CN109972050A - A kind of yttrium toughened antiwear alloy and its casting and heat treatment method - Google Patents

A kind of yttrium toughened antiwear alloy and its casting and heat treatment method Download PDF

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CN109972050A
CN109972050A CN201910403263.XA CN201910403263A CN109972050A CN 109972050 A CN109972050 A CN 109972050A CN 201910403263 A CN201910403263 A CN 201910403263A CN 109972050 A CN109972050 A CN 109972050A
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powder
casting
temperature
iron
ferro
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CN109972050B (en
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罗丰华
牟楠
唐紫薇
付晓虎
卢静
陈亨
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Central South University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron

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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract

A kind of yttrium toughened antiwear alloy and its casting and heat treatment method, the mass percentage of alloy each element are Cr:9.0~13.0, B:2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, the content of Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, Mn are less than 0.3, Y:0.02~1.6, S, P :≤0.01, surplus Fe.Wherein C, B summation: 3.3~3.6；C/Cr mass ratio: 0.06~0.08；The summation of Nb, V are 0.5~1.0.It gets out Fe-Y first2O3, Fe- yttrium carbonate or Fe- yttrium nitrate powder compact, by cast alloys after alloying ingredient, melting and Metamorphism treatment, then use quenching-tempering, cast temperature is 1250~1320 DEG C.Ingot casting integral hardness of the present invention HRC65.4~69.4, impact flexibility reach 12.6~17.1J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1340~1750MPa.

Description

A kind of yttrium toughened antiwear alloy and its casting and heat treatment method
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-hardness and wear-resistant cast-iron fields, are related to a kind of fine hard phase and super saturated solid solution that yttrium is rotten Body, martensitic matrix phase wear and corrosion resistant cast iron alloy and its component preparation method, can be widely used for electric power, metallurgy, machinery, Mechanical wearing piece manufacture in the industries such as chemical industry.
Technical background
Fe-Cr-B-C abrasion resistant casting alloy is mainly with Fe2B or M2B is hard phase, has good toughness and high rigidity, height Corrosion resistance, melting-casting manufacturability are good.Metamorphism treatment be improve Fe-Cr-B-C alloy structure and mechanical property effective ways it One.Alterant can be divided into the elements such as strong carbon, nitrogen, sulfide formation element, such as Ti, V, and strong constitutional supercooling member according to effect Element, such as surface active element rare earth (RE), Mg etc..
Rare earth element is gathered on the solid growth interface of liquid, and limitation crystal grain is grown up, to improve the hardness of alloy, intensity and resistance to Mill property；And thinning microstructure, so that boride suspension shape and graininess distribution is occurred, improves impact flexibility.Research shows that: in Fe-Cr- The cerium (Ce) of addition 0.6% can make impact flexibility improve 86.4% in B-C alloy.Add the mixing alterant of 1.0% (Ce+La) Into Fe-Cr-B alloy, the hardness of alloy increases to 70.2HRC by 52HRC, and impact flexibility is by 3.36J/cm2It is increased to 6.38J/cm2。
RE Modified can rare earth alloy or rare-earth wires single Modification Manners, can also take compound modification treatment, i.e., with N, The mixture of the elements such as Ti, V, Mg, Si and rare earth is as alterant.Silicon Mg mixed rare-earth alterant is most commonly that composite inoculating Method, studies have shown that: Fe-Cr-B-C alloy impact toughness after RE-Si-Mg is rotten is higher than the premise that do not go bad by 72.2%； After RE-Ti goes bad and is heat-treated, impact flexibility improves 1.8 times；Through RE-Mg go bad impact flexibility improve 34.6%；Through RE- Desmachyme all disappears after Ti-N is rotten, and toughness improves 133.3%；After RE-Mg-V-Ti Metamorphism treatment, impact flexibility Reach 15.6J/cm2；After RE-Ti-Si-V Metamorphism treatment, impact flexibility reaches 12J/cm2More than.
These have a common difficulty, the i.e. pure rare earth, rare earth alloy of high activity or multiple using the method for RE Modified Close rare earth material.Due to the high activity of rare earth, so that the tissue of alloy, performance are difficult to control after alterant itself or Metamorphism treatment System, modification effect are difficult to ensure.
Document 1:LM cathode research-emission principle and present Research [D] Beijing University of Technology, 2001:pp44-50.Carbonization La2O3The chemical balance of-Mo alloy:
3Mo2C(s)+La2O3(s)=2La (s, l)+3CO (g)+6Mo
Due to Mo2The effect of C, the reduction reaction free enthalpy variation for generating simple substance La is small very much, thus reaction product La With the also high 10 several orders of magnitude of the equilibrium partial pressure of CO.When temperature is higher than 1673K, i.e., 1400 DEG C, CO partial pressure is lower than E-9atm When, reaction equation can carry out to the right automatically, i.e. reduction generates simple substance La.
Patent document 2: 105695884 B of Authorization Notice No. CN, the antifriction alloy hardness of preparation are HRC66~70, impact 4~9J/cm of toughness2.The hardness of such alloy is higher, but impact flexibility is insufficient, and intensity index is lower, and bending strength is lower, 346~477MPa range limits the occasion that the Alloyapplication is big in some external loads, impact resistance is needed to act on.
Document 3: the rapid cooling microstructure and property of eutectic Fe-Cr-B-C alloy, casting, 2017,66 (10): 1053~1056. The rapid cooling tissue of as cast condition Fe-Cr-B-C alloy by martensite+retained austenite matrix and along the continuous net-shaped distribution of crystal boundary (Fe, Cr)2(B,C)+(Fe,Cr)23(B,C)6Hard phase composition.The microhardness of rapid cooling tissue matrix phase is 800~880HV, hard Phase microhardness is 1150~1400HV, macrohardness HRC68, and impact flexibility reaches 13.6J/cm2；And it is moved back through 960 DEG C of@2h After fire, matrix is changed into ferrite and nodular cementite, hard phase (Fe, Cr)2(B, C) and (Fe, Cr)23(B,C)6On a small quantity There is suspension, cenotype (Fe, Cr) occur in dissolution, regional area3(B, C), matrix phase microhardness is 330~400HV after annealing, Hard phase is 850~1250HV, and macrohardness is reduced to HRC46, and impact flexibility is reduced to 3.4J/cm2.3 acquired results of document Reflect that the hardness of matrix phase plays significant role to the hardness and impact flexibility of such material；Using high temperature solid solution quenching-low temperature Tempering, is improved the solid solubility of matrix phase and the possibility of hardness, referenced patent document 2, such alloy after Overheating Treatment, In aspect of performance such as impact flexibility, there are also the possibility promoted.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of yttrium toughened antiwear alloy and its casting and heat treatment methods.This method uses oxygen Change yttrium (Y2O3), yttrium nitrate or yttrium carbonate be alterant, carbide, boride in high temperature melting state Fe-Cr-B-C alloy Compound containing Y is formed with the thermodynamic condition for promoting high activity Y element to be formed, and in C, B, so that casting alloy tissue is thin Change, carbon boride suspension shape occurs and graininess distribution is presented；After heat treatment, matrix is the polynary super saturated solid solution of high rigidity The non-equilibrium phases such as body, martensite, so that alloy has good toughness, high rigidity and higher intensity index.
Due to Y2O3Yttrium nitrate or yttrium carbonate density it is very low, being added directly into melt can float with clinker and cause Y first Element is lost, to lose modification effect, therefore the present invention uses Y2O3, yttrium nitrate or yttrium carbonate powder and iron powder after mixing, It is molded into powder compact, then is melted together with Fe-Cr-B-C casting alloy.Y2O3Mass ratio with iron powder is 1:4~20, is formed The mass ratio of the mixing briquetting or nitric acid yttrium powder of Fe-3.75~15.77wt.%Y and iron powder is 1:3~9, formed Fe-2.32~ The mixing briquetting or carbonic acid yttrium powder of 5.80%Y and the mass ratio of iron powder are 1:3~13, form Fe-3.09~10.8wt.%Y's Mix briquetting.
The too high levels of the too low then Fe of Y amount, will affect burdening calculation；And Y too high levels then green compact forming difficulty.Its Middle Y2O3Powder is that content is more than 99.0% white amorphous powder or yttrium nitrate is hydrated compound, is dried before ingredient and de- After water process, yttrium nitrate content is more than 99.0% or yttrium carbonate is hydrated compound, through dry and dehydration before ingredient Afterwards, yttrium nitrate content is more than 99.0%.Fe powder is reduction Fe powder or water atomization Fe powder, can be contained in modified cast iron in Fe powder Alloying element or impurity ranges in element, such as Ni, V, Cr, being subject to does not influence briquette forming and influences burdening calculation.
The high-wearing feature for the patent document 2 that the present invention selects, high corrosion-resistant Fe-Cr-B-C alloy are basic alloy, then are added Add 0.02~1.6%Y element rotten.Form the multi-element eutectic alloy containing elements such as Fe, Cr, B, C, Nb, V, Y, the matter of each element Amount percentage composition is Cr:9.0~13.0, B:2.6~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, and Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, Mn's contains Amount is less than 0.3, Y:0.02~1.6, S, P :≤0.01, surplus Fe.Wherein C, B summation: 3.3~3.6；C/Cr content ratio: 0.06~0.08；The summation of Nb, V are 0.5~1.0.
Referring to patent document 2, when specifically preparing alloy, can be used ferrochrome (high-carbon, middle carbon, micro- carbon), ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, Vanadium iron, pure iron, etc. according to component requirements ingredient.Raw material and its composition are listed in table 1.
Table 1 can be applied to the raw material and composition of preparation invention alloy
The material composition of table 1 is not unique, and specific ingredient raw material obtained by reality determine.Wherein ferrochrome, Crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and vanadium iron provide the content of Cr, B, Nb and V of invention alloy, and high carbon ferro-chrome is used to balance C content.It is pure Iron includes electrical pure iron, electromagnetic pure iron or ingot iron.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Y element carrier-powder compact prepares
Fe-Y2O3Powder compact: iron powder and Y are used2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Y2O3Powder and iron powder Mass ratio be 1:4~20, formed Fe-3.75~15.77wt.%Y Fe-Y2O3Mix briquetting or Fe- yttrium nitrate powder pressure Block: after mixing using iron powder and nitric acid yttrium powder, it is molded into powder compact.The mass ratio of nitric acid yttrium powder and iron powder be 1:3~ 9, form the Fe- yttrium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-2.32~5.80%Y.
Or Fe- yttrium carbonate powder compact: after mixing using iron powder and carbonic acid yttrium powder, it is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid The mass ratio of yttrium powder and iron powder is 1:3~13, forms the Fe- yttrium carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-3.09~10.8wt.%Y.
(2) alloying ingredient, melting and Metamorphism treatment
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to the component requirements proportion of Fe-Cr-B-C alloy, then add 0.02~1.6%Y Element is rotten.First by Fe-Y2O3Or Fe- yttrium nitrate or Fe- yttrium carbonate powder compact are placed in furnace bottom, be then placed in ferrochrome, Crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron.Induction furnace, vaccum sensitive stove etc. can be used carry out melting and prepares alloy.
Fusion temperature is 1500~1660 DEG C；Furnace power is reduced after being completely melt, melt temperature is down to 1300~ 1380 DEG C, then with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.1~0.15%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 5~10 minutes.
(3) it casts
Cast temperature range is 1250~1320 DEG C, and in order to avoid thermal stress-cracking occurs, die sinking temperature is wanted after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.
Invention alloy has deep eutectic ingredient, and non-equilibrium matrix can be formed under the conditions of common sand casting, Such as amorphous, nanocrystalline or martensitic structure.Alloy melt has good mobility fine, can be cast as by various methods Type, such as normal sands Mold casting or model casting, lost foam casting, permanent mold casting, ceramic mold casting, die casting, centrifugal casting The special casting method such as make.
(4) it is heat-treated
Casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 950~1060 DEG C, and soaking time is 1~4h.Heat temperature raising Speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.
After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 5~15% salt water or buck quenching cooling.It should constantly be stirred in cooling procedure It mixes, quenches cooling time >=30min.
Then in 200~250 DEG C of 2~4h of tempering, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.
Step (1) iron powder is purity >=98.5%, the reduced iron powder or purity >=99.0% of -100 mesh of granularity, grain Spend the water-atomized iron powder of -100 mesh, or quite granularity containing not influencing the alloy iron powder of casting alloy ingredient on a small quantity.It can also To select the powder of smaller particle size, the compact strength with subsequent ingredient and furnace charge preparation is not influenced can be pressed by being subject to.
Step (1) is described to be uniformly mixed into mixed cartridge type mixing, V-type mixing or stir mixing, substantial uniform to realize ?.
Step (1) green compact is die forming, and pressing pressure is 100~600MPa, and green compact size is unlimited.It can also adopt Take isostatic cool pressing method.
Step (2) is by Fe-Y2O3, Fe- yttrium nitrate or Fe- yttrium carbonate the powder compact purpose that is placed in furnace bottom is: chromium The substances such as iron, ferro-boron have the fusion temperature lower than pure iron, therefore can preferentially melt and be impregnated into the Fe-Y of bottom2O3Powder pressure Block so that straight iron powder gradually melts, and releases Y2O3Powder particle or pyrolysis generate tiny Y2O3With oxynitrides or Pyrolysis generates tiny Y2O3And CO2.Due to Y2O3Density it is lower, about 5.01g/cm3, understand gradually upper emersion melt.? Y2O3The process that powder floats, by Fe3C、Cr3C2Equal carbide restore to form active Y element, and react with C, B, and formation is similar to YCrB4With Y (B, C)4Compound.By the metamorphism of Y, the reticular structure and Needle-shaped boride of distribution along crystal boundary disappear, alloy It is made of primary crystal matrix phase and eutectic structure, this eutectic structure, which is interted by tiny matrix phase with hard phase, to be formed, so that closing The intensity and impact flexibility of gold are improved.
Y2O3There are also degasification, the effect of slagging-off for the CO gas formed in powder floating, reaction process, so that further purification is molten Body.Oxynitrides and CO2Floating-upward process facilitates solution degasification slagging-off.
If Y2O3, yttrium nitrate or carbonic acid yttrium powder is not previously prepared is placed in furnace bottom at briquetting, then be easy to float to rapidly molten Body surface face, bath surface oxygen content is high, Y2O3It is not easy to be reduced to form active Y, and loses modification effect.
The Fe3C、Cr3C2Equal carbide are formed by C and Fe element reaction when high carbon ferro-chrome and fusing, due to Fe3C、 Cr3C2The stability of equal carbide at high temperature is not so good as Mo2C, and the temperature melted is more than 1400 DEG C of reactions described in document 1 Temperature, the partial pressure of CO gas is also extremely low in melt；And the property of Y and La is much like, therefore similar to document 1, generates and lives The reduction reaction of property Y can carry out.EDS energy spectrum analysis, which also indicates that in casting alloy object phase, contains Y element.
Step (4) is when hardening heat is 950~1060 DEG C, as hardening heat increases, some dissolution of hard phase Into matrix phase, so that matrix phase volume fraction increases, while alloying element content is also improved in matrix phase, can be formed after quenching The martensitic structure of more high rigidity.Hereby it is ensured that whole hardness and comprehensive performance.
The tissue of Fe-Cr-B-C alloy is cast mainly by hard phase (Fe2B or M2B etc.) and matrix phase (α or martensitic phase) Composition.The hardness of alloy depends primarily on the volume ratio of hard phase, i.e. hard phase is higher, and the hardness of material is bigger.But due to hard Matter is mutually excessive, and matrix phase intensity is lower, will lead to integral hardness decline, toughness deficiency.Therefore, in addition to hard phase and matrix phase Ratio is outside determinant, and the characteristic of matrix phase is also critically important.When hardening heat is lower than 950 DEG C, hard phase can be analysed from matrix Out, so that material hardness declines, impact flexibility etc. is reduced.Continue raising hardening heat and reach 1100 DEG C, will cause office in casting Portion's burning, so that alloy ductility declines.
The Fe-Cr-B-C alloy that Y Modification Manners of the invention are not limited to, can also be applied to other cast irons and C content is higher Smelting iron and steel is rotten, micronization processes.
It is of the invention to be mainly characterized by directly using Y2O3, yttrium nitrate or carbonic acid yttrium powder mixed with iron powder, form powder compact, Go bad carrier as Y element.Utilize Fe in Fe-Cr-B-C alloy high-temp melt3C、Cr3C2The reduction of equal carbide is formed Active Y element, and reacted with C, B, it is formed and is similar to YCrB4With Y (B, C)4Compound, avoid the occurrence of that boride is netted and needle Shape structure promotes tiny eutectic structure to be formed, and plays the rotten toughening effect of thinning microstructure.Again by quenching-tempering, make The volume fraction, solid solubility and hardness for obtaining matrix phase increase, and close so as to improve the coordination between matrix phase and boron, carbon compound System.After heat treatment, using Y2O3Reach HRC65.4~68.5 for raw material ingot casting hardness, impact flexibility reaches 13.3~17.1J/ cm2, bending strength reaches 1340~1742MPa or yttrium nitrate used to reach HRC65.9~69.4 for raw material ingot casting hardness, rushes It hits toughness and reaches 12.6~16.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1420~1750MPa or uses yttrium carbonate hard for raw material ingot casting Degree reaches HRC65.8~69.2, and impact flexibility reaches 12.7~16.7J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1462~1740MPa.
Detailed description of the invention
1 cast sturcture of Fig. 1 present example figure；
9 cast sturcture of Fig. 2 present example figure；
9 casting alloy X-ray diffracting spectrum of Fig. 3 present example；
The EDS map and ingredient of 9 casting matrix phase of Fig. 4 present example；
17 cast sturcture of Fig. 5 present example figure.
Specific embodiment
Various method of smelting of the invention, casting method are not limited by following examples, any to want in right of the invention The improvements and changes in range for asking book claimed are all within protection scope of the present invention.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron, straight iron powder, Y2O3, nitric acid Yttrium, carbonic acid yttrium powder, fine aluminium etc. are raw material, are configured to alloy in the composition range that invention requires.
Embodiment 1. uses iron powder and carbonic acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:3 forms the Fe- yttrium carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-10.8wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- yttrium carbonate mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.9wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.4wt.%；V: 0.2wt.%；Y:1.6wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property essence Variation, thus it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and sand mold Die cast.Specific steps are as follows:
Fe- yttrium carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1650 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1360 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.15%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 10 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1320 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 950 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 4h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 5% is cooling. It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, environment is naturally cooled to Temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.3, and impact flexibility reaches 12.7J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1462MPa.
Fig. 1 is 1 cast sturcture of embodiment figure, is the dark field phase of metallographic structure, and α-Fe matrix is mutually black, and other are closed Metallographic is white.It can be clearly seen that, organized based on Fe primary phase and eutectic phase from Fig. 1, wherein eutectic phase is Fe phase With the eutectic structure of boron, carbon compound, organize very tiny.
Embodiment 2. uses iron powder and carbonic acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:13 forms the Fe- yttrium carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-3.09wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, ingredient Range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.5wt.%；Y:0.08wt.%；Impurity element Control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.According to After component requirements proportion weighs good corresponding raw material, vacuum induction melting and water cooling iron mould casting can be used.Specific steps are as follows:
Fe- yttrium carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and pure iron.It is molten Changing temperature is 1500 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.1% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 5 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1260 DEG C.Die sinking temperature wants low after having cast In 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1050 DEG C, when heat preservation Between be 1h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 15% is cooling. It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 250 DEG C of tempering 2h, environment is naturally cooled to Temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69.1, and impact flexibility reaches 13.5J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1530MPa.
Embodiment 3. uses iron powder and carbonic acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:10 forms the Fe- yttrium carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-3.93wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, at Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；Y:0.1wt.%；Impurity element Control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.According to After component requirements proportion weighs good corresponding raw material, using induction melting and model casting, specific steps are as follows:
Fe- yttrium carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1000 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC66.9, and impact flexibility reaches 16.7J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1610MPa。
Embodiment 4. uses iron powder and carbonic acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:9 forms the Fe- yttrium carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-4.32wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is original Material, composition range are as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:0.4wt.%；Y: 0.3wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore not It is listed in Table 2.It is specific to walk using induction melting and sand casting after weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion Suddenly are as follows:
Fe- yttrium carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.13%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 9 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1060 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 5% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 2h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC6.1, and impact flexibility reaches 12.7J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1670MPa。
Embodiment 5. uses iron powder and carbonic acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:4 forms the Fe- yttrium carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-8.64wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- yttrium carbonate mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.6wt.%；Nb:0.3wt.%；V: 0.1wt.%；Y:0.5wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property essence Variation, thus it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and disappearance Die cast, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- yttrium carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1325 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1285 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 3h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 15% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69.2, and impact flexibility reaches 14.9J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1482MPa。
Embodiment 6. uses iron powder and carbonic acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:5 forms the Fe- yttrium carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-7.2wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, at Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.8wt.%；Y:0.80wt.%；Impurity member Element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.It presses After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using vacuum induction melting and iron mould casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- yttrium carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1590 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1335 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.14%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 7 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1290 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC65.8, and impact flexibility reaches 15.9J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1740MPa。
Embodiment 7. uses iron powder and carbonic acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:6 forms the Fe- yttrium carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-6.17wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- yttrium carbonate mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.9wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V: 0.2wt.%；Y:1.0wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property essence Variation, thus it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, induction melting can be used and disappear Lost pattern casting.Specific step is as follows:
Fe- yttrium carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1610 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.13%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 1h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 15% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC66.9, and impact flexibility reaches 13.5J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1692MPa。
Embodiment 8. uses iron powder and carbonic acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Carbonic acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:7 forms the Fe- yttrium carbonate mixing briquetting of Fe-5.4wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- yttrium carbonate mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:13.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；V: 0.4wt.%；Y:1.2wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property essence Variation, thus it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and disappearance Die cast, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- yttrium carbonate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1330 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 200 DEG C of tempering 2h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.1, and impact flexibility reaches 15.7J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1486MPa。
Embodiment 9. uses iron powder and nitric acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Nitric acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:3 forms the Fe- yttrium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-5.8wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- yttrium nitrate mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.9wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.4wt.%；V: 0.2wt.%；Y:1.0wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property essence Variation, thus it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and sand mold Die cast.Specific steps are as follows:
Fe- yttrium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.15%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 10 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1300 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 950 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 4h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 5% is cooling. It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, environment is naturally cooled to Temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.5, and impact flexibility reaches 12.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1446MPa.
Fig. 2 is 2 cast sturcture of embodiment figure, is the dark field phase of metallographic structure, and α-Fe matrix is mutually black, and other are closed Metallographic is white.It can be clearly seen that, organized based on Fe primary phase and eutectic phase from Fig. 2, wherein eutectic phase is Fe phase With the eutectic structure of boron, carbon compound, organize very tiny.
；Fig. 2 is the X-ray diffracting spectrum of casting alloy, and display alloy substrate is α-Fe phase, and diffraction maximum is wider, and It is 65 ° wider nearby, therefore be the martensitic phase for having a large amount of Cr solid solutions, carbon, boron compound Fe2B、Fe3C and Cr23C6Based on Complex chemical compound, and show Y (B, C)6Compound exists；Fig. 3 be casting alloy matrix phase EDS map and analysis as a result, EDS can only be in the qualitative analysis of ingredient, and there are Y elements in alloy as the result is shown, illustrate Y2O3Effect is produced with melt, keeps Y first Alloying occurs for element, plays melt metamorphism.
Embodiment 10. uses iron powder and nitric acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Nitric acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:9 forms the Fe- yttrium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-2.32wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, ingredient Range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.5wt.%；Y:0.05wt.%；Impurity element Control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.According to After component requirements proportion weighs good corresponding raw material, vacuum induction melting and water cooling iron mould casting can be used.Specific steps are as follows:
Fe- yttrium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and pure iron.It is molten Changing temperature is 1520 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.1% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 5 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1250 DEG C.Die sinking temperature wants low after having cast In 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1050 DEG C, when heat preservation Between be 1h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 15% is cooling. It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 250 DEG C of tempering 2h, environment is naturally cooled to Temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69.3, and impact flexibility reaches 13.4J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1420MPa.
Embodiment 11. uses iron powder and nitric acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Nitric acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:7 forms the Fe- yttrium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-2.9wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, at Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；Y:0.08wt.%；Impurity member Element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.It presses After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and model casting, specific steps are as follows:
Fe- yttrium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1000 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.1, and impact flexibility reaches 16.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1540MPa。
Embodiment 12. uses iron powder and nitric acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Nitric acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:5 forms the Fe- yttrium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-3.87wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is original Material, composition range are as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:0.4wt.%；Y: 0.1wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore not It is listed in Table 2.It is specific to walk using induction melting and sand casting after weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion Suddenly are as follows:
Fe- yttrium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.13%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 9 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1060 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 5% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 2h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC66.5, and impact flexibility reaches 12.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1620MPa。
Embodiment 13. uses iron powder and nitric acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Nitric acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:4 forms the Fe- yttrium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-4.64wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- yttrium nitrate mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.6wt.%；Nb:0.3wt.%；V: 0.1wt.%；Y:0.2wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property essence Variation, thus it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and disappearance Die cast, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- yttrium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1325 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1285 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 3h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 15% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC69.4, and impact flexibility reaches 14.6J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1440MPa。
Embodiment 14. uses iron powder and nitric acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Nitric acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:8 forms the Fe- yttrium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-2.58wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, at Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.8wt.%；Y:0.50wt.%；Impurity member Element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.It presses After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using vacuum induction melting and iron mould casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- yttrium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1590 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1315 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.14%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 7 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1290 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC65.9, and impact flexibility reaches 15.7J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1700MPa。
Embodiment 15. uses iron powder and nitric acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Nitric acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:6 forms the Fe- yttrium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-3.31wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- yttrium nitrate mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.9wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V: 0.2wt.%；Y:0.80wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, can be used induction melting and Lost foam casting.Specific step is as follows:
Fe- yttrium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1610 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.13%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 1h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 15% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.1, and impact flexibility reaches 13.4J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1750MPa。
Embodiment 16. uses iron powder and nitric acid yttrium powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Nitric acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio substantially 1:4 forms the Fe- yttrium nitrate mixing briquetting of Fe-4.64wt.%Y.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe- yttrium nitrate mixing briquetting For raw material, composition range is as follows: Cr:13.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；V: 0.4wt.%；Y:0.60wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.It is basic that the impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to alloy property Property variation, therefore it is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and disappear Lost pattern casting, the specific steps are as follows:
Fe- yttrium nitrate powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure Iron.Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, it is total with ingredient after melt temperature is down to 1330 DEG C The fine aluminium deoxidation of amount 0.12%；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.Temperature is opened after having cast To be lower than 200 DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, is protected The warm time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 200 DEG C of tempering 2h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.5, and impact flexibility reaches 15.8J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1592MPa。
Embodiment 17. uses iron powder and Y2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Y2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:4, that is, form the Fe-Y of Fe-15.77wt.%Y2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is original Material, composition range are as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.9wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.4wt.%；V:0.2wt.%；Y: 0.6wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore not It is listed in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and sand mold die cast.Specifically Step are as follows:
By Fe-Y2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1660 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1380 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.15% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 10 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1300 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is low after having cast In 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 950 DEG C, when heat preservation Between be 4h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 5% is cooling.It is cold But it should be stirred continuously during, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, environment temperature is naturally cooled to Degree.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.1, and impact flexibility reaches 13.4J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1460MPa.
Fig. 5 is 17 cast sturcture of embodiment figure, is the dark field phase of metallographic structure, and α-Fe matrix is mutually black, and other Alloy is mutually white.It can be clearly seen that, organized based on Fe primary phase and eutectic phase from Fig. 5, wherein eutectic phase is Fe Mutually with the eutectic structure of boron, carbon compound, organize very tiny.
Embodiment 18. uses iron powder and Y2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Y2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:20, that is, form the Fe-Y of Fe-3.75wt.%Y2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, ingredient Range is as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.5wt.%；Y:0.02wt.%；Impurity element Control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.According to After component requirements proportion weighs good corresponding raw material, vacuum induction melting and water cooling iron mould casting can be used.Specific steps are as follows:
By Fe-Y2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium and pure iron.Fusing temperature Degree is 1560 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1300 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.1% Fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 5 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1250 DEG C.Die sinking temperature will be lower than 200 after having cast DEG C, naturally cool to environment temperature.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1050 DEG C, and soaking time is 1h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 15% is cooling.It is cooling It should be stirred continuously in the process, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 250 DEG C of tempering 2h, environment temperature is naturally cooled to Degree.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.5, and impact flexibility reaches 14.2J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1340MPa.
Embodiment 19. uses iron powder and Y2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Y2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:10, that is, form the Fe-Y of Fe-7.17wt.%Y2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, at Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；Y:0.1wt.%；Impurity element Control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.According to After component requirements proportion weighs good corresponding raw material, using induction melting and model casting, specific steps are as follows:
By Fe-Y2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1580 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.12% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is wanted after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1000 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the brine hardening that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC66.5, and impact flexibility reaches 17.1J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1540MPa。
Embodiment 20. uses iron powder and Y2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Y2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:15, that is, form the Fe-Y of Fe-4.93wt.%Y2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is original Material, composition range are as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.7wt.%；C:0.7wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:0.4wt.%；Y: 0.2wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore not It is listed in Table 2.It is specific to walk using induction melting and sand casting after weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion Suddenly are as follows:
By Fe-Y2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1340 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.13% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 9 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1280 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is wanted after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1060 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, casting is quickly entered to 5% buck quenching cooling. It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then in 220 DEG C of tempering 2h, environment is naturally cooled to Temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC65.7, and impact flexibility reaches 13.3J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1600MPa.
Embodiment 21. uses iron powder and Y2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Y2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:12, that is, form the Fe-Y of Fe-6.06wt.%Y2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is original Material, composition range are as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.6wt.%；Nb:0.3wt.%；V:0.1wt.%；Y: 0.3wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore not It is listed in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and lost foam casting, specifically Steps are as follows:
By Fe-Y2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1325 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.12% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1285 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is wanted after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 3h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 15% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC68.4, and impact flexibility reaches 15.5J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1440MPa。
Embodiment 22. uses iron powder and Y2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Y2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:8, that is, form the Fe-Y of Fe-8.76wt.%Y2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is raw material, at Divide range as follows: Cr:10.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.8wt.%；Y:0.4wt.%；Impurity element Control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore unlisted in table 2.According to After component requirements proportion weighs good corresponding raw material, using vacuum induction melting and iron mould casting, the specific steps are as follows:
By Fe-Y2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1590 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1315 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.14% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 7 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1290 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is wanted after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 220 DEG C of tempering 3h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC65.4, and impact flexibility reaches 16.4J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1626MPa。
Embodiment 23. uses iron powder and Y2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Y2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:7, that is, form the Fe-Y of Fe-9.85wt.%Y2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is original Material, composition range are as follows: Cr:11.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.9wt.%；Nb:0.2wt.%；V:0.2wt.%；Y: 0.5wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore not It is listed in Table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, induction melting and lost foam casting can be used.Tool Steps are as follows for body:
By Fe-Y2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1620 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1350 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.13% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 8 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1270 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is wanted after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 1020 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 1h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 15% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 200 DEG C of tempering 4h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.3, and impact flexibility reaches 14.0J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1742MPa。
Embodiment 24. uses iron powder and Y2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact.Y2O3The quality of powder and iron powder Than substantially 1:6, that is, form the Fe-Y of Fe-11.26wt.%Y2O3Mix briquetting.The carrier to go bad as Rare Earth Y.
Select high carbon ferro-chrome, chromic carbide iron, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron, ingot iron and above-mentioned Fe-Y2O3Mixing briquetting is original Material, composition range are as follows: Cr:13.0wt.%；B:2.6wt.%；C:0.8wt.%；Nb:0.6wt.%；V:0.4wt.%；Y: 0.06wt.%；Impurity element control is shown in Table 2.The impurity such as a small amount of Al, Mn, N not will lead to the variation of alloy property essence, therefore It is unlisted in table 2.After weighing good corresponding raw material according to component requirements proportion, using induction melting and lost foam casting, tool Steps are as follows for body:
By Fe-Y2O3Powder compact is placed in furnace bottom, is then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron. Fusion temperature is 1600 DEG C；Until completely melted, furnace power is reduced, after melt temperature is down to 1320 DEG C, with ingredient total amount 0.12% fine aluminium deoxidation；Continue heat preservation and stands about 6 minutes.Cast temperature range is 1260 DEG C.Die sinking temperature is wanted after having cast Lower than 200 DEG C, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.Then casting is put into box stove heating, heating temperature is 980 DEG C, heat preservation Time is 2h.Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min.After heat preservation, the buck quenching that casting is quickly entered 10% is cold But.It should be stirred continuously in cooling procedure, quench cooling time >=30min.Then it in 200 DEG C of tempering 2h, naturally cools to Environment temperature.Gained ingot casting integral hardness reaches HRC67.9, and impact flexibility reaches 16.8J/cm2, bending strength reaches 1512MPa。
Casting alloy performance detection prepared by each embodiment is as described below:
1. pair example casting metal carries out hardness test using HR-150A Rockwell hardness machine, load 150Kg makes a call to five It is averaged after point, is listed in table 2.
2. pair example casting metal carries out impact flexibility test using JBS-300B shock machine, range 150J is beaten It is averaged after five samples, is listed in table 2.
3. pair example casting metal material electronics universal testing machine carries out three-point bending resistance experiment, sample having a size of 2 × 5 × The rectangular specimen of 50mm, span 30mm take the bending strength average value of three same treatment samples to be listed in table 2.
The ingredient and hardness, impact flexibility and bending strength of 2 embodiment of table

Claims (4)

1. a kind of yttrium toughened antiwear alloy, it is characterised in that: the mass percentage of each element is Cr:9.0~13.0, B:2.6 The content of~2.9, C:0.7~0.9, Nb:0.4~0.8, V:0.4~0.8, Mn are less than 0.3, Y:0.02~1.6, S, P :≤ 0.01, surplus Fe；The wherein gross mass percentage composition of C, B are as follows: 3.3~3.6；C/Cr mass ratio: 0.06~0.08；Nb, V's Gross mass percentage composition are as follows: 0.5~1.0.
2. casting and the heat treatment method of rare-earth yttrium toughened antiwear alloy as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that including with Lower step:
(1) powder compact containing Y prepares
Using iron powder and Y2O3Powder after mixing, is molded into powder compact, Y2O3The mass ratio of powder and iron powder is 1:4~20, shape At the Fe-Y of Fe-3.75~15.77wt.%Y2O3Mix the carrier that briquetting goes bad as Rare Earth Y；Or nitric acid yttrium powder and iron powder Mass ratio is 1:3~9, the mass ratio of the mixing briquetting or carbonic acid yttrium powder and iron powder that form Fe-2.32~5.80%Y be 1:3~ 13, form the mixing briquetting of Fe-3.09~10.8wt.%Y；
(2) alloying ingredient, melting and Metamorphism treatment
After weighing good corresponding raw material according to the component requirements proportion of Fe-Cr-B-C alloy, then add 0.02~1.6%Y element It is rotten: first by Fe-Y2O3, Fe- yttrium carbonate or Fe- yttrium nitrate powder compact be placed in furnace bottom, be then placed in ferrochrome, crome metal, Ferro-boron, ferro-niobium, vanadium iron and pure iron prepare alloy using induction furnace melting, and fusion temperature is 1500~1660 DEG C；Then electricity is reduced Melt temperature is down to 1300~1380 DEG C by furnace power, with the fine aluminium deoxidation of ingredient total amount 0.1~0.15%；Continue to keep the temperature quiet It sets 5~10 minutes；
(3) it casts
Cast temperature range is 1250~1320 DEG C, and designed alloy has deep eutectic ingredient, in common sand casting item Non-equilibrium matrix can be formed under part, by various methods casting and forming, in order to avoid thermal stress-cracking occurs, cast Die sinking temperature will be lower than 200 DEG C afterwards, naturally cool to environment temperature；
(4) it is heat-treated
Casting is put into box stove heating, is heated to 950~1060 DEG C, is kept the temperature as 1~4h；Heat temperature raising speed is no more than 10 DEG C/min, after heat preservation, casting is added to 5~15% salt water or buck quenching cooling, is stirred continuously, quenches in cooling procedure Fiery cooling time >=30min；Then in 200~250 DEG C of 2~4h of tempering, environment temperature is naturally cooled to.
3. casting and the heat treatment method of yttrium toughened antiwear alloy as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: step (1) institute Stating iron powder is purity >=98.5%, the reduced iron powder or purity >=99.0% of -100 mesh of granularity, the water atomization of -100 mesh of granularity The alloy iron powder of -100 mesh of iron powder or granularity.
4. casting and the heat treatment method of yttrium toughened antiwear alloy as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: step (1) institute Stating green compact is die forming, and pressing pressure is 100~600MPa, or takes isostatic cool pressing method.
CN201910403263.XA 2018-06-08 2019-05-15 Yttrium toughened wear-resistant alloy and casting and heat treatment method thereof Active CN109972050B (en)

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CN201810587751.6A CN108707835A (en) 2018-06-08 2018-06-08 A kind of rare-earth yttrium toughening high hard alloy and its casting and heat treatment method
CN201810589781.0A CN108570619A (en) 2018-06-08 2018-06-08 A kind of yttrium carbonate toughening high hard alloy and its casting and heat treatment method
CN2018105877516 2018-06-08
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CN201810589782.5A CN108570620A (en) 2018-06-08 2018-06-08 A kind of yttrium nitrate toughening high hard alloy and its casting and heat treatment method

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