CN109972763A - A Zn-Al alloy damper - Google Patents
A Zn-Al alloy damper Download PDFInfo
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- CN109972763A CN109972763A CN201910359775.0A CN201910359775A CN109972763A CN 109972763 A CN109972763 A CN 109972763A CN 201910359775 A CN201910359775 A CN 201910359775A CN 109972763 A CN109972763 A CN 109972763A
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 229910007570 Zn-Al Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 230000021715 photosynthesis, light harvesting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000611 Zinc aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及土木工程抗震与减震技术领域，具体涉及一种Zn‑Al合金阻尼器。包括Zn‑Al合金耗能片、上锚固板、下锚固板、长方形腹板与圆弧腹板；圆弧腹板垂直焊接于长方形腹板中部两侧，形成十字框架耗能结构，多个十字框架相互平行，上锚固板与下锚固板相互平行，多个十字框架垂直焊接在上锚固板与下锚固板之间，位于上锚固板与下锚固板中部；Zn‑Al合金耗能片设有多个孔，多个Zn‑Al合金耗能片相互平行，多个Zn‑Al合金耗能片垂直焊接于上锚固板与下锚固板之间，位于十字框架两侧；Zn‑Al合金耗能片、上锚固板、下锚固板、长方形腹板与圆弧腹板均采用Zn‑Al合金材料制作。本发明耗能性好，便于加工，稳定性强，成本低，绿色环保，用途广泛。
The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake resistance and shock absorption in civil engineering, in particular to a Zn-Al alloy damper. Including Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet, upper anchor plate, lower anchor plate, rectangular web and arc web; the arc web is vertically welded on both sides of the middle of the rectangular web to form a cross frame energy dissipation structure with multiple crosses. The frames are parallel to each other, the upper anchor plate and the lower anchor plate are parallel to each other, and a plurality of cross frames are vertically welded between the upper anchor plate and the lower anchor plate, and are located in the middle of the upper anchor plate and the lower anchor plate; the Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet is provided with Multiple holes, multiple Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation plates are parallel to each other, and multiple Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation plates are vertically welded between the upper anchor plate and the lower anchor plate, located on both sides of the cross frame; Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation plates The sheet, upper anchor plate, lower anchor plate, rectangular web and arc web are all made of Zn-Al alloy material. The invention has good energy consumption, easy processing, strong stability, low cost, environmental protection and wide application.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及土木工程抗震与减震技术领域，具体涉及一种Zn-Al合金阻尼器。The invention relates to the technical field of earthquake resistance and shock absorption of civil engineering, in particular to a Zn-Al alloy damper.
背景技术Background technique
金属可以通过弹塑性变形消耗地震输入的能量，因此可以用金属来制作各种各样的阻尼器，已知的普通金属软钢阻尼器形式单一、制作材料单一。普通软钢金属阻尼器存在着四个方面的问题。第一，软钢阻尼器构建在加工切割时，容易产生局部应力集中现象、残余应力和应变的现象；第二，剪切型金属阻尼器在平面内受力时，容易出现平面外失稳现象。第三，受普通金属材料本身力学性能限制，阻尼器的耗能效果比较差。第四、普通金属阻尼器使用的钢材易腐蚀，且废旧材料回收成本比较高，并且会对环境产生污染。Metal can consume the energy input by earthquake through elastic-plastic deformation, so various dampers can be made of metal. The known ordinary metal mild steel damper has a single form and a single material. There are four problems with ordinary mild steel metal dampers. First, the mild steel damper is easy to produce local stress concentration, residual stress and strain when it is constructed and cut; second, when the shear type metal damper is stressed in the plane, it is prone to out-of-plane instability. . Third, due to the limitation of the mechanical properties of ordinary metal materials, the energy dissipation effect of the damper is relatively poor. Fourth, the steel used in ordinary metal dampers is easy to corrode, and the recycling cost of waste materials is relatively high, and it will pollute the environment.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供了一种Zn-Al合金阻尼器。耗能性好，减少了应力集中现象，稳定性强，成本低，绿色环保。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a Zn-Al alloy damper. Good energy consumption, reduced stress concentration, strong stability, low cost, green and environmental protection.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案实现：To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to realize:
一种Zn-Al合金阻尼器，包括Zn-Al合金耗能片、上锚固板、下锚固板、长方形腹板与圆弧腹板；圆弧腹板垂直焊接于长方形腹板中部两侧，形成十字框架耗能结构，多个十字框架相互平行，上锚固板与下锚固板相互平行，多个十字框架垂直焊接在上锚固板与下锚固板之间，位于上锚固板与下锚固板中部；Zn-Al合金耗能片设有多个孔，多个Zn-Al合金耗能片相互平行，多个Zn-Al合金耗能片垂直焊接于上锚固板与下锚固板之间，位于十字框架两侧；Zn-Al合金耗能片、上锚固板、下锚固板、长方形腹板与圆弧腹板均采用Zn-Al合金材料制作。A Zn-Al alloy damper comprises a Zn-Al alloy energy dissipating sheet, an upper anchor plate, a lower anchor plate, a rectangular web and a circular arc web; the circular arc web is vertically welded on both sides of the middle of the rectangular web to form Cross frame energy consumption structure, multiple cross frames are parallel to each other, upper anchor plate and lower anchor plate are parallel to each other, multiple cross frames are vertically welded between the upper anchor plate and the lower anchor plate, and are located in the middle of the upper anchor plate and the lower anchor plate; The Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet is provided with a plurality of holes, the multiple Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheets are parallel to each other, and the multiple Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheets are vertically welded between the upper anchor plate and the lower anchor plate, located in the cross frame Both sides; Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet, upper anchor plate, lower anchor plate, rectangular web and arc web are all made of Zn-Al alloy material.
所述Zn-Al合金耗能片为平板结构，中部设有4个椭圆形孔，4个椭圆形孔相互平行，4个椭圆形孔的间距小于孔边缘与板边沿之间的距离。The Zn-Al alloy energy dissipating sheet has a flat plate structure with four oval holes in the middle, the four oval holes are parallel to each other, and the spacing between the four oval holes is smaller than the distance between the hole edge and the plate edge.
所述十字框架两侧对称各设有两个Zn-Al合金耗能片，两侧的Zn-Al合金耗能片间距相同。Two Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheets are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the cross frame, and the Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheets on both sides have the same spacing.
所述上锚固板与下锚固板为平板结构，两侧设有螺栓孔。The upper anchor plate and the lower anchor plate are flat plate structures, and bolt holes are arranged on both sides.
所述长方形腹板为长方形平板结构，圆弧腹板为平板结构，其一侧设有圆弧形豁口。The rectangular web is a rectangular flat plate structure, and the circular arc web is a flat plate structure, one side of which is provided with a circular arc gap.
所述Zn-Al合金耗能片、上锚固板、下锚固板、长方形腹板与圆弧腹板均采用水切割加工，所述焊接采用MIG焊。The Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet, the upper anchor plate, the lower anchor plate, the rectangular web and the arc web are all processed by water cutting, and the welding is MIG welding.
与现有的技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1)本发明将十字框架耗能结构与Zn-Al合金耗能片两种耗能方式组合在一起；弯曲屈服型阻尼器通过改变耗能片的屈服强度、厚度和高度的方法来实现分阶段屈服；剪切屈服型阻尼器设置不同尺寸的开孔来实现分阶段屈服；因此本发明具有较好的耗能性质。(1) The present invention combines two energy dissipation modes of the cross frame energy dissipation structure and the Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet; the bending yield damper realizes the separation by changing the yield strength, thickness and height of the energy dissipation sheet. Staged yielding; the shear yielding damper is provided with openings of different sizes to achieve staged yielding; therefore, the present invention has better energy dissipation properties.
(2)本发明具有两道减震防线，分别是Zn-Al合金耗能片的塑形变形耗能与Zn-Al合金十字框架耗能结构的塑性变形耗能，更加安全、可靠，同时具有良好的耗能能力，在实际工程中具有更广泛的应用前景。(2) The present invention has two shock absorption defense lines, which are the plastic deformation energy consumption of the Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet and the plastic deformation energy consumption of the Zn-Al alloy cross frame energy dissipation structure, which is safer and more reliable. It has good energy consumption ability and has wider application prospects in practical engineering.
(3)本发明采用焊接的方式连接，便于加工，同时也防止主要耗能部件和上锚固板、下锚固板在地震时发生松动而致使耗能效果大大折减，经济效益也好，不但可放置于梁内，还可以用于梁下，因此具有较广的用途。(3) The present invention is connected by welding, which is convenient for processing, and also prevents the main energy-consuming components, the upper anchor plate and the lower anchor plate from loosening during an earthquake, which greatly reduces the energy consumption effect, and has good economic benefits. It is placed in the beam and can also be used under the beam, so it has a wide range of uses.
(4)应力集中主要是由于材料在切割时存在棱角致使应力集中，因此Zn-Al合金耗能片和Zn-Al合金十字框架耗能结构的尖角部分均切割为光滑圆弧；本发明的主要耗能部件棱角切割的部位极少，因此也减少了应力集中现象。(4) The stress concentration is mainly due to the existence of edges and corners of the material during cutting, so the sharp corners of the Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet and the Zn-Al alloy cross frame energy dissipation structure are all cut into smooth arcs; The main energy-consuming components have very few edges and corners, thus reducing stress concentrations.
(5)残余应力和应变主要是由于材料在裁剪时边上受力不均匀，因此随着时间的推移四个角慢慢上翘，因此本发明为避免以上现象所以采用水切割加工。(5) Residual stress and strain are mainly due to the uneven force on the edges of the material during cutting, so the four corners are slowly upturned over time. Therefore, the present invention adopts water cutting to avoid the above phenomenon.
(6)阻尼器的耗能形式可以分为平面内屈服和平面外屈服两种，为解决阻尼器的平面内屈服初始刚度大，Zn-Al合金耗能片通过椭圆形开孔解决这个问题；平面外屈服承载力小，初始刚度低，易出现失稳现象，所以采用十字框架耗能结构来为平面外提供刚度，保证其面外稳定性，进而把阻尼器的性能发挥到极致。(6) The energy dissipation forms of the damper can be divided into two types: in-plane yielding and out-of-plane yielding. In order to solve the large initial stiffness of the in-plane yielding of the damper, the Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet solves this problem through elliptical openings; The out-of-plane yield bearing capacity is small, the initial stiffness is low, and instability is prone to occur. Therefore, the cross-frame energy dissipation structure is used to provide out-of-plane stiffness and ensure its out-of-plane stability, thereby maximizing the performance of the damper.
(7)Zn-Al合金阻尼器的耗能结构、耗能片焊接在上锚固板与下锚固板上，锚固板通过螺栓连接在梁上，本发明便于更换。(7) The energy dissipation structure and energy dissipation sheet of the Zn-Al alloy damper are welded on the upper anchor plate and the lower anchor plate, and the anchor plates are connected to the beam by bolts, and the present invention is convenient for replacement.
(8)本发明采用Zn-Al合金作为原材料，因其具有良好的力学性能、耐磨性好、铸造和机械加工性能优良、成本低等一系列优点；并且Zn-Al合金回收率较高，当阻尼器发生破坏时废旧材料可回收，节约资源保护环境。(8) The present invention adopts Zn-Al alloy as raw material, because it has a series of advantages such as good mechanical properties, good wear resistance, excellent casting and machining performance, low cost, etc.; and the recovery rate of Zn-Al alloy is relatively high, When the damper is damaged, the waste materials can be recycled, saving resources and protecting the environment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明立体结构示意图；1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
图2为本发明结构另一角度立体结构示意图(不包括上锚固板)；Fig. 2 is another perspective three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention (excluding the upper anchor plate);
图3为本发明十字框架立体结构示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cross frame of the present invention;
图4为本发明Zn-Al合金耗能片结构示意图；Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the Zn-Al alloy energy dissipating sheet of the present invention;
图5为本发明长方形腹板结构示意图；Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rectangular web of the present invention;
图6为本发明圆弧腹板结构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the arc web of the present invention.
图中：1-Zn-Al合金耗能片 2-上锚固板 3-下锚固板 4-长方形腹板 5-圆弧腹板6-椭圆形孔 7-螺栓孔 8-圆弧形豁口In the picture: 1-Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet 2-upper anchor plate 3-lower anchor plate 4-rectangular web 5-arc web 6-oval hole 7-bolt hole 8-arc gap
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进一步说明：The specific embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
实施例：Example:
一种Zn-Al合金阻尼器，包括Zn-Al合金耗能片1、上锚固板2、下锚固板3、长方形腹板4与圆弧腹板5。Zn-Al合金耗能片1、上锚固板2、下锚固板3、长方形腹板4与圆弧腹板5均采用Zn-Al合金材料制作。Zn-Al合金耗能片1、上锚固板2、下锚固板3、长方形腹板4与圆弧腹板5均采用水切割加工。A Zn-Al alloy damper includes a Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet 1 , an upper anchor plate 2 , a lower anchor plate 3 , a rectangular web 4 and a circular arc web 5 . The Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet 1, the upper anchor plate 2, the lower anchor plate 3, the rectangular web 4 and the arc web 5 are all made of Zn-Al alloy material. The Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet 1, the upper anchor plate 2, the lower anchor plate 3, the rectangular web 4 and the arc web 5 are all processed by water cutting.
Zn-Al合金耗能片1为平板结构，尺寸为340mm×280mm×12mm，中心线上设有4个椭圆形孔6，椭圆尺寸为：长半径a＝60mm、短半径b＝25mm，椭圆圆心距70mm，4个椭圆形孔6相互平行，椭圆与椭圆之间有20mm的间隔，最外部的椭圆边缘到耗能片边缘的距离为40mm。The Zn-Al alloy energy dissipating sheet 1 is a flat plate structure with a size of 340mm×280mm×12mm, and four oval holes 6 are arranged on the center line. At a distance of 70mm, the four oval holes 6 are parallel to each other, there is an interval of 20mm between the ovals, and the distance from the outermost oval edge to the edge of the energy dissipation sheet is 40mm.
上锚固板2与下锚固板3结构相同，均为平板结构，其尺寸为：400mm×400mm×20mm，两侧各设有3个直径R＝18mm的螺栓孔7，螺栓孔7之间的圆心距相同，圆心距为135mm。The upper anchoring plate 2 and the lower anchoring plate 3 have the same structure, both of which are flat plate structures. The distance is the same, and the center-to-center distance is 135mm.
长方形腹板4为平板结构，其尺寸为280mm×80mm×12mm。圆弧腹板6为平板结构，尺寸为：280mm×55mm×12mm，一侧设有半径r＝370mm的圆弧形豁口8。The rectangular web 4 is a flat plate structure, and its size is 280mm×80mm×12mm. The circular arc web 6 is a flat plate structure with a size of 280mm×55mm×12mm, and a circular arc gap 8 with a radius of r=370mm is provided on one side.
圆弧腹板6垂直焊接于长方形腹板4中部两侧，焊接采用MIG焊，形成十字框架耗能结构，上锚固板2与下锚固板3相互平行，2个十字框架垂直焊接在上锚固板2与下锚固板3之间，2个十字框架相互平行，位于上锚固板2与下锚固板3中部。The arc web 6 is vertically welded on both sides of the middle of the rectangular web 4, and MIG welding is used to form a cross frame energy dissipation structure. The upper anchor plate 2 and the lower anchor plate 3 are parallel to each other, and the two cross frames are vertically welded to the upper anchor plate. 2 and the lower anchoring plate 3, the two cross frames are parallel to each other and are located in the middle of the upper anchoring plate 2 and the lower anchoring plate 3.
4个Zn-Al合金耗能片1分别焊接在十字框架两侧，两侧对称各设有2个Zn-Al合金耗能片1，焊接采用MIG焊，两侧的Zn-Al合金耗能片1间距相同，间距为30mm。Four Zn-Al alloy energy dissipators 1 are welded on both sides of the cross frame respectively, and two Zn-Al alloy energy dissipators 1 are symmetrically arranged on both sides. The welding adopts MIG welding, and the Zn-Al alloy energy dissipators on both sides are 1 The spacing is the same, and the spacing is 30mm.
Zn-Al合金是以Zn、Al两种元素为主，Cu、Mg为辅助的多元化合金。软Zn-Al合金锌铝合金因其具有良好的力学性能、耐磨性好、铸造和机械加工性能优良、成本低等一系列优点。Zn-Al合金具有较高的强度和硬度，同时仍保持了良好的塑性和韧性；Zn-Al合金具有良好的成型性能，表面容易进行电镀、阳极处理等装饰加工。此外Zn-Al合金无磁性，受冲击不产生火花，适于在有防爆的场合工作。Zn-Al合金在弹塑性变形过程中可吸收大量的能量，有较高的柔性和延展性，有较好的变形跟踪能力，环境和温度对其性能没有明显的影响，并且Zn-Al合金具有造价低廉的特点；然而几乎所有的钢弹塑性耗能器都是由软钢和低屈服点钢制成，没有用Zn-Al合金制作金属阻尼器的，所以Zn-Al合金阻尼器具有广阔的应用前景。目前研制的主要类型有梁式耗能器、钢棒耗能器、钢元件耗能器、圆环(方框)耗能器、加劲耗能装置、蜂窝状耗能器、槽型耗能器、无粘接支撑、Luara型耗能器、剪切联结耗能器等。Zn-Al alloy is a diversified alloy with Zn and Al as the main elements, and Cu and Mg as the auxiliary. Soft Zn-Al alloy zinc-aluminum alloy has a series of advantages such as good mechanical properties, good wear resistance, excellent casting and machining properties, and low cost. Zn-Al alloy has high strength and hardness, while still maintaining good plasticity and toughness; Zn-Al alloy has good formability, and the surface is easy to carry out decorative processing such as electroplating and anodizing. In addition, the Zn-Al alloy is non-magnetic and does not produce sparks when it is impacted, so it is suitable for working in explosion-proof occasions. Zn-Al alloys can absorb a lot of energy in the process of elastic-plastic deformation, have high flexibility and ductility, and have good deformation tracking ability. The environment and temperature have no obvious effect on their properties, and Zn-Al alloys have The characteristics of low cost; however, almost all steel elastic-plastic energy dissipators are made of mild steel and low yield point steel, and no metal dampers are made of Zn-Al alloys, so Zn-Al alloy dampers have a wide range of application prospects. The main types currently developed are beam-type energy dissipators, steel bar energy-dissipators, steel element energy-dissipators, ring (box) energy-dissipators, stiffening energy-dissipators, honeycomb-shaped energy-dissipators, and groove-type energy-dissipators , No adhesive support, Luara-type energy dissipation device, shear coupling energy dissipation device, etc.
本发明耗能方式主要利用Zn-Al合金的塑性变形，在受到高于该地区抗震设防烈度的地震作用时，阻尼器启动工作，此时阻尼器为结构提供抗侧刚度。另一方面，由于Zn-Al合金发生塑形变形，耗散了大部分的地震能量，间接减小了结构受到的地震作用，达到了保护主体结构在受到高于该地区设防烈度的地震作用时不破坏的目的。The energy dissipation method of the present invention mainly utilizes the plastic deformation of the Zn-Al alloy. When subjected to an earthquake action higher than the seismic fortification intensity of the area, the damper starts to work, and the damper provides lateral stiffness for the structure. On the other hand, due to the plastic deformation of the Zn-Al alloy, most of the seismic energy is dissipated, which indirectly reduces the seismic action of the structure, and achieves the protection of the main structure when it is subjected to earthquake action higher than the fortification intensity of the area. not destroy the purpose.
本发明将十字框架耗能结构与Zn-Al合金耗能片1两种耗能形式进行组合；弯曲屈服型阻尼器通过改变耗能片的屈服强度、厚度和高度的方法来实现分阶段屈服；剪切屈服型阻尼器设置不同尺寸的开孔来实现分阶段屈服；因此本发明具有较好的耗能性质。The invention combines two energy dissipation forms of the cross frame energy dissipation structure and the Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet 1; the bending yield damper realizes staged yielding by changing the yield strength, thickness and height of the energy dissipation sheet; The shear yielding damper is provided with openings of different sizes to achieve staged yielding; therefore, the present invention has better energy dissipation properties.
本发明具有两道减震防线，分别是Zn-Al合金耗能片1的塑形变形耗能与Zn-Al合金十字框架耗能结构的塑性变形耗能，更加安全、可靠，同时具有良好的耗能能力，在实际工程中具有更广泛的应用前景。The invention has two shock absorption defense lines, which are the plastic deformation energy consumption of the Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet 1 and the plastic deformation energy consumption of the Zn-Al alloy cross frame energy dissipation structure, which is safer and more reliable, and has good performance. It has a wider application prospect in practical engineering.
本发明采用焊接的方式连接，便于加工，同时也防止主要耗能部件和上锚固板2、下锚固板3在地震时发生松动而致使耗能效果大大折减，经济效益也好，不但可放置于梁内，还可以用于梁下，因此具有较广的用途。The invention adopts the welding method to connect, which is convenient for processing, and also prevents the main energy-consuming components and the upper anchor plate 2 and the lower anchor plate 3 from loosening during an earthquake, which greatly reduces the energy consumption effect, and has good economic benefits. In the beam, it can also be used under the beam, so it has a wide range of uses.
应力集中主要是由于材料在切割时存在棱角致使应力集中，因此Zn-Al合金耗能片1和Zn-Al合金十字框架耗能结构的尖角部分均切割为光滑圆弧；本发明的主要耗能部件棱角切割的部位极少，因此也减少了应力集中现象。The stress concentration is mainly due to the stress concentration caused by the edges and corners of the material during cutting, so the sharp corners of the Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet 1 and the Zn-Al alloy cross frame energy dissipation structure are all cut into smooth arcs; the main consumption of the present invention is There are very few places where the corners of the part can be cut, so stress concentrations are also reduced.
残余应力和应变主要是由于材料在裁剪时边上受力不均匀，因此随着时间的推移四个角慢慢上翘，因此本发明为避免以上现象所以采用水切割加工。The residual stress and strain are mainly due to the uneven force on the edges of the material during cutting, so the four corners are slowly upturned over time. Therefore, the present invention adopts water cutting to avoid the above phenomenon.
阻尼器的耗能形式可以分为平面内屈服和平面外屈服两种，为解决阻尼器的平面内屈服初始刚度大，Zn-Al合金耗能片1通过椭圆形开孔将解决这个问题；平面外屈服承载力小，初始刚度低，易出现失稳现象，所以采用十字框架耗能结构来为平面外提供刚度，保证其面外稳定性，进而把阻尼器的性能发挥到极致。The energy dissipation forms of the damper can be divided into two types: in-plane yielding and out-of-plane yielding. In order to solve the large initial stiffness of the damper’s in-plane yielding, the Zn-Al alloy energy dissipation sheet 1 will solve this problem through elliptical openings; The external yield bearing capacity is small, the initial stiffness is low, and instability is easy to occur. Therefore, the cross frame energy dissipation structure is used to provide stiffness out of the plane to ensure its out-of-plane stability, and then maximize the performance of the damper.
Zn-Al合金阻尼器的耗能结构、耗能片焊接在锚固板上，上锚固板2与下锚固板3通过螺栓连接在梁上，本发明便于更换。The energy dissipation structure and energy dissipation sheet of the Zn-Al alloy damper are welded on the anchoring plate, and the upper anchoring plate 2 and the lower anchoring plate 3 are connected to the beam by bolts, and the present invention is convenient for replacement.
本发明采用Zn-Al合金作为原材料，因其具有良好的力学性能、耐磨性好、铸造和机械加工性能优良、成本低等一系列优点；并且Zn-Al合金回收率较高，当阻尼器发生破坏时废旧材料可回收，节约资源保护环境。The invention uses Zn-Al alloy as raw material, because it has a series of advantages such as good mechanical properties, good wear resistance, excellent casting and machining performance, low cost, etc.; and the recovery rate of Zn-Al alloy is high, when the damper When damage occurs, waste materials can be recycled, saving resources and protecting the environment.
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The equivalent replacement or change of the inventive concept thereof shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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