An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of modified model radio mobile telephone set antenna that makes the radiation minimizing that enters user's head.
According to the present invention, wireless communication unit with antenna, comprise an antenna unit structure, it comprises a pair of antenna element that is provided with and constitutes loop together of expanding simultaneously with relative configuration, antenna comprises an electric insulation heart, described wireless communication unit is the handheld unit with wireless set and an indispensable earphone, is used to send the acoustic energy from the inner face of this unit, is placed in the user in use in one's ear; Antenna is coupled to transceiver and is arranged in the position of earphone; The nuclear of antenna is the former attitude material that has greater than 5 relative dielectric constant, antenna element or in abutting connection with the center outer surface; Described antenna unit structure has a radiation diagram, and this radiation diagram has a zero-bit being transverse on the direction of antenna element; Antenna element so is installed in the wireless communication unit, i.e. the general vertical described inner face towards this equipment of this zero-bit is to reduce on user's cephalad direction the radiation level from this unit.
According to the present invention, a kind of being used for comprises an electric insulation center of making greater than 5 material with relative dielectric constant (ε r) being higher than the antenna of working on the 200MHZ frequency, with one be arranged on or antenna unit structure on the outer surface of center, the material of center has occupied the overwhelming majority of the volume that is limited by the center outer surface, wherein antenna unit structure comprises an elongation antenna element that list is right, they are arranged on opposite configuration or on the center outer surface and be interconnected in separately end, so that form together around the path of the electric conducting material of center, the other end of antenna element constitutes feed and connects.In optimal antenna according to the present invention, center is cylindrical, has a central shaft and antenna element and expands simultaneously, and each unit is extending between the axially-spaced locations on the outer cylinder surface of center.These unit preferably deposit or are bonded in the metallic traces on the center, and make on each interval location, and the interval location separately of antenna element is opposite fully basically.Compartment all is arranged in the single plane of the central shaft that comprises center basically, connect together to form loop with linking conductor with each several part, be connected to the feed connection of loop at the each several part of another interval location by the cross unit that on the center end face, radially extends usually at an interval location.Feed connects can be connected to coaxial feeder structure.The radiation diagram of antenna has a vertical zero-bit of pointing on each side of plane.Except two zero-bits, radiation diagram is an omnidirectional.
In telephone bandset that antenna is packed into, just can reduce to be coupled to the radiation intensity of user's head basically.On (800 to 900MHZ and 1800 to the 1200MHZ scope) frequency of being concerned about, this antenna can constitute compactization.For example, the DECT that works in the 1880-1900MHZ frequency range (digital europe cordless telephone) antenna has the length of 20.2mm and the diameter of 5mm usually, adopts the dielectric material with ε r=36.
So according to a second aspect of the invention, a kind of hand-held radio communication equipment is provided, this equipment has a radio set, an indispensable earphone, be used to send acoustic energy from the equipment inner face, in use place facing to user's ear, with an antenna that is coupled to transceiver and is arranged on the earphone zone, wherein, this antenna comprises: one has relative dielectric constant (ε r) greater than 5 electric insulation center, one with opposite configuration extend simultaneously be arranged on or contiguous center outer surface on the connect together antenna unit structure of a pair of antenna element that constitutes loop, this antenna unit structure has a radiation diagram thus, this figure has a zero-bit being transverse on the direction of antenna element, wherein antenna so be installed in this equipment so that this zero-bit general vertically towards the inner face of equipment, thereby reduce the level of the radiation of transceiver on user's cephalad direction.At the antenna center is the situation of cylindrical form, and it also can be cydariform or clavate, and has a pair of antenna element that extends simultaneously, and its end is arranged in the plane of the central shaft that comprises center, and this plane preferably is parallel to the inner face of this equipment.In order to the trapper (trap) of the form of metal sleeve and the antenna that balanced-to-unblanced transformer provides, not only allow at condition feed antennas loop in a basic balance, and reduce the influence of the suitable small connect ground area that embodies by this equipment, and a useful surface region is provided, be used for for example fixing up an aerial wire by welding or gripping.
Because the cause of machinery and electric stability, the material of center can be ceramic, for example, and the microwave ceramic material such as Zirconium titanate-based material, magnesium titanate calcium, barium titanate zirconium and barium neodymium titanate or these composition.Best relative dielectric constant (ε r) is more than 10, or even 20, use Zirconium titanate-based material can reach 36 numeral.This material has very little dielectric loss, thereby the Q value of antenna more is subject to the influence of the resistance of antenna element than center loss.
It is the same with its overall diameter at least big axially extended and with the cylindrical center of the solid material that radially extends of 50% solid material of overall diameter at least that specific most preferred embodiment of the present invention has a usefulness.So this center can be the form of pipe, this pipe has half the narrower axial passage of diameter of whole diameter of center at the most.
Though the optimal antenna unit is spiral, and the half-turn around center is made in each unit, as in the situation of the above-mentioned antenna of using the spiral unit, also can form these unit, so that they are parallel to central shaft and still realize having a radiation diagram that is transverse to the zero-bit of axle.
In optimal antenna, antenna element is from end fed, center has one to be laid from the central passage of the vicinity of center or installation end coaxial feeder structure that extend and that launch endways, and radially the unit is coupled to the antenna element on the cylindrical outer surface of center respectively interior the and outer conductor of feeder line structure there.Linking conductor can be annular, and helps with the cylindrical casing structure on the outer surface of center neighbouring part.
The selection of antenna unit structure influences the bandwidth of antenna, compares with the antenna element of the central shaft that is parallel to center, because use helical antenna to cause increasing bandwidth.
Example is in conjunction with the drawings described the present invention now, wherein:
With reference to Fig. 1, antenna 10 according to the present invention has the antenna element 10A that forms two longitudinal extensions of metallic conductor track on the periphery of ceramic core 12, the antenna unit structure of 10B.Center 12 has axis channel 14 and this passage that has interior metal inner lining 16 and places axially interior feeder conductor 18.Inner wire 18 and liner 16 form a feeder line structure in this situation, are used for feed line is fed to the antenna element 10A at feed placement place on the terminal surface 12D of center, 10B.Antenna unit structure also comprises corresponding radially antenna element 10AR, and 10BR is connecting longitudinal extension unit 10A separately, the complete end opposite 10AE of 10B, and 10BE goes up the formation metallic traces to the terminal surface 12D of feeder line structure.Antenna element 10A, the other end 10AF of 10B, 10BF also are antipodal, and by annular public virtual earthing conductor 20 with form link around the plated sleeve of the adjacent end of center 12.This sleeve pipe 20 is connected to the liner 16 of axial passage 14 successively by the electroplate on the proximate end face 12P of center 12 22.
In this most preferred embodiment, the neighbouring part of conductive casings 20 topped antenna centers 12, thus around feeder line structure 16,18, the material of center 12 is filled in whole space between the metal inner lining 16 of axial passage 14 and the sleeve pipe 20.Sleeve pipe 20 forms the cylinder that is connected to liner 16 by the electroplate 22 of the proximate end face 12P of center 12, sleeve pipe 20 and electroplate 22 be combined to form a balanced to unbalanced transformer 20 so that the conversion between the poised state of approximate axial positions in the nonequilibrium condition at the approach end place of antenna and the plane of the signal in the transmission line that constitutes by feeder line structure 16,18 at the top edge 20U of sleeve pipe 20.In order to realize this effect, the axial length of sleeve pipe 20 makes that under the situation of the bottom center material that has high dielectric constant, balanced to unbalanced transformer has an electrical length in the about λ of operating frequency of antenna/4.Shortening effect because the center material of antenna has one, is to fill and the feeder line structure of sleeve pipe 20 has short electrical length with the dielectric material 17 with less dielectric constant around the annulus of inner wire 18.Therefore, at the signal of the end of feeder line structure 16,18 at least near balance.
Another effect of sleeve pipe 20 is to make signal in the scope of the operating frequency of antenna, and the edge 20U of sleeve pipe 20 isolates with the ground that outer conductor 16 by feeder line structure provides effectively.The electric current that this means circulation between antenna element 10A, 10B is restricted to edge 20U and is isolated by the ring that antenna unit structure constitutes.So sleeve pipe 20 plays the isolation trapper.
In this embodiment, longitudinal extension unit 10A, 10B are equal lengths, and each is the simple helix of realizing with around the axle 12A half-turn of center 12.
Antenna element 10A, 10B is by they radially unit 10AR separately, and 10BR is connected respectively to the inner wire 18 and the outer lining 16 of feed structure.As seen, spirality unit 10A, 10B, unit 10AR radially, 10BR and sleeve pipe 20 are formed in the conductive loop on the outer surface of center 12 together, and this loop is by the feeder line structure feed at the end of center, this feeder line structure extends and is positioned at antenna element 10A from approach end by center, between the 10B.Therefore, this antenna has an end feedback bifilar helix shape structure.
Should be noted that antenna element 10A, four end 10AE of 10B, 10AF, 10BE, 10BF are arranged in the common plane of the axle 12A that comprises center 12.This common plane is represented with the dotted line of Fig. 1.The feed connection that is connected to antenna unit structure also is arranged in common plane 24.This antenna structure is so constituted.In the elementary section of this structure, ripple on the antenna is responded to whole electric current and in feed placement, promptly feeder line structure 16,18 is connected to the place of antenna unit structure by being incident on from the direction 28 that is orthogonal to plane 24, and the plane wave front summation is zero.In fact, two unit 10A, 10B are configuration and the either side that is weighted in plane 24 equally equally, draws the symmetrical vector around the plane.Each unit 10A, 10B can think to be made of a plurality of increments, and its each unit is in antipodal another unit 10A on decentre axle 12A is equidistant, the respective complementary increment condition of 10B.
Have half-turn spirality unit 10A, the antenna unit structure of 10B is carried out with the method that is similar to the simple flat surface loop, and in its radiation diagram, wireless section has a zero-bit on axle 12A and the direction perpendicular to plane 24.Therefore, radiation diagram is being transverse to the shape that is roughly 8 fonts on the vertical and horizontal plane of a 12A, as shown in Figure 2.With respect to the orientation of the radiation diagram of the perspective view of Fig. 1 by axle x illustrated in figures 1 and 2, y, the axle system of z is represented.Radiation diagram has two zero-bits or recess, zero-bit on each side of antenna and each concentrate on the line shown in Figure 1 28.
This antenna has special applications on the frequency between 20MHZ and the 5GHZ.Radiation diagram makes antenna use especially at hand-held communication device, for example in honeycomb fashion or the cordless portable part, as shown in Figure 3.A zero-bit for directional radiation on user's cephalad direction, antenna is so installed: its central shaft 12A (see figure 3) and plane 24 (see figure 1)s all are parallel to the inner face 30I of mobile phone 30, particularly at the inner face 30I at earphone 32 positions, as directed, also vertically operation in mobile phone 30 of axle 12A.And, the relative orientation of antenna, its radiation diagram and mobile phone 30 all pass through axle system x shown in Figure 3, y, it is clearly that z compares with the representation of the axle system of Fig. 1 and 2.
The optimal material that is used for the center 12 of antenna is the material of zirconia titanate (zirconium-titanate-based) for the basis.This material has relative dielectric constant to be 36 and to point out that also its size and electrical stability change with temperature.Dielectric loss is insignificant.Also available punching press of center or compacting are produced.
Antenna element 10A, 10B, 10AR, 10BR are the metallic conductor tracks that adheres to the outside cylinder and the end surface of center 12, and the width of each track is four times of thickness on its active length at least.This track can by electroplate at first with metal level the surface of center 12 with then according to the pattern of using at the photosensitive layer identical with being used for the etched printed circuit plate, etch away this layer selectively, center forms to expose.In addition, metal material can be by selecting deposition or using by printing technology.In all situations, cause having the antenna of dimensional stability antenna element as the formation of the track of whole layer in the outside of the center of dimensionally stable.
Utilization has more higher than air basically relative dielectric constant, the center material of ε r=36 for example, as mentioned above, be used for generally having core diameter at 1880MHZ antenna of DECT frequency band in the 1900MHZ scope and be approximately 5mm and longitudinal extension unit 10A, 10B has longitudinal tensile strain (promptly being parallel to central shaft 12A) and is approximately 12.7mm.Unit 10A, the width of 10B is approximately 0.3mm.At 1890MHZ, the length of balanced-to-unblanced transformer sleeve pipe 20 is generally in 7.5mm or shorter scope.Operation wavelength λ represents with the air wavelength, these sizes are: for unit 10A, 10B vertical (axially) extends: 0.08 λ, for core diameter: 0.0315 λ, for the balanced-to-unblanced transformer sleeve pipe: 0.047 λ or shorter and for track width: 0.00189 λ.Antenna element 10A, the accurate dimension of 10B can be according to determining in the design phase by the exploration that guarantees the eigenvalue delay measurements.
During antenna was made, the adjusting of electroplating unit size can be at related U.S. patent USA5 therewith, and the method described in 854,608 is carried out in conjunction with Fig. 3 to 6.
Undersized antenna makes it be particularly suitable for handheld device such as mobile phone handsets and other personal communication devices.At plating balanced-to-unblanced transformer sleeve pipe 20 on the proximate end face 12P of center 12 and/or electrodeposited coating 22 antenna is directly installed on printed circuit board or other ground structure with the method for specific safety.Typically, if antenna by end-installation, proximate end face 12P can be welded to the ground plane of the upper surface of printed circuit board, simultaneously in feed-through 18 directly by the conductive traces of an eyelet welding on the plate to its lower surface.On the other hand, sleeve pipe 20 can be clamped or be welded to the printed circuit board ground plane and be parallel to a 12A simultaneously and extends, the end portion of antenna thereupon, and location antenna element 10A, 10B surpass ground plane and extend.Can be with antenna 10 or whole erection at mobile device, or part is as shown in Figure 3 protruded.
The present invention is shown in Fig. 4 as an alternative embodiment of the antenna of portable wireless communication cell mesh.
With reference to Fig. 4, electroplate the antenna element 10A on the periphery of center 12,10B, this moment, the opposite side the latter was parallel to central shaft 12A.Among the embodiment as Fig. 1, antenna element 10A, 10B is through the radially unit 10AR on the terminal surface 12D of center 12, and 10BR is connected respectively to the interior and outer conductor 18,16 of feeder line structure.Sleeve pipe 20 forms an isolation trapper again, so that its top edge forms the part from a feeder conductor 16 to another 18 loops that extend around center.In others, the antenna of Fig. 4 is similar to Fig. 1.It has identical radiation diagram, and this figure has direct transversal central shaft and perpendicular to comprising unit 10A, the zero-bit on the plane of 10B and feeder line structure 16,18.