CN109971538A - A method of egg oil is prepared using Propane abstraction technique - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/56—Materials from animals other than mammals
- A61K35/57—Birds; Materials from birds, e.g. eggs, feathers, egg white, egg yolk or endothelium corneum gigeriae galli
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/025—Pretreatment by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for preparing egg oil using Propane abstraction technique, belong to food technology field.The present invention first passes around separation, dilution, low temperature natural subsidence or centrifugal treating using high DHA egg as raw material, then digested, low temperature spray drying and etc. obtain yolk powder, finally take subcritical abstraction technology obtain egg oil.This method no solvent residue, egg oil extraction efficiency are 92~98%, and extraction temperature and pressure are mild, are conducive to protect high value ingredient in egg oil.DHA content is 9%~15% in egg oil, lecithin content is 9%~15%, DHA is lecithin mating type DHA (lecithin content is 3%~20%), and cholesterol level is lower (8.3%~8.6%), huge in medicine and food service industry application potential.By-product water-solubility protein can be used as the raw material for extracting high value ingredient immunoglobulin；Hydrolysis yolk powder after extracting egg oil, absorption easy to digest can be used as the exploitation that raw-food material is applied to the elderly's less fat nutrient food.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to subcritical fluid extraction technology, the extractant used is propane, and in particular to a kind of using sub-
The method that critical propane's abstraction technique prepares egg oil.
Background technique
Egg oil is the general name of the liposoluble substance extracted from birds, beasts and eggs, is rich in lecithin, is a kind of advanced nutrition guarantor
Strong tonic.Lecithin, which has, to be adjusted blood lipid, promotes brain development, enhancing memory, improves the physiology such as Liver Lipid Metabolism obstacle
Function.A kind of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid of ω -3 series, is commonly called as " docosapentaenoic acid ", can activate
Brain cell prevents decrease of memory and senile dementia.DHA can also enhance liver function, help glucose metabolism, reduce glycosuria
Hyperglycemia problem caused by disease.In addition, DHA also has the effect of reduction cholesterol, protection vascular health.DHA is human body one kind
Essential fatty acid, but only synthesis is not able to satisfy itself needs in human body, it is therefore necessary to from external supplement.Current research report,
In the presence of DHA and lecithin are with reference state, there is higher bioavailability, under this state, the oxidation stability of DHA increases
By force, and phospholipid molecule can completely be absorbed by cell, and be decomposed into DHA and phosphatide in the cell, to play synergistic effect.
The traditional extraction process of egg oil is organic solvent method, but there are what organic solvent residual and Hubeiwan lost to ask
Topic, because without encouraging to use.Overcritical and subcritical abstraction technology is a kind of new oil abstraction technique, is had solvent-free residual
The advantages that staying, recovery rate height, protecting beneficiating ingredient, such as supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method and Propane extract skill
Art.Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method refers to using carbon dioxide as extractant extract oil at supercritical conditions
Rouge, extraction process is easy to operate, time-consuming short, high quality.But operational process use high pressure, pressure usually >=
27MPa, the high requirements on the equipment, and cost of investment are high；In addition, grease solubility in carbon dioxide is low, the extraction efficiency of grease
It is limited, it is 81% or so；And thermal energy is needed to evaporate solvent from oil, operating cost is high.And Propane abstraction technique phase
Have the following advantages than supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method: extracting pressure is low, general≤10MPa, low for equipment requirements；Extraction
It takes temperature low, is conducive to protect the beneficiating ingredient in yolk, the especially oxidizable ingredient of high temperature, such as DHA, carotenoids
Element, folic acid etc., obtained egg oil nutritive value are high；Grease dissolubility in extractant propane is higher, the extraction effect of grease
Rate is high, and time-consuming shorter.In addition, subcritical abstraction can make solvent and oily quick separating by releasing stress, it is easy to operate.It is comprehensive
On, Propane abstraction technique is more suitable for from rich in extracting egg oil in DHA egg.
Currently, also thering is document report to prepare egg oil using Propane abstraction technique, but there are extraction temperature height, pressure
The problems such as power is high easily causes DHA oxidative degradation, nutritive value loss, or even generates harmful substance, is not suitable for rich in DHA chicken
Egg.And report is applied to the minimum pressure of egg oil extraction is 2.5MPa at present, to actual production equipment requirement or slightly higher.This
Outside, if extracted using low pressure Propane, obtained egg oil has that grease extraction efficiency is not high, oil extracting rate one
As only 80%~85%.
Therefore, need to develop a kind of low extracting pressure, low temperature and the high Propane extraction skill of egg oil oil extracting rate
Art, to guarantee the high oil extracting rate of egg oil in the case where guaranteeing that the DHA in egg oil is not destroyed.
Summary of the invention
[technical problem]
The extraction process of egg oil has that high temperature and pressure destroys DHA or oil extracting rate is low.
[technical solution]
The present invention is using high DHA egg as raw material, through dilution, low temperature natural subsidence or centrifugation, then carries out enzymatic hydrolysis demulsification, ultralow
Temperature spray drying obtains high DHA yolk powder, then prepares egg oil, no solvent residue, grease using Propane abstraction technique
Extraction efficiency is 92-98%, and extraction temperature and pressure are low, is conducive to protect high nutritive value ingredient in egg oil.
Specifically, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of method for preparing egg oil using Propane abstraction technique,
Specific step is as follows:
(1) prepared by raw material: Fresh Egg is chosen, egg yolk liquid is collected, is diluted with water with solid-liquid ratio 1:5~1:10 (w/w), it is low
Warm natural subsidence or centrifugation remove supernatant, collect precipitating, and water is added to supplement solid-liquid ratio to 1:2~1:5 (w/w), adjust pH to
2.0~8.0,1000~5000U/g protease is added, after hydrolyzing 0.5~4.5h at 35~55 DEG C, using lower than 140 DEG C of low temperature
Spray drying obtains yolk powder；
(2) it pelletizes: the cylindrical particle that diameter is 5~8mm is made in the yolk powder that step (1) obtains；
(3) it extracts: egg oil being extracted using Propane abstraction technique for cylindrical particle made from step (2),
Wherein, the solid-liquid ratio (w/v, g/mL) of yolk powder and extractant is 1:9~1:15, and extractant is propane, and extracting pressure is
0.5~1.5MPa, extraction temperature are 30~45 DEG C, and propane flow >=1.26kg/h, extraction time is 90~120min；
(4) product is collected and is examined: after the completion of extraction, solvent propane recovery is utilized using the pressure difference of evaporating kettle, from
Egg oil is discharged in evaporating kettle lower end, collects by-product de-fatted egg yolk powder.
In one embodiment of the invention, in step (1), the egg is preferably enriched in the egg of DHA, the richness
Egg containing DHA is rich in by feeding addition DHA compound additive, Mortierella alpina dry thallus or Sargassum protein powder etc.
The feed of DHA, after the edible digestion of laying hen, DHA is enriched in egg to be obtained.
In one embodiment of the invention, DHA >=360mg/100g in the egg rich in DHAEgg。
In one embodiment of the invention, in step (1), the low temperature natural subsidence is at a temperature of 0~10 DEG C
8~12h of natural subsidence；The centrifugation is to use revolving speed for the butterfly centrifugal machine of 5000~8000g.
In one embodiment of the invention, in step (1), the protease include but is not limited to neutral proteinase,
Alkali protease, papain or acid protease.
In one embodiment of the invention, when protease is neutral proteinase or papain, the pH of hydrolysis
It is 6.5~7.5, hydrolysis temperature is 40 DEG C~55 DEG C；When protease is alkali protease, the pH of hydrolysis is 8.0~9.5, water
Solving temperature is 40 DEG C~55 DEG C；When protease is acid protease, the pH of hydrolysis is 2.5~4.5, hydrolysis temperature is 35 DEG C~
50℃。
In one embodiment of the invention, in step (1), the protease is preferably neutral proteinase.
In one embodiment of the invention, in step (1), the inlet air temperature of the low temperature spray drying is 110~
140 DEG C, leaving air temp is 55~65 DEG C.
In one embodiment of the invention, pelleting temperature described in step (2) is 35~45 DEG C.
The present invention also provides a kind of above-mentioned methods for preparing egg oil using Propane abstraction technique to be prepared
Egg oil.
Finally, the present invention provides health care products and food comprising above-mentioned egg oil.
It is that the present invention obtains the utility model has the advantages that
(1) present invention yolk is diluted, low temperature natural subsidence or centrifugal treating, remove water-soluble egg in yolk
It is white, only it is left fat-soluble protein, then digested using protease, reaches demulsification, it is subsequent to be extracted using Propane
Technology is taken to extract egg oil under low-temp low-pressure, extraction yield is up to 92~98%.
(2) extraction conditions that the present invention uses is mild, and pressure is 0.5~1.5MPa, and temperature is 30~45 DEG C, extraction time
For 90~120min, DHA content is 9%~15% in gained egg oil, and lecithin content is that 9%~15%, DHA is lecithin
Mating type DHA (lecithin content be 3%~20%) has the characteristics that high stability, high-absorbility, full of nutrition, in medicine
It is huge with food service industry application potential.In addition to this, the cholesterol level for the egg oil that the present invention obtains it is lower (8.3%~
8.6%), there is excellent nutritive value and healthcare function.
(3) the method for the present invention obtains water-solubility protein and low fat hydrolysis two kinds of by-products of yolk powder simultaneously, the former can carry out
Filtering, concentration, drying and other steps extract high value ingredient immunoglobulin, and it is low applied to the elderly that the latter can be used as raw-food material
The exploitation of rouge nutraceutical.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 extracts the device figure of egg oil using Propane, wherein 1- extractor, 2- evaporator, and 3- surge tank,
4- drainer, 5- solvent tank, 6- boiler, 7- heat-exchanger pump, 8- compressor, 9- vacuum pump, 10- fire arrester, 11- taste removal tank, 12-
Control panel.
The pictorial diagram for the high DHA high lecithin egg oil gone out that Fig. 2 is extracted using Propane abstraction technique.
The canonical plotting for the cholesterol level that Fig. 3 is measured at absorbing wavelength 560nm.
The canonical plotting of Fig. 4 phosphorus content.
Specific embodiment
Determination of Cholesterol Content method: referring to cholesterol in Directly saponification-ammonium ferric sulfate colorimetry for quick analysis egg oil
Content.Each sample at least measures to be averaged three times.The specific method is as follows:
Sample 100mg is accurately weighed, dehydrated alcohol 4mL, 50% potassium hydroxide solution 0.5mL, soap in 65 DEG C of water-baths is added
Change 1.5~2h, after taking out cooling, 5% sodium chloride solution 3mL, petroleum ether 10mL is added, covers tightly Bo Sai, is shaken on vibrating machine
2min, stratification (at least 1h).Upper layer petroleum ether 2mL is taken, is placed in the test tube of 10mL tool glass plug, uses nitrogen in 65 DEG C of water-baths
Air-blowing is dry, ice acetic acid 4mL, siderotil developing solution 2mL, mixes colorimetric.The content of cholesterol in sample is calculated according to standard curve.
Lecithin content measuring method: using the content of lecithin in spectrophotometry measurement egg oil.Experimental principle is
Sample and metal oxide containing phosphatide are ashed through calcination, and hydrochloric acid is dissolved in after ashing, after adding the reagents such as sodium molybdate, are then generated
Phosphomolybdate, phosphomolybdate are reduced and generate the colored complexs such as molybdenum blue, are compared at 650nm wavelength with spectrophotometer
Color measurement, the depth of color is directly proportional to content of phospholipid in sample, and using standard phosphorus content curve, the phosphorus acquired in sample contains
Amount, then it is scaled lecithin content.
DHA content measuring method: referring to national standard GB/T5009.168-2003 " eicosapentaenoic acid and 22 in food
The measurement of carbon acid ".
The calculation method of oil yield: on the basis of the progress Soxhlet extraction experiment of DHA yolk powder, fat content is calculated as total
The calculating of fat, total fat mass with Soxhlet extraction on the egg oil mass ratio that extracts under different condition is oil yield.
Embodiment 1: a method of egg oil is prepared using Propane technology, comprising the following steps:
DHA egg-yolk separation-dilution-natural subsidence/centrifugation-enzymatic hydrolysis-low temperature spray drying-DHA yolk
Powder-extraction-collection and inspection
1) prepared by raw material: choosing the egg for being rich in DHA, cleans, broken shell, separate egg white and yolk, collect egg yolk liquid, with material
Liquor ratio 1:7 (w/w, similarly hereinafter) is diluted with water, 4 DEG C of natural subsidence 16h, removes supernatant, collects precipitating, water is added to be supplemented to solid-liquid ratio
1:5 adjusts pH to 7,3000U/g neutral proteinase is added, after hydrolyzing 3h at 55 DEG C, using low temperature spray drying (inlet air temperature
It is 120 DEG C, leaving air temp is 60 DEG C) obtain DHA yolk powder；
2) it pelletizes: the cylindrical yolk powder particles that diameter is 5mm, granulation temperature is made in the DHA yolk powder that step (1) obtains
Degree is 35 DEG C；
3) it extracts: egg oil, extraction being extracted using Propane abstraction technique for cylindrical particle made from step (2)
Feeding liquor ratio is 1:15 (w/v, g/mL, similarly hereinafter), wherein extracting pressure 1.5MPa, temperature are 45 DEG C, and propane flow is
1.28kg/h, extraction time 120min；
4) product is collected and is examined: after the completion of extraction, being utilized solvent propane recovery using the pressure difference of evaporating kettle, from steaming
It sends out kettle lower end and egg oil is discharged, collect by-product de-fatted egg yolk powder.
Oil yield is calculated, detects DHA content in the egg oil being obtained by extraction, lecithin content and cholesterol level, as a result
It is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2: a method of egg oil is prepared using Propane technology, comprising the following steps:
1) prepared by raw material: choosing the egg for being rich in DHA, cleans, broken shell, separate egg white and yolk, collect egg yolk liquid, with material
Liquor ratio 1:7 (w/w) is diluted with water, 4 DEG C of natural subsidence 16h, removes supernatant, collects precipitating, water is added to be supplemented to solid-liquid ratio 1:5,
PH to 7 is adjusted, 3000U/g neutral proteinase is added and uses low temperature spray drying (inlet air temperature 120 after hydrolyzing 3h at 55 DEG C
DEG C, leaving air temp is 60 DEG C) obtain high DHA yolk powder；
2) pelletize: the cylindrical yolk powder particles of 5mm are made in the high DHA yolk powder that step (2) is obtained, and pelleting temperature is
35℃；
3) it extracts: egg oil being extracted using Propane abstraction technique for cylindrical particle made from step (2),
In, extraction solid-liquid ratio is 1:11, and extracting pressure 1.5MPa, temperature is 30 DEG C, propane flow 1.28kg/h, and extraction time is
120min；
4) product is collected and is examined: after the completion of extraction, being utilized solvent propane recovery using the pressure difference of evaporating kettle, from steaming
It sends out kettle lower end and egg oil is discharged, collect by-product de-fatted egg yolk powder.
Calculate oil yield, detect DHA content in the egg oil being obtained by extraction, lecithin content and and cholesterol level, knot
Fruit is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3: a method of egg oil is prepared using Propane technology, comprising the following steps:
1) prepared by raw material: choosing the egg for being rich in DHA, cleans, broken shell, separate egg white and yolk, collect egg yolk liquid, with material
Liquor ratio 1:7 is diluted with water, and is centrifuged (8000g), and supernatant is removed, and collects precipitating, and water is added to be supplemented to solid-liquid ratio 1:5, adjust pH to
7,3000U/g neutral proteinase is added, after hydrolyzing 3h at 55 DEG C, use low temperature spray drying (inlet air temperature for 120 DEG C, outlet air
Temperature is 60 DEG C) obtain DHA yolk powder；
2) it pelletizes: the DHA yolk powder that step (1) obtains is made to the cylindrical yolk powder particles of 6mm, pelleting temperature 35
℃；
3) it extracts: egg oil being extracted using Propane abstraction technique for cylindrical particle made from step (2),
In, extraction solid-liquid ratio is 1:9, and extracting pressure 0.5MPa, temperature is 45 DEG C, propane flow 1.26kg/h, and extraction time is
120min；
4) product is collected and is examined: after the completion of extraction, being utilized solvent propane recovery using the pressure difference of evaporating kettle, from steaming
It sends out kettle lower end and egg oil is discharged, collect by-product de-fatted egg yolk powder.
Calculate oil yield, detect DHA content in the egg oil being obtained by extraction, lecithin content and and cholesterol level, knot
Fruit is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4: a method of egg oil is prepared using Propane technology, comprising the following steps:
1) prepared by raw material: choosing the egg for being rich in DHA, cleans, broken shell, separate egg white and yolk, collect egg yolk liquid, with material
Liquor ratio 1:7 is diluted with water, 4 DEG C of natural subsidence 16h, removes supernatant, collects precipitating, and water is added to be supplemented to solid-liquid ratio 1:3, adjusts pH
To 7,3000U/g neutral proteinase is added, after hydrolyzing 3h at 55 DEG C, uses low temperature spray drying (inlet air temperature for 120 DEG C, out
Air temperature is 60 DEG C) obtain DHA yolk powder；
2) it pelletizes: the DHA yolk powder that step (2) obtains is made to the cylindrical yolk powder particles of 5mm, pelleting temperature 35
℃；
3) it extracts: egg oil being extracted using Propane abstraction technique for cylindrical particle made from step (2),
In, extraction solid-liquid ratio is 1:9, and extracting pressure 1.5MPa, temperature is 45 DEG C, propane flow 1.26kg/h, and extraction time is
90min；
4) product is collected and is examined: after the completion of extraction, being utilized solvent propane recovery using the pressure difference of evaporating kettle, from steaming
It sends out kettle lower end and egg oil is discharged, collect by-product de-fatted egg yolk powder.
Oil yield is calculated, detects DHA content in the egg oil being obtained by extraction, lecithin content and cholesterol level, as a result
It is shown in Table 1.
A kind of method that egg oil is prepared using Propane technology of embodiment 5, comprising the following steps:
1) prepared by raw material: choosing the egg for being rich in DHA, collects egg yolk liquid, be diluted with water with solid-liquid ratio 1:10, is centrifuged, goes
Except supernatant, precipitating is collected, water is added to be supplemented to solid-liquid ratio 1:3, adjusts pH to 6.5, is added 5000U/g neutral proteinase, 45 DEG C
After lower hydrolysis 4.5h, low temperature spray drying (for inlet air temperature for 110 DEG C, leaving air temp is 55 DEG C) is used to obtain DHA yolk powder；
2) it pelletizes: the DHA yolk powder that step (2) obtains is made to the cylindrical yolk powder particles of 8mm, pelleting temperature 40
℃；
3) it extracts: egg oil being extracted using Propane abstraction technique for cylindrical particle made from step (2),
In, extraction solid-liquid ratio is 1:10, and extracting pressure 1.5MPa, temperature is 30 DEG C, propane flow 1.26kg/h, and extraction time is
120min；
4) product is collected and is examined: after the completion of extraction, being utilized solvent propane recovery using the pressure difference of evaporating kettle, from steaming
It sends out kettle lower end and egg oil is discharged, collect by-product de-fatted egg yolk powder.
Oil yield is calculated, detects DHA content in the egg oil being obtained by extraction, lecithin content and cholesterol level, as a result
It is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 6: a method of egg oil is prepared using Propane technology, comprising the following steps:
DHA egg-yolk separation-dilution-natural subsidence/centrifugation-enzymatic hydrolysis-low temperature spray drying-DHA yolk
Powder-extraction-collection and inspection
Compared with Example 1, protease is papain, enzymatic hydrolysis condition are as follows: 7.0,55 DEG C of pH are lauched in step (1)
5h is solved, other steps are identical.
Comparative example 1: a kind of to use supercritical CO2The method that abstraction technique prepares egg oil, comprising the following steps:
1) prepared by raw material: choosing the egg for being rich in DHA, cleans, broken shell, separate egg white and yolk, collect egg yolk liquid, uses
Low temperature spray drying (inlet air temperature is 120 DEG C, and leaving air temp is 60 DEG C) obtains DHA yolk powder；
2) it extracts: egg oil being extracted using supercritical carbon dioxide extraction method, wherein extracting pressure 30MPa, temperature
It is 45 DEG C, CO2Regime flow is 10kg/h, extraction time 5h；
3) product is collected and is examined: after the completion of extraction, being utilized solvent propane recovery using the pressure difference of evaporating kettle, from steaming
It sends out kettle lower end and egg oil is discharged, collect by-product de-fatted egg yolk powder.
Oil yield is calculated, detects DHA content in the egg oil being obtained by extraction, lecithin content and cholesterol level, as a result
It is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2: a method of egg oil is prepared using the soxhlet extraction methods of organic solvent, comprising the following steps:
1) raw material prepare: choose be rich in DHA egg, collect egg yolk liquid, use low temperature spray drying (inlet air temperature for
120 DEG C, leaving air temp is 60 DEG C) obtain DHA yolk powder；
2) soxhlet type: setting Soxhlet extractor for DHA yolk powder, with 60 DEG C of heating water bath refluxing extractions of chloroform to egg
Bloom recycles chloroform, obtains salmon pink liquid at white；
3) product is collected and is examined: after the completion of extraction, being utilized solvent propane recovery using the pressure difference of evaporating kettle, from steaming
It sends out kettle lower end and egg oil is discharged, collect by-product de-fatted egg yolk powder.
Oil yield is calculated, detects DHA content in the egg oil being obtained by extraction, lecithin content and cholesterol level, as a result
It is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 3: a method of egg oil is prepared using Propane technology, comprising the following steps:
DHA egg-yolk separation-low temperature spray drying-DHA yolk powder-extraction-collection and inspection
1) prepared by raw material: choosing the egg for being rich in DHA, cleans, broken shell, separate egg white and yolk, collect egg yolk liquid, uses
Low temperature spray drying (inlet air temperature is 120 DEG C, and leaving air temp is 60 DEG C) obtains DHA yolk powder；
Remaining step and embodiment 1 are identical, and extraction obtains egg oil, calculate oil yield, detect the egg oil being obtained by extraction
Middle DHA content, lecithin content and cholesterol level, the results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 4: a method of egg oil is prepared using Propane technology, comprising the following steps:
DHA egg-yolk separation-enzymatic hydrolysis-low temperature spray drying-DHA yolk powder-extraction-collection and inspection
1) prepared by raw material: choosing the egg for being rich in DHA, cleans, broken shell, separate egg white and yolk, collects egg yolk liquid, add water
It is supplemented to solid-liquid ratio 1:5, adjusts pH to 7,3000U/g neutral proteinase is added, it is dry using cold nebulization after hydrolyzing 3h at 55 DEG C
Dry (inlet air temperature is 120 DEG C, and leaving air temp is 60 DEG C) obtains DHA yolk powder；
Remaining step and embodiment 1 are identical, and extraction obtains egg oil, calculate oil yield, detect the egg oil being obtained by extraction
Middle DHA content, lecithin content and cholesterol level, the results are shown in Table 1.
Compared with Example 1, without dilution, natural subsidence/centrifugal process in step (1), other steps are identical.
Comparative example 5: a method of egg oil is prepared using Propane technology, comprising the following steps:
DHA egg-yolk separation-dilution-natural subsidence/centrifugation-low temperature spray drying-DHA yolk powder-extraction
It takes-collects and examine
1) prepared by raw material: choosing the egg for being rich in DHA, cleans, broken shell, separate egg white and yolk, collect egg yolk liquid, with material
Liquor ratio 1:7 (w/w, similarly hereinafter) is diluted with water, 4 DEG C of natural subsidence 16h, removes supernatant, precipitating is collected, using low temperature spray drying
(inlet air temperature is 120 DEG C, and leaving air temp is 60 DEG C) obtains DHA yolk powder；
Remaining step and embodiment 1 are identical, and extraction obtains egg oil, calculate oil yield, detect the egg oil being obtained by extraction
Middle DHA content, lecithin content and cholesterol level, the results are shown in Table 1.
1 yolk oil component statistical form of table
Note: * shows that DHA is lecithin mating type DHA (lecithin content is 3%~20%), and * * 100% represents comparative example
2 fat contents are the references of embodiment 5 and comparative example 1 and 3-5.
Table 1 statistics indicate that, with supercritical CO2Abstraction technique compares with organic solvent abstraction technique, using subcritical third
Alkane abstraction technique prepares egg oil, and grease extraction efficiency is high, and lecithin and DHA content are also higher in egg oil.It is right before extraction
Egg yolk liquid is diluted, low temperature natural subsidence or centrifugation, enzymatic hydrolysis demulsification are very crucial steps, may make in low-temp low-pressure
Egg oil extraction yield significantly improves under extraction conditions.
Although the present invention has been described by way of example and in terms of the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention, any to be familiar with this skill
The people of art can do various change and modification, therefore protection model of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Enclosing subject to the definition of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for preparing egg oil using Propane abstraction technique, which is characterized in that the specific step of the method
It is rapid as follows:
1) prepared by raw material: choosing egg, collects yolk, be diluted with water with feed liquid mass ratio 1:5~1:10, then low temperature is naturally heavy
Drop or centrifugation, and remove supernatant, collect precipitating, add water to supplement feed liquid mass ratio to 1:2~1:5, adjust pH to 2.0~8.0,
1000~5000U/g protease is added, after 35~55 DEG C of 0.5~4.5h of hydrolysis, using lower than 140 DEG C low temperature spray dryings acquisitions
Yolk powder；
2) it pelletizes: the cylindrical particle that diameter is 5~8mm is made in the yolk powder that step (1) obtains；
3) it extracts: egg oil being extracted using Propane abstraction technique for cylindrical particle made from step (2), wherein
The solid-liquid ratio of yolk powder and extractant is 1:9~1:15, and extractant is propane, and extracting pressure is 0.5~1.5MPa, extraction
Temperature is 30~45 DEG C, propane flow >=1.26kg/h, and extraction time is 90~120min；
4) product is collected and is examined: after the completion of extraction, being recycled using the pressure difference of evaporating kettle to solvent propane, from steaming
It sends out kettle lower end and egg oil is discharged.
2. a kind of method for preparing egg oil using Propane abstraction technique according to claim 1, feature exist
In in step (1), the low temperature natural subsidence is 8~16h of natural subsidence at a temperature of 0~10 DEG C.
3. any a kind of method that egg oil is prepared using Propane abstraction technique according to claim 1~2,
It is characterized in that, in step (1), the centrifugation is to use revolving speed for the butterfly centrifugal machine of 5000~8000g.
4. any a kind of method for preparing egg oil using subcritical abstraction technology according to claim 1~3, feature
It is, in step (1), the protease includes in neutral proteinase, alkali protease, papain or acid protease
It is any.
5. a kind of method that egg oil is prepared using Propane abstraction technique according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
It is characterized in that, in step (1), the inlet air temperature of the low temperature spray drying is 110~140 DEG C, and leaving air temp is 55~65 DEG C.
6. any a kind of method that egg oil is prepared using Propane abstraction technique according to claim 1~5,
It is characterized in that, pelleting temperature described in step (2) is 35~45 DEG C.
7. any a kind of method for preparing egg oil using subcritical abstraction technology according to claim 1~6, feature
It is, in step (1), the protease is neutral proteinase.
8. a kind of any method for preparing egg oil using Propane abstraction technique of claim 1~7 is prepared into
The egg oil arrived.
9. including the health care product or food of egg oil according to any one of claims 8.
10. egg oil according to any one of claims 8 is in the application of field of food.
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