CN109967672A - A kind of forging method of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy - Google Patents
A kind of forging method of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109967672A CN109967672A CN201910256312.1A CN201910256312A CN109967672A CN 109967672 A CN109967672 A CN 109967672A CN 201910256312 A CN201910256312 A CN 201910256312A CN 109967672 A CN109967672 A CN 109967672A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/01—Alloys based on copper with aluminium as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of forging methods of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy, CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot is put into heating furnace, heating rate≤150 DEG C/h, 900~960 DEG C of initial forging temperature are warming up to be kept the temperature, soaking time is calculated by 0.8~1 minute/millimeter, after soaking time reaches requirement, copper ingot is hung out into heating furnace forging；In forging process, when CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot surface temperature>850 DEG C, 800~850 DEG C, 750~800 DEG C, the bilateral drafts of the anvil up and down of forging equipment is<10mm, 10~30mm,<10mm；Stop forging when surface temperature < 750 DEG C；It is required at this time as the size of copper alloy forging is not up to final size, repeats the above steps and carry out lower one heat forging, until reaching the requirement of final products size.Using the present invention, crackle is not likely to produce in forging process, Forging Plasticity is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of forging methods, and in particular to a kind of forging method of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy.
Background technique
Copper alloy intensity, toughness with higher, wearability and good conductive, heating conduction, especially in air
In it is corrosion-resistant.Therefore, it is widely used in the industry such as electric power, instrument, ship.Some desired strengths are high, heat-resisting, resistance to
Again anti-corrosion axis class, flange class and valve body and similar parts are pressed all to be manufactured with copper alloy forging.
At present for the forging of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy, initial forging temperature is 850 DEG C, and final forging temperature is 700 DEG C, heating
Soaking time is calculated by 0.7 minute/millimeter.It occur the problem that by such method
1, final forging temperature is lower, and forging temperature section is narrow, only 150 DEG C, causes every fire time malleable time short；
2, the medium temperature brittle zone of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy be 200~700 DEG C, 700 DEG C be just copper alloy medium temperature
Brittle zone, and the final forging temperature is 700 DEG C, therefore be easy to fall into the medium temperature brittleness section of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy, it is forging
Crackle is easy to produce during making.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is intended to provide one kind and is not likely to produce crackle in forging process, and Forging Plasticity is good, is able to satisfy
The forging method for the CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy that NB/T47013.5-2015 dye penetrant inspection requires.
The implementation of the object of the invention is a kind of forging method of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy,
The chemical component W% of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot are as follows: Sn≤0.20, Pb≤0.10, Zn≤0.5, Fe:3.57
~5.5, Ni:3.5~6.5, Al:8.0~11.0, Mn≤3.0, Si≤0.10, Cu: surplus；
The step of Cu+Fe+Ni+Al+Mn > 99.2, forging, is as follows:
1) hot and cold CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot is put into heating furnace, heating furnace is by heating rate≤150 DEG C/small
When, it is warming up to 900~960 DEG C of initial forging temperature and is kept the temperature, soaking time is calculated by 0.8~1min/mm；
The cold CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot refers to that copper alloy ingot surface temperature is lower than 500 DEG C of copper alloy ingot, dress
When furnace, furnace temp≤700 DEG C；
The hot CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot refers to that copper alloy ingot surface temperature is higher than 500 DEG C of copper alloy ingot, dress
When furnace, furnace temp is unlimited；
2) the CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot kept the temperature through step 1) is hung out out of heating furnace, is put into the upper of forging equipment
It is forged between lower anvil, in forging process,
When copper alloy surface temperature>850 DEG C CuAl10Fe5Ni5, the bilateral drafts<10mm of the anvil up and down of forging equipment；
When CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy surface temperature is 800~850 DEG C, the bilateral drafts of anvil up and down of forging equipment
10~30mm；
When 750~800 DEG C of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy surface temperature, the bilateral drafts of anvil up and down of forging equipment <
10mm；
When CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy surface temperature < 750 DEG C, then stop forging；
Step 1) and step 2) complete a forging times；
3) after the forging times forging of step 1) and step 2), copper alloy forging's block dimension is checked,
1. reach the requirement of copper alloy forging final size, then stops forging, obtain copper alloy forging products；
2. not up to copper alloy forging final size requires, then repeatedly step 1) and step 2), carry out next fire time forging
It makes；Until reaching copper alloy forging final size, stops forging, obtain copper alloy forging products.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1,900~960 DEG C of initial forging temperature, final forging temperature are improved to 750 DEG C, can be effectively prevented by 750 DEG C of final forging temperature
Because forging temperature falls into 200~700 DEG C of brittle zone, and cracked in forging process；
2, by identified reasonable heating temperature and soaking time, copper alloy ingot is made to obtain good plasticity, use of coming out of the stove
The anvil up and down of forging equipment (such as: hydraulic press, forging hammer etc.) is forged, and in surface temperature difference, is controlled different bilateral
Drafts prevents the generation of forge crack in favor of forging and molding；
3, soaking time is calculated by 0.8~1min/mm in heating furnace, is extended the heating and thermal insulation time, is made copper alloy ingot
After above-mentioned temperature is sufficiently kept the temperature, forgeability is good, and product shaping is made to work well.
Using forging method of the invention, product forgeability is good, and product quality meets NB/T47013.5-2015
Dye penetrant inspection requirement, product size have reached design requirement.
Specific embodiment
Hot and cold CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot is put into heating furnace by the present invention, and the cold CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper closes
Ingot refers to that copper alloy ingot surface temperature is lower than 500 DEG C of copper alloy ingot, when shove charge, furnace temp≤700 DEG C.
The hot CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot refers to that copper alloy ingot surface temperature is higher than 500 DEG C of copper alloy ingot, dress
When furnace, furnace temp is unlimited.
It after shove charge, is heated, heating rate≤150 DEG C/h, soaking time is calculated by 0.8~1min/mm；Heat preservation
After time reaches requirement, copper alloy ingot is hung out from heating furnace, is placed between the anvil up and down of forging equipment and is forged；Forging
In the process, when CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot surface temperature > 850 DEG C, 800~850 DEG C, 750~800 DEG C, forging equipment
The bilateral drafts of anvil up and down be < 10mm, 10~30mm, < 10mm；Then stop forging when surface temperature < 750 DEG C, completes the
One heat forging.After the completion of one heat forging, when copper alloy forging's block dimension, which is not up to final products size, to be required, then weight is needed
Copper alloy forging loading heating furnace is heated again, lower one heat forging is carried out, until reaching final ruler by multiple above-mentioned steps
After very little requirement, stops forging, obtain copper alloy forging products.
Heating furnace selected by the present invention is gas-fired furnace, also other heating furnaces can be taken to be heated.
Since copper alloy ingot can make the copper for having remaining in heating furnace when heated, and copper can be to the heating from now on
The steel forging of stove heating generates destruction, therefore when heating, a heating furnace need to be used alone and heated, and heating
CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot is placed on sheet metal and heats by sheet metal on furnace bottom pad.Sheet metal is taken out after forging, and
It spreads a little salt in furnace bottom to burn, to remove the copper remained in furnace, in favor of producing steel forging after this heating furnace.
When heating stove heating, turns gas volume and air output down, heated, adjusted by the way of " mild fire " as far as possible
Position of the CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot in furnace avoids direct flame contact CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot, and causes
Local burning.
Because of 900~960 DEG C of initial forging temperature of the present invention, preferably 950 ± 10 DEG C, final forging temperature >=750 DEG C, therefore
The secondary forging of coming out of the stove of the every fire of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy forging, is forged to the time between final forging temperature all very from initial forging temperature
It is short, it, need to be to the upper and lower of forging equipment before the forging of anvil up and down with forging equipment of coming out of the stove to reduce the heat loss in forging process
Anvil preheats in advance, so that forging preferably shapes.In forging process, frequent riffling blanks are needed, and turn around to forge repeatedly, made each
Temperature close when a part deforms, avoids continuously thumping in same direction.
Since the heating conduction of copper alloy is fine, CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot is wanted when cold burden shove charge is heated
Furnace temperature≤700 DEG C shove charge is asked, in hot material shove charge, charging temperature is unlimited.Since required formed product final thickness is relatively thin,
It to prevent cooling rate too fast, and falls into medium temperature brittle zone and cracks, the present invention improves final forging temperature when forging to 750
DEG C or more, to avoid the medium temperature brittle zone of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot, cracked to avoid in forging process.
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below.
The chemical component W% of 1 two CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingots of embodiment are as follows: Sn:0.01, Pb:0.03, Zn:
0.34、Fe:4.84、Ni:4.53、Al:11.0、Mn:3.0、Si:0.10、Cu:76.15。
Cu+Fe+Ni+Al+Mn=99.52 > 99.2.
The step of forging, is as follows:
1) CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot is put into heating furnace, charging temperature < 700 DEG C, puts stove heating, heating rate
It≤150 DEG C/h, is heated to 910 DEG C ± 10 DEG C of initial forging temperature and is kept the temperature, soaking time is calculated by 1min/mm, and heat preservation 9 is small
When；
2) the CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot after step 1) heat preservation is hung out out of heating furnace, is put into forging equipment
It is forged between upper and lower anvil；In forging process, in forging process, copper alloy forging surface temperature is measured with temperature measurer,
When copper alloy forging surface temperature>850 DEG C CuAl10Fe5Ni5, the bilateral drafts of anvil up and down of forging equipment<
10mm；
When CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy forging surface temperature is 800~850 DEG C, the bilateral pressure of anvil up and down of forging equipment
10~30mm of lower amount；
When 750~800 DEG C of surface temperature of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy forging, the bilateral pressure of anvil up and down of forging equipment
Amount < 10mm；
Stop forging when copper alloy forging surface temperature < 750 DEG C, completes one heat forging.
Check copper alloy forging's block dimension, the size of copper alloy forging is not up to the requirement of final products size, repeats step 1)
It with step 2), is repeated altogether twice, obtains copper alloy forging products.
The present embodiment forging times are three fire, and recorded every forging times are come out of the stove forging time about 17 minutes.
Embodiment 2, two pieces copper alloy ingot are to smelt with furnace, with embodiment 1, the difference is that, two copper alloy ingots are ingot
Hot material of the surface temperature at 500 DEG C.
The chemical component W% of two CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingots are as follows: Sn:0.06, Pb:0.10, Zn:0.50, Fe:
5.50、Ni:6.50、Al:8.00、Mn:1.3、Si:0.04、Cu:78.0。
Cu+Fe+Ni+Al+Mn=99.30 > 99.2.
The step of forging, is as follows:
1) CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot is put into heating furnace, furnace temp is unlimited, and soaking time presses 0.8min/
Mm is calculated, and keeps the temperature 7 hours；
Repeat step 1) and step 2) three times altogether, practical forging times are four fire, and recorded every forging times are come out of the stove forging
Time about 15 minutes.
3, two copper alloy ingots of embodiment are to smelt with furnace, with embodiment 1, the difference is that, two copper alloy ingots are table
Face temperature is greater than 500 DEG C of hot material.
The chemical component W% of two CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingots are as follows: Sn:0.14, Pb:0.06, Zn:0.01, Fe:
4.2、Ni:5.50、Al:9.05、Mn:0.1、Si:0.07、Cu:80.87。
Cu+Fe+Ni+Al+Mn=99.30 > 99.2.
The step of forging, is as follows:
1) CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot is put into heating furnace, is heated to 950 DEG C ± 10 DEG C of initial forging temperature and is protected
Temperature；
Repeat step 1) and step 2) once altogether, practical forging times are two fire, and recorded every forging times are come out of the stove forging
Time about 20 minutes.
Embodiment 4, two pieces copper alloy are to smelt with furnace, with embodiment 1, the difference is that, two copper alloy ingots are surface
Temperature is greater than 500 DEG C of hot material.
The chemical component W% of two CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingots are as follows: Sn:0.20, Pb:0.01, Zn:0.17, Fe:
3.57、Ni:3.5、Al:9.98、Mn:2.1、Si:0.01、Cu:80.46。
Cu+Fe+Ni+Al+Mn=99.61 > 99.2.
The step of forging, is as follows:
1) CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot is put into heating furnace, charging temperature is unlimited, is heated to 950 DEG C of initial forging temperature
± 10 DEG C are kept the temperature, and soaking time is calculated by 0.8min/mm, keep the temperature 7 hours, heating rate is same
Embodiment 1；
It repeats step 1) altogether and step 2) is secondary, practical forging times are three fire, and recorded every forging times are come out of the stove forging
Time about 17 minutes.
Copper alloy ingot size used in the various embodiments described above is all the same, final gained copper alloy forging products forming dimension also phase
Together.After different initial forging temperature and soaking time are forged, whole forging and moldings, product size has reached requirement,
And it is not cracked in forging process, resulting CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy forging all meets NB/T47013.5-2015
Color flaw detection requires.By the data tracking at the scene of forging process, since the difference and soaking time of initial forging temperature are long
Short difference, causing each every fire of embodiment actual production to be come out of the stove, forging time is different, and required forming forging times are different.Embodiment
In, it is best with copper alloy forging products Forging Plasticity in embodiment 3, most beneficial for forming, because fire time used in its production is minimum, often
Fiery secondary come out of the stove can forging time longest.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of forging method of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy, it is characterised in that: the chemistry of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot
Ingredient W% are as follows: Sn≤0.20, Pb≤0.10, Zn≤0.5, Fe:3.57~5.5, Ni:3.5~6.5, Al:8.0~11.0, Mn
≤ 3.0, Si≤0.10, Cu: surplus；The step of Cu+Fe+Ni+Al+Mn > 99.2, forging, is as follows:
1) hot and cold CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot is put into heating furnace, heating furnace heating rate≤150 DEG C/h, is heated up
It is kept the temperature to 900~960 DEG C of initial forging temperature, soaking time is calculated by 0.8~1min/mm；
The cold CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot refers to that copper alloy ingot surface temperature is lower than 500 DEG C of copper alloy ingot, when shove charge,
Furnace temp≤700 DEG C；
The hot CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot refers to that copper alloy ingot surface temperature is higher than 500 DEG C of copper alloy ingot, when shove charge,
Furnace temp is unlimited；
2) the CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot kept the temperature through step 1) is hung out out of heating furnace, is put into the anvil up and down of forging equipment
Between forged, in forging process,
When copper alloy surface temperature>850 DEG C CuAl10Fe5Ni5, the bilateral drafts<10mm of the anvil up and down of forging equipment；
When CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy surface temperature is 800~850 DEG C, the bilateral drafts of the anvil up and down of forging equipment 10~
30mm；
When 750~800 DEG C of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy surface temperature, the bilateral drafts < 10mm of the anvil up and down of forging equipment；
When CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy surface temperature < 750 DEG C, then stop forging；
Step 1) and step 2) complete a forging times；
3) after the forging times forging of step 1) and step 2), copper alloy forging's block dimension is checked,
1. reach the requirement of copper alloy forging final size, then stops forging, obtain copper alloy forging products；
2. not up to copper alloy forging final size requires, then repeatedly step 1) and step 2), carry out lower one heat forging；Directly
To copper alloy forging final size is reached, stops forging, obtain copper alloy forging products.
2. a kind of forging method of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1)
In-furnace temperature is heated to 950 DEG C ± 10 DEG C of initial forging temperature to keep the temperature.
3. a kind of forging method of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: heating furnace is adopted
Use gas burner.
4. a kind of forging method of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when heating,
A heating furnace is used alone to be heated, sheet metal on heating furnace heelpiece, CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy ingot is placed on Bao Gang
It is heated on plate.
5. a kind of forging method of CuAl10Fe5Ni5 copper alloy according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: come out of the stove and forging
Before being forged between the anvil up and down of manufacturing apparatus, the anvil up and down of forging equipment is preheated in advance, in forging process, need to often stir base
Material, and turn around to forge repeatedly.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110744265A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-02-04 | 永威置业集团有限公司 | Construction process for manually forging red copper door during hoisting |
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| CN110744265A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2020-02-04 | 永威置业集团有限公司 | Construction process for manually forging red copper door during hoisting |
| CN110744265B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-09-21 | 永威置业集团有限公司 | Construction process for manually forging red copper door during hoisting |
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