CN109970877A - A kind of preparation method of high amylose starches - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of high amylose starches Download PDFInfo
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- CN109970877A CN109970877A CN201910237562.0A CN201910237562A CN109970877A CN 109970877 A CN109970877 A CN 109970877A CN 201910237562 A CN201910237562 A CN 201910237562A CN 109970877 A CN109970877 A CN 109970877A
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- starch
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- beam irradiation
- amylose
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B30/00—Preparation of starch, degraded or non-chemically modified starch, amylose, or amylopectin
- C08B30/20—Amylose or amylopectin
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of high amylose starches, belong to starch conversion technical field.The present invention carries out electron beam irradiation processing to starch under vacuum conditions, obtains high amylose starches.The present invention makes starch molecule branch generate radiation chain rupture using high-power electron beam, and then improves the content of amylose in starch.In addition, preparation method provided by the invention is easy to operate, it is low in cost, it is easy to accomplish industrialized production.Embodiment shows that the mass content of amylose in the high amylose starches obtained using the method for the present invention 30% or more, compares untreated starch, the content of amylose is obviously improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to starch conversion technical field, in particular to a kind of preparation method of high amylose starches.
Background technique
Starch is one of living resources the most abundant in nature, and source is very extensive, can be by corn, sweet potato, wild
It extracts and obtains in the amyloid substance such as acorn nut and pueraria lobata.As a kind of important renewable substance, starch food, papermaking,
It is widely applied in the industry such as weaving, pharmacy, petroleum.
Starch can be divided into amylose and amylopectin by molecular structure point.It forms sediment in high amylose starches containing higher straight chain
Powder ratio has the characteristics that PhastGel, high-gel strength, high rigidity and high structural stability, in packaging material for food, low
The fields such as fat foods, food additives, medical treatment and pharmacy are all widely used.However, directly being extracted from amyloid crops
Starch be mostly amylopectin, and be mainly at present butanol method by the technique that amylopectin is converted into high amylose starches, process
Relatively complicated, this causes in the market, and high amylose starches price is costly.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of that present invention to provide a kind of preparation methods of high amylose starches.Gao Zhi provided by the invention
The preparation method of chain starch is easy to operate, low in cost, can effectively improve the content of amylose in starch.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of high amylose starches, comprising the following steps:
Electron beam irradiation processing is carried out to starch under vacuum conditions, obtains high amylose starches.
Preferably, the starch is cornstarch, wheaten starch, sorghum starch, sweet potato starch, wild acorn starch and Pueraria lobota
One or more of root starch.
Preferably, the electron beam irradiation processing is electron linear accelerator with accelerator.
Preferably, the energy of the electron linear accelerator is 10MeV.
Preferably, the irradiation dose of the electron beam irradiation processing is 2~40kGy.
Preferably, the mean current of the electron beam irradiation processing is 2.2~2.5mA.
Preferably, the irradiation power of the electron beam irradiation processing is 20~25kW.
Preferably, the irradiation time of the electron beam irradiation processing is 1~2h.
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of high amylose starches, the present invention carries out electronics to starch under vacuum conditions
Beam radiation treatment, obtains high amylose starches.The present invention makes starch molecule branch generate radiation chain rupture using high-power electron beam, in turn
Improve the content of amylose in starch.In addition, preparation method provided by the invention is easy to operate, it is low in cost, it is easy to accomplish
Industrialized production.Embodiment shows that the mass content of amylose in the high amylose starches obtained using the method for the present invention is existed
30% or more, untreated starch is compared, the content of amylose is obviously improved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be in 1 electron beam irradiation of embodiment treated starch amylose/amylopectin mass content with irradiation agent
Measure change curve.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of high amylose starches, comprising the following steps:
Electron beam irradiation processing is carried out to starch under vacuum conditions, obtains high amylose starches.
In the present invention, the starch is preferably cornstarch, wheaten starch, sorghum starch, sweet potato starch, wild acorn nut
One or more of starch and pueraria starch.The present invention does not have special requirement to the source of the starch, uses this field
The starch of conventional commercial.
In the present invention, the electron beam irradiation processing is preferably electron linear accelerator with accelerator, the accelerator
Energy be preferably 10MeV.
In the present invention, the irradiation dose of the electron beam irradiation processing is preferably 2~40kGy, more preferably 8~
20kGy, most preferably 15kGy；The mean current of the electron beam irradiation processing is preferably 2.2~2.5mA, and more preferably 2.3
~2.4mA；The irradiation power of the electron beam irradiation processing is preferably 20~25kW, more preferably 22~24kW；The electronics
The time of beam radiation treatment is preferably 1~2h, more preferably 1.5h.Since there are hydrogen originals around the carbon atom on starch molecular chain
Son, when carrying out electron beam irradiation processing, the high-power electron beam that accelerator generates makes starch molecule branch generate radiation chain rupture, into
And improve the content of amylose in starch.
It is described in detail below with reference to preparation method of the embodiment to high amylose starches provided by the invention, but not
They can be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Weigh commercially available cornstarch 220g, be classified as 11 parts, every part of 20g, successively stick 0,2,4,6,8,10,15,
20, the label of 40,60,80kGy, and electron beam spoke is carried out using 10MeV electron linear accelerator by dosage shown in label respectively
According to processing, wherein the mean current of electron beam irradiation processing is 2.23mA, and electron beam irradiation power is 23kW.
Amylose and amylopectin in starch are measured after the processing of above-mentioned electron beam irradiation using ultraviolet spectrophotometer method
Mass content, gained amylose/amylopectin mass content is as shown in Figure 1 with irradiation dose change curve.It can by Fig. 1
Know, when irradiation dose is 2~40kGy, the mass content of the amylose in starch compares irradiation dose up to 30% or more
Mass content for 0 sample, amylose is obviously improved；When irradiation dose is 15kGy, the straight chain in starch forms sediment
The mass content highest of powder, up to 42%.
When irradiation dose is 60,80kGy, the mass content of the amylose in starch does not rise not only, compares spoke
The sample amylose mass content for being 0 according to dosage is also declined, this is because excessive irradiation dose makes starch molecule
Fracture, which occurs, for main chain causes amylose content sharply to decline.
Therefore, when irradiation dose is 2~40kGy, electron beam irradiation processing can significantly improve amylose in starch
Content.
Embodiment 2
Commercially available wheaten starch 30g is taken, electron beam irradiation processing is carried out to it using 10MeV electron linear accelerator,
In, irradiation dose 15kGy, the mean current of electron beam irradiation processing is 2.2mA, and electron beam irradiation power is 20kW, is obtained
High amylose starches.
It is detected, is passed through using content of the detection method used in embodiment 1 to amylose in gained high amylose starches
It detects, the mass content of amylose is 40% in gained high amylose starches.
Embodiment 3
Commercially available wheaten starch 40g is taken, electron beam irradiation processing is carried out to it using 10MeV electron linear accelerator,
In, electron beam irradiation dosage is 20kGy, and the mean current of electron beam irradiation processing is 2.5mA, and irradiation power 25kW is obtained
High amylose starches.
It is detected, is passed through using content of the detection method used in embodiment 1 to amylose in gained high amylose starches
It detects, the mass content of amylose is 35% in gained high amylose starches.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of preparation method of high amylose starches, which comprises the following steps:
Electron beam irradiation processing is carried out to starch under vacuum conditions, obtains high amylose starches.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the starch is cornstarch, wheaten starch, sorghum
One or more of starch, sweet potato starch, wild acorn starch and pueraria starch.
3. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the electron beam irradiation processing is electronics with accelerator
Linear accelerator.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the energy of the electron linear accelerator is 10MeV.
5. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the irradiation dose of the electron beam irradiation processing is 2
~40kGy.
6. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mean current of electron beam irradiation processing is
2.2~2.5mA.
7. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the irradiation power of the electron beam irradiation processing is 20
~25kW.
8. preparation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the irradiation time of the electron beam irradiation processing is 1
~2h.
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| CN201910237562.0A CN109970877A (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2019-03-27 | A kind of preparation method of high amylose starches |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020010327A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2002-01-24 | Fumio Yoshii | Process for producing grosslinked starch derivatives and crosslinked starch derivatives produced by the same |
| CN102443196A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2012-05-09 | 河南工业大学 | Radiation modified starch biological degrading material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106498003A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-03-15 | 李郑松 | A kind of preparation method of high amylose starchess |
-
2019
- 2019-03-27 CN CN201910237562.0A patent/CN109970877A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20020010327A1 (en) * | 2000-05-24 | 2002-01-24 | Fumio Yoshii | Process for producing grosslinked starch derivatives and crosslinked starch derivatives produced by the same |
| CN102443196A (en) * | 2011-10-18 | 2012-05-09 | 河南工业大学 | Radiation modified starch biological degrading material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106498003A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-03-15 | 李郑松 | A kind of preparation method of high amylose starchess |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘玉魁: "《真空知识》", 31 August 1988, 原子能出版社 * |
| 王汝顺 等: "电子束辐射剂量大小对淀粉结构的影响", 《胶体与聚合物》 * |
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