CN109974787A - A kind of architecture indoor intelligence thermal comfort monitoring device and its monitoring method - Google Patents
A kind of architecture indoor intelligence thermal comfort monitoring device and its monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of architecture indoor intelligence thermal comfort monitoring device and its monitoring methods, including thermal comfort monitoring unit and display module, there are thermal imaging camera and common camera on the front panel of monitoring device, single-chip microcontroller is equipped in the inside of monitoring device, there is detection sensor module on top panel, the right side of monitoring device is equipped with wireless sending module；The front panel of display device is equipped with two pieces of display screens, two pieces of display screens be can touch screen, for showing the monitoring result of monitoring device.The present invention can acquire out multiplicity, accurate thermal comfort parameter is visualized thermal comfort monitoring result by building threedimensional model.Its easy to operate, detection is stablized, and the thermal comfort monitoring field of the buildings such as house, office can be widely applied to.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building thermal comfort, and particularly relates to an intelligent building indoor thermal comfort monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof.
Background
With the continuous development of economy and society, the life of people is deeply changed, and the life quality of people is improved. At present, most of the working, learning, living and the like of people spend indoors, and the indoor environment quality not only influences the working efficiency of indoor detained personnel, but also has high relevance with the body health directly. Therefore, the demand for thermal comfort in the building room is also increasing.
To achieve true thermal comfort in a building room, we monitor the thermal comfort in the building room to provide a method of creating and improving a thermal comfort environment. The "environmental thermal comfort" refers to the description of whether the environment of a person is suitable for the person and the suitable degree, and is a thermal comfort study taking human thermal sensation and environmental adaptability as the core, which has strong subjectivity and is closely related to the subjective sensation of the person, thus bringing difficulty to monitoring.
Currently, most thermal comfort measurements are based on PMV and PPD indicators. The PMV index is based on the thermal comfort equation and ASHRAE standard for p.o.fanger, and is proposed on the basis of experiments. The index integrates all variables, can comprehensively evaluate the heat sensation of the environment to the human body, and IS programmed into the IS07730 standard. The PPD indicator, in conjunction with the PMV indicator, may indicate a percentage of dissatisfaction with the thermal environment. Therefore, conventional thermal comfort monitoring devices are based on the PMV-PPD index. However, these conventional thermal comfort monitoring devices only consider physical parameters such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, etc. in the building room, and have disadvantages including: partial parameters need to be manually input, heat sensation of indoor personnel, building materials, building envelopes and the like are not considered, monitoring results are not visualized, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an indoor intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device and a monitoring method thereof, so as to solve the problem of thermal comfort in a building. The invention realizes the visualization of indoor thermal comfort through real-time calculation without manual parameter input, can realize the high-efficiency and accurate monitoring of the indoor thermal comfort of the building through the monitoring method, and can visually and intuitively display the monitoring result.
In order to realize the task, the invention adopts the following technical solution:
an intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device in a building room comprises a monitoring device for monitoring thermal comfort data in the building room and a display device for displaying the thermal comfort condition in the building room in real time;
the monitoring device comprises a thermal comfort monitoring unit, a single chip microcomputer, a thermal imager, a camera and a wireless sending module, wherein the thermal comfort monitoring unit, the thermal imager, the camera and the wireless sending module are all electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer; the thermal comfort monitoring unit comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor and a black ball temperature sensor; the thermal comfort monitoring unit acquires thermal comfort data in a building room in real time, the thermal imager acquires human body thermal imaging data in the building room in real time, the camera acquires image information data in the building room in real time, and the wireless sending module sends the data to the display device;
the display device comprises a microprocessor module, a data display screen, a three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen and a wireless receiving module, wherein the wireless receiving module is in communication connection with the wireless sending module; the microprocessor module is electrically connected with the wireless receiving module, the data display screen and the three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen and is used for displaying the thermal comfort data in the building room monitored by the thermal comfort monitoring unit and the image information data in the building room acquired by the camera in real time through the data display screen, and displaying the human thermal imaging data in the building room acquired by the thermal imager in real time through the three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen.
The monitoring device also comprises a monitoring shell, the thermal comfort monitoring unit is arranged on an upper panel of the monitoring shell, the single chip microcomputer is arranged in the monitoring shell, a fixing device is arranged on a rear panel of the monitoring shell, and the thermal imager and the camera are arranged on a front panel of the monitoring shell;
the display device also comprises a display shell, the data display screen and the three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen are arranged on the front panel of the display shell, and the microprocessor module is arranged inside the display shell.
A second power supply interface, a WiFi module used for updating outdoor temperature conditions, a USB interface and the wireless receiving module are arranged on the side panel of the display shell; the side panel of the monitoring shell is provided with a first power interface and the wireless transmission module.
And indicator lights for alarming are arranged above the monitoring device and the display device.
Each monitoring device is provided with a three-dimensional seat mark which has the same coordinate with the corresponding building three-dimensional model and is used for indicating the monitoring position of the monitoring device on the building model.
The monitoring devices are arranged in a plurality of rooms of the building, and the display devices are placed in the control room.
A monitoring method of the intelligent building indoor thermal comfort monitoring device comprises the following steps:
installing a plurality of monitoring units in each room of a building to be detected, wherein the monitoring units detect related data in the building through a thermal imager, a camera and a thermal comfort monitoring unit, the thermal imager and the camera acquire image data, and the thermal comfort monitoring unit acquires the indoor temperature, humidity, wind speed and black ball temperature of the building; the wireless sending module sends the acquired data to the microprocessor module through the wireless receiving module, and then the received data is displayed on the data display screen and the three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps that outdoor weather information is acquired in real time and transmitted to a microprocessor module and a data display screen, and a thermal imager can identify superficial temperature changes of a human body for detecting the surface temperature of the skin of the human body by setting thermal comfort distribution of each position in a room and thermal comfort conditions of personnel; the indoor ground of the building is composed of grids with different colors and displayed in a building three-dimensional model through a three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen, different data are obtained through calculation of each grid, and different cold and hot conditions and thermal conditions of the area are represented through corresponding colors, so that the thermal comfort conditions of different indoor areas are represented; and if the detection result exceeds the parameter setting, sending an alarm signal.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
calculating the thermal comfort condition through a PMV equation, the building envelope, the geographical position of the building and the external weather condition, wherein the PMV equation is as follows:
wherein: m-metabolic rate, W/s;
w-human body work power, W/s;
Pa(xi，yj)water vapor partial pressure, Pa, in ambient air at- (xi, yj);
ta(xi，yi)air temperature at- (xi, yj), deg.C;
fcl-the ratio of the surface area of the dressed body to the bare body;
average radiant temperature at- (xi, yj), deg.C;
tcl(xi，yi)average temperature of the outer surface of the dressed human body at the- (xi, yj) position, DEG C;
hc(xi，yj)convective heat transfer coefficient at- (xi, yj), W/s m2*℃。
Preferably, the parameter calculation method in the PMV equation is as follows:
the camera transmits image information in a room to the microprocessor of the display device through the transmission module, the microprocessor module estimates the postures of the personnel through an image processing program so as to obtain the postures of the human body, and the different postures correspond to the set metabolism rate M and the work doing condition W of the human body;
the camera transmits image information in the room to the microprocessor of the display device through the transmission module, the microprocessor module judges the dresses of the personnel through an image processing program, different dresses correspond to different thermal resistivities, and the thermal resistivity I of the clothes is obtainedclFurther calculate the ratio f of the surface area of the dressed human body to the surface area of the naked bodycl；
The thermal imager is transmitted to a three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen of the display device through the transmission module; the thermal imager identifies the superficial temperature change of the human body and can be used for detecting the body temperature;
the microprocessor module calculates the air temperature t of different positions of a rooma(xi，yj)，ta(xi，yj)＝ta*w(xi，yj)In the formula, taData measured for temperature sensors, w(xi，yj)For combining building materials and enclosing knots in a three-dimensional model of a buildingObtaining the weights of different indoor areas and the black ball temperature t according to the structure, the geographical position and the external weather conditionsg(xi，yj)，tg(xi，yj)＝tg*w(xi，yj)In the formula, tgThe data measured by the black ball temperature sensor, the air velocity v(xi，yi)＝v*w(xi，yj)Wherein v is the data measured by the wind speed sensor; wherein:
1) mean radiant temperatureFrom the calculated black-ball temperature tg(xi，yj)Calculated air flow velocity v(xi，yj)Calculating the rear indoor air temperature ta(xi，yj)Calculating;
2) average temperature t of outer surface of dressed human bodycl(xi，yi)：
Wherein,
3) convective heat transfer coefficient hc(xi，yi)：
4)Pa(xi，yi)-the partial pressure of water vapour in the ambient air;
in the formulaThe measured data of the humidity sensor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the intelligent and three-dimensional visual building indoor thermal comfort monitoring device can realize visual, efficient and accurate monitoring on the thermal comfort in the building room. Specifically, the monitoring device can acquire various indoor environmental parameters, human body thermal images, dresses, the number of people and posture images, can acquire indoor thermal comfort distribution conditions through parameter acquisition, monitors the thermal comfort of indoor personnel, and visually displays thermal comfort monitoring results through a building three-dimensional model.
According to the invention, the thermal comfort data acquired by the camera, the wireless sensor network and the like are calculated, so that the thermal comfort of the indoor environment is visualized, and the thermal comfort monitoring precision is improved; the monitoring of indoor thermal comfort can help building designers to design and improve indoor thermal comfort, and can guide the building designers to improve indoor thermal comfort of buildings through methods such as shading, optimizing ventilation and the like. Therefore, the device disclosed by the invention can be greatly applied to building indoor thermal comfort monitoring, various and accurate thermal comfort parameters can be acquired, the acquired related parameters are processed, and the thermal comfort monitoring result is visualized through a building three-dimensional model. The device is convenient to operate and stable in detection, and can be widely applied to the field of thermal comfort monitoring of buildings such as houses and offices.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an indoor intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a monitoring unit of an indoor intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a display unit of an indoor intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the indoor thermal comfort in an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure, 100, a monitoring unit; 1. a thermal comfort monitoring unit; 2. thermal imagers (thermal imaging cameras); 3. a camera (ordinary camera); 4. a first indicator light; 5 a first power interface; 6. a wireless transmission module; 7. a fixing device; 8. a single chip microcomputer;
200. a display unit; 9. a second power interface; 10. a wireless receiving module; 11. a WiFi module; 12. a first USB interface; 13. a second USB interface; 14. a data display screen; 15 three-dimensional architectural/thermal imaging display screens; 16. a microprocessor module 16; 17. and a second indicator light.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention first provides an intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device for a building, including: a monitoring device 100 and a display device 200. The monitoring devices 100 are located in various rooms of the building, and the display devices 200 are placed in a control room, so that monitoring and control are convenient for managers. The upper panel of the monitoring device 100 is provided with a thermal comfort monitoring unit 1 consisting of a plurality of sensors, the monitoring device 100 is internally provided with a single chip microcomputer 8, a rear panel is provided with a fixing device 7, a front panel of the monitoring device 100 is provided with a thermal imaging camera 2 and a common camera 3, a right panel of the monitoring device 100 is provided with a first power interface 5 and a wireless sending module 6, and the wireless sending module 6 is used for sending data monitored by the monitoring device 100. The front panel of the display device 200 is provided with a data display screen 14 and a three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen 15, the inside of the display device 200 is provided with a microprocessor module 16 for processing data monitored by the monitoring device 100, and the right panel of the display device 200 is provided with a second power supply interface 9, a wireless receiving module 10, a WiFi module 11 and two USB interfaces (12, 13).
Two indicator lamps (4, 17) for alarming are also arranged above the monitoring device 100 and the display device 200. The two cameras (2, 3) of the monitoring device 100 are used for human body thermal imaging and detection of the number of people in the room, dressing conditions and movement postures respectively.
Each monitoring device 100 has a three-dimensional coordinate number that is the same as the coordinates of the three-dimensional model of the building so that the monitoring location can be represented on the building model. The thermal comfort monitoring unit 1 comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor and a black ball temperature sensor.
Wireless transmission module 6 and wireless reception module 10: a wireless transmission module 6, configured to transmit the received data; the wireless receiving module 10 is configured to receive wireless transmission, and receive data transmitted according to set wireless transmission.
The display screen 14 is used for monitoring basic conditions of the building, such as building floor height, building area, building geographical position, the number of indoor personnel and outdoor temperature conditions, and the display screen 15 can display indoor thermal comfort conditions and skin surface temperature of personnel in real time. The display 14 and the display 15 are touch-touchable. The power supply interfaces (5, 9) supply the current required by the device.
Examples
Referring to fig. 2, the monitoring unit 100 is a cube, and has a single chip 8 inside, and a thermal comfort monitoring unit 1 formed by a plurality of sensors is disposed on an upper panel thereof. The rear panel of the monitoring unit 1 is provided with a fixing device 7 for fixing the monitoring unit on a wall, and the front panel of the monitoring unit 1 is provided with a thermal imaging camera 2 and a common camera 3. The right panel of the monitoring unit 1 is provided with a first power interface 5 and a wireless transmission module 6, and the wireless transmission module 6 is used for transmitting data monitored by the monitoring unit 100.
The thermal comfort monitoring unit 1 of the sensing network comprises: the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the wind speed sensor and the black ball temperature sensor ensure the accuracy of monitoring thermal comfort data.
The lens detection range of the thermal imaging camera 2 covers the whole indoor space, and is used for detecting the distribution state of an indoor temperature field and a human body thermal image, so that the thermal comfort abnormal condition can be found clearly.
The lens detection range of the common camera 3 covers the whole indoor space and is used for detecting the number of indoor personnel, human faces, dresses and human body posture assessment so as to separate detection and tracking tasks.
Referring to fig. 3, a data display screen 14 and a three-dimensional building display screen 15 are disposed on a front panel of the display unit 200, a microprocessor module 16 is disposed inside the display unit 100 and is used for processing monitoring data transmitted by the monitoring unit, and a second power interface 12, a wireless receiving module 10, a WiFi module 11, a first USB interface 12, and a second USB interface 13 are disposed on a right side panel of the display unit 200.
A first indicator light 4 and a second indicator light 8 for alarming are also arranged above the monitoring unit 100 and the display unit 200.
The monitoring unit 100 and the display unit 200 respectively realize power supply through a first power interface 5 and a second power interface 9 (the monitoring unit corresponds to the first power interface, and the display unit corresponds to the second power interface) on the right panel of the box body.
Each monitoring unit has a corresponding three-dimensional coordinate number which is the same as the coordinate of the building three-dimensional model, so that the monitored data can be accurately represented on a room corresponding to the building model after calculation.
The data display screen 14 is used for displaying basic conditions of the monitored building, such as building floor height, building area, building geographical position and outdoor air temperature condition, and the outdoor air temperature condition is updated in real time through the WiFi module 11.
The display unit 200 is in serial communication with a computer through the first USB interface 12 and the second USB interface 13, and the three-dimensional building model can be guided into the display unit through the second USB interface 13. As shown in fig. 4, the result obtained by calculating the monitoring data through the microprocessor module 16 is displayed on the three-dimensional building display screen, the indoor and the underground of the building are composed of squares with different colors, different thermal comfort results correspond to different colors, and each color represents different cold and hot conditions of the area.
Referring to fig. 4, the data display screen and the three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen are touch screens, and a specific room can be selected in the three-dimensional building model, the thermal comfort condition of the room can be checked, and the results collected by the thermal imaging camera of the specified room can be switched. A plurality of monitoring units are installed in each room of a building to be detected, the monitoring units detect related data in the building through a thermal imaging camera, a common camera and a thermal comfort monitoring unit, a wireless sending module sends the collected data to a wireless receiving module, the wireless receiving module sends the data to a microprocessor module 16 through a wired network so as to carry out data statistics, analysis, drawing and other operations on the received data, and finally, the data are displayed on a data display screen and a three-dimensional building display screen. And the detection signal can be transmitted to an external computer through the second USB interface.
The intelligent building indoor thermal comfort monitoring device can realize the collection and real-time display of the thermal comfort in the building, can obtain the indoor thermal comfort distribution condition, monitors the thermal comfort of indoor personnel, and visually displays the thermal comfort monitoring result through the building three-dimensional model.
The monitoring device of the invention has the following working procedures:
the monitoring unit and the display unit start to operate when the power supply is switched on through the first power supply interface and the second power supply interface; and leading the three-dimensional model of the building to be tested into a display device through a second USB interface. At this moment, the thermal imaging camera and the ordinary camera begin to collect image data, the thermal comfort monitoring unit begins to collect a series of physical data such as building indoor temperature, humidity, wind speed, black ball temperature and the like, and send the collected image data and physical data to the wireless receiving module through the wireless sending module respectively, the wireless receiving module sends the data to the microprocessor module 16 through a wired network, simultaneously, outdoor weather information is obtained through the WIFI module and is transmitted to the microprocessor module 16 and the data display screen, then, a specific program is operated on the wireless receiving module, thermal comfort distribution and personnel thermal comfort conditions of all positions in a room are obtained through the set program, the thermal imaging camera can identify the change of the superficial temperature of a human body, and the surface temperature of the skin of the human body can be used for detection. The three-dimensional building display screen is used for displaying the indoor and the underground of the building in a three-dimensional model of the building, different data are obtained by calculation of each square, and different cold and hot conditions and heat conditions of the area are represented by corresponding colors, so that the heat comfort conditions of different indoor areas are represented. If the detection result exceeds the parameter setting, the alarm device can send out an alarm signal at the same time.
Example 2
The invention also provides an indoor intelligent thermal comfort monitoring method, which is used for establishing a detection model through the building indoor intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device in order to obtain more accurate and real data, and specifically calculating the thermal comfort condition through a PMV equation, a building envelope, the geographical position of the building and the external weather condition.
The PMV equation is as follows:
wherein: m-metabolic rate, W/s;
w-human body work power, W/s;
Pa(xi，yi)water vapor partial pressure, Pa, in ambient air at- (xi, yj);
ta(xi，yi)air temperature at- (xi, yj), deg.C;
fcl-the ratio of the surface area of the dressed body to the bare body;
average radiant temperature at- (xi, yj), deg.C;
tcl(xi，yi)average temperature of the outer surface of the dressed human body at the- (xi, yj) position, DEG C;
hc(xi，yi)convective heat transfer coefficient at- (xi, yj), W/s m2*℃；
The present invention includes a monitoring device 100 and a display device 200.
The monitoring device comprises a monitoring device, a heat imaging camera and a common camera, wherein the heat imaging camera and the common camera are arranged on a front panel of the monitoring device, a detection sensor module is arranged on an upper panel of the monitoring device, a wireless sending module is arranged on the right side of the monitoring device, and a single chip microcomputer is arranged in the monitoring device. The power supplies power for the monitoring device after passing through the first power interface, and the singlechip is given in the circular telegram, and the monitoring sensor module carries out the electricity with the singlechip and is connected, and wireless sending module carries out the electricity with the singlechip and is connected, thermal imaging camera and ordinary camera shooting and singlechip electric connection. The common camera transmits image information in a room to the microprocessor of the display device through the transmission module, the microprocessor module 16 estimates postures of people through an image processing program, different postures correspond to different metabolism rates and human body work conditions (M-metabolism rate, W-human body work power) such as sitting postures, slight movement is shown, corresponding metabolism is low, and corresponding human body work power is low.
The common camera transmits the image information in the room to the microprocessor of the display device through the transmission module, and the microprocessor module 16 transmits the image information to the display device through the transmission moduleAn image processing program for judging the dresses of the person, wherein different dresses correspond to different thermal resistivities to obtain the thermal resistivity I of the clothesclFurther calculate the ratio f of the surface area of the dressed human body to the surface area of the naked bodycl。
The thermal imaging camera is transmitted to the three-dimensional architectural/thermal imaging display screen of the display device via the transmission module. The thermal imaging camera can identify the superficial temperature change of the human body and can be used for detecting the body temperature.
The detection sensor module comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor and a black ball temperature sensor. The temperature, humidity, wind speed and black ball temperature monitored by the wireless sending module are transmitted to the microprocessor module 16, and the microprocessor module 16 calculates the air temperature t of different positions of a certain rooma(xi，yj)(ta(xi，yj)＝ta*w(xi，yj)In the formula, taData measured for temperature sensors, w(xi，yj)Combining building materials, an enclosure structure, a geographic position and external weather conditions in a three-dimensional model of the building to obtain weights of different indoor areas, wherein the weight values are obtained by the values at the actually measured (xi, yj) positions and the measured data of the device through a neural network, and the black ball temperature tg(xi，yj)(tg(xi，yj)＝tg*w(xi，yj)In the formula, tgData measured by black ball temperature sensor), air velocity (v)(xi，yi)＝v*w(xi，yj)And v is the data measured by the wind speed sensor). For example, in summer, the temperature of a certain room with windows exposed to the sun is higher than that of other places in the room, which means that the area with windows exposed to the sun takes a great weight, wherein:
(1) mean radiant temperatureFrom the calculated black-ball temperature (t)g(xi，yj)Deg. c), calculated air flow rate (v) of air(xi，yj)M/s), after calculationIndoor air temperature (t)a(xi，yj)And deg.C).
(2) Average temperature t of outer surface of dressed human bodycl(xi，yi)：
Wherein,
(3) convective heat transfer coefficient hc(xi,yi)：
(4)Pa(xi,yi)-water vapour partial pressure in ambient air;
in the formulaThe measured data of the humidity sensor. Display device's front panel is equipped with two display screens for the monitoring result of demonstration monitoring devices, and display device's right side is equipped with wireless receiving module and is used for receiving monitoring data, is equipped with wiFi module and two USB interfaces simultaneously, and the device is inside to be equipped with microprocessor module 16.
The two display screens are electrically connected with the microprocessor module 16, and the wireless receiving device is connected with the microprocessor through a signal wire.
Alarm indicating lamps are arranged above the two devices, the first alarm indicating lamp is connected with the single chip microcomputer, and when the thermal imaging camera detects that the surface temperature of the skin of the human body is abnormal, the first alarm indicating lamp starts to act; the second warning light is connected to the microprocessor module 16 and both the first and second warning lights are activated when the microprocessor calculates that the room is too cold or too hot.
The two cameras of the monitoring device are respectively used for human body thermal imaging and detection of the number of indoor personnel, dressing conditions and movement postures.
The monitoring devices are provided with three-dimensional coordinate marks which are the same as the coordinates of the building three-dimensional model, so that the monitoring positions can be represented on the building model. The three-dimensional coordinates of each room are obtained through a building three-dimensional model, the monitoring device of each room is set with the coordinate number of the formation, wherein the data sent to the processor through the monitoring device is provided with the coordinate number, the calculated data are transmitted to the model through the three-dimensional coordinate ID, different calculation results represent different thermal comfort conditions, the three-dimensional coordinate ID calculates the thermal comfort conditions of the corresponding rooms, and the confusion of the data is prevented.
The monitoring device is provided with a fixing device, the fixing device is a circular cavity, and the monitoring device can be fixed on the wall of a room.
The display device is provided with two display screens which are respectively used for displaying and monitoring basic conditions of buildings, such as building floor height, building area, building landmarks, building orientation, building materials, building envelope, outdoor weather conditions, building three-dimensional models and human body thermal imaging.
The two display screens are touchable screens. The display device is provided with a USB interface and is used for importing and exporting data.
According to the indoor intelligent monitoring method, the counted number of people, dressing conditions, attitude motion data, thermal imaging data, indoor temperature and humidity, building materials, an enclosure structure, geographical positions and other data are combined, the accuracy rate of the measured indoor thermal comfort degree is high, and meanwhile the measured data are visualized in three dimensions, so that the indoor thermal environment is reasonably evaluated, and designers are guided to provide specific measures to improve the indoor thermal environment.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make modifications and equivalents to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is set forth in the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device in a building room is characterized by comprising a monitoring device (100) for monitoring thermal comfort data in the building room and a display device (200) for displaying the thermal comfort condition in the building room in real time;
the monitoring device (100) comprises a thermal comfort monitoring unit (1), a single chip microcomputer (8), a thermal imager (2), a camera (3) and a wireless sending module (6), wherein the thermal comfort monitoring unit (1), the thermal imager (2), the camera (3) and the wireless sending module (6) are all electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer (8); the thermal comfort monitoring unit (1) comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a wind speed sensor and a black ball temperature sensor; the thermal comfort monitoring unit (1) acquires thermal comfort data in a building room in real time, the thermal imager (2) acquires thermal imaging data of a human body in the building room in real time, the camera (3) acquires image information data in the building room in real time, and the wireless sending module (6) sends the data to the display device (200);
the display device (200) comprises a microprocessor module (16), a data display screen (14), a three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen (15) and a wireless receiving module (10), wherein the wireless receiving module (10) is in communication connection with the wireless sending module (6); the microprocessor module (16) is electrically connected with the wireless receiving module (10), the data display screen (14) and the three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen (15) and is used for displaying indoor thermal comfort data of the building monitored by the thermal comfort monitoring unit (1) and indoor image information data of the building acquired by the camera (3) in real time through the data display screen (14), and displaying indoor human thermal imaging data of the building acquired by the thermal imager (2) in real time through the three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen (15).
2. An intelligent building indoor thermal comfort monitoring device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the monitoring device (100) further comprises a monitoring housing, the thermal comfort monitoring unit (1) is arranged on an upper panel of the monitoring housing, the single chip microcomputer (8) is arranged inside the monitoring housing, a fixing device (7) is arranged on a rear panel of the monitoring housing, and the thermal imager (2) and the camera (3) are arranged on a front panel of the monitoring housing;
the display device (200) further comprises a display shell, the data display screen (14) and the three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen (15) are arranged on a front panel of the display shell, and the microprocessor module (16) is arranged inside the display shell.
3. An intelligent building indoor thermal comfort monitoring device as claimed in claim 2, wherein a second power supply interface (9), a WiFi module (11) for updating outdoor air temperature conditions, a USB interface and the wireless receiving module (10) are arranged on the side panel of the display housing; the side panel of the monitoring shell is provided with a first power interface (5) and the wireless transmitting module (6).
4. An intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device in a building room as claimed in claim 2, wherein indicator lights for alarming are arranged above the monitoring device (100) and the display device (200).
5. An intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device in a building room as claimed in claim 1, wherein each monitoring device (100) is provided with a three-dimensional coordinate number which is the same as the corresponding three-dimensional model of the building, so that the monitoring position of the monitoring device (100) can be indicated on the building model.
6. An intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device in a building room as claimed in claim 1, wherein said monitoring device (100) is provided in plurality, a plurality of monitoring devices (100) are located in each room of the building, and a display device (200) is placed in the control room.
7. The monitoring method of intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device in building room of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps that a plurality of monitoring units (100) are installed in each room of a building to be detected, the monitoring units (100) detect relevant data in the building through a thermal imager (2), a camera (3) and a thermal comfort monitoring unit (1), the thermal imager (2) and the camera (3) collect image data, and the thermal comfort monitoring unit (1) collects indoor temperature, humidity, wind speed and black ball temperature of the building; the wireless sending module (6) sends the acquired data to the microprocessor module (16) through the wireless receiving module (10), and then the received data are displayed on the data display screen (14) and the three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen (15).
8. The monitoring method of the intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device in a building according to claim 7, further comprising:
outdoor weather information is acquired in real time and transmitted to a microprocessor module (16) and a data display screen (14), and the thermal imager (2) can identify the superficial temperature change of a human body for detecting the skin surface temperature of the human body by setting the thermal comfort degree distribution and the personnel thermal comfort degree condition of each position in a room; the indoor ground of the building is composed of grids with different colors and displayed in a building three-dimensional model through a three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen (15), different data are obtained through calculation of each grid, and different cold and hot conditions and thermal conditions of the area are represented through corresponding colors, so that the thermal comfort conditions of different indoor areas are represented; and if the detection result exceeds the parameter setting, sending an alarm signal.
9. The monitoring method of the intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device in a building according to claim 7, further comprising:
calculating the thermal comfort condition through a PMV equation, the building envelope, the geographical position of the building and the external weather condition, wherein the PMV equation is as follows:
wherein: m-metabolic rate, W/s;
w-human body work power, W/s;
Pa(xi，yj)water vapor partial pressure, Pa, in ambient air at- (xi, yj);
ta(xi，yi)air temperature at- (xi, yj), deg.C;
fcl-the ratio of the surface area of the dressed body to the bare body;
average radiant temperature at- (xi, yj), deg.C;
tcl(xi，yi)average temperature of the outer surface of the dressed human body at the- (xi, yj) position, DEG C;
hc(xi，yj)convective heat transfer coefficient at- (xi, yj), W/s m2*℃。
10. The monitoring method of the intelligent thermal comfort monitoring device in the building room as claimed in claim 9, wherein the parameters in the PMV equation are calculated as follows:
the camera (3) transmits image information in a room to the microprocessor of the display device through the transmission module, the microprocessor module (16) estimates the postures of the personnel through an image processing program, and then the postures of the human body are obtained, and different postures correspond to the set metabolic rate M and the work doing condition W of the human body;
the camera (3) transmits image information in the room to the microprocessor of the display device through the transmission module, the microprocessor module (16) judges the dresses of the personnel through an image processing program, different dresses correspond to different heat resistivities, and the heat resistivity I of the clothes is obtainedclFurther calculate the ratio f of the surface area of the dressed human body to the surface area of the naked bodycl；
The thermal imaging instrument (2) is transmitted to a three-dimensional building/thermal imaging display screen of the display device through a transmission module; the thermal imager (2) identifies the superficial temperature change of the human body and can be used for detecting the body temperature;
the microprocessor module (16) calculates the air temperature t of different positions of a rooma(xi，yj)，ta(xi，yj)＝ta*w(xi，yj)In the formula, taData measured for temperature sensors, w(xi，yj)Obtaining the weights of different indoor areas and the black ball temperature t by combining building materials, building envelopes, geographical positions and external weather conditions in the building three-dimensional modelg(xi，yj)，tg(xi，yj)＝tg*w(xi，yj)In the formula, tgThe data measured by the black ball temperature sensor, the air velocity v(xi，yi)＝v*w(xi，yj)Wherein v is the data measured by the wind speed sensor; wherein:
1) mean radiant temperatureDegree of rotationFrom the calculated black-ball temperature tg(xi，yj)Calculated air flow velocity v(xi，yj)Calculating the rear indoor air temperature ta(xi，yj)Calculating;
2) average temperature t of outer surface of dressed human bodycl(xi，yi)：
Wherein,
3) convective heat transfer coefficient hc(xi,yi)：
4)Pa(xi,yi)-water vapour partial pressure in ambient air;
in the formulaThe measured data of the humidity sensor.
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