CN109973461B - Explosion-proof hydraulic actuator - Google Patents
Explosion-proof hydraulic actuator Download PDFInfo
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- CN109973461B CN109973461B CN201910274036.1A CN201910274036A CN109973461B CN 109973461 B CN109973461 B CN 109973461B CN 201910274036 A CN201910274036 A CN 201910274036A CN 109973461 B CN109973461 B CN 109973461B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
- F15B15/1428—Cylinders
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model provides an explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, includes cylinder body, piston rod, solenoid valve, explosion-proof shell, connecting block, loses heart, unloads the hydraulic fluid port, its characterized in that: the cylinder body comprises an upper cylinder body and a lower cylinder body, the upper cylinder body is provided with a piston cavity and an oil outlet channel, the piston rod is slidably arranged in the piston cavity, the top of the piston cavity is connected to the communication hole, the top of the oil outlet channel is connected to the oil outlet hole, and the lower part of the oil outlet channel is connected to the bottom of the piston cavity; the anti-explosion hydraulic actuator provided by the invention is designed according to the relevant regulations in JB/T10205-2010 hydraulic cylinder technical condition. The explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism designed by the invention is mainly used for a stepless air flow regulating system of a reciprocating compressor, has the characteristics of small volume, convenient installation, high operating frequency and explosion-proof function, and is produced on a large scale in the market; meanwhile, the explosion-proof grade reaches Ex d IIB T4 Gb, the stable safety performance during working is improved, and the practical service life and the maintenance time are prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil cylinder equipment, in particular to an explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism.
Background
The hydraulic actuator is a linear motion type actuator with the output force being in direct proportion to the effective area of a piston and the pressure difference between the effective area and the two sides of the piston, the hydraulic actuator has the functions of converting hydraulic energy into mechanical energy, the input quantity of the hydraulic actuator is the flow and the pressure of fluid, the output is linear motion speed and force, the piston of the hydraulic actuator can complete linear reciprocating motion, the output linear displacement is limited, and the hydraulic actuator is an energy conversion device for converting the hydraulic energy into the mechanical energy of the reciprocating linear motion.
In the oil refining industry, the flow regulation of reciprocating compressors is often performed in a bypass reflux manner to match the changing process loads. The bypass adjustment can well complete the task of air volume adjustment, but causes a great deal of waste of electric energy. The stepless regulation system for the air quantity of the reciprocating compressor solves the problem. The intelligent air inlet valve control system controls the action of the air inlet valve through the intelligent actuating mechanism, and realizes the matching of the actual load and the process load of the compressor by means of delaying the closing of the air inlet valve. As described in japanese patent laid-open No. 201084771, US005833209A, etc., the actuator includes an electromagnetic part, a hydraulic part, and an air intake part. The actuator may also be referred to as US20040091365a1 and US20150139835a1 and the like. The oil cylinder on the market can produce great pressure in its inside when doing high-energy motion now, has the risk of bursting under some circumstances to have certain potential safety hazard.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism which is used for improving the working efficiency and the safety and the stability of an oil cylinder in the prior art. The anti-explosion hydraulic actuator provided by the invention is designed according to the relevant regulations in JB/T10205-2010 hydraulic cylinder technical condition.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, comprising a cylinder 100, a piston rod 200, a solenoid valve 300, an explosion-proof housing 400, a connecting block 500, an air release opening 600, and an oil discharge opening 700, wherein the cylinder 100 comprises an upper cylinder 111 and a lower cylinder 121, the upper cylinder 111 has a piston cavity 113 and an oil discharge channel 114, the piston rod 200 is slidably mounted in the piston cavity 113, the top of the piston cavity 113 is connected to a communication hole 332, the top of the oil discharge channel 114 is connected to an oil discharge hole 112, and the bottom of the oil discharge channel 114 is connected to the bottom of the piston cavity 113; the piston rod 200 is installed in the piston cavity 113 of the upper cylinder 111, the upper cylinder 111 is connected with the lower cylinder 121 through a hexagon screw, a guide ring 122 is arranged in the lower cylinder 121, the guide ring 122 is sleeved on the piston rod 200 and forms a guide groove 123 with the piston rod 200, one end of the guide groove 123 is connected to an oil discharge port 700, and the other end is communicated with the bottom of the piston cavity 113; an annular groove 211 is formed in the outer side surface of the piston rod 200, and the annular groove 211 and the inner side wall of the piston cavity 113 form an oil sealing area;
a sealing ring 124 is arranged below the guide ring 122 and positioned in the diversion trench 123, an air release opening 600 is arranged at the bottom of the lower cylinder body 121, and the air release opening 600 is positioned below the sealing ring 124; the connecting block 500 is sleeved outside the piston rod 200, and the bottom of the connecting block 500 is provided with a filler 511; part of the gas in the gas inlet part flows upwards from the gap between the connecting block 500 and the piston rod 200; the sealing ring 124 restricts the gas from moving upward and discharges the gas from the gas escape opening 600;
the electromagnetic valve 300 comprises a high-speed switch valve 311, a push rod 314, an armature 315, a cylinder 317 and a pressing cap 319, wherein the high-speed switch valve 311 comprises a valve core 325 and a valve cavity 326, steel balls 321 are arranged at two ends of the push rod 314, the steel balls 321 at the two ends are respectively provided with a ball guide sleeve 312, the ball guide sleeve 312 at one end is connected with the opening side of the valve cavity 326, a lower ball seat 313 is arranged on the ball guide sleeve 312 at one side, and the lower ball seat 313 is fixed on a cylindrical pin 324 through an O-shaped sealing ring 323; a cylinder 317 is arranged on the outer side of the armature 315, a limit block 316 is arranged at the end of the armature 315, the limit block 316 is connected with a pressing cap 319 through a cross recessed countersunk head screw 322, and a coil assembly 318 is wrapped on the outer side of the cylinder 317; when the valve body 325 moves toward the inside of the valve chamber 326, the high-speed switching valve 311 blocks the oil inlet 331 and the communication hole 332, and when the valve body 325 moves toward the outside of the valve chamber 326, the high-speed switching valve 311 blocks the oil outlet 112 and the communication hole 332.
Further, an explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod 200, an electromagnetic valve 300, an explosion-proof shell 400, a connecting block 500, an air leakage opening 600 and an oil discharge opening 700,
the preparation method of the upper cylinder body 111 in the cylinder body comprises the following specific steps:
a1, preparing molten metal, wherein the molten metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.35-0.42% of C, 0.30-0.60% of Mn, 0.20-0.45% of Si, 1.35-1.65% of Cr, 0.15-0.25% of Mo, 0.70-1.10% of Al, 0.30% of Cu trace, 0.30% of Ni trace, less than or equal to 0.030% of P, less than or equal to 0.030% of S, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities;
b1, when the molten metal is at 740-780 ℃, quickly and stably pouring a certain amount of molten metal into a preheated extrusion casting die cavity, quickly closing the die, pressurizing to 100-140 MPa when a punch head is close to the surface of the molten metal, maintaining the pressure for 40-60 s, and then demolding and taking out the part to obtain the upper cylinder body 111 blank;
c1, quenching and tempering HRC 28-35 heat treatment is carried out on the cylinder body blank manufactured by extrusion casting, and surface nitriding treatment is carried out on the piston cavity 113 of the cylinder body;
d1, phosphating, namely treating the blank in the step (c) by using a phosphating agent for 15-20 min at the hot fire sealing temperature of 280-320 ℃ at normal temperature, and performing shot blasting on the treated workpiece;
the preparation method of the piston rod 200 comprises the following specific steps:
a2, preparing molten metal, wherein the molten metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.8-0.9% of C, 0.30-0.60% of Mn, 0.20-0.45% of Si, 3.80-4.40% of Cr, 4.50-5.50% of Mo, 5.50-6.75% of W, 1.75-2.20% of V, 0.25% of trace of Cu, 0.25% of trace of Ni, less than or equal to 0.030% of P, less than or equal to 0.030% of S, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities;
b2, when the molten metal is at 850-;
c2, dipping the blank into the hard alloy, adsorbing the hard alloy on the surface of the blank by a catalytic reduction method, adding the temperature to 1150-1200 ℃ by an industrial sintering method to sinter and firmly bond the hard alloy on the blank, and then grinding the blank to a required size;
d2, phosphating, namely treating the blank by using a phosphating agent for 15-20 min at the sealing temperature of 540-560 ℃ by hot fire at normal temperature, and performing shot blasting treatment on the treated workpiece;
further, the upper cylinder body 111 is provided with an M6 threaded hole, and the M6 threaded hole is welded on a bolt plug and then is ground flat.
Further, the high-speed switch valve 311 of the electromagnetic valve 300 is provided with a valve core 325 and a valve cavity 326, the valve core 325 is arranged in the valve cavity 326, and the valve core 325 moves left and right after being electrified.
Further, in the explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, the working frequency of the high-speed switch valve 311 of the electromagnetic valve 300 is 0-30 Hz.
Further, an explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, explosion-proof shell 400 is made of 2A12 aluminum alloy, and the surface is treated by the following processes: 1) black oxidation, namely soaking the deoiled and acid-washed explosion-proof shell 400 in an oxidant solution at the temperature of 126-142 ℃ for 55-75 min; 2) and (3) rust prevention, and then coating a layer of 204-1 rust prevention grease.
Further, the net volume of the space in the explosion-proof shell 400 is 22-26cm2And heat-conducting silica gel is injected into the clean space in the explosion-proof shell 400.
Further, in an explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, the sealing ring 124 is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene and bronze composite material for sealing.
Further, the temperature range of the explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism is-20 ℃ to 80 ℃ when the explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism normally works.
Further, in the explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, the filler 511 material arranged at the bottom of the connecting block 500 is one or more of glass fiber, carbon or bronze polytetrafluoroethylene composite material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism manufactured by the technical scheme has the weight of only 10kg, simultaneously realizes that the thickness of the bottom wall of the blind hole of the cylinder body exceeds 3 mm, the load efficiency can reach 95.0 percent, greatly saves the energy consumption and reduces the enterprise cost;
2. the fit clearance between the piston rod 200 and the cylinder body can reach 0.001-0.003, which is obviously superior to the prior art;
3. the explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the explosion-proof grade reaches Ex d IIB T4 Gb, the stable safety performance during working is improved, the practical service life is prolonged, and the maintenance time is prolonged;
4. the explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism is mainly used for a stepless air flow regulating system of a reciprocating compressor, has the characteristics of small volume, convenience in installation, high operating frequency and explosion-proof function, and is produced on a large scale in the market.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the overall structure of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the key components of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the key components of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3A;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at B;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the key components of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 5 at C;
description of reference numerals: 100 cylinder bodies, 111 upper cylinder bodies, 112 oil outlet holes, 113 piston cavities, 114 oil outlet channels, 121 lower cylinder bodies, 122 guide rings, 123 diversion grooves, 124 sealing rings, 200 piston rods, 211 annular grooves, 300 electromagnetic valves, 311 high-speed switch valves, 312 ball guide sleeves, 313 lower ball seats, 314 push rods, 315 armatures, 316 limiting blocks, 317 cylinders, 318 coil assemblies, 319 press caps, 321 steel balls, 322 cross groove sunk screws, 323O-shaped sealing rings, 324 cylindrical pins, 325 valve cores, 326 valve cavities, 331 oil inlet holes, 332 communication holes, 400 explosion-proof shells, 500 connecting blocks, 511 fillers, 600 air release ports and 700 oil discharge ports.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The anti-explosion hydraulic actuator provided by the invention is designed according to the relevant regulations in JB/T10205-2010 hydraulic cylinder technical condition.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, comprising a cylinder, a piston rod 200, a solenoid valve 300, an explosion-proof housing 400, a connecting block 500, an air release opening 600, and an oil discharge opening 700, wherein the cylinder comprises an upper cylinder 111 and a lower cylinder 121, the upper cylinder 111 has a piston cavity 113 and an oil outlet channel 114, the piston rod 200 is slidably mounted in the piston cavity 113, the top of the piston cavity 113 is connected to the communicating hole 332, the top of the oil outlet channel 114 is connected to the oil outlet 112, and the lower part of the oil outlet channel 114 is connected to the bottom of the piston cavity 113; the piston rod 200 is installed in the piston cavity 113 of the upper cylinder 111, the upper cylinder 111 is connected with the lower cylinder 121 through a hexagon screw, a guide ring 122 is arranged in the lower cylinder 121, the guide ring 122 is sleeved on the piston rod 200 and forms a guide groove 123 with the piston rod 200, one end of the guide groove 123 is connected to an oil discharge port 700, and the other end is communicated with the bottom of the piston cavity 113; an annular groove 211 is formed in the outer side surface of the piston rod 200, and the annular groove 211 and the inner side wall of the piston cavity 113 form an oil sealing area;
a sealing ring 124 is arranged below the guide ring 122 and positioned in the diversion trench 123, an air release opening 600 is arranged at the bottom of the lower cylinder body 121, and the air release opening 600 is positioned below the sealing ring 124; the connecting block 500 is sleeved outside the piston rod 200, and the bottom of the connecting block 500 is provided with a filler 511; part of the gas in the gas inlet part flows upwards from the gap between the connecting block 500 and the piston rod 200; the sealing ring 124 restricts the gas from moving upward and discharges the gas from the gas escape opening 600;
the electromagnetic valve 300 comprises a high-speed switch valve 311, a push rod 314, an armature 315, a cylinder 317 and a pressing cap 318, wherein the high-speed switch valve 311 comprises a valve core 325 and a valve cavity 326, steel balls 321 are arranged at two ends of the push rod 314, the steel balls 321 at the two ends are respectively provided with a ball guide sleeve 312, the ball guide sleeve 312 at one end is connected with the opening side of the valve cavity 326, a lower ball seat 313 is arranged on the ball guide sleeve 312 at one side, and the lower ball seat 313 is fixed on a cylindrical pin 324 through an O-shaped sealing ring 323; a cylinder 317 is arranged on the outer side of the armature 315, a limit block 316 is arranged at the end of the armature 315, the limit block 316 is connected with a pressing cap 318 through a cross recessed countersunk head screw 322, and a coil assembly 318 is wrapped on the outer side of the cylinder 317; when the valve body 325 moves toward the inside of the valve chamber 326, the high-speed switching valve 311 blocks the oil inlet 331 and the communication hole 332, and when the valve body 325 moves toward the outside of the valve chamber 326, the high-speed switching valve 311 blocks the oil outlet 112 and the communication hole 332.
Further, an explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod 200, an electromagnetic valve 300, an explosion-proof shell 400, a connecting block 500, an air leakage opening 600 and an oil discharge opening 700,
(1) the preparation method of the upper cylinder body 111 in the cylinder body comprises the following specific steps:
a1, preparing molten metal, wherein the molten metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.35 percent of C, 0.60 percent of Mn, 0.35 percent of Si, 1.65 percent of Cr, 0.2 percent of Mo, 0.9 percent of Al, trace of Cu, trace of Ni, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities;
b1, when the molten metal is at 760 ℃, quickly and stably pouring a certain amount of molten metal into a preheated extrusion casting die cavity, quickly closing the die, pressurizing to 120 MPa when a punch head is close to the surface of the molten metal, maintaining the pressure for 60 s, then removing the die and taking out a part to obtain an upper cylinder body 111 blank;
c1, quenching and tempering HRC 28-35 heat treatment is carried out on the cylinder body blank manufactured by extrusion casting, and surface nitriding treatment is carried out on the piston cavity 113 of the cylinder body;
d1, phosphating, namely treating the blank in the step (c) for 15min by using a phosphating agent at the hot fire sealing temperature of 300 ℃ at normal temperature, and performing shot blasting treatment on the treated workpiece;
(2) the preparation method of the piston rod 200 comprises the following specific steps:
a2, preparing molten metal, wherein the molten metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.8% of C, 0.60% of Mn, 0.35% of Si, 4.4% of Cr, 5.0% of Mo, 5.5% of W, 2.20% of V, trace amounts of Cu and Ni, less than or equal to 0.030% of P, less than or equal to 0.030% of S, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities;
b2, when the molten metal is at 850 ℃, quickly and stably pouring a certain amount of molten metal into a preheated extrusion casting die cavity, quickly closing the die, pressurizing to 120 MPa when a punch head is close to the surface of the molten metal, maintaining the pressure for 40 s, then removing the die and taking out the part to obtain a piston rod 200 blank;
c2, dipping the blank into the hard alloy, adsorbing the hard alloy on the surface of the blank by a catalytic reduction method, adding the temperature to 1150 ℃ by an industrial sintering method to sinter and firmly bond the hard alloy on the blank, and then grinding the blank to a required size;
d2, phosphating, namely treating the blank by a phosphating agent for 20min at the hot fire sealing temperature of 560 ℃ at normal temperature, and performing shot blasting treatment on the treated workpiece
Further, the upper cylinder body 111 is provided with an M6 threaded hole, and the M6 threaded hole is welded on a bolt plug and then is ground flat.
Further, the high-speed switch valve 311 of the electromagnetic valve 300 is provided with a valve core 325 and a valve cavity 326, the valve core 325 is arranged in the valve cavity 326, and the valve core 325 moves left and right after being electrified.
Further, in the explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, the working frequency of the high-speed switch valve 311 of the electromagnetic valve 300 is 30 Hz.
Further, an explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, explosion-proof shell 400 is made of 2A12 aluminum alloy, and the surface is treated by the following processes: 1) black oxidation, namely soaking the deoiled and acid-washed explosion-proof shell 400 in an oxidant solution at the temperature of 134 ℃ for 55 min; 2) and (3) rust prevention, and then coating a layer of 204-1 rust prevention grease.
Further, the net volume of the space in the explosion-proof shell 400 is 26cm2And heat-conducting silica gel is injected into the clean space in the explosion-proof shell 400.
Further, in an explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, the sealing ring 124 is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene and bronze composite material for sealing.
Further, the temperature range of the explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism in normal work is 80 ℃.
Further, in the explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, the filler 511 material arranged at the bottom of the connecting block 500 is a bronze polytetrafluoroethylene composite material.
Example 2
The rest of the details are the same as those of example 1
An explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod 200, an electromagnetic valve 300, an explosion-proof shell 400, a connecting block 500, an air leakage opening 600 and an oil discharge opening 700,
(1) the preparation method of the upper cylinder body 111 in the cylinder body comprises the following specific steps:
a1, preparing molten metal, wherein the molten metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.42 percent of C, 0.30 percent of Mn, 0.20 percent of Si, 1.50 percent of Cr, 0.25 percent of Mo, 0.70 percent of Al, 0.15 percent of Cu, 0.15 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities;
b1, when the molten metal is at 740 ℃, quickly and stably pouring a certain amount of molten metal into a preheated extrusion casting die cavity, quickly closing the die, pressurizing to 140 MPa when a punch head is close to the surface of the molten metal, maintaining the pressure for 50 s, then removing the die and taking out the part to obtain the blank of the upper cylinder body 111;
c1, quenching and tempering HRC 28-35 heat treatment is carried out on the cylinder body blank manufactured by extrusion casting, and surface nitriding treatment is carried out on the piston cavity 113 of the cylinder body;
d1, phosphating, namely treating the blank in the step (c) for 20min by using a phosphating agent at the hot fire sealing temperature of 320 ℃ at normal temperature, and performing shot blasting treatment on the treated workpiece;
(2) the preparation method of the piston rod 200 comprises the following specific steps:
a2, preparing molten metal, wherein the molten metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.9 percent of C, 0.45 percent of Mn, 0.20 percent of Si, 3.80 percent of Cr, 5.50 percent of Mo, 6.75 percent of W, 2.00 percent of V, 0.25 percent of Cu, 0.25 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities;
b2, when the molten metal is at 870 ℃, quickly and stably pouring a certain amount of molten metal into a preheated extrusion casting die cavity, quickly closing the die, pressurizing to 100 MPa when a punch head is close to the surface of the molten metal, maintaining the pressure for 60 s, then removing the die and taking out a part to obtain a piston rod 200 blank;
c2, dipping the blank into the hard alloy, adsorbing the hard alloy on the surface of the blank by a catalytic reduction method, adding the hard alloy to 1200 ℃ by an industrial sintering method to sinter and firmly bond the hard alloy on the blank, and then grinding the blank to a required size;
d2, phosphating, namely treating the blank by a phosphating agent for 15min at the sealing temperature of 550 ℃ under hot fire at normal temperature, and performing shot blasting treatment on the treated workpiece
Further, the upper cylinder body 111 is provided with an M6 threaded hole, and the M6 threaded hole is welded on a bolt plug and then is ground flat.
Further, the high-speed switch valve 311 of the electromagnetic valve 300 is provided with a valve core 325 and a valve cavity 326, the valve core 325 is arranged in the valve cavity 326, and the valve core 325 moves left and right after being electrified.
Further, in the explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, the working frequency of the high-speed switch valve 311 of the electromagnetic valve 300 is 1 Hz.
Further, an explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, explosion-proof shell 400 is made of 2A12 aluminum alloy, and the surface is treated by the following processes: 1) black oxidation, namely soaking the deoiled and acid-washed explosion-proof shell 400 in an oxidant solution at the temperature of 142 ℃ for 55 min; 2) and (3) rust prevention, and then coating a layer of 204-1 rust prevention grease.
Further, the net volume of the space in the explosion-proof shell 400 is 22 cm2And heat-conducting silica gel is injected into the clean space in the explosion-proof shell 400.
Further, in an explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, the sealing ring 124 is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene and bronze composite material for sealing.
Further, the temperature range of the explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism during normal work is-20 ℃.
Further, in the explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, the filler 511 material arranged at the bottom of the connecting block 500 is glass fiber.
Example 3
The rest of the details are the same as those of example 1
An explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod 200, an electromagnetic valve 300, an explosion-proof shell 400, a connecting block 500, an air leakage opening 600 and an oil discharge opening 700,
(1) the preparation method of the upper cylinder body 111 in the cylinder body comprises the following specific steps:
a1, preparing molten metal, wherein the molten metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.38 percent of C, 0.45 percent of Mn, 0.45 percent of Si, 1.35 percent of Cr, 0.15 percent of Mo, 1.10 percent of Al, 0.30 percent of Cu, 0.30 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of S, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities;
b1, when the molten metal is at 780 ℃, quickly and stably pouring a certain amount of molten metal into a preheated extrusion casting die cavity, quickly closing the die, pressurizing to 100 MPa when a punch head is close to the surface of the molten metal, maintaining the pressure for 40 s, then removing the die and taking out the part to obtain an upper cylinder body 111 blank;
c1, quenching and tempering HRC 28-35 heat treatment is carried out on the cylinder body blank manufactured by extrusion casting, and surface nitriding treatment is carried out on the piston cavity 113 of the cylinder body;
d1, phosphating, namely treating the blank in the step (c) for 18min by using a phosphating agent at the hot fire sealing temperature of 280 ℃ at normal temperature, and performing shot blasting treatment on the treated workpiece;
(2) the preparation method of the piston rod 200 comprises the following specific steps:
a2, preparing molten metal, wherein the molten metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.85% of C, 0.30% of Mn, 0.45% of Si, 4.10% of Cr, 4.50% of Mo, 6.10% of W, 1.75% of V, 0.12% of Cu, 0.12% of Ni, less than or equal to 0.030% of P, less than or equal to 0.030% of S, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities;
b2, when the molten metal is at 890 ℃, quickly and stably pouring a certain amount of molten metal into a preheated extrusion casting die cavity, quickly closing the die, pressurizing to 140 MPa when a punch head is close to the surface of the molten metal, maintaining the pressure for 50 s, then removing the die and taking out a part to obtain a piston rod 200 blank;
c2, dipping the blank into the hard alloy, adsorbing the hard alloy on the surface of the blank by a catalytic reduction method, adding the temperature to 1180 ℃ by an industrial sintering method to sinter and firmly bond the hard alloy on the blank, and then grinding the blank to a required size;
d2, phosphating, namely treating the blank for 18min by using a phosphating agent at the hot fire sealing temperature of 540 ℃ at normal temperature, and performing shot blasting treatment on the treated workpiece
Further, the upper cylinder body 111 is provided with an M6 threaded hole, and the M6 threaded hole is welded on a bolt plug and then is ground flat.
Further, the high-speed switch valve 311 of the electromagnetic valve 300 is provided with a valve core 325 and a valve cavity 326, the valve core 325 is arranged in the valve cavity 326, and the valve core 325 moves left and right after being electrified.
Further, in the explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, the working frequency of the high-speed switch valve 311 of the electromagnetic valve 300 is 15 Hz.
Further, an explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, explosion-proof shell 400 is made of 2A12 aluminum alloy, and the surface is treated by the following processes: 1) black oxidation, namely soaking the deoiled and acid-washed explosion-proof shell 400 in an oxidant solution at the temperature of 126 ℃ for 75 min; 2) and (3) rust prevention, and then coating a layer of 204-1 rust prevention grease.
Further, the net volume of the space in the explosion-proof shell 400 is 24 cm2And heat-conducting silica gel is injected into the clean space in the explosion-proof shell 400.
Further, in an explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, the sealing ring 124 is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene and bronze composite material for sealing.
Further, the temperature range of the explosion-proof hydraulic actuator in normal operation is 50 ℃.
Further, in the explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, the filler 511 material arranged at the bottom of the connecting block 500 is a composite material of glass fiber and carbon.
Comparative example 4
The rest of the details are the same as those of example 1
An explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism comprises a cylinder body, a piston rod 200, an electromagnetic valve 300, an explosion-proof shell 400, a connecting block 500, an air leakage opening 600 and an oil discharge opening 700,
(1) the preparation method of the upper cylinder body 111 in the cylinder body comprises the following specific steps:
a1, preparing molten metal, wherein the molten metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.50% of C, 0.10% of Mn, 0.60% of Si, 1.00% of Cr, 0.50% of Mo, 0.20% of Al, 0.50% of Cu, 0.50% of Ni, 0.10% of P, 0.10% of S, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities;
b1, when the molten metal is at 650 ℃, quickly and stably pouring a certain amount of molten metal into a preheated extrusion casting die cavity, quickly closing the die, pressurizing to 100-180 MPa when a punch head is close to the surface of the molten metal, maintaining the pressure for 20 s, then demolding, and taking out the part to obtain the blank of the upper cylinder body 111;
c1, quenching and tempering HRC 28-35 heat treatment is carried out on the cylinder body blank manufactured by extrusion casting, and surface nitriding treatment is carried out on the piston cavity 113 of the cylinder body;
d1, phosphating, namely treating the blank in the step (c) for 30 min by using a phosphating agent at the hot fire sealing temperature of 350 ℃ at normal temperature, and performing shot blasting treatment on the treated workpiece;
(2) the preparation method of the piston rod 200 comprises the following specific steps:
a2, preparing molten metal, wherein the molten metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 1.50% of C, 0.90% of Mn, 0.10% of Si, 2.50% of Cr, 6.50% of Mo, 1.20% of W, 3.50% of V, 0.50% of Cu, 0.50% of Ni, 0.10% of P, 0.10% of S, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities;
b2, when the molten metal is at 1100 ℃, quickly and stably pouring a certain amount of molten metal into a preheated extrusion casting die cavity, quickly closing the die, pressurizing to 100-80 MPa when a punch head is close to the surface of the molten metal, maintaining the pressure for 100s, then demolding, and taking out the part to obtain a piston rod 200 blank;
c2, dipping the blank into the hard alloy, adsorbing the hard alloy on the surface of the blank by a catalytic reduction method, adding the temperature to 900 ℃ by an industrial sintering method to sinter and firmly bond the hard alloy on the blank, and then grinding the blank to a required size;
d2, phosphating, namely treating the blank for 5min by using a phosphating agent at the hot fire sealing temperature of 600 ℃ at normal temperature, and performing shot blasting on the treated workpiece.
Further, an explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, explosion-proof shell 400 is made of 2A12 aluminum alloy, and the surface is treated by the following processes: 1) black oxidation, namely soaking the deoiled and acid-washed explosion-proof shell 400 in an oxidant solution at the temperature of 160 ℃ for 30 min; 2) and (3) rust prevention, and then coating a layer of 204-1 rust prevention grease.
Further, the temperature range of the explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism in normal work is 100 ℃.
The technical effects of the device according to the invention obtained by the examples are in particular as follows:
load efficiency: calculated according to 8400 hours of operation of the 2000KW reciprocating compressor in one year.
As can be seen from the data in the above table, the load efficiency of example 1 reached 95% and the weight was 10kg, the load efficiency of example 2 reached 92.5% and the weight was 10.4 kg, and the load efficiency of example 3 reached 94.3% and the weight was 10.3kg, and the technical effect of example 1 was the most significant compared to examples 2-3 and comparative example 1.
The points to be finally explained are: first, in the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly, and may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, or a communication between two elements, and may be a direct connection, and "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate a relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the object to be described is changed, the relative positional relationship may be changed;
secondly, the method comprises the following steps: in the drawings of the disclosed embodiments of the invention, only the structures related to the disclosed embodiments are referred to, other structures can refer to common designs, and the same embodiment and different embodiments of the invention can be combined with each other without conflict;
and finally: the conventional operations in the operation steps of the present invention are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein. The embodiments described above are intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, additions or similar substitutions made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides an explosion-proof hydraulic actuator, includes cylinder body (100), piston rod (200), solenoid valve (300), explosion-proof shell (400), connecting block (500), loses heart (600), unloads hydraulic fluid port (700), its characterized in that: the cylinder body (100) comprises an upper cylinder body (111) and a lower cylinder body (121), the upper cylinder body (111) is provided with a piston cavity (113) and an oil outlet channel (114), the piston rod (200) is slidably installed in the piston cavity (113), the top of the piston cavity (113) is connected to a communication hole (332), the top of the oil outlet channel (114) is connected to an oil outlet hole (112), and the bottom of the oil outlet channel (114) is connected to the bottom of the piston cavity (113); the piston rod (200) is arranged in a piston cavity (113) of the upper cylinder body (111), the upper cylinder body (111) is connected with the lower cylinder body (121) through a hexagon screw, a guide ring (122) is arranged in the lower cylinder body (121), the guide ring (122) is sleeved on the piston rod (200) and forms a flow guide groove (123) with the piston rod (200), one end of the flow guide groove (123) is connected to an oil unloading port (700), and the other end of the flow guide groove is communicated with the bottom of the piston cavity (113); an annular groove (211) is formed in the outer side face of the piston rod (200), and an oil sealing area is formed by the annular groove (211) and the inner side wall of the piston cavity (113);
the guide ring (122) is positioned below the diversion trench (123) and provided with a sealing ring (124), the bottom of the lower cylinder body (121) is provided with an air release opening (600), and the air release opening (600) is positioned below the sealing ring (124); the connecting block (500) is sleeved outside the piston rod (200), and the bottom of the connecting block (500) is provided with a filler (511); part of gas in the gas inlet component flows upwards from a gap between the connecting block (500) and the piston rod (200); the sealing ring (124) limits the gas to move upwards and discharges the gas from the air release opening (600);
the electromagnetic valve (300) component comprises a high-speed switch valve (311), a push rod (314), an armature (315), a cylinder (317) and a pressing cap (319), the high-speed switch valve (311) is provided with a valve core (325) and a valve cavity (326), steel balls (321) are arranged at two ends of the push rod (314), ball guide sleeves (312) are arranged on the steel balls (321) at the two ends, the ball guide sleeve (312) at one end is connected with the opening side of the valve cavity (326), a lower ball seat (313) is arranged on the ball guide sleeve (312) at one side, and the lower ball seat (313) is fixed on a cylindrical pin (324) through an O-shaped sealing ring (; a cylinder (317) is arranged on the outer side of the armature (315), a limiting block (316) is arranged at the end part of the armature (315), the limiting block (316) is connected with a pressing cap (319) through a cross-shaped recessed countersunk head screw (322), and a coil assembly (318) is wrapped on the outer side of the cylinder (317); when the valve core (325) moves towards the inner side of the valve cavity (326), the high-speed switch valve (311) cuts off the oil inlet hole (331) and the communication hole (332), and when the valve core (325) moves towards the outer side of the valve cavity (326), the high-speed switch valve (311) cuts off the oil outlet hole (112) and the communication hole (332);
the preparation method of the upper cylinder body (111) in the cylinder body comprises the following specific steps:
a1, preparing molten metal, wherein the molten metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.35-0.42% of C, 0.30-0.60% of Mn, 0.20-0.45% of Si, 1.35-1.65% of Cr, 0.15-0.25% of Mo, 0.70-1.10% of Al, 0.30% of Cu trace, 0.30% of Ni trace, less than or equal to 0.03% of P, less than or equal to 0.03% of S, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities;
b1, when the molten metal is at 740-780 ℃, quickly and stably pouring a certain amount of molten metal into a preheated extrusion casting die cavity, quickly closing the die, pressurizing to 100-140 MPa when a punch head is close to the surface of the molten metal, maintaining the pressure for 40-60 s, and then demolding and taking out the part to obtain the blank of the upper cylinder body (111);
c1, quenching and tempering HRC 28-35 heat treatment is carried out on the cylinder body blank manufactured by extrusion casting, and surface nitriding treatment is carried out on the piston cavity (113) of the cylinder body;
d1, phosphating, namely treating the blank in the step (c 1) by using a phosphating agent for 15-20 min at the hot fire sealing temperature of 280-320 ℃ at normal temperature, and performing shot blasting on the treated workpiece;
the preparation method of the piston rod (200) comprises the following specific steps:
a2, preparing molten metal, wherein the molten metal comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.8-0.9% of C, 0.30-0.60% of Mn, 0.20-0.45% of Si, 3.80-4.40% of Cr, 4.50-5.50% of Mo, 5.50-6.75% of W, 1.75-2.20% of V, 0.25% of trace Cu, 0.25% of trace of Ni, less than or equal to 0.03% of P, less than or equal to 0.03% of S, and the balance of aluminum and inevitable impurities;
b2, when the molten metal is at 850-;
c2, dipping the blank (b 2) in hard alloy, adsorbing the hard alloy on the surface of the blank by a catalytic reduction method, adding the temperature to 1150-1200 ℃ by an industrial sintering method to sinter and firmly bond the hard alloy on the blank, and then grinding the blank to a required size;
d2, performing phosphating treatment on the blank in the step (c 2), and performing shot blasting treatment on the treated workpiece by adopting a phosphating agent for 15-20 min at normal temperature and at the hot fire sealing temperature of 540-560 ℃;
the upper cylinder body (111) is provided with an M6 threaded hole, and the M6 threaded hole is welded on a bolt plug and then is ground flat;
the high-speed switch valve (311) of the electromagnetic valve (300) is provided with a valve core (325) and a valve cavity (326), the valve core (325) is arranged in the valve cavity (326), and the valve core (325) moves left and right after being electrified;
the working frequency of the high-speed switch valve (311) of the electromagnetic valve (300) is 0-30 Hz;
the explosion-proof shell (400) is made of 2A12 aluminum alloy, and the surface is treated by the following steps: 1) black oxidation, namely soaking the deoiled and acid-washed explosion-proof shell (400) in an oxidant solution at the temperature of 126-142 ℃ for 55-75 min; 2) rust prevention, and then coating a layer of 204-1 rust prevention grease;
the net volume of the inner space of the explosion-proof shell (400) is 22-26cm2Injecting heat-conducting silica gel into the clean space in the explosion-proof shell (400);
the sealing ring (124) is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene and bronze combined material for sealing;
the temperature range of the explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism is-20-80 ℃ when the explosion-proof hydraulic actuating mechanism works normally;
the packing (511) arranged at the bottom of the connecting block (500) is made of one or more of glass fiber, carbon or bronze polytetrafluoroethylene composite materials.
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