CN109969342B - Grouting spiral anchor with expandable end and mounting method thereof - Google Patents
Grouting spiral anchor with expandable end and mounting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109969342B CN109969342B CN201910238675.2A CN201910238675A CN109969342B CN 109969342 B CN109969342 B CN 109969342B CN 201910238675 A CN201910238675 A CN 201910238675A CN 109969342 B CN109969342 B CN 109969342B
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- anchor
- blade
- grouting
- anchor body
- guide rod
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007374 caso agar Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 101000965313 Legionella pneumophila subsp. pneumophila (strain Philadelphia 1 / ATCC 33152 / DSM 7513) Aconitate hydratase A Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/24—Anchors
- B63B21/26—Anchors securing to bed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/24—Anchors
- B63B21/38—Anchors pivoting when in use
- B63B21/44—Anchors pivoting when in use with two or more flukes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/24—Anchors
- B63B21/26—Anchors securing to bed
- B63B2021/267—Anchors securing to bed by penetration of anchor into the sea bed using water jets, e.g. by ground or sand fluidisation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种端部可张开的注浆螺旋锚，其主要包括锚头、螺旋小叶片、锚身、铰接在锚身的叶片、螺旋大叶片、锚尾盖板等，所述的锚身为变截面，叶片与锚身下部变截面处铰连，铰连处安装扭簧，每块叶片上设置预留孔，叶片收紧时，导杆下端设置的卡扣通过预留孔将叶片约束，当锚体螺旋贯入至指定深度时，通过预拉导杆可使叶片脱离卡扣束缚，叶片在扭簧作用下张开，完全张开后通过注浆孔进行注浆。本发明水下连续螺旋贯入砂质海床，无需开挖，安装方便；通过张开螺旋锚端部的叶片，提高锚体的受力面积，进而提高锚体承载能力；叶片内置注浆支管，喷射注浆，可显著提高锚的承载能力。
The invention discloses a grouting screw anchor with an openable end, which mainly comprises an anchor head, a small screw blade, an anchor body, a blade hinged on the anchor body, a large screw blade, an anchor tail cover and the like. The anchor body is of variable section, the blade is hinged to the lower part of the anchor body at the variable section, a torsion spring is installed at the hinge, and a reserved hole is set on each blade. Blade constraint, when the anchor body spirally penetrates to the specified depth, the blade can be released from the buckle by the pre-tensioning guide rod, the blade is opened under the action of the torsion spring, and the grouting is carried out through the grouting hole after it is fully opened. The invention continuously spirally penetrates into the sandy seabed underwater, without excavation, and is easy to install; by opening the blades at the end of the spiral anchor, the stress area of the anchor body is increased, thereby improving the bearing capacity of the anchor body; the blade has a built-in grouting branch pipe , jet grouting, which can significantly improve the bearing capacity of the anchor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a screw anchor and a mounting method thereof, in particular to a grouting screw anchor with an expandable end and a mounting method thereof.
Background
In recent decades, the demand for oil and gas resources has increased sharply, so that the exploitation of oil and gas gradually goes from the land to the offshore and then to the deep sea, and large and ultra-large floating structures (floating platforms, ferries, floating trestles, floating wharves and the like) are gradually increased, thereby providing higher requirements for deep water mooring systems and developing corresponding novel deep water mooring basic types. In the last two decades, the Tension Leg Platform (TLP) has been proved to have good motion performance and is a platform form which is very suitable for oil and gas production in deep sea areas. The spiral anchor foundation can well meet the mooring requirement of a Tension Leg Platform (TLP), has the characteristics of simple and rapid installation, no need of excavation and continuous tunneling, and good mooring performance, and is a hot direction for future mooring foundation research.
The spiral anchor is installed simply and quickly, the spiral anchor is only required to be hoisted to a designated position through an installation ship, the anchor body is released, torque is applied through the installation hole, and the spiral anchor penetrates to the designated position through the spiral blade; however, when the screw anchor is in service, the bearing capacity is mainly exerted depending on the self weight of the anchor body and the frictional resistance of the soil body to the anchor body and the helical blade, the bearing capacity can only be exerted in a limited way, and in order to improve the bearing area of the anchor body and increase the bearing capacity, the grouting screw anchor with the expandable end part is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a grouting screw anchor with an expandable end and a mounting method thereof. This kind of anchor type has inherited the spiral anchor simple to operate swiftly, need not the advantage of excavation, and makes the spiral anchor tip open through comparatively simple structural design, has increased the lifting surface area of anchor body, and then has improved the bearing capacity of anchor body, utilizes the MICP technique, sprays the slip casting, makes open the part and coheres with the seabed soil, improves the bearing capacity of anchor body.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a grouting spiral anchor with an expandable end part comprises an anchor body, a spiral large blade, an anchor head, a spiral small blade, a guide rod and an anchor tail cover plate; the anchor body is of a variable cross section, a plurality of spiral large blades are uniformly distributed on the upper part of the anchor body, the cross section of the lower part of the anchor body is reduced, a plurality of blades are uniformly distributed around the lower part of the anchor body, the upper end of each blade is hinged with the variable cross section of the anchor body, all the blades are just tightly attached to the lower part of the anchor body when tightened, the overall diameter of the lower part of the anchor body is consistent with that of the upper part, a torsional spring is arranged on the hinge, and the torsional spring can control the maximum; grouting branch pipes are arranged in the blades; the anchor head is of a cone structure and is arranged at the lower end of the anchor body, and a small spiral blade is distributed on the anchor head; the anchor tail cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the anchor body, the guide rod is vertically arranged in the inner space of the anchor body, the upper end of the anchor tail cover plate penetrates out of the anchor tail cover plate, the penetrating end of the guide rod is provided with a blocking ring, the blocking ring is used for limiting the guide rod to move downwards, a grouting hole is formed in the blocking ring and is connected with a grouting pipe arranged in the guide rod, and the grouting pipe is communicated with a grouting branch pipe in the blade; each blade is provided with a reserved hole, the tail end of the guide rod is provided with a buckle, the anchor body is provided with a corresponding opening, and the buckle penetrates through the opening of the anchor body and restrains the blade on the anchor body through the reserved hole; the upper part of the guide rod is provided with a stop block for enabling the guide rod to continue to move upwards when the blades are unfolded to the maximum limit, the top end of the guide rod is provided with a mooring rope hole for connecting a mooring steel cable, and the anchor tail cover plate is provided with a lifting lug for connecting and installing the steel cable; the upper end of the anchor body is provided with a mounting hole for applying torque during mounting.
In the above technical scheme, further, the grouting branch pipes of the blades are vein-shaped.
Furthermore, the thickness of the blade is controlled to be one third of the radius of the upper part of the anchor body.
Further, the maximum angle of the torsion spring is controlled to be 70-80 degrees.
The installation method of the expandable-end grouting screw anchor is as follows:
during site operation, the spiral anchor is adjusted to an appointed installation position by utilizing an installation steel cable for an installation ship, the verticality of the anchor body is guaranteed, the anchor body is released, torque is applied to the installation hole to enable the spiral anchor to spirally penetrate into a seabed to an appointed depth under the action of a large helical blade and a small helical blade, a mooring steel cable is tensioned, a guide rod moves upwards along a central shaft, the constraint on the blade is relieved through a reserved hole by a buckle at the moment, the blade is opened under the elastic action of a torsional spring, after the maximum opening angle of the torsional spring is reached, jet grouting is carried out through a grouting hole, grout is cemented with seabed soil, and installation is completed at the moment.
The technology of MICP (microbial induced calcium precipitation) can be used for grouting, the grouting liquid is cultured by adopting a CASO AGAR + urea (20g/L) culture medium at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the pH value of 7.3 until OD600= 1.0 is obtained to prepare bacterial liquid, calcium acetate and urea solution which are 1mol/L are prepared and mixed according to the volume ratio of 1:1 to prepare nutrient salt, and 100 mL of prepared bacteria are preparedMixing the solution with 1L of nutrient salt to obtain bacterial agent, treating each 1L of bacterial agent for 25cm3And (4) a part to be processed.
The invention has the following advantages:
the stress area of the anchor body is increased by opening the blades at the end part of the spiral anchor, so that the bearing capacity of the anchor body is improved; torque is applied, underwater continuous spiral penetration is carried out by using the spiral blade, the penetration resistance is small, excavation is not needed, and the installation is convenient; the end blades are internally provided with grouting pipes for injecting grouting, so that a cemented umbrella cover can be formed, and the bearing capacity is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of an anchor body of the present invention prior to tensioning;
FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the anchor body of the present invention prior to tensioning;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the anchor body of the present invention prior to tensioning;
FIG. 4 is a bottom plan view of the anchor body of the present invention prior to tensioning;
FIG. 5 is a front cross-sectional view of the anchor body of the present invention after tensioning;
FIG. 6 is a bottom plan view of the anchor body of the present invention after tensioning;
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of blade grouting.
In the figure: 1. anchor body, 2, spiral big blade, 3, anchor head, 4, blade, 5, spiral little blade, 6, guide rod, 7, slip casting pipe, 8, torsional spring, 9, hinge, 10, preformed hole, 11, buckle, 12, stop block, 13, anchor tail cover plate, 14, slip casting hole, 15, mooring cable hole, 16, mooring steel cable, 17, lug, 18, mounting hole, 19, stop ring, 20, cementation zone, 21, slip casting branch pipe.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by a specific example, but the solution of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Referring to fig. 1-7, a grouting screw anchor with an expandable end is characterized in that the end is provided with four blades which can rotate around a pin in a hinged mode, a guide rod is tensioned when the grouting screw anchor is spirally penetrated to a specified penetration depth, so that the blades are separated from the restraint of a buckle and expand under the action of a torsion spring, the stress area of the grouting screw anchor and seabed soil is enlarged, grouting is performed, and the MICP technology is adopted for grouting, so that the bearing capacity of the anchor is improved. Specifically, the structure is as follows: a grouting spiral anchor head 3 is conical, a small spiral blade 5 is arranged at the anchor head for spiral penetration, four blades 4 are uniformly hinged at the variable cross section of an anchor body 1 through hinges 9, when the blades 4 are tightened, the cross section area of the anchor body 1 is ensured to be unchanged, a grouting branch pipe 21 is arranged in each blade 4, a reserved hole 10 is arranged at the upper end of each blade 4 and used for a buckle 11 to restrain the blade 4 through the reserved hole 10, a torsion spring 8 is arranged between each blade 4 and the anchor body 1, the maximum opening angle of the torsion spring 8 is set to be 70-80 degrees, the buckle 10 is arranged at the tail end of a guide rod 6, an anchor tail cover plate 13 extending out of the upper end of the guide rod 6 is provided with a blocking ring 19, the diameter of the blocking ring 19 is larger than the inner diameter of an anchor tail center hole and used for limiting the guide rod 6 to move downwards, a blocking block 12 is arranged at the upper part of the guide rod 6, the radius of the blocking, the buckle 11 moves upwards, the constraint on the blade 4 is relieved through the preformed hole 10, and after the constraint is relieved, the blade 4 is opened to the maximum opening angle of the torsion spring 8 under the action of the torsion spring 8. The blocking ring 19 is provided with a grouting hole 14, the grouting hole 14 is connected with a grouting pipe 7 arranged in the guide rod 6, the grouting pipe 7 is connected with a grouting branch pipe 21 in the blade 4, the uppermost end of the guide rod 6 is provided with a mooring hole 15 which is connected with a mooring steel cable 16, two lifting lugs 17 are welded at the symmetrical part of the outer side of the anchor tail and used for connecting and installing the steel cable, and the anchor tail is provided with an installation hole 18 which is used for applying torque during installation. The upper part of the anchor body 1 is uniformly provided with the large spiral blades 2 for spiral penetration during spiral anchor installation.
During on-site construction, a mounting steel cable and a mooring steel cable are connected in advance, an anchor body is adjusted to a specified mounting position through the mounting steel cable for a mounting ship, the verticality of the anchor body is guaranteed, the anchor body is released, torque is applied to the mounting hole to enable the anchor body to spirally penetrate into a seabed for a specified depth, the mooring steel cable 16 is stretched, a guide rod 6 moves upwards along a central shaft, a buckle 11 at the tail end of the guide rod 6 moves upwards along with the guide rod 6, when the buckle 11 moves to the upper portion of a preformed hole 10 in a blade 4, constraint on the blade 4 is completely removed, the blade 4 pops out under the action of a torsion spring 8 and stretches to the maximum angle of the torsion spring 8, jet grouting is performed through a grouting hole 14 in a blocking ring 19 at the moment, the grouting can adopt the MICP technology, the grout is injected to the blade 4, the blade 4 is cemented with seabed soil.
The installation process of the invention is as follows:
1. pre-connecting and installing a steel cable and a mooring steel cable;
2. hoisting the anchor body to a preset position by using an installation vessel;
3. the perpendicularity of the anchor body is guaranteed, the steel cable is installed in a loosening mode, and the anchor body is released;
4. applying torque at the mounting hole to enable the anchor body to spirally penetrate into the seabed by a specified depth;
5. stretching the mooring steel cable, pulling the guide rod, and releasing the constraint of the buckle on the blade to open the blade;
6. carrying out underwater jet grouting in the grouting holes, and cementing the slurry and the seabed soil by using an MICP technology;
and finishing the installation.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910238675.2A CN109969342B (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2019-03-27 | Grouting spiral anchor with expandable end and mounting method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910238675.2A CN109969342B (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2019-03-27 | Grouting spiral anchor with expandable end and mounting method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109969342A CN109969342A (en) | 2019-07-05 |
| CN109969342B true CN109969342B (en) | 2020-05-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910238675.2A Active CN109969342B (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2019-03-27 | Grouting spiral anchor with expandable end and mounting method thereof |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110588891A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-20 | 马嘉锋 | Novel ship anchor special for soft soil at river bottom |
| CN113863361B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-07-25 | 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Underwater spiral anchor foundation, construction equipment and anchoring method |
| CN115352575B (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2024-10-11 | 上海交通大学 | Power penetration anchor with impeller and flywheel |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1162589C (en) * | 2002-12-12 | 2004-08-18 | 上海交通大学 | Ship anchor type grouting open type earth anchor anchor head |
| NL1034886C2 (en) * | 2008-01-03 | 2009-07-06 | Cortech Protect B V | Ground engagement device i.e. anchor, for anchoring e.g. ship, has elongated body with engagement element at one end, where engagement element has rotary connection for connecting element e.g. cable |
| CN201212147Y (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2009-03-25 | 何世鸣 | Combination drill tool for long screwy jet grouting and stirring pile |
| CN105178325B (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2017-11-03 | 中国海洋大学 | The installation equipment and installation method of umbrella-type sea floor suction anchor foundation |
| CN206634159U (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2017-11-14 | 羲和太阳能电力有限公司 | A kind of floating on water surface photovoltaic plant fixing device |
| CN107933828B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-02-05 | 浙江大学 | A new type of torpedo anchor with openable anchor head and its installation method |
| CN107933830B (en) * | 2017-10-10 | 2019-02-22 | 浙江大学 | A new type of deep water anchor with openable multi-layer anchor plate and its installation method |
| CN107985516A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-05-04 | 重庆大学 | A kind of flank extension type dynamic driving anchor |
| CN108590219A (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2018-09-28 | 浙江大学 | A kind of ancient seawall restorative procedure based on MICP |
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