CN109971955A - The control method of the process units of aluminium and metallic silicon, production method and process units - Google Patents
The control method of the process units of aluminium and metallic silicon, production method and process units Download PDFInfo
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- CN109971955A CN109971955A CN201910359653.1A CN201910359653A CN109971955A CN 109971955 A CN109971955 A CN 109971955A CN 201910359653 A CN201910359653 A CN 201910359653A CN 109971955 A CN109971955 A CN 109971955A
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- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
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- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
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- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
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Abstract
The present invention discloses the control method of the process units of aluminium and metallic silicon a kind of, production method and process units.The exchange side of AC/DC converter in the process units is connect with wind generator system, and DC side is connect with DC bus；The side of first DC/DC converter is connect with three-layer liquid energy-storage system, and the other side is connect with DC bus；The electric energy input side of 2nd DC/DC converter is connect with DC bus, and outlet side is connect with direct current electric arc furnace；The electric energy input side of 3rd DC/DC converter is connect with DC bus, and outlet side is connect with desilication electrolysis installation；Three-layer liquid energy-storage system is used to store electric energy when electric energy supply is higher than demand, discharges electric energy when electric energy supply is lower than demand；Direct current electric arc furnace is reduced into alusil alloy liquid for that will contain aluminium silicon raw material；Desilication electrolysis installation is for isolating aluminium and metallic silicon from alusil alloy liquid.The present invention can be realized the production that aluminium and metallic silicon are carried out using wind energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the production fields of aluminium and silicon, more particularly to the process units of a kind of aluminium and metallic silicon, producer
The control method of method and process units.
Background technique
The west areas such as Xinjiang of China, Inner Mongol at present, wind energy resources are abundant, and wind-power electricity generation development speed is exceedingly fast.Wind-powered electricity generation
Different from thermoelectricity, water power and nuclear power, have the characteristics that intermittence is strong, fluctuation is big, wind-electricity integration is steady to power grid angle stability, frequency
Fixed, voltage stabilization and power quality etc. have apparent negative effect, become the major obstacle of Wind Power Development, and consumption wind-powered electricity generation becomes hardly possible
Topic, causes wind-abandoning phenomenon serious, causes investment waste.
The method of existing production aluminium and metallic silicon generallys use power grid power supply and aluminum-containing raw material is first extracted aluminium oxide, then
Metallic aluminium is produced with fused salt electrolysis process again；It is raw material that metallic silicon, which is produced, with high purity quartz, smelt using exchange mineral hot furnace
To metallic silicon.Existing procedure is long, is powered using the traditional power grid of thermal power generation, and not only at high cost, environment is polluted in thermal power generation.Separately
On the one hand, new energy wind-power electricity generation in China's rapidly develops at present, but since the unstability of wind-powered electricity generation leads to upper electric power network technique difficulty
Greatly, a large amount of wind-powered electricity generation online are limited, and abandonment rate is up to 50% at present, wastes extremely serious.The unstability of wind-powered electricity generation leads to wind-powered electricity generation list
Solely power supply be unable to satisfy fused salt electrolysis process production metallic aluminium with exchange mineral hot furnace production metallic silicon electrical energy demands, therefore, now
There is technology cannot achieve and utilizes the independent power supply production aluminium of wind-powered electricity generation and metallic silicon.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the controlling parties of the process units of a kind of aluminium and metallic silicon, production method and process units
Method realizes the production that aluminium and metallic silicon are carried out using wind energy.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
A kind of process units of aluminium and metallic silicon, comprising: wind generator system, AC/DC converter, three-layer liquid energy storage system
System, the first DC/DC converter, DC bus, the 2nd DC/DC converter, direct current electric arc furnace, the 3rd DC/DC converter and aluminium silicon
Separate electrolysis installation；
The electric energy output end of the wind generator system is connect with AC/DC converter exchange side, the AC/DC transformation
The DC side of device is connect with the DC bus；The side of the first DC/DC converter and the three-layer liquid energy-storage system connect
It connects, the other side of the first DC/DC converter is connect with the DC bus；The electric energy of the 2nd DC/DC converter is defeated
Enter side to connect with the DC bus, the power output side of the first DC/DC converter is connect with the direct current electric arc furnace；Institute
The electric energy input side for stating the 3rd DC/DC converter is connect with the DC bus, the power output of the 3rd DC/DC converter
Side is connect with the desilication electrolysis installation；
The wind generator system is for converting wind energy into electric energy and being the direct current electric arc furnace and the desilication
Electrolysis installation provides electric energy；
The three-layer liquid energy-storage system is used to store electric energy when electric energy supply is higher than electrical energy demands amount, supplies in electric energy
Electric energy is discharged when amount is lower than electrical energy demands amount；
The direct current electric arc furnace is reduced into alusil alloy liquid for that will contain aluminium silicon raw material in the high temperature environment；
The desilication electrolysis installation is for isolating metallic aluminium and metallic silicon from the alusil alloy liquid.
Optionally, the DC side of the AC/DC converter, the 2nd DC/DC converter power output side and
The power output side of the 3rd DC/DC converter is provided with electric energy detection device；The electric energy detection device is for detecting
The input and output electric energy of the DC bus；The signal output end of each electric energy detection device is and charge-discharge controller
Signal input part connection；The control output end of the charge-discharge controller and the first DC/DC convertor controls input
End connection；The charge-discharge controller is used for according to the detection data of each electric energy detection device control described first
Control of the current direction of DC/DC converter to realization to the charge and discharge of the three-layer liquid energy-storage system.
Optionally, filter is installed in the DC side of the AC/DC converter；The filter is for filtering out alternating current-direct current
Characteristic harmonics caused by converting.
Optionally, the three-layer liquid energy-storage system includes graphite crucible, alumina crucible, fused electrolyte, positive liquid
Metal, cathode liquid metal and mild steel；
The alumina crucible is located in the graphite crucible；The cathode liquid metal, the fused electrolyte and institute
Positive liquid metal is stated to be distributed in from top to bottom in the alumina crucible；The density of the anode liquid metal is greater than described molten
Melt the density of electrolyte；The density of the fused electrolyte is greater than the density of the cathode liquid metal；The mild steel is located at
In the cathode liquid metal；The bottom opening of the alumina crucible, the anode liquid metal by the opening of bottom with
The graphite crucible contact；The mild steel and the graphite crucible pass through molybdenum bar respectively and the first DC/DC converter connects
It connects.
Optionally, the fused electrolyte includes LiF, LiCl and LiBr, and the anode liquid metal is bismuth tin alloy, institute
Stating cathode liquid metal is lithium.
Optionally, the molar ratio of the positive liquid metal and the cathode liquid metal be Li:Bi:Sn=(80~
85): (3~6): (4~8).
Optionally, the mol ratio of the fused electrolyte is LiF:LiCl:LiBr=(22~30): (27~31): (43
~47).
Invention additionally discloses the control method of a kind of aluminium and the process units of metallic silicon, applied to above-mentioned aluminium and metallic silicon
Process units；The control method includes:
The detection data for obtaining each electric energy detection device, obtain the AC/DC converter output power, described
The input power of the input power of two DC/DC converters and the 3rd DC/DC converter；
Compare the input power of the 2nd DC/DC converter and the sum of the input power of the 3rd DC/DC converter
With the size of the output power of the AC/DC converter, comparing result is obtained；
If the comparing result indicate the 2nd DC/DC converter input power and the 3rd DC/DC converter
The sum of input power be greater than the output power of the AC/DC converter, then issue the first control to the first DC/DC converter
Signal processed；The first control signal is used to indicate the first DC/DC converter and current direction is adjusted to by described three layers
Liquid energy-storage system is to the DC bus direction；
If the comparing result indicate the 2nd DC/DC converter input power and the 3rd DC/DC converter
The sum of input power be less than the output power of the AC/DC converter, then issue the second control to the first DC/DC converter
Signal processed；The second control signal is used to indicate the first DC/DC converter and current direction is adjusted to by the direct current
Bus is to three-layer liquid energy-storage system direction.
Invention additionally discloses the production methods of a kind of aluminium and metallic silicon, the process units applied to above-mentioned aluminium and metallic silicon；
The production method includes:
Aluminium silicon raw material will be contained and reducing agent pre-processes, obtain pretreated reaction material；
Pelletizing is made in the pretreated reaction material；
Adjusting the temperature in the direct current electric arc furnace is preset temperature value；
The pelletizing is added to the reduction reaction for carrying out preset duration in the direct current electric arc furnace, obtains aluminum-silicon alloy liquid
Body；
The alusil alloy liquid is filtered except Slag treatment, the alusil alloy liquid after being removed slag；
Alusil alloy liquid, cathode copper and electrolysis of fluorides matter after described remove slag is added to the desilication electrolysis
In equipment；
The temperature for controlling silicon separation electrolysis installation is precipitated aluminium and metallic silicon in preset temperature range, obtain aluminium and
Metallic silicon.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects: aluminium disclosed in this invention
It is direct current electric arc furnace using wind generator system with the control method of the process units of metallic silicon, production method and process units
Electric energy is provided with desilication electrolysis installation, and electric energy is recycled and balanced using three-layer liquid energy-storage system, so as to
Wind energy is made full use of to realize the production of aluminium and metallic silicon；And the device of the invention and method are able to use the solid waste of silicon containing aluminium material such as
Gangue, flyash and the huge solid mineral of silicon containing the aluminium production aluminium of China's reserves and metallic silicon, cheap, production cost
It is low.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure drawing of device of the process units embodiment of aluminium of the present invention and metallic silicon；
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the three-layer liquid energy-storage system of the process units embodiment of aluminium of the present invention and metallic silicon；
Fig. 3 is the charge and discharge process principle of three layers of energy-storage system in the process units embodiment of aluminium of the present invention and metallic silicon
Figure；
Fig. 4 is the method flow diagram of the control method embodiment of the process units of aluminium of the present invention and metallic silicon；
Fig. 5 is the method flow diagram of the production method embodiment of aluminium of the present invention and metallic silicon.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
Fig. 1 is the structure drawing of device of the process units embodiment of aluminium of the present invention and metallic silicon.
Referring to Fig. 1, the process units of the aluminium and metallic silicon, comprising: wind generator system 1, AC/DC converter 2, three-layer liquid
Energy-storage system 3, the first DC/DC converter 4, DC bus 5, the 2nd DC/DC converter 6, direct current electric arc furnace 7, the 3rd DC/DC become
Parallel operation 8 and desilication electrolysis installation 9；
The electric energy output end of the wind generator system 1 is connect with the AC/DC converter 2 exchange side, and the AC/DC becomes
The DC side of parallel operation 2 is connect with the DC bus 5；The side of the first DC/DC converter 4 and three-layer liquid energy storage system
3 connection of system, the other side of the first DC/DC converter 4 is connect with the DC bus 5；The 2nd DC/DC converter 6
Electric energy input side connect with the DC bus 5, the power output side of the first DC/DC converter 4 and the direct current
Arc furnace 7 connects；The electric energy input side of the 3rd DC/DC converter 8 is connect with the DC bus 5, and the 3rd DC/DC becomes
The power output side of parallel operation 8 is connect with the desilication electrolysis installation 9；
The wind generator system 1 is doubly fed wind turbine generator or direct-driving type wind power generation unit.The wind-force hair
Electric system 1 has relief arrangement, being capable of off-load when wind-powered electricity generation can not dissolve.
The wind generator system 1 is main power supply, for converting wind energy into electric energy and being the direct-current arc
Furnace 7 and the desilication electrolysis installation 9 provide electric energy；
The three-layer liquid energy-storage system 3 is auxiliary electric power supply, for storing up when electric energy supply is higher than electrical energy demands amount
Electric energy is deposited, discharges electric energy when electric energy supply is lower than electrical energy demands amount；
The wind generator system and the three-layer liquid energy-storage system cooperate intermittent, unstable wind-powered electricity generation power supply
Become the power supply system with reliability, stability and high power quality.
The direct current electric arc furnace 7 is reduced into alusil alloy liquid for that will contain aluminium silicon raw material in the high temperature environment；
The desilication electrolysis installation 9 is for isolating metallic aluminium and metallic silicon from the alusil alloy liquid.
In the DC side of the AC/DC converter 2, the power output side of the 2nd DC/DC converter 6 and described
The power output side of three DC/DC converters 8 is provided with electric energy detection device 10；The electric energy detection device 10 is for detecting institute
State the input and output electric energy of DC bus 5；The signal output end of each electric energy detection device 10 is filled with charge and discharge control
Set the signal input part connection of (not shown)；The control output end of the charge-discharge controller and the first DC/DC
The connection of 4 control signal of converter；The charge-discharge controller is used for the detection according to each electric energy detection device 10
Data control the current direction of the first DC/DC converter 4 to realize the charge and discharge to the three-layer liquid energy-storage system 3
Control.
Filter 11 is installed in the DC side of the AC/DC converter 2；The filter 11 is for filtering out alternating current-direct current change
Change generated characteristic harmonics.The AC/DC converter 2 is connected by the filter 11 with the DC bus 5.
One of load of the invention is direct current electric arc furnace.In China, direct current electric arc furnace is seldom used, general exchange
Mine heat furnace smelting alloy.But in smelting Al-Si alloy, since the temperature of needs is high, exchange mineral hot furnace bottom temperature is low, often
There is furnace bottom to rise bottom phenomenon, the working of a furnace is poor, breaks down more, therefore, does not have alusil alloy production line industrially so far.Direct-current arc
Furnace and three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace maximum difference are direct current electric arc furnace using an electrode, with conducting hearth for another pole.Work
Whole electric current flows through furnace bottom when making, can be the power in input furnace more without the Sideward current problem of three-phase alternating current mineral hot furnace
Mostly distribute to reaction zone and furnace bottom.Especially furnace bottom is conductive, is conducive to improve bottom temperature.These features just meet aluminium silicon
The requirement of alloy smelting process, it may be assumed that not requiring nothing more than reaction zone has very high power density, to guarantee that reduction reaction carries out rapidly,
And require furnace bottom also there are very high power density values, in favor of inhibiting furnace bottom rising.Use furnace bottom as anode, top electrode is made
It can so be created more for inhibition furnace bottom rising for cathode using the further heating furnace bottom of additional heat caused by anode effect
For advantageous condition.DC-ore-heating furnace has the further advantage that
(1) it is concentrated due to electric energy in circuit lower height, furnace bottom power density is big, and electrode can be further buried, high-efficient.
(2) since top electrode is in cathode, launching electronics, electrode temperature is relatively low, and oxidational losses is few, thus electrode disappears
Consumption is few.
(3) noise is substantially reduced.
(4) than exchange mineral hot furnace energy conservation 10% or so.
(5) power factor of ore furnace 0.85 or so is exchanged, and direct current electric arc furnace power factor can be improved to 0.92 or more.
The silicon raw material containing aluminium of direct current electric arc furnace investment can be raw ore, concentrate and waste material containing aluminium and silicon, such as coal
Raw ore, concentrate and the ore dressing rear molding of the mineral such as the solid wastes such as spoil, flyash and andalusite, kyanite, kaolin, sillimanite
Mine.This contains aluminium silicon raw material and makees reducing agent with pure coke after except iron processing, and silico-aluminum is obtained in direct current electric arc furnace.
Another load of the invention is desilication electrolysis installation.The electric energy of desilication electrolysis installation be also directly from
DC bus is accessed with DC/DC converter.Caused by direct current electric arc furnace of the raw material from upstream of desilication electrolysis installation
Alusil alloy liquid after melting.After alusil alloy liquid enters the device, it is incorporated a certain proportion of cathode copper, becomes aluminium copper silicon
Alloy liquid, the Al-Si-Cu alloy liquid fusing point is at 520 DEG C~580 DEG C.As anode, liquid aluminium is the Al-Si-Cu alloy liquid
Cathode, high purity graphite connect liquid aluminium, and electrolyte is fluorination salt electrolyte, including aluminum fluoride, barium fluoride, sodium fluoride, work
700 DEG C~750 DEG C of temperature, HIGH-PURITY SILICON is periodically crystallized in anode region, pulls filtering out, is being removed remaining aluminium with salt acid elution, is being obtained
To 99.9% HIGH-PURITY SILICON, it is used to prepare solar cell material raw material；Rafifinal is precipitated in cathodic region, periodically takes out, and purity is
99.9%.Cathode copper is used in anode region always, and anode region liquid remains the suitable ratio of aluminium copper silicon.
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of the three-layer liquid energy-storage system of the process units embodiment of aluminium of the present invention and metallic silicon.
Referring to fig. 2, the three-layer liquid energy-storage system 3 include graphite crucible 301, alumina crucible 302, fused electrolyte 303,
Positive liquid metal 304, cathode liquid metal 305 and mild steel 306；
The alumina crucible 302 is located in the graphite crucible 301；The cathode liquid metal 305, melting electricity
Solution matter 303 and the positive liquid metal 304 are distributed in from top to bottom in the alumina crucible 302；The anode liquid gold
The density of category 304 is greater than the density of the fused electrolyte 303；The density of the fused electrolyte 303 is greater than the negative electrode solution
The density of state metal 305；The mild steel 306 is located in the cathode liquid metal 305；The bottom of the alumina crucible 302
Portion's opening, the anode liquid metal 304 are contacted by the opening of bottom with the graphite crucible 301；The mild steel 306 with
The graphite crucible 301 is connect by molybdenum bar 307 with the first DC/DC converter 4 respectively.
Temperature detecting probe 308 is also inserted on the graphite crucible 301；The temperature detecting probe 308 is for examining
Testing temperature.
The fused electrolyte 303 includes LiF, LiCl and LiBr, and the anode liquid metal 304 is bismuth tin alloy, institute
Stating cathode liquid metal 305 is lithium.
The molar ratio of the anode liquid metal 304 and the cathode liquid metal 305 is Li:Bi:Sn=(80~85):
(3~6): (4~8), as a preferred embodiment, Li:Bi:Sn=80:3:4.
The mol ratio of the fused electrolyte 303 is LiF:LiCl:LiBr=(22~30): (27~31): (43~
47), as a preferred embodiment, LiF:LiCl:LiBr=22:31:47.
Three layers of energy-storage system 3 are a kind of high-temperature batteries, and fused electrolyte 303 is located at positive liquid metal 304 and negative electrode solution
Between state metal 305, electrolyte and separator are served as.Positive liquid metal 304, cathode liquid metal 305 and fused electrolyte
303 because density difference and mutually immiscible are separated into three layers each other, and the electrochemical process of three layers of energy-storage system 3 is by two liquid
Different electronegativity driving between metal layer.
Fig. 3 is the charge and discharge process principle of three layers of energy-storage system in the process units embodiment of aluminium of the present invention and metallic silicon
Figure.
Referring to Fig. 3, in discharge process, the cathode liquid metal (being indicated with A) positioned at top is oxidized to An+, release electricity
Son, subsequent electronics enter external circuit, An+The positive liquid metal (being indicated with B) for being located at bottom is reached by fused electrolyte, with
Liquid metal B generates A-B alloy.With the progress of discharge process, corresponding change: cathode occurs for thickness of electrode and electrolyte position
Metal thickness is thinning, cathode metal and An+Compound is formed, thickness increases.Charging process is opposite with discharge process.Charging process
Electrode reaction equation and net reaction it is as follows.
Negative reaction: A → An++ne-；
Anode reaction: An++ne-+B→A-B；
Overall reaction: A+B → A-B
300 DEG C~600 DEG C of the operating temperature of the three-layer liquid energy-storage system 3, balanced voltage between 0.74-0.79V, than
It is more stable, current density charge and discharge that can be big.The function of three-layer liquid energy-storage system 3 is to stabilize the fluctuation and interval of wind-powered electricity generation
Property, wind power absorbs power, issues power when wind power is less than load when being greater than load, to keep entire process units
Interior voltage and power stability meet load needs.
Embodiment 2:
Fig. 4 is the method flow diagram of the control method embodiment of the process units of aluminium of the present invention and metallic silicon.
Referring to fig. 4, the control method of the process units of the aluminium and metallic silicon, the production applied to above-mentioned aluminium and metallic silicon fill
It sets；The control method includes:
Step 201: obtaining the detection data of each electric energy detection device, obtain the output work of the AC/DC converter
The input power of rate, the input power of the 2nd DC/DC converter and the 3rd DC/DC converter；
Step 202: the input power of comparison the 2nd DC/DC converter and the input of the 3rd DC/DC converter
The size of the sum of power and the output power of the AC/DC converter, obtains comparing result；
Step 203: if the comparing result indicate the 2nd DC/DC converter input power and the 3rd DC/
The sum of input power of DC converter is greater than the output power of the AC/DC converter, then sends out to the first DC/DC converter
First control signal out；The first control signal be used to indicate the first DC/DC converter by current direction be adjusted to by
The three-layer liquid energy-storage system is to the DC bus direction；
Step 204: if the comparing result indicate the 2nd DC/DC converter input power and the 3rd DC/
The sum of input power of DC converter is less than the output power of the AC/DC converter, then sends out to the first DC/DC converter
Second control signal out；The second control signal be used to indicate the first DC/DC converter by current direction be adjusted to by
The DC bus is to three-layer liquid energy-storage system direction.
Embodiment 3:
Fig. 5 is the method flow diagram of the production method embodiment of aluminium of the present invention and metallic silicon.
Referring to Fig. 5, the production method of the aluminium and metallic silicon, the process units applied to above-mentioned aluminium and metallic silicon；The production
Firstly the need of guaranteeing that remotely control starts before method execution, passes through electric energy detection device and detect DC bus power input and export
Data issue instruction according to detection data in time, make three layers of energy-storage system charge and discharge, keep DC bus power input and demand
Balance and voltage stabilization；Issuing instruction principle is: when wind power is greater than direct current electric arc furnace input power and desilication is electrolysed
When the sum of device input power, to three layers of energy-storage system charging, when wind power is less than direct current electric arc furnace input power and aluminium silicon
When separating the sum of electrolysis unit input power, three layers of energy-storage system output power are covered the shortage part.Production method of the invention
Used silicon raw material containing aluminium includes that the solids such as raw ore, concentrate and waste material, such as gangue, flyash containing aluminium and silicon are useless
Tailing after the raw ore of material and the mineral such as andalusite, kyanite, kaolin, sillimanite, concentrate and ore dressing, need to guarantee silicon raw material containing aluminium
In salic ratio be 30%~60%, the ratio of silicon oxide-containing is 30%~70%, when ratio is not met, adds oxygen
Change aluminium or silica to adjust.With pure coke (iron content is lower than 0.5%) for reducing agent, proportion: according to the mass fraction, silicon containing aluminium
70~80 parts of raw material, 15~25 parts of coke, 5~8 parts of binders and 4~6 parts of water are added.Fixed in coke carbon content 60%~
80%；Binder is production highly effective binder, and binder is mainly organized as mineral silicate class and organic matter cellulose.It is viscous
Knot agent is effective crosslinking condition, ensure that its using effect.Binder is yellow starch gum, white dextrin, pre-gelatinized starch, carboxymethyl cellulose
At least one of plain sodium and CMC sodium carboxymethyl starch.The production method includes:
Step 301: aluminium silicon raw material will be contained and reducing agent pre-processes, obtain pretreated reaction material；Specifically:
Silicon raw material containing aluminium, reducing agent coke are worn into powder of the granularity less than 1mm respectively and handled except iron, iron side is removed
Method can use magnetic selection method or hydrochloric acid leaching method, make iron oxide content less than 0.5%；Whole materials are dried later
Processing, and uniformly mixed in batch mixer, form pretreated reaction material.
Step 302: pelletizing is made in the pretreated reaction material；Specifically:
Pelletizing is made in pretreated reaction material in briquetting machine, and briquetting pressure is 20MPa~30MPa；The ball that will be made
Group's drying and dewatering at 100 DEG C~150 DEG C, it is desirable that moisture is no more than 1%.
Step 303: adjusting the temperature in the direct current electric arc furnace is preset temperature value；Preset temperature value be 1900 DEG C~
Arbitrary value between 2200 DEG C.
Step 304: the pelletizing being added to the reduction reaction for carrying out preset duration in the direct current electric arc furnace, obtains aluminium
Silicon alloy liquid；Specifically:
The reduction reaction time is 3~4 hours.Periodically charging and periodically discharging (interval 2~4 hours).Discharging includes liquid
Alusil alloy, liquid alusil alloy generally contain aluminium 30%~60%, and siliceous 40~70%, iron content is not higher than 1%.Direct current electric arc furnace
Electrode uses high purity graphite, purity 99.9%.Discharge method is to release alusil alloy liquid from aluminium flowing-out mouth to two-maing ladle.Slag is general
Containing calcium oxide 30%~45%, magnesia 30~50%, aluminium oxide 10%~20% is used for deoxidizer in steel production or construction material.
Step 305: the alusil alloy liquid being filtered except Slag treatment, the alusil alloy liquid after being removed slag；
Specifically:
Because containing a certain amount of nonmetallic inclusion in alloy, refining agent slagging-off need to be added in two-maing ladle.It is added in two-maing ladle
Refining agent, filtering and removing slag to get arrive liquid juice crude aluminum silicon alloy.
Step 306: alusil alloy liquid, cathode copper and the electrolysis of fluorides matter after described remove slag are added to the aluminium silicon
It separates in electrolysis installation.
The alusil alloy liquid that direct current electric arc furnace comes out flows into desilication electrolysis installation after slagging-off, with addition of cathode copper,
Cathode copper purity is 99.5%, and additional amount is so that the content of cathode copper accounts for alusil alloy liquid and cathode copper total content 30~40%
Subject to, according to sial copper ternary phase diagrams, alloy density reaches 3.1~3.6g/cm at this time3.It is 0.5~1g/ higher than electrolyte density
cm3, the fusing point of such alloy is 520 DEG C~580 DEG C.Electrolyte use sodium fluoride 20%, barium fluoride 50%, aluminum fluoride 30%,
650 DEG C of fusing point.
Step 307: the temperature for controlling the silicon separation electrolysis installation is precipitated aluminium and metallic silicon in preset temperature range,
Obtain aluminium and metallic silicon.
Desilication electrolysis installation is made of positive and negative anodes and container.The operating temperature of desilication electrolysis installation is 700 DEG C
~750 DEG C.The copper Si-Al melt body that alusil alloy liquid is formed after mixing with cathode copper is distributed in bottom as anode, and bottom is
High purity graphite rod, high purity graphite rod are connected with rod iron；Cathode is liquid aluminium, and liquid aluminium is connected with high purity graphite rod.Periodically it is added
Pure alusil alloy liquid supplements cathode copper, and aluminium is constantly precipitated in cathodic region, when aluminium is constantly reduced, silicon in anode region
Also start constantly to be precipitated, periodically take out rafifinal and HIGH-PURITY SILICON.By supplement raw material and product is taken out to keep anode region liquid
Body copper sial ratio is in a certain range: cupric 30%~40%, and siliceous 10%~20%, contain aluminium 50%~60%.It is precipitated
Product aluminium purity 99.9%；Contain a certain amount of aluminium and copper in the product silicon of precipitation, with salt acid elution, purity be can reach
99.9%.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects: aluminium disclosed in this invention
It is direct current electric arc furnace using wind generator system with the control method of the process units of metallic silicon, production method and process units
Electric energy is provided with desilication electrolysis installation, and electric energy is recycled and balanced using three-layer liquid energy-storage system, so as to
Wind energy is made full use of to realize the production of aluminium and metallic silicon.And the cooperation of wind generator system and three-layer liquid energy-storage system makes to export
Power stability, voltage stabilization meet direct current electric arc furnace and desilication electrolysis installation device needs.The present invention is in addition to using original
Outside mine and concentrate, it is most important that can use gangue, flyash solid waste and andalusite or kyanite or kaolin or
Raw material of the discarded tailing as production aluminium and metallic silicon, turns waste into wealth after the ore dressings such as sillimanite or low-grade bauxite, saves oxygen
Change the import volume of aluminum feedstock, the production cost of aluminium and metallic silicon can be saved while protecting environment.
Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and above embodiments are said
It is bright to be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, foundation
Thought of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the process units of a kind of aluminium and metallic silicon characterized by comprising wind generator system, AC/DC converter, three layers
Liquid energy-storage system, the first DC/DC converter, DC bus, the 2nd DC/DC converter, direct current electric arc furnace, the 3rd DC/DC transformation
Device and desilication electrolysis installation；
The electric energy output end of the wind generator system is connect with AC/DC converter exchange side, the AC/DC converter
DC side is connect with the DC bus；The side of the first DC/DC converter is connect with the three-layer liquid energy-storage system, institute
The other side for stating the first DC/DC converter is connect with the DC bus；The electric energy input side of the 2nd DC/DC converter with
The DC bus connection, the power output side of the first DC/DC converter is connect with the direct current electric arc furnace；The third
The electric energy input side of DC/DC converter is connect with the DC bus, the power output side of the 3rd DC/DC converter and institute
State the connection of desilication electrolysis installation；
The wind generator system is for converting wind energy into electric energy and being electrolysed for the direct current electric arc furnace and the desilication
Equipment provides electric energy；
The three-layer liquid energy-storage system is used to store electric energy when electric energy supply is higher than electrical energy demands amount, low in electric energy supply
Electric energy is discharged when electrical energy demands amount；
The direct current electric arc furnace is reduced into alusil alloy liquid for that will contain aluminium silicon raw material in the high temperature environment；
The desilication electrolysis installation is for isolating metallic aluminium and metallic silicon from the alusil alloy liquid.
2. the process units of aluminium according to claim 1 and metallic silicon, which is characterized in that in the AC/DC converter
The power output side of DC side, the power output side of the 2nd DC/DC converter and the 3rd DC/DC converter is all provided with
It is equipped with electric energy detection device；The electric energy detection device is used to detect the input and output electric energy of the DC bus；It is each described
The signal output end of electric energy detection device is connect with the signal input part of charge-discharge controller；The charge-discharge controller
Control output end connect with the first DC/DC convertor controls input terminal；The charge-discharge controller is used for according to each
The detection data of a electric energy detection device controls the current direction of the first DC/DC converter to realize to described three
The control of the charge and discharge of layer liquid energy-storage system.
3. the process units of aluminium according to claim 1 and metallic silicon, which is characterized in that in the AC/DC converter
DC side is equipped with filter；The filter is for filtering out characteristic harmonics caused by ac-dc conversion.
4. the process units of aluminium according to claim 1 and metallic silicon, which is characterized in that the three-layer liquid energy-storage system packet
Include graphite crucible, alumina crucible, fused electrolyte, positive liquid metal, cathode liquid metal and mild steel；
The alumina crucible is located in the graphite crucible；The cathode liquid metal, the fused electrolyte and it is described just
Pole liquid metal is distributed in from top to bottom in the alumina crucible；The density of the anode liquid metal is greater than the melting electricity
Solve the density of matter；The density of the fused electrolyte is greater than the density of the cathode liquid metal；The mild steel is located at described
In cathode liquid metal；The bottom opening of the alumina crucible, the anode liquid metal by the opening of bottom with it is described
Graphite crucible contact；The mild steel passes through molybdenum bar with the graphite crucible respectively and connect with the first DC/DC converter.
5. the process units of aluminium according to claim 4 and metallic silicon, which is characterized in that the fused electrolyte includes
LiF, LiCl and LiBr, the anode liquid metal are bismuth tin alloy, and the cathode liquid metal is lithium.
6. the process units of aluminium according to claim 5 and metallic silicon, which is characterized in that the anode liquid metal and institute
The molar ratio for stating cathode liquid metal is Li:Bi:Sn=(80~85): (3~6): (4~8).
7. the process units of aluminium according to claim 5 and metallic silicon, which is characterized in that mole of the fused electrolyte
Proportion is LiF:LiCl:LiBr=(22~30): (27~31): (43~47).
8. a kind of control method of the process units of aluminium and metallic silicon, which is characterized in that be applied to aluminium as claimed in claim 2
With the process units of metallic silicon；The control method includes:
The detection data for obtaining each electric energy detection device, obtain the AC/DC converter output power, described second
The input power of the input power of DC/DC converter and the 3rd DC/DC converter；
Compare the sum of the input power of the 2nd DC/DC converter and the input power of the 3rd DC/DC converter and institute
The size for stating the output power of AC/DC converter, obtains comparing result；
If the comparing result indicates the defeated of the input power of the 2nd DC/DC converter and the 3rd DC/DC converter
Enter the output power that the sum of power is greater than the AC/DC converter, then issues the first control letter to the first DC/DC converter
Number；The first control signal is used to indicate the first DC/DC converter and is adjusted to be stored up by the three-layer liquid by current direction
Can system to the DC bus direction；
If the comparing result indicates the defeated of the input power of the 2nd DC/DC converter and the 3rd DC/DC converter
Enter the output power that the sum of power is less than the AC/DC converter, then issues the second control letter to the first DC/DC converter
Number；The second control signal is used to indicate the first DC/DC converter and current direction is adjusted to by the DC bus
To three-layer liquid energy-storage system direction.
9. the production method of a kind of aluminium and metallic silicon, which is characterized in that be applied to as described in any one of claim 1~7
Aluminium and metallic silicon process units；The production method includes:
Aluminium silicon raw material will be contained and reducing agent pre-processes, obtain pretreated reaction material；
Pelletizing is made in the pretreated reaction material；
Adjusting the temperature in the direct current electric arc furnace is preset temperature value；
The pelletizing is added to the reduction reaction for carrying out preset duration in the direct current electric arc furnace, obtains alusil alloy liquid；
The alusil alloy liquid is filtered except Slag treatment, the alusil alloy liquid after being removed slag；
Alusil alloy liquid, cathode copper and electrolysis of fluorides matter after described remove slag is added to the desilication electrolysis installation
In；
The temperature for controlling the silicon separation electrolysis installation is precipitated aluminium and metallic silicon in preset temperature range, obtains aluminium and metal
Silicon.
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| CN112126947A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-12-25 | 段双录 | Device for preparing aluminum alloy in situ by electrolysis |
| CN112994112A (en) * | 2021-04-26 | 2021-06-18 | 济南易航新材料科技有限公司 | Combined energy consumption power generation system |
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| CN115864355B (en) * | 2023-02-16 | 2023-05-05 | 云南铝业股份有限公司 | Power supply device of distributed photovoltaic direct-current access aluminum electrolysis cell direct-current bus |
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