CN109974994B

CN109974994B - Self-adaptive hobbing cutter device for hobbing cutter experiment platform

Info

Publication number: CN109974994B
Application number: CN201910314442.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 洪开荣; 孙振川; 张兵; 周建军; 许华国; 杨振兴; 张合沛; 高会中; 韩伟锋
Original assignee: State Key Laboratory of Shield Machine and Boring Technology; China Railway Tunnel Group Co Ltd CRTG
Current assignee: State Key Laboratory of Shield Machine and Boring Technology; China Railway Tunnel Group Co Ltd CRTG
Priority date: 2019-04-18
Filing date: 2019-04-18
Publication date: 2020-06-09
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-18
Also published as: CN109974994A

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-adaptive hobbing cutter device for a hobbing cutter experiment platform, which comprises: crescent moon board, blade disc, arbor, brake disc, piston caliper, camera, spiral pull rod, tensioning spring, little sword case, pivot, visor, motor, drive sprocket, drive chain, driven sprocket, hobbing cutter press from both sides tight piece, transmission shaft, the interior wall mounting camera that the little sword case right side is close to the blade disc, connect the crescent moon board on the little sword case of camera below, the junction of crescent moon board and little sword case sets up the tensioning spring, install spiral pull rod on the crescent moon board, the left side of little sword case is passed to spiral pull rod left end, can control the crescent moon board and remove, through the process preface to the automatic adjustment of hobbing cutter, has solved the technical problem that hobbing cutter ground off the way and rotation blockage in the broken rock experiment, has reduced the number of times of changing the hobbing cutter, has increased experimental efficiency.

Description

Self-adaptive hobbing cutter device for hobbing cutter experiment platform

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of tunneling equipment, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive hob device for a hob experiment platform.

Background

With the rapid development of social economy, the infrastructure construction process is accelerated, and the development and utilization of underground space become the development focus of each area. The tunnel boring machine is gradually the preferred equipment for long tunnel construction due to its advantages of high construction speed, high tunneling quality, good operation continuity, etc. According to the tunneling principle, a hob on a hob is pressed on the surface of a rock through an oil cylinder, when the applied pressure is greater than the compressive strength of the rock, the hob is pressed into the rock, the rock will crack, and when cracks generated by two adjacent hobs are communicated, the rock between the two hobs falls off, so that the rock is crushed. The hard rock stratum rock has higher strength, the pressure drop required for destroying the hard rock stratum rock is increased rapidly, when the quartz content in the stratum is higher, the abrasiveness of the rock is stronger, the cutter works under the conditions of strong extrusion and high grinding, the damage failure speed of the cutter is greatly accelerated, therefore, the tunneling footage speed is slower and the cutter is abraded faster under the hard rock condition, and the construction cost is greatly increased. At present, the problems of low footage speed, short service life of a hob and high construction cost exist in the tunneling construction of a hard rock stratum tunnel, and the rock breaking efficiency of the widely adopted method for rolling and cutting rock by using the hob under the action of thrust and torque also has a larger lifting space.

In addition, in the rock breaking experiment process, a cutter head bearing a plurality of hobbing cutters is driven by a hydraulic motor to tunnel towards a rock sample working face while rotating, the hobbing cutters in the cutter head are often found not to rotate on the tunneling working face of the rock sample in the tunneling process, because the relative motion of the outer edge of the hobbing cutter and the tunneling working face of the rock sample generates eccentric wear, the eccentric wear is usually that the running time is long when the circular hobbing cutter tunnels at a certain point or a certain arc section on the outer circumference of the circular hobbing cutter, the rotating time of other points or the arc sections is short, so that the outer circumference of the hobbing cutter is uneven, and the curvature of the outer circumference of the hobbing cutter in the process of tunneling the rock sample is changed (as shown in figure 4), the hob can stop intermittently, generally becomes out of round, and can cause the hob to block when the condition is serious, namely the hob is clamped on the rock sample tunneling working surface and is not moved. The original experimental method is shut down, and the hob needs to be replaced again.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a self-adaptive hobbing cutter device for a hobbing cutter experiment platform.

A hobbing cutter is self-adaptation hobbing cutter device for experiment platform includes: crescent moon board, hobbing cutter, arbor, brake disc, piston caliper, camera, spiral pull rod, tensioning spring, little cutter box, pivot, visor, motor, drive sprocket, drive chain, driven sprocket, hobbing cutter clamp tight piece, transmission shaft, hobbing cutter and arbor circumference restraint, arbor lower part installation hobbing cutter clamp tight piece, knife roof portion installation arbor of knife box, the hobbing cutter is installed on the arbor, arbor left side installation driven sprocket, with the driven sprocket connection be drive chain, drive chain still is connected with drive sprocket, drive sprocket installs on the motor, the motor rotates and passes the moment of torsion transmission to the arbor through the sprocket indirectly and drive the hobbing cutter and rotate, arbor right-hand member installation brake disc, the brake disc sets up the visor equally, install piston caliper in the visor of brake disc one side, piston caliper is used for pressing from both sides tight brake disc and then prevents the hobbing cutter rotation, piston caliper right side sets up the piston rod, the brake block is connected on the piston rod right side, the piston rod is fixed on the protection cover, when piston caliper during operation, the piston rod promotes the brake block and removes left, and then presss from both sides tight brake block, the interior wall mounting camera that the knife case right side is close to the hobbing cutter, connect the crescent moon board on the knife case of camera below, the junction of crescent moon board and knife case sets up the tensioning spring, install the spiral pull rod on the crescent moon board, the left side of little knife case is passed to spiral pull rod left end, the last driven gear who installs the area tapping of spiral pull rod, driven gear links to each other with the driving gear of its below, the driving gear axial is fixed on the knife case through the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft left end links to each other with torque motor.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, a plurality of radially extending scale marks are circumferentially arranged on the right side surface of the hob, the camera is located at a position where the scale marks on the hob can be illuminated, and the profile of the edge of the hob can be illuminated, the position where the scale marks are the longest can be determined by manually observing a video image, video information can be transmitted to a PC through the camera, the video image acquired by the camera is processed in real time through a program written by OpenCV, the profile and the scale marks are displayed, the profile and the scale marks of the hob in the image are identified in real time, and the average length, the longest length, and the position of the scale marks can be determined in real time.

As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the first torque sensor, the piston caliper, the torque motor, the motor, and the camera may be controlled by a program to operate, and the brake disc is controlled by identifying the length and the position of the graduation line, so as to "round" the out-of-round hob.

The rounding of the invention has the specific meanings as follows: the camera discerns the length of hobbing cutter blade disc scale mark in real time to the change of program record scale mark length, when the hobbing cutter locked-rotor, motor control hobbing cutter deflected to the place of scale mark relative length and control initiative brake, fixed the hobbing cutter, ground the hobbing cutter position dull with the scale mark length from this, makeed the hobbing cutter can roll on the rock face again.

The hob is advanced along with the rotation of the hob disc to realize the rounding process, the positions of the scale lines of the hob are abraded, the roundness of the hob is recovered as much as possible, the service life of the hob is prolonged, and the experimental time of a single hob is prolonged. In the hob experimental device in the prior art, the hob structure is simple, the abrasion position of the hob cannot be interfered by structural design, the working process of the hob is basically uncontrollable, the service life of the hob is reduced, although some researchers have recently proposed a TBM single hob replacement manipulator end effector (application number is 201810128684.1) by combining the actual shield machine working scene, the method for replacing the hob reduces the labor cost, but the hob replacement process needs the shield machine to be stopped, the shield machine stops, on one hand, the working efficiency is reduced, on the other hand, the cutter needs to be reset when the stopped shield machine is restarted, the direction precision of the shield machine in tunneling is reduced, the improved hob device greatly prolongs the service life of the hob, and the times of stopping and replacing the hob is reduced, thereby improving the tunneling performance of the shield machine. The method can be applied to a rock breaking experiment platform and can also be applied to the design of a hob structure in engineering.

As a preferred scheme of the invention, when the blocking of the hob is monitored, the torque motor is controlled to move the spiral pull rod leftwards, so that the crescent moon plate deflects leftwards, the crescent moon plate is separated from the wall of the small hob box and deflects rightwards under the control of the spiral pull rod, so that the outer edge of the hob is temporarily separated from the rock surface, then the motor is controlled to drive the hob to rotate anticlockwise to the part with the longest scale mark identified by a program, active braking is carried out, namely a piston rod pushes a brake pad to move leftwards, the brake pad and a brake disc are clamped, so that the hob shaft is braked to fix the hob, the hob disc continues to dig into the rock sample working surface, the part worn by the hob is fixed at the part with the longest scale mark, the braking process lasts for 15-30 minutes, then the brake is released, namely the piston rod moves rightwards, so that, the meniscus plate also rotates to the position where the hob is operating normally, thereby preventing the parts of the hob that are stopped from contacting the rock face from continuing to contact the rock face for sliding friction to further deteriorate the wear. Although braking of the hob can be achieved without deflection, experiments show that the hob cannot be accurately fixed to a required rotating position while the cutterhead is tunneling, so that the hob needs to be deflected to be temporarily separated from the rock surface and then braked and fixed.

As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the motor is provided with a first torque sensor, and when the program monitors that the torque of the first torque sensor is greater than 15N · m, the fault at the cutter shaft is alarmed.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) in the rock breaking experiment process of the hob, the abrasion position of the hob can be automatically adjusted without stopping the tunneling of the cutter head.

(2) The operating state of each hob is observed through the monitoring of the cameras on the hobs, the inspection period is reasonably arranged, and the condition that the inspection is too frequent or the inspection work is not in place is avoided.

(3) Through the abrasion to the fixed part of the hob, the service life of the hob is greatly prolonged, the frequency of replacing the hob is reduced, and a large amount of equipment cost is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view (front view) of an adaptive hob for a hob experiment platform according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the working state of an adaptive hob for a hob experiment platform according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the adaptive hob for the hob experiment platform on the hob head.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a picture of an adaptive hob camera for a hob experiment platform according to the present invention.

In the figure, the gear comprises a gear 1, a crescent plate, a gear hob 2, a gear shaft 3, a gear shaft 4, a brake disc 5, a piston caliper 6, a camera 7, a spiral pull rod 8, a tension spring 9, a small gear box 10, a rotating shaft 11, a protective cover 12, a motor 13, a driving sprocket 14, a transmission chain 15, a driven sprocket 16, a gear hob clamping block 17, a transmission shaft 18, a brake pad 19 and a piston rod.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

A self-adaptive hob control method for a hob experiment platform structurally comprises the following steps: crescent moon board 1, hobbing cutter 2, arbor 3, brake disc 4, piston calliper 5, camera 6, spiral pull rod 7, tensioning spring 8, knife case 9, pivot 10, visor 11, motor 12, drive sprocket 13, drive chain 14, driven sprocket 15, hobbing cutter press from both sides tight piece 16, transmission shaft 17,

hobbing cutter

2 and 3 circumference of arbor restraint, 3 lower part installation hobbing cutter of arbor press from both sides tight piece 16, little knife case 9 top installation arbor 3, hobbing cutter 2 is installed on

arbor

3, 3 left side installation driven sprocket 15 of arbor, with what driven sprocket 15 was connected is drive chain 14, drive chain 14 still is connected with drive sprocket 13, drive sprocket 13 installs on motor 12, and motor 12 rotates and drives hobbing cutter 2 rotation through the indirect moment of torsion transmission for arbor 3 with the sprocket. The utility model discloses a hobbing cutter, including arbor 3, brake disc 4, brake disc set up visor 11 equally, install piston caliper 5 in the visor 11 of brake disc 4 one side, piston caliper 5 is used for pressing from both sides tight brake disc 4 and then prevents hobbing cutter 2 and rotate, piston caliper 5 right side sets up piston rod 19, brake block 18 is connected on the piston rod right side, piston rod 19 is fixed on visor 11, and when piston caliper 5 during operation, piston rod 19 promotes brake block 18 and removes to the left, and then presss from both sides tight brake block 4, the internal wall mounting camera 6 that the box knife 9 right side is close to the hobbing cutter, connect crescent 1 on the box knife 9 of camera 6 below, crescent 1 can rotate around box knife 9, the junction of crescent 1 and box knife 9 sets up tensioning spring 8, tensioning spring 8 makes crescent 1 have clockwise rotation's trend all the time, install spiral pull rod 7 on crescent moon board 1, the left side of knife case 9 is passed to spiral pull rod 7 left end, install the driven gear who takes the tapping on spiral pull rod 7, driven gear links to each other with the driving gear of its below, the driving gear axial is fixed on knife case 9 through transmission shaft 17, transmission shaft 17 left end links to each other with torque motor (not shown), and torque motor's rotation indirect control spiral pull rod 7 right-hand member portion is controlled and is moved, and then drives crescent moon board 1 rotatory.

Preferably, hobbing cutter 2's right flank circumference sets up a plurality of radially extending's scale mark, camera 6 is located the scale mark for can shining hobbing cutter 2 on to can shine 2 cutting profiles of hobbing cutter, can record the longest position of scale mark through the artifical video image that observes, also can give PC with video information transfer by camera 6, the video image that program of compiling through OpenCV was gathered with camera 6 carries out real-time processing, show profile and scale mark, calculate the average length and the longest length of hobbing cutter scale mark in real time, and can record the position of longest length.

Preferably, the first torque sensor, the piston caliper 5, the torque motor, the motor 12 and the camera 6 are controlled by a program to work, and the brake disc is controlled to grind the out-of-round hob.

Preferably, when the scale mark of the hob 2 is monitored to be worn and remained for 5mm, the hob 2 can be replaced by reminding the machine to stop.

Preferably, the working state of the hob can be displayed on the PC through a video image transmitted back by the camera.

Preferably, when the program monitors that the hob 2 is locked, the program controls the torque motor to move the spiral pull rod 7 to the left to enable the crescent moon plate 1 to deflect 45 degrees to the left, at the moment, the crescent moon plate 1 is separated from the wall of the small knife box 9 under the control of the spiral pull rod 7, at the moment, the hob 2 naturally deflects to the right, the outer edge of the hob is separated from the rock face, then the control motor 12 drives the hob 2 to rotate anticlockwise to the position with the longest scale mark, active braking is carried out, namely, the piston rod 19 pushes the brake pad 18 to move to the left, the brake pad 18 and the brake disc 4 are clamped, so that the hob 2 is fixed by braking the hob shaft 3, at the moment, the hob head continues to dig into the rock sample working face, the worn part of the hob 2 is fixed to the position with the longest scale mark, the braking process lasts for 15-30 minutes, then the, thereby let hobbing cutter 2 can free rotation, crescent 1 also rotates to the position of hobbing cutter when normally working.

Preferably, the motor 12 is provided with a first torque sensor, and when the torque of the first torque sensor is monitored to be larger than 15N · m, a fault at the cutter shaft 3 is warned.

Preferably, the adaptive hob device of the present invention is installed on a hob head of a hob experiment platform, the hob head is driven by a hydraulic motor to rotate relative to a rock face, when in tunneling, the hob 2 contacts the rock face, and due to the rotation of the hob head, the cutting edge of the hob 2 rubs against the rock face, so that the hob 2 rotates relative to the hob head by the friction force of the rock face, at this time, the motor 12 does not work, and the piston caliper 5 is in a relaxed state, but when monitoring, the hob 2 is out of round, the rotation of the hob 2 is affected, if the eccentric wear is serious, the cutting edge of the hob 2 is seriously out of round, as shown in fig. 4, the rolling friction between the hob 2 and the rock face is converted into sliding friction, the cutting edge surface of the "dull" hob 2 is always in contact with the rock face and aggravates the abrasion of the cutting edge of the hob 2 and stops the relative rotation, at this time, when the hob 2 is blocked, the torque motor is controlled to move the spiral pull rod 7 leftward, so that the crescent moon plate 1 deflects 45 degrees leftward, usually 45 degrees, and can also be adjusted correspondingly according to the out-of-round degree, at this time, the crescent moon plate 1 is separated from the wall of the small hob box 9 under the control of the spiral pull rod 7, the hob 2 naturally deflects rightward, the outer edge of the hob is separated from the rock face, then the motor 12 is controlled to drive the hob 2 to rotate counterclockwise to the position with the longest scale mark, and active braking is performed, namely, the piston rod 19 pushes the brake pad 18 to move leftward, so that the brake pad 18 and the brake disc 4 are clamped, the hob shaft 3 is braked to fix the hob 2, at this time, the hob continues to tunnel to the rock sample working face, the worn part of the hob 2 is fixed to the position with the longest scale mark, the braking process lasts for 15-30 minutes, then the brake is released, namely, the piston rod 19, thereby let hobbing cutter 2 can free rotation, crescent 1 also rotates to the position of hobbing cutter when normally working.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a hobbing cutter is self-adaptation hobbing cutter device for experiment platform which characterized in that: the hobbing cutter device comprises a crescent moon plate, a hobbing cutter, a cutter shaft, a brake disc, piston calipers, a camera, a spiral pull rod, a tensioning spring, a small cutter box, a rotating shaft, a protective cover, a first motor, a driving sprocket, a transmission chain, a driven sprocket, a hobbing cutter clamping block and a transmission shaft, wherein the hobbing cutter is circumferentially constrained with the cutter shaft, the hobbing cutter clamping block is arranged at the lower part of the cutter shaft, the cutter shaft is arranged at the top of the small cutter box, the hobbing cutter is arranged on the cutter shaft, the driven sprocket is arranged at the left side of the cutter shaft, the transmission chain is connected with the driven sprocket, the transmission chain is also connected with the driving sprocket, the driving sprocket is arranged on the first motor, the first motor rotates to indirectly transmit torque to the cutter shaft through the driving sprocket to drive the hobbing cutter to rotate, the brake disc is arranged at the right end of the, a camera is mounted on the inner wall, close to the hob, of the right side of the small knife box, a crescent moon plate is connected to the small knife box below the camera, a tension spring is arranged at the joint of the crescent moon plate and the small knife box, a spiral pull rod is mounted on the crescent moon plate, the left end of the spiral pull rod penetrates through the left side of the small knife box, a driven gear with threads is mounted on the spiral pull rod, the driven gear is connected with a driving gear below the driven gear, the driving gear is axially fixed to the small knife box through a transmission shaft, and the left end of the transmission shaft is connected with a torque motor; the rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the small knife box, and the small knife box can rotate around the rotating shaft.

2. The self-adaptive hobbing cutter device for the hobbing cutter experiment platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: the right flank circumference of hobbing cutter sets up a plurality of radially extending scale marks, the camera position makes the camera can shine the scale mark on the hobbing cutter to shine hobbing cutter cutting part profile.

3. The self-adaptive hobbing cutter device for the hobbing cutter experiment platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: the brake disc outer fringe sets up in piston caliper, still set up the brake block in the piston caliper, the brake block is connected with the piston rod, brakes the hobbing cutter through the laminating of brake block and brake disc.

4. The self-adaptive hobbing cutter device for the hobbing cutter experiment platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the scale lines of the hob are monitored to be worn out, a reminding program is set for reminding workers to stop and replace the hob.

5. The self-adaptive hobbing cutter device for the hobbing cutter experiment platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the working state of the hob is displayed on the PC through a video image transmitted back by the camera.

6. The self-adaptive hobbing cutter device for the hobbing cutter experiment platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first motor is provided with a first torque sensor, and when the torque of the first torque sensor is monitored to be larger than 15 N.m, a fault at the cutter shaft is alarmed.

7. A shield constructs hobbing cutter experiment platform, characterized in that, install the hobbing cutter experiment platform of claim 1 on the experiment platform and use self-adaptation hobbing cutter device.