computer equipment, an optical instrument, a measured phased array antenna and an arc coaxial calibration rod concentric with the measured phased array antenna; the arc coaxial calibration rod is provided with a calibration antenna group; the digital signal processing platform is respectively connected with the calibration antenna group, the measured phased array antenna and the computer equipment, and the computer equipment is also connected with the arc coaxial calibration rod and the optical instrument;
the computer equipment is used for controlling the arc coaxial calibration rod to simulate an ideal electric curved surface to rotate by taking the axis of the measured phased array antenna as a center so as to adjust the spatial position of the calibration antenna group; simultaneously generating a signal control instruction and a channel control instruction, sending the signal control instruction and the channel control instruction to a digital signal processing platform, controlling an optical instrument to measure the spatial position information of the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna, receiving a measurement result and transmitting the measurement result to the digital signal processing platform;
the digital signal processing platform is used for controlling the amplitude and the phase of each antenna array element of the tested phased array antenna according to a signal control instruction of the computer equipment and controlling the amplitude and the phase of a transmitted signal in the calibration process; simultaneously, controlling a signal receiving and transmitting channel of the tested phased array antenna according to a channel control instruction of the computer equipment; and receiving information from the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna, completing amplitude-phase measurement of the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna, and calibrating the measured phased array antenna by combining the spatial position information of the calibration antenna group, the spatial position information of the measured phased array antenna and the amplitude-phase measurement result.
The calibration antenna group comprises n calibration antennas which are uniformly arranged on an arc-shaped coaxial calibration rod; each calibration antenna is connected with the digital signal processing platform through a transmission line, and the amplitude characteristic of each calibration antenna is AcalPhase characteristic of θcal(ii) a The tested phased array antenna comprises m antenna array elements, and each antenna array element is connected with the digital signal processing platform through a transmission line; the digital signal processing platform to each antennaThe transmission lines of the array element and each calibration antenna are strictly equal in length.
The digital signal processing platform comprises: the signal control module is used for receiving a signal control instruction of the computer equipment, controlling the amplitude and the phase of each antenna array element of the tested phased array antenna and controlling the amplitude and the phase of a transmitted signal in the calibration process; the receiving and transmitting channel control module is used for receiving a channel control instruction of the computer equipment and controlling a signal receiving and transmitting channel of the tested phased array antenna; the amplitude-phase measurement module is used for receiving information from the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna and completing the amplitude-phase measurement of the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna; and the calibration module is used for calibrating the measured phased array antenna by combining the spatial position information of the calibration antenna group, the spatial position information of the measured phased array antenna and the amplitude and phase measurement result.
A first port A of the computer equipment is connected to a signal control module of the digital signal processing platform and transmits a signal control instruction to the digital signal processing platform; a second port B of the computer equipment is connected to a position control port of the arc coaxial calibration rod, and the arc coaxial calibration rod is controlled to simulate an ideal electric curved surface to rotate by taking the axis of the measured phased array antenna as a center; the third port C of the computer equipment is connected to a receiving and transmitting channel control module of the digital signal processing platform and transmits a channel control instruction to the digital signal processing platform; the fourth port D of the computer equipment is connected to the calibration module of the digital signal processing platform and is used for transmitting information from the optical instrument to the digital signal processing platform; and a fifth port E of the computer equipment is connected to a data control port of the optical instrument, controls the optical instrument to measure the spatial position information of the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna, and receives the measurement result from the optical instrument.
A method for calibrating an antenna by a full-space phased array antenna calibration system based on the rotation of a calibration rod comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing antenna array elements of a tested phased array antenna into I groups, and setting the number of the antenna array elements in each group as k;
s2, the computer equipment controls the arc calibration rod to rotate by simulating an ideal electric curved surface by taking the axis of the phase control array antenna to be measured as the center; until the calibration antenna group on the arc coaxial calibration rod is coplanar with the center normal of the ith antenna array element of the tested phased array antenna;
s3, controlling an optical instrument to measure the space coordinate P of the P calibration antenna by the computer equipmentCalp(xCalp，yCalp，zCalp) And the space coordinate P of the q antenna element in the i antenna element groupAntq(xAntq，yAntq，zAntq) Where p is 1,2,3 … … k and q is 1,2,3 … … k, the optical instrument transmits the measurement to the computer device; the computer equipment transmits the received information to the digital signal processing platform; digital signal processing platform according to PCalp、PAntqAnd calculating the amplitude difference A between the p th calibration antenna and the q th antenna element caused by the relative position by the calibration frequencyq_pPhase difference thetaq_p；
S4, calibrating the phase error of a transmitting channel of the ith group of antenna array elements under different phase-shifting values;
s5, calibrating the phase error of a receiving channel of the ith group of antenna array elements under different phase-shifting values;
s6, under the control of computer equipment, the arc coaxial calibration rod rotates to the position that the calibration antenna group is coplanar with the central normal of the next group of antenna array elements, the steps S1-S5 are repeated, and the transceiving channels of each group of antenna array elements on the tested phased array antenna are sequentially calibrated until the transceiving channels of all the antenna array elements are calibrated.
The step S4 includes the following sub-steps:
s401, under the signal control instruction and the channel control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the phased array antenna to be tested, opens the transmitting channel of the antenna array element of the ith group, and sets the amplitude of the antenna array element in the ith group to be Acon_tiqPhase is set to thetacon_tiqAnd closing all antenna array elements of the other groups;
s402, under the signal control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the phased array antenna to be tested to send outSending signal and setting amplitude of transmitted signal to AtiqPhase of thetatiqThe calibration antenna group receives signals and transmits the signals to the digital signal processing platform, and the digital signal processing platform measures the signal amplitude A of the q antenna array element of the ith group of the tested phased array antenna received by the calibration antenna groupriqSum signal phase θriq；
S403, the digital signal processing platform is according to the following relation:
calculating the difference needed to compensate for the calibration of the transmitting link:
wherein,
representing the total amplitude-phase transmission coefficient of the link passing through the q antenna array element and the p calibration antenna;
s404, under the signal control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the phase theta of all antenna array element transmitting channels on the ith group of the tested phased array antennacon_tiqAnd changing from minus pi to pi, repeating the steps S401 to S403, sequentially calibrating the phase errors of the transmitting channels of the ith group of antenna array elements under different phase shift values to obtain the transmitting channel calibration parameters of the ith group of antenna array elements, and performing compensation calibration on the ith group of antennas.
The step S5 includes the following sub-steps:
s501, under the signal control instruction and the channel control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the phased array antenna to be tested, a receiving channel of the antenna array element of the ith group is opened, and the amplitude of the antenna array element in the ith group is set to be Acon_tiqPhase is set to thetacon_tiqAnd closing all antenna array elements of the other groups;
s502. atUnder the signal control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the calibration antenna group to send signals and sets the amplitude of the sent signals to be AtiqPhase of thetatiqThe measured phased array antenna receives signals through a receiving channel of the ith group of antenna array elements and transmits the signals to the digital signal processing platform, and the digital signal processing platform measures the signal amplitude A received by the ith group of the qth antenna array elements of the measured phased array antennariqSum signal phase θriq；
S503, the digital signal processing platform is according to the following relations:
calculating the difference needed to compensate for the calibration of the receiving link:
wherein,
representing the total amplitude-phase transmission coefficient of the link passing through the q antenna array element and the p calibration antenna;
s504, under the signal control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the phase theta of the receiving channels of all antenna array elements on the ith group of the tested phased array antennacon_riqChanging from minus pi to pi, repeating the steps S501-S503, sequentially calibrating the phase errors of the receiving channels of the ith group of antenna array elements under different phase shift values to obtain the receiving channel calibration parameters of the ith group of antenna array elements, and performing compensation calibration on the ith group of antennas.
Preferably, the arc-shaped coaxial calibration rod comprises a calibration rod body, a rotating shaft and a rotating shaft driving device, the calibration rod body is installed on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft driving device is connected with the rotating shaft, a position control port of the arc-shaped coaxial calibration rod is a control port of the rotating shaft driving device, and the computer equipment controls the rotating shaft to rotate through the rotating shaft driving device so as to control the movement of the calibration rod. Preferably, in each group of antenna elements obtained by dividing in step S1, k antenna elements may operate in a time-sharing manner or simultaneously; each calibration antenna in the calibration antenna group can work in a time-sharing mode and can also work simultaneously.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention simulates an ideal electrical curved surface through the rotation of the arc-shaped calibration rod, can realize the high-efficiency calibration of the consistency of the full-space phased array antenna channel and the directional performance of the antenna, and is favorable for ensuring the working performance of the antenna.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a calibration diagram of the transceiving channel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
As shown in fig. 1, a calibration rod rotation-based full-space phased array antenna calibration system includes a digital signal processing platform, a computer device, an optical instrument, a measured phased array antenna, and an arc-shaped coaxial calibration rod concentric with the measured phased array antenna; the arc coaxial calibration rod is provided with a calibration antenna group; the digital signal processing platform is respectively connected with the calibration antenna group, the measured phased array antenna and the computer equipment, and the computer equipment is also connected with the arc coaxial calibration rod and the optical instrument;
the computer equipment is used for controlling the arc coaxial calibration rod to simulate an ideal electric curved surface to rotate by taking the axis of the measured phased array antenna as a center so as to adjust the spatial position of the calibration antenna group; simultaneously generating a signal control instruction and a channel control instruction, sending the signal control instruction and the channel control instruction to a digital signal processing platform, controlling an optical instrument to measure the spatial position information of the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna, receiving a measurement result and transmitting the measurement result to the digital signal processing platform;
the digital signal processing platform is used for controlling the amplitude and the phase of each antenna array element of the tested phased array antenna according to a signal control instruction of the computer equipment and controlling the amplitude and the phase of a transmitted signal in the calibration process; simultaneously, controlling a signal receiving and transmitting channel of the tested phased array antenna according to a channel control instruction of the computer equipment; and receiving information from the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna, completing amplitude-phase measurement of the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna, and calibrating the measured phased array antenna by combining the spatial position information of the calibration antenna group, the spatial position information of the measured phased array antenna and the amplitude-phase measurement result.
The calibration antenna group comprises n calibration antennas which are uniformly arranged on an arc-shaped coaxial calibration rod; each calibration antenna is connected with the digital signal processing platform through a transmission line, and the amplitude characteristic of each calibration antenna is AcalPhase characteristic of θcal(ii) a The tested phased array antenna comprises m antenna array elements, and each antenna array element is connected with the digital signal processing platform through a transmission line; and the transmission lines from the digital signal processing platform to each antenna array element and each calibration antenna are strictly equal in length.
The digital signal processing platform comprises: the signal control module is used for receiving a signal control instruction of the computer equipment, controlling the amplitude and the phase of each antenna array element of the tested phased array antenna and controlling the amplitude and the phase of a transmitted signal in the calibration process; the receiving and transmitting channel control module is used for receiving a channel control instruction of the computer equipment and controlling a signal receiving and transmitting channel of the tested phased array antenna; the amplitude-phase measurement module is used for receiving information from the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna and completing the amplitude-phase measurement of the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna; and the calibration module is used for calibrating the measured phased array antenna by combining the spatial position information of the calibration antenna group, the spatial position information of the measured phased array antenna and the amplitude and phase measurement result.
A first port A of the computer equipment is connected to a signal control module of the digital signal processing platform and transmits a signal control instruction to the digital signal processing platform; a second port B of the computer equipment is connected to a position control port of the arc coaxial calibration rod, and the arc coaxial calibration rod is controlled to simulate an ideal electric curved surface to rotate by taking the axis of the measured phased array antenna as a center; the third port C of the computer equipment is connected to a receiving and transmitting channel control module of the digital signal processing platform and transmits a channel control instruction to the digital signal processing platform; the fourth port D of the computer equipment is connected to the calibration module of the digital signal processing platform and is used for transmitting information from the optical instrument to the digital signal processing platform; and a fifth port E of the computer equipment is connected to a data control port of the optical instrument, controls the optical instrument to measure the spatial position information of the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna, and receives the measurement result from the optical instrument.
As shown in fig. 2, a method for calibrating an antenna by using a full-space phased array antenna calibration system based on rotation of a calibration rod includes the following steps:
s1, dividing antenna array elements of a tested phased array antenna into I groups, and setting the number of the antenna array elements of each group as k, wherein in the embodiment of the application, the number n of calibration antennas is more than or equal to 1; k is less than or equal to the number n of the calibration antennas, when k is equal to n, all the calibration antennas need to work in the calibration process, and when k is less than n, the first k calibration antennas only need to work; specifically, in this embodiment, k ═ n ═ 4;
s2, the computer equipment controls the arc calibration rod to rotate by simulating an ideal electric curved surface by taking the axis of the phase control array antenna to be measured as the center; until the calibration antenna group on the arc coaxial calibration rod is coplanar with the center normal of the ith antenna array element of the tested phased array antenna;
s3, controlling an optical instrument to measure the space coordinate P of the P calibration antenna by the computer equipmentCalp(xCalp，yCalp，zCalp) And the space coordinate P of the q antenna element in the i antenna element groupAntq(xAntq，yAntq，zAntq) Where p is 1,2,3 … … k and q is 1,2,3 … … k, the optical instrument transmits the measurement to the computer device; the computer equipment transmits the received information to the digital signal processing platform; digital signal processing platform according to PCalp、PAntqAnd calculating the amplitude difference A between the p th calibration antenna and the q th antenna element caused by the relative position by the calibration frequencyq_pPhase difference thetaq_p；
S4, calibrating the phase error of a transmitting channel of the ith group of antenna array elements under different phase-shifting values;
s5, calibrating the phase error of a receiving channel of the ith group of antenna array elements under different phase-shifting values;
s6, under the control of computer equipment, the arc coaxial calibration rod rotates to the position that the calibration antenna group is coplanar with the central normal of the next group of antenna array elements, the steps S1-S5 are repeated, and the transceiving channels of each group of antenna array elements on the tested phased array antenna are sequentially calibrated until the transceiving channels of all the antenna array elements are calibrated.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of calibration of a transceiving channel, referring to the schematic diagram, the step S4 includes the following sub-steps:
s401, under the signal control instruction and the channel control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the phased array antenna to be tested, opens the transmitting channel of the antenna array element of the ith group, and sets the amplitude of the antenna array element in the ith group to be Acon_tiqPhase is set to thetacon_tiqAnd closing all antenna array elements of the other groups;
s402, under the signal control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the tested phased array antenna to send signals, and the amplitude of the sent signals is set to be AtiqPhase of thetatiqThe calibration antenna group receives signals and transmits the signals to the digital signal processing platform, and the digital signal processing platform measures the signal amplitude A of the q antenna array element of the ith group of the tested phased array antenna received by the calibration antenna groupriqSum signal phase θriq；
S403, the digital signal processing platform is according to the following relation:
calculating the difference needed to compensate for the calibration of the transmitting link:
wherein,
representing the total amplitude-phase transmission coefficient of the link passing through the q antenna array element and the p calibration antenna;
s404, under the signal control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the phase theta of all antenna array element transmitting channels on the ith group of the tested phased array antennacon_tiqAnd changing from minus pi to pi, repeating the steps S401 to S403, sequentially calibrating the phase errors of the transmitting channels of the ith group of antenna array elements under different phase shift values to obtain the transmitting channel calibration parameters of the ith group of antenna array elements, and performing compensation calibration on the ith group of antennas.
The step S5 includes the following sub-steps:
s501, under the signal control instruction and the channel control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the phased array antenna to be tested, a receiving channel of the antenna array element of the ith group is opened, and the amplitude of the antenna array element in the ith group is set to be Acon_tiqPhase is set to thetacon_tiqAnd closing all antenna array elements of the other groups;
s502, under the signal control instruction of computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the calibration antenna group to send signals, and the amplitude of the sent signals is set to be AtiqPhase of thetatiqThe measured phased array antenna receives signals through a receiving channel of the ith group of antenna array elements and transmits the signals to the digital signal processing platform, and the digital signal processing platform measures the signal amplitude A received by the ith group of the qth antenna array elements of the measured phased array antennariqSum signal phase θriq；
S503, the digital signal processing platform is according to the following relations:
calculating the difference needed to compensate for the calibration of the receiving link:
wherein,
representing the total amplitude-phase transmission coefficient of the link passing through the q antenna array element and the p calibration antenna;
s504, under the signal control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the phase theta of the receiving channels of all antenna array elements on the ith group of the tested phased array antennacon_riqChanging from minus pi to pi, repeating the steps S501-S503, sequentially calibrating the phase errors of the receiving channels of the ith group of antenna array elements under different phase shift values to obtain the receiving channel calibration parameters of the ith group of antenna array elements, and performing compensation calibration on the ith group of antennas.
In an embodiment of the application, the arc-shaped coaxial calibration rod comprises a calibration rod body, a rotating shaft and a rotating shaft driving device, the calibration rod body is installed on the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft driving device is connected with the rotating shaft, a position control port of the arc-shaped coaxial calibration rod is a control port of the rotating shaft driving device, and the computer device controls the rotating shaft to rotate through the rotating shaft driving device so as to control the movement of the calibration rod; in this embodiment, the shaft driving device may be implemented by a motor. In the embodiment of the present application, in each group of antenna elements obtained by dividing in step S1, k antenna elements may operate in a time-sharing manner or simultaneously; each calibration antenna in the calibration antenna group can work in a time-sharing mode and can also work simultaneously.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the methods described in the foregoing embodiments, such as changes in names of the methods and antenna forms. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a full space domain phased array antenna calibration system based on mark school pole is rotatory which characterized in that: the device comprises a digital signal processing platform, computer equipment, an optical instrument, a measured phased array antenna and an arc coaxial calibration rod; the arc coaxial calibration rod is provided with a calibration antenna group; the digital signal processing platform is respectively connected with the calibration antenna group, the measured phased array antenna and the computer equipment, and the computer equipment is also connected with the arc coaxial calibration rod and the optical instrument;
the computer equipment is used for controlling the arc coaxial calibration rod to simulate an ideal electric curved surface to rotate by taking the axis of the measured phased array antenna as a center so as to adjust the spatial position of the calibration antenna group; simultaneously generating a signal control instruction and a channel control instruction, sending the signal control instruction and the channel control instruction to a digital signal processing platform, controlling an optical instrument to measure the spatial position information of the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna, receiving a measurement result and transmitting the measurement result to the digital signal processing platform;
the digital signal processing platform is used for controlling the amplitude and the phase of each antenna array element of the tested phased array antenna according to a signal control instruction of the computer equipment and controlling the amplitude and the phase of a transmitted signal in the calibration process; simultaneously, controlling a signal receiving and transmitting channel of the tested phased array antenna according to a channel control instruction of the computer equipment; receiving information from the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna, completing amplitude and phase measurement of the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna, and calibrating the measured phased array antenna by combining the spatial position information of the calibration antenna group, the spatial position information of the measured phased array antenna and the amplitude and phase measurement result;
in the calibration process, the calibration antenna group on the arc coaxial calibration rod is coplanar with the central normal of each group of antenna array elements of the tested phased array antenna in sequence, and the calibration of each group of antenna array element receiving channel and transmitting channel is completed:
when the transmitting channel of each group of antenna array elements is corrected, setting the amplitude and the phase of the current group of antenna array elements, closing all the antenna array elements of the other groups, setting the amplitude and the phase of a transmitting signal of a detected phased array antenna, calculating the difference required to be compensated for transmitting calibration according to the information received by the calibration antenna group, controlling the change of the phase value of the current group of antenna array elements, and calculating the difference required to be compensated for transmitting calibration under different phase-shifting values according to the information received by the calibration antenna group to finish calibration;
when the receiving channel of each group of antenna array elements is corrected, setting the amplitude and the phase of the current group of antenna array elements, closing all the antenna array elements of the other groups, setting the amplitude and the phase transmitted by the calibration antenna group, and calculating the difference needed to be compensated for receiving calibration according to the information received by the current group of antenna array elements; and controlling the phase value change of the antenna array elements of the current group, and calculating the difference quantity to be compensated under different phase shift values according to the information received by the antenna array elements of the current group so as to finish the calibration.
2. The system for calibrating the full-space phased array antenna based on the rotation of the calibration rod according to claim 1, wherein: the calibration antenna group comprises n calibration antennas which are uniformly arranged on an arc coaxial calibration rod; each calibration antenna is connected with the digital signal processing platform through a transmission line, and the amplitude characteristic of each calibration antenna is AcalPhase characteristic of θcal(ii) a The tested phased array antenna comprises m antenna array elements, and each antenna array element is connected with the digital signal processing platform through a transmission line; and the transmission lines from the digital signal processing platform to each antenna array element and each calibration antenna are strictly equal in length.
3. The system for calibrating the full-space phased array antenna based on the rotation of the calibration rod according to claim 1, wherein: the digital signal processing platform comprises: the signal control module is used for receiving a signal control instruction of the computer equipment, controlling the amplitude and the phase of each antenna array element of the tested phased array antenna and controlling the amplitude and the phase of a transmitted signal in the calibration process; the receiving and transmitting channel control module is used for receiving a channel control instruction of the computer equipment and controlling a signal receiving and transmitting channel of the tested phased array antenna; the amplitude-phase measurement module is used for receiving information from the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna and completing the amplitude-phase measurement of the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna; and the calibration module is used for calibrating the measured phased array antenna by combining the spatial position information of the calibration antenna group, the spatial position information of the measured phased array antenna and the amplitude and phase measurement result.
4. The system for calibrating the full-space phased array antenna based on the rotation of the calibration rod according to claim 1, wherein: a first port A of the computer equipment is connected to a signal control module of the digital signal processing platform and transmits a signal control instruction to the digital signal processing platform; a second port B of the computer equipment is connected to a position control port of the arc coaxial calibration rod, and the arc coaxial calibration rod is controlled to simulate an ideal electric curved surface to rotate by taking the axis of the measured phased array antenna as a center; the third port C of the computer equipment is connected to a receiving and transmitting channel control module of the digital signal processing platform and transmits a channel control instruction to the digital signal processing platform; the fourth port D of the computer equipment is connected to the calibration module of the digital signal processing platform and is used for transmitting information from the optical instrument to the digital signal processing platform; and a fifth port E of the computer equipment is connected to a data control port of the optical instrument, controls the optical instrument to measure the spatial position information of the calibration antenna group and the measured phased array antenna, and receives the measurement result from the optical instrument.
5. The method for antenna calibration of the full-space phased array antenna calibration system based on calibration rod rotation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing antenna array elements of a tested phased array antenna into I groups, and setting the number of the antenna array elements in each group as k;
s2, the computer equipment controls the arc calibration rod to rotate by simulating an ideal electric curved surface by taking the axis of the phase control array antenna to be measured as the center; until the calibration antenna group on the arc coaxial calibration rod is coplanar with the center normal of the ith antenna array element of the tested phased array antenna;
s3, controlling an optical instrument to measure the space coordinate P of the P calibration antenna by the computer equipmentCalp(xCalp,yCalp,zCalp) And the space coordinate P of the q antenna element in the i antenna element groupAntq(xAntq,yAntq,zAntq) Where p is 1,2,3 … … k and q is 1,2,3 … … k, the optical instrument transmits the measurement to the computer device; the computer equipment transmits the received information to the digital signal processing platform; digital signal processing platform according to PCalp、PAntqAnd calculating the amplitude difference A between the p th calibration antenna and the q th antenna element caused by the relative position by the calibration frequencyq_pPhase difference thetaq_p；
S4, calibrating the phase error of a transmitting channel of the ith group of antenna array elements under different phase-shifting values;
s5, calibrating the phase error of a receiving channel of the ith group of antenna array elements under different phase-shifting values;
s6, under the control of computer equipment, the arc coaxial calibration rod rotates to the position that the calibration antenna group is coplanar with the central normal of the next group of antenna array elements, the steps S1-S5 are repeated, and the transceiving channels of each group of antenna array elements on the tested phased array antenna are sequentially calibrated until the transceiving channels of all the antenna array elements are calibrated.
6. The method for antenna calibration of the full-space phased array antenna calibration system based on the rotation of the calibration rod according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step S4 includes the following sub-steps:
s401, under the signal control instruction and the channel control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the tested phased array antenna, opens the transmitting channel of the antenna array element of the ith group, and enables the antenna array element of the ith group to be in the middle of the antenna array element of the ith groupThe amplitude of the linear array element is set as Acon_tiqPhase is set to thetacon_tiqAnd closing all antenna array elements of the other groups;
s402, under the signal control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the tested phased array antenna to send signals, and the amplitude of the sent signals is set to be AtiqPhase of thetatiqThe calibration antenna group receives signals and transmits the signals to the digital signal processing platform, and the digital signal processing platform measures the signal amplitude A of the q antenna array element of the ith group of the tested phased array antenna received by the calibration antenna groupriqSum signal phase θriq；
S403, the digital signal processing platform is according to the following relation:
calculating the difference needed to compensate for the calibration of the transmitting link:
wherein,
representing the total amplitude-phase transmission coefficient of the link passing through the q antenna array element and the p calibration antenna;
s404, under the signal control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the phase theta of all antenna array element transmitting channels on the ith group of the tested phased array antennacon_tiqAnd changing from minus pi to pi, repeating the steps S401 to S403, sequentially calibrating the phase errors of the transmitting channels of the ith group of antenna array elements under different phase shift values to obtain the transmitting channel calibration parameters of the ith group of antenna array elements, and performing compensation calibration on the ith group of antennas.
7. The method for antenna calibration of the full-space phased array antenna calibration system based on the rotation of the calibration rod according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step S5 includes the following sub-steps:
s501, under the signal control instruction and the channel control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the phased array antenna to be tested, a receiving channel of the antenna array element of the ith group is opened, and the amplitude of the antenna array element in the ith group is set to be Acon_tiqPhase is set to thetacon_tiqAnd closing all antenna array elements of the other groups;
s502, under the signal control instruction of computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the calibration antenna group to send signals, and the amplitude of the sent signals is set to be AtiqPhase of thetatiqThe measured phased array antenna receives signals through a receiving channel of the ith group of antenna array elements and transmits the signals to the digital signal processing platform, and the digital signal processing platform measures the signal amplitude A received by the ith group of the qth antenna array elements of the measured phased array antennariqSum signal phase θriq；
S503, the digital signal processing platform is according to the following relations:
calculating the difference needed to compensate for the calibration of the receiving link:
wherein,
representing the total amplitude-phase transmission coefficient of the link passing through the q antenna array element and the p calibration antenna;
s504, under the signal control instruction of the computer equipment, the digital signal processing platform controls the phase theta of the receiving channels of all antenna array elements on the ith group of the tested phased array antennacon_riqChanging from-pi to pi, repeating the steps S501-S503, and sequentiallyAnd calibrating the phase errors of the receiving channels of the ith group of antenna array elements under different phase shift values to obtain the receiving channel calibration parameters of the ith group of antenna array elements, and performing compensation calibration on the ith group of antennas.
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Inventor after: Zeng Xinde Inventor after: Xu Shouheng Inventor before: Zeng Xinde |