CN109967224B - Impurity-reducing mineral separation process for apatite vanadium titano-magnetite - Google Patents
Impurity-reducing mineral separation process for apatite vanadium titano-magnetite Download PDFInfo
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- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
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- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
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- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
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- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
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- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/001—Flotation agents
- B03D1/004—Organic compounds
- B03D1/008—Organic compounds containing oxygen
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- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/007—Modifying reagents for adjusting pH or conductivity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/02—Collectors
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- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
- B03D2201/04—Frothers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
- B03D2203/02—Ores
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation, and provides an apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity-reducing mineral separation process which comprises three sections of crushing procedures, a first section of closed circuit of a rod mill and a spiral classifier, a magnetic separation sub-process, desiliconization reverse flotation, dephosphorization reverse flotation, fine screening, an iron-vanadium mineral separation sub-process and a titanium mineral separation sub-process; the magnetic separation process comprises a first-stage low-intensity magnetic separation, a second-stage ball milling and cyclone closed circuit, a second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation and a fine magnetic separation. The invention reduces the phosphorus content in the minerals through dephosphorization reverse flotation and improves the quality of iron ore concentrate; vanadium and iron are recovered through an iron-vanadium ore dressing process, and titanium in minerals is recovered through a titanium ore dressing process. The process can obtain iron ore concentrate, vanadium ore concentrate and titanium ore concentrate with better quality from the apatite-vanadium-titanium magnet, fully utilizes natural mineral resources and improves the economic benefit of ore dressing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation, and particularly relates to an impurity-reducing mineral separation process for apatite vanadium titano-magnetite.
Background
Titanium has the advantages of both steel (high strength) and aluminum (light weight), pure titanium has good plasticity, the toughness of the titanium exceeds that of pure iron by 2 times, and the titanium has good heat resistance and corrosion resistance. Because of the advantages of titanium, the titanium is promoted to become prominent rare metal, titanium and alloy thereof, and is firstly used in the aspects of manufacturing airplanes, rockets, missiles, naval vessels and the like, and is later widely used in chemical and petroleum departments; therefore, the recovery of the titanium of the noble metal in the beneficiation not only increases the resource utilization rate, but also is beneficial to improving the economic benefit of the beneficiation plant.
In addition, vanadium is mainly produced in four countries of China, Russia, south Africa and New Zealand at present, the yield of the vanadium is far lower than the global demand of vanadium, and the market value of the vanadium is very considerable.
Many iron mines, in which the main species of iron ore is vanadium titano-magnetite, and some regions of vanadium titano-magnetite are also associated with a large amount of apatite, i.e. the ore is apatite-vanadium titano-magnetite, about two thirds of the iron of this ore exists in the form of ilmenite and titano-magnetite, the remainder is mainly in the form of pyroxene, and a small amount of iron is present in garnet, celadon, chlorite, and these regions of mine's magnetite also contains a certain amount of magnesium and magnesium, and the ore generally contains about 15% iron, has an iron geological grade of 68%, much lower than the theoretical iron grade of 72.4% magnetite, and is an ultra-lean magnetite. P2O5Mainly in the form of apatite, and a small amount of P in mica2O5The content of (A) is generally 2% -3% or more. TiO in ore2Mainly in the form of ilmenite, TiO2The content of (A) is between 3% and 8%. V2O5Mainly exists in titanomagnetite in the form of crystal intergrowth and vanadium iron spinel, and the chemical formula of the magnetite is FeV2O4The vanadium iron spinel is generally enriched with the enrichment of iron, V in the ore2O5The content of the vanadium is 0.3-0.8%, if the vanadium in the ore can be extracted and separated, the comprehensive resource utilization rate of the ore can be greatly increased, and the economic benefit is greatly improved. Therefore, in view of the low iron grade of the ore, it is difficult to obtain good economic benefit only by recovering iron ore, which is apparent from TiO2And efficient recovery of vanadium is more necessary.
In Europe and other developed countries, P in fine iron powder2O5The content of the iron powder has strict requirements, generally not more than 0.05 percent, and far more than P in the iron powder in China2O5The minimum content of (A) can be between 0.1 and 0.4 percent.
The iron grade of the crude ore can be seen to be lower, P2O5The content of the iron ore is high, the geological grade of the magnetite is low, the iron grade in the iron concentrate is difficult to improve, and P in the iron concentrate is difficult to improve in the international market2O5The content of (A) is very strict, which brings difficulty to the utilization of the ore resources. And because the ore has low iron grade, if only the iron ore is recycled, the better economic benefit is difficult to obtain, so the TiO seems to be2And efficient recovery of vanadium is more necessary.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for effectively improving the grade of iron in the iron concentrate and effectively reducing the P content in the iron concentrate2O5Content of and can effectively recover TiO2And an impurity-reducing beneficiation process for vanadium-titanium magnetite apatite.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity-reducing beneficiation process which comprises three sections of crushing procedures, a first section of closed circuit of a rod mill and a spiral classifier, a magnetic separation sub-process, desiliconization reverse flotation, dephosphorization reverse flotation, fine screening, an iron-vanadium beneficiation sub-process and a titanium beneficiation sub-process; wherein the magnetic separation process comprises a first-stage low-intensity magnetic separation, a second-stage ball milling and cyclone closed circuit, a second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation and a fine magnetic separation;
after the raw ore is subjected to three-stage crushing procedures, feeding a crushed product with the granularity of 0-8mm into a first-stage rod mill in a closed circuit of the first-stage rod mill and a spiral classifier, discharging ore from the first-stage rod mill and feeding the ore into the spiral classifier, returning settled sand of the spiral classifier to the first-stage rod mill, and feeding overflow of the spiral classifier with the granularity of 0-1.7mm into a magnetic separation sub-process;
the overflow of the spiral classifier is fed into a first stage of low intensity magnetic separation, the concentrate of the first stage of low intensity magnetic separation is fed into a cyclone in the closed circuit of a second stage of ball milling and the cyclone, the settled sand of the cyclone is fed into a second stage of ball milling, the product after the second stage of ball milling and ore grinding is fed into a second stage of low intensity magnetic separation, the concentrate of the second stage of low intensity magnetic separation is returned to the cyclone, and P of the cyclone is80Feeding overflow products of 44 microns into a fine magnetic separation device;
feeding the concentrate subjected to the fine magnetic separation into desiliconization reverse flotation, feeding the concentrate subjected to the desiliconization reverse flotation into dephosphorization reverse flotation, and feeding the concentrate subjected to the dephosphorization reverse flotation into a fine screen; returning the oversize product with the granularity of the fine screen exceeding 44 micrometers to the second-stage ball milling, feeding the undersize product with the granularity of the fine screen being 0-44 micrometers into an iron-vanadium ore dressing process, wherein the underflow of the iron-vanadium ore dressing process is iron ore concentrate, and the overflow of the iron-vanadium ore dressing process is precipitated to obtain vanadium ore concentrate;
feeding the tailings subjected to the first-stage low-intensity magnetic separation, the tailings subjected to the second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation and the tailings subjected to the fine magnetic separation into a titanium ore beneficiation sub process, wherein the concentrate of the titanium ore beneficiation sub process is titanium concentrate;
the tailings of desiliconization reverse flotation, the tailings of dephosphorization reverse flotation and the tailings of titanium ore dressing process jointly form process tailings discarding tailings.
Preferably, the desiliconization reverse flotation comprises desiliconization rough flotation, desiliconization fine flotation and third desiliconization sweep flotation; the concentrate of the fine magnetic separation is fed into desiliconization rough flotation, the underflow concentrate of the desiliconization rough flotation is fed into desiliconization fine flotation, the foam tailings of the desiliconization rough flotation are fed into first desiliconization scavenging flotation, the foam tailings of the first desiliconization scavenging flotation are fed into second desiliconization scavenging flotation, the foam tailings of the second desiliconization scavenging flotation are fed into third desiliconization scavenging flotation, the underflow concentrate of the third desiliconization scavenging flotation returns to the first desiliconization scavenging flotation, and the underflow concentrate of the first desiliconization scavenging flotation, the underflow concentrate of the second desiliconization scavenging flotation and the foam tailings of the desiliconization rough flotation return to desiliconization rough flotation; the concentrate of desiliconization and fine flotation is the concentrate of desiliconization and reverse flotation, and the tailings of desiliconization and reverse flotation for the third time are the tailings of desiliconization and reverse flotation.
Further, 108-132g of ethylenediamine collecting agent and 18-22g of methyl isobutyl carbinol foaming agent are added into each ton of ore in the desiliconizing rough flotation; adding 72-88g of ethylenediamine collecting agent and 13-16g of foaming agent methyl isobutyl carbinol into each ton of ore in the desiliconization and fine flotation; and 36-45g of ethylenediamine collecting agent and 9-11g of foaming agent methyl isobutyl carbinol are added into each ton of ore in the first desiliconization and scavenging flotation.
Preferably, the dephosphorization reverse flotation comprises dephosphorization rough flotation and secondary dephosphorization fine flotation; the concentrate of desiliconization reverse flotation is fed into dephosphorization rough flotation, the underflow concentrate of dephosphorization rough flotation is fed into first dephosphorization fine flotation, the underflow concentrate of first dephosphorization fine flotation is fed into second dephosphorization fine flotation, and the foam tailings of first dephosphorization fine flotation and the foam tailings of second dephosphorization fine flotation return to dephosphorization rough flotation; the underflow concentrate of the second dephosphorization fine flotation is the concentrate of dephosphorization reverse flotation; and the tailings obtained by dephosphorization rough flotation are the tailings obtained by dephosphorization reverse flotation.
Further, 135-165g of FS-2 and 90-110g of inhibitor water glass are added into each ton of ore in the dephosphorization rough flotation; adding 45-55g of FS-2 into each ton of ore in the first dephosphorization and fine flotation; FS-2 is a mixture of saponified fatty acid collecting agent and 2# oil foaming agent, and the mass mixing ratio of the two is 5: 1 to 10: 1.
Preferably, the iron-vanadium ore beneficiation sub-process comprises filtering and drying, shaft furnace roasting, wet ball milling, a thickener and a sedimentation tank; filtering and drying undersize product of the fine sieve, and mixing with Na with the mass concentration of 3%2CO3Mixing, Na2CO3The addition amount of (b) is 32-40kg per ton of ore, the ore is uniformly mixed and then fed into a shaft furnace for roasting, the temperature of the shaft furnace for roasting is 850-950 ℃, and the reaction formula of the shaft furnace for roasting is 4FeV2O4+4Na2CO3+5O2＝2Fe2O3+8NaVO3+4CO2The product after shaft furnace roasting is fed into wet ball mill, ore pulp after wet ball mill grinding is fed into a thickener for leaching, and the underflow of the thickener is the underflow of the iron-vanadium ore dressing process;
and (3) conveying the overflow of the thickener to a sedimentation tank, adding ammonia water into the sedimentation tank, and generating ammonium vanadate precipitate, namely the overflow precipitate of the iron-vanadium ore beneficiation sub-process.
Preferably, the titanium beneficiation sub-process comprises two stages of shaking tables and titanium flotation;
feeding the tailings subjected to the first-stage low-intensity magnetic separation, the tailings subjected to the second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation and the tailings subjected to the fine magnetic separation into a first-stage shaking table, feeding middlings subjected to reselection by the first-stage shaking table into a second-stage shaking table for reselection, and feeding concentrates subjected to reselection by the two-stage shaking table into titanium flotation;
the titanium flotation comprises titanium rough flotation, titanium scavenging flotation and four times of titanium fine flotation, and the titanium flotation is direct flotation; feeding the concentrate reselected by the two sections of tables into titanium rough flotation, feeding underflow tailings of the titanium rough flotation into titanium scavenging flotation, feeding foam concentrate of the titanium rough flotation into first titanium fine flotation, feeding the concentrate of the first titanium fine flotation into second titanium fine flotation, feeding the concentrate of the second titanium fine flotation into third titanium fine flotation, and feeding the concentrate of the third titanium fine flotation into fourth titanium fine flotation; the underflow tailings of the fourth titanium fine flotation return to the second titanium fine flotation, the underflow tailings of the third titanium fine flotation return to the first titanium fine flotation, and the underflow tailings of the first titanium fine flotation, the underflow tailings of the second titanium fine flotation and the froth concentrate of the titanium scavenging flotation return to the titanium rough flotation; the concentrate obtained by the fourth titanium fine flotation is the concentrate obtained by the titanium beneficiation son process, and the tailings obtained by the two-stage table concentrator and the tailings obtained by the titanium scavenging flotation form the tailings obtained by the titanium beneficiation son process.
Further, 2150-2650g of PH regulator sulfuric acid, 1350-1650g of collecting agent oxidized paraffin soap and 45-55g of foaming agent methoxy polypropylene glycol are added into each ton of ore in the titanium rough flotation; and 108-132g of sulfuric acid is added to each ton of ore in the first titanium fine flotation, 90-110g of sulfuric acid is added to each ton of ore in the second titanium fine flotation, 72-88g of sulfuric acid is added to each ton of ore in the third titanium fine flotation, and 55-66g of sulfuric acid is added to each ton of ore in the fourth titanium fine flotation.
Preferably, the magnetic field intensity of the first-stage low-intensity magnetic separation is 1800-2200GS, the magnetic field intensity of the second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation is 1450-1750GS, and the magnetic field intensity of the fine magnetic separation is 1100-1300 GS.
Preferably, the main components of useful minerals in the raw ore are ilmenite and titanomagnetite, and gangue minerals in the raw ore are mainly apatite, pyroxene and mica; fe grade 14.7%, P2O5Content of (2.3%) TiO2Is 4.5% and V2O5The raw ore with the content of 0.52 percent is processed by the impurity-reducing beneficiation process for apatite vanadium titano-magnetite to obtain the raw ore with the Fe grade of 63.6 percent and TiO2Content of (2.2%) V2O5Is 0.2%, P2O5Content of (3) 0.04%, Fe recovery rate 46.73%, TiO2The recovery rate is 3.66 percent and V2O5The recovery rate was 4.15% and P2O5The recovery rate of the iron ore concentrate is 0.19 percent, and V is obtained2O5Recovery of 29.6% vanadiumConcentrate and obtain TiO with Fe grade of 19.82%2Content of (B) 42.0%, V2O5Is 0.06% and P2O5Content of (D) is 0.1%, recovery rate of Fe is 11.49%, TiO2The recovery rate is 55 percent and V2O5The recovery rate was 0.98% and P2O5The recovery rate of the titanium concentrate is 0.37 percent.
The invention reduces the phosphorus content in the minerals through dephosphorization reverse flotation and improves the quality of iron ore concentrate; vanadium and iron are recovered through an iron-vanadium ore dressing process, and titanium in minerals is recovered through a titanium ore dressing process. The process can obtain iron ore concentrate, vanadium ore concentrate and titanium ore concentrate with better quality from the apatite-vanadium-titanium magnet, fully utilizes natural mineral resources, and the quality of the iron ore concentrate, the vanadium ore concentrate and the titanium ore concentrate obtained by the process meets the international market requirement, thereby greatly improving the economic benefit of ore dressing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an embodiment of an apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a desilication reverse flotation process of an embodiment of an apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a dephosphorization reverse flotation process of an embodiment of an apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an iron-vanadium beneficiation sub-process flow of an apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a titanium ore beneficiation sub-process flow of an apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process embodiment.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention for solving the technical problems, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited by the scope of the claims.
The process of the embodiment shown in fig. 1, which is an alternative impurity-reducing beneficiation process for apatite vanadium titano-magnetite, comprises three stages of crushing process S1001, closed circuit of a first stage rod mill S1002 and a spiral classifier S1003, a magnetic separation sub process S1100, desilication reverse flotation S1200, dephosphorization reverse flotation S1300, a fine screen S1004, iron-vanadium beneficiation sub process S1400 and titanium beneficiation sub process S1500; the magnetic separation sub-process S1100 comprises a first stage of low-intensity magnetic separation S1101, a second stage of ball milling S1104 and cyclone S1102 closed circuit, a second stage of low-intensity magnetic separation S1105 and a fine magnetic separation S1103;
the Fe grade of the raw ore is 14.7 percent and the P content is2O5Content of (2.3%) TiO2Is 4.5% and V2O5The content of the coarse mineral is 0.52 percent, the main components of useful minerals in the raw mineral are ilmenite and titanomagnetite, gangue minerals in the raw mineral are mainly apatite, pyroxene and mica, after the raw mineral is subjected to three-stage crushing working procedure S1001, a crushed product with the granularity of 0-8mm is fed into a first-stage rod mill S1002 in a closed circuit with a spiral classifier S1003, ore discharged from the first-stage rod mill S1002 is fed into the spiral classifier S1003, settled sand of the spiral classifier S1003 returns to the first-stage rod mill S1002, and overflow of the spiral classifier S1003 with the granularity of 0-1.7mm enters a magnetic separation process S1100;
overflowing the spiral classifier S1003 into a first stage of low-intensity magnetic separation S1101, wherein the magnetic field intensity of the first stage of low-intensity magnetic separation S1101 is 2000GS, the concentrate yield of the first stage of low-intensity magnetic separation S1101 is 44.8%, the Fe grade is 25.1%, and TiO is2Content of (1.8%) V2O5Is 0.73%, P2O5Content of (1.9%), Fe recovery rate of 76.5%, TiO2The recovery rate is 12.41 percent and V2O5The recovery was 62.5% and P2O5The recovery rate is 37.01%; feeding the concentrate of the first-stage low-intensity magnetic separation S1101 into a cyclone S1102 in a closed circuit of a second-stage ball milling S1104 and the cyclone S1102, feeding settled sand of the cyclone S1102 into the second-stage ball milling S1104, feeding the product after ore grinding of the second-stage ball milling S1104 into a second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation S1105, wherein the magnetic field strength of the second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation S1105 is 1600GS, the yield of the concentrate of the second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation S1105 is 18.1%, the Fe grade is 53.9%, TiO is 53.9%2Content of (1.97%) V2O5Is 1.54%, P2O5Content of (3) is 0.53%, recovery rate of Fe is 66.37%, TiO2The recovery rate is 5.49 percent and V2O5The recovery rate was 53.5% and P2O5The recovery rate is 4.17 percent, the concentrate obtained by the second stage of low intensity magnetic separation S1105 returns to the cyclone S1102, and P of the cyclone S110280Feeding overflow products of 44 microns into the fine magnetic separation S1103, wherein the magnetic field intensity of the fine magnetic separation S1103 is 1200GS, the yield of the concentrate of the fine magnetic separation S1103 is 14.2%, the Fe grade is 62.1%, and TiO is2Content of (2.1%) V2O5Is 1.81% of P2O5Content of (D) is 0.15%, Fe recovery rate is 59.99%, TiO2The recovery rate is 4.59 percent and V2O5The recovery rate was 49.5% and P2O5The recovery rate is 0.93%;
feeding the concentrate obtained in the fine magnetic separation step S1103 into a desiliconization reverse flotation step S1200, feeding the concentrate obtained in the desiliconization reverse flotation step S1200 into a dephosphorization reverse flotation step S1300, and feeding the concentrate obtained in the dephosphorization reverse flotation step S1300 into a fine screen step S1004; the oversize product with the grain size of more than 44 microns and the yield of the fine sieve S1004 of 0.4 percent returns to the second stage of ball milling, the yield of the undersize product of the fine sieve S1004 is 10.9 percent, the Fe grade is 63.6 percent, and TiO2Content of (2.2%) V2O5Content of (2.02%)2O5Content of (3) 0.04%, Fe recovery rate 47.16%, TiO2The recovery rate is 3.69 percent and V2O5The recovery was 42.34% and P2O5The recovery rate is 0.19%, the undersize product with the granularity of 0-44 microns of the fine screen S1004 is fed into the iron-vanadium ore concentration process S1400, the underflow of the iron-vanadium ore concentration process S1400 is iron ore concentrate, the yield of the iron ore concentrate is 10.8%, the Fe grade is 63.6%, and TiO is used as the iron ore concentrate2Content of (2.2%) V2O5Is 0.2%, P2O5Content of (3) 0.04%, Fe recovery rate 46.73%, TiO2The recovery rate is 3.66 percent and V2O5The recovery rate was 4.15% and P2O5The recovery rate is 0.19%; and (3) performing overflow precipitation on the iron-vanadium ore concentration sub-process S1400 to obtain vanadium concentrate, wherein the index of the vanadium concentrate is 0.018t of ammonium vanadate per ton of raw ore according to V2O5V of the meter2O5The recovery rate of (A) was 29.6%;
the comprehensive yield of the tailings of the first-stage low-intensity magnetic separation S1101, the tailings of the second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation S1105 and the tailings of the fine magnetic separation S1103 is 85.8 percent, and the Fe grade6.86% of TiO2Content of (3) is 7.23%, V2O5Is 0.31%, P2O5Content of (2.66%), Fe recovery rate of 40.01%, TiO2The recovery rate is 95.41 percent and V2O5The recovery rate was 50.5% and P2O5The recovery rate is 99.07%, tailings of the first-stage low-intensity magnetic separation S1101, tailings of the second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation S1105 and tailings of the fine magnetic separation S1103 are fed into a titanium ore dressing sub-process S1500, the concentrate of the titanium ore dressing sub-process S1500 is titanium concentrate, the yield of the titanium concentrate is 8.51%, the Fe grade is 19.82%, and TiO is2Content of (B) 42.0%, V2O5Is 0.06% and P2O5Content of (D) is 0.1%, recovery rate of Fe is 11.49%, TiO2The recovery rate is 55 percent, V2O5The recovery rate was 0.98% and P2O5The recovery rate is 0.37%;
the tailings of the desiliconization reverse flotation S1200, the tailings of the dephosphorization reverse flotation S1300 and the tailings of the titanium beneficiation son process S1500 form process tailings, the yield of the process tailings is 80.59%, the Fe grade is 7.54%, and TiO is used for improving the quality of the product2Content of (3.33%) V2O5Is 0.37% of (B), P2O5Has a content of 2.84%, a Fe recovery rate of 41.35%, and TiO2The recovery rate is 41.31 percent and V2O5The recovery rate was 56.68% and P2O5The recovery rate is 99.44%, and the process tailings are discarded.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the second-stage weak magnetic separation method is added in the closed circuit of the second-stage ball milling and the cyclone to remove the tailings with the yield of 26.7% (the yield of the first-stage weak magnetic separation concentrate minus the yield of the second-stage weak magnetic separation), so that the ore quantity and the energy consumption of the second-stage ball milling are greatly reduced, and the ore dressing cost is greatly reduced. And returning the oversize product of the fine sieve to the second stage of ball milling, and further returning the coarse-grained minerals to the ball milling for regrinding so as to further dissociate the coarse-grained minerals, thereby being beneficial to further improving the quality of the concentrate. The phosphorus content in the minerals is reduced through dephosphorization reverse flotation, and the quality of iron ore concentrate is improved; the yield of 10.8 percent, the Fe grade of 63.6 percent and TiO are obtained2Content of (2.2%) V2O5Of (1) containsAmount of 0.2%, P2O5Content of (3) 0.04%, Fe recovery rate 46.73%, TiO2The recovery rate is 3.66 percent and V2O5The recovery rate was 4.15% and P2O5The recovery rate of the iron ore concentrate is 0.19 percent. Wherein the iron grade reaches 63.6%, which results in a very high concentrate iron grade for raw ores with a theoretical iron grade of only 68%. Vanadium and iron are recovered through an iron-vanadium ore dressing process, and titanium in minerals is recovered through a titanium ore dressing process.
The desilication reverse flotation process of the alternative embodiment of the apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process shown in fig. 2 comprises desilication rough flotation S1201, desilication fine flotation S1202 and three times of desilication sweeping flotation in the desilication reverse flotation S1200; the concentrate of the fine magnetic separation S1103 is fed into desiliconization rough flotation S1201, 120g/t of feeding ethylenediamine collecting agent and 20g/t of feeding foaming agent methyl isobutyl carbinol are added into the desiliconization rough flotation S1201, the underflow concentrate of the desiliconization rough flotation S1201 is fed into desiliconization fine flotation S1202, 80g/t of feeding ethylenediamine collecting agent and 15g/t of feeding foaming agent methyl isobutyl carbinol are added into the desiliconization fine flotation S1202, the concentrate yield of the desiliconization fine flotation S1202 is 12.5 percent, the Fe grade is 62.25 percent, TiO is added2Content of (2.18%) V2O5Is 1.93%, P2O5Content of (D) is 0.11%, recovery rate of Fe is 52.93%, TiO2The recovery rate is 4.19 percent and V2O5The recovery was 46.5% and P2O5The recovery rate is 0.60 percent; feeding the foam tailings of the desiliconization rough flotation S1201 into a first desiliconization scavenging flotation S1203, adding 40g/t of an ethylenediamine collector and 10g/t of a foaming agent methyl isobutyl carbinol into the first desiliconization scavenging flotation S1203, feeding the foam tailings of the first desiliconization scavenging flotation S1203 into a second desiliconization scavenging flotation S1204, feeding the foam tailings of the second desiliconization scavenging flotation S1204 into a third desiliconization scavenging flotation S1205, returning the underflow concentrate of the third desiliconization scavenging flotation S1205 into the first desiliconization scavenging flotation S1203, and returning the underflow concentrate of the first desiliconization scavenging flotation S1203, the underflow concentrate of the second desiliconization scavenging flotation S1204 and the foam tailings of the desiliconization fine flotation S1202 into the desiliconization rough flotation S1201; the concentrate of the desiliconization and fine flotation S1202 is the concentrate of the desiliconization and reverse flotation S1200,feeding dephosphorizing reverse flotation S1300; and the tailings obtained in the third desiliconization and reverse flotation S1205 are the tailings obtained in the desiliconization and reverse flotation S1200, and are returned to the process tailings for discarding the tailings.
In the desilication reverse flotation of the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the concentrate of the third desilication scavenging flotation is returned to the first desilication scavenging flotation, and the concentrate of the second desilication scavenging flotation is returned to the desilication rough flotation, and in a crossing type return mode, the returned materials increase the time of the first scavenging flotation, and the scavenging flotation effect is further optimized.
The dephosphorization reverse flotation process of the alternative embodiment of the impurity-reducing beneficiation process for apatite vanadium titano-magnetite shown in fig. 3, wherein the dephosphorization reverse flotation S1300 comprises dephosphorization rough flotation S1301 and two times of dephosphorization fine flotation; the concentrate of the desiliconization reverse flotation S1200 is fed into dephosphorization rough flotation S1301, the dephosphorization rough flotation S1301 is fed with 150g/t feeding FS-2 and 100g/t feeding inhibitor water glass, the FS-2 is a mixture of a saponified fatty acid collecting agent and a 2# oil foaming agent, and the mass mixing ratio of the two is 5: 1 to 10: 1, feeding the underflow concentrate of the dephosphorization rough flotation S1301 into a first dephosphorization fine flotation S1302, feeding FS-2 of 50g/t ore into the first dephosphorization fine flotation S1302, feeding the underflow concentrate of the first dephosphorization fine flotation S1302 into a second dephosphorization fine flotation S1303, wherein the concentrate yield of the second dephosphorization fine flotation S1303 is 11.3%, the Fe grade is 63.4%, and TiO is in a concentration range of 63.4%2Content of (2.2%) V2O5Content of (2.02%)2O5Content of (3) 0.04%, Fe recovery rate 48.74%, TiO2The recovery rate is 3.82 percent and V2O5The recovery rate was 43.9% and P2O5The recovery rate is 0.2%; returning the foam tailings of the first dephosphorization fine flotation S1302 and the foam tailings of the second dephosphorization fine flotation S1303 to the dephosphorization rough flotation S1301; the underflow concentrate of the second dephosphorization flotation S1303 is the concentrate of the dephosphorization reverse flotation S1300, the fine screen S1004 is fed, the oversize product with the granularity of the fine screen S1004 exceeding 44 microns returns to the second section ball milling S1104, and the undersize product of the fine screen S1004 is fed into the iron-vanadium ore dressing process S1400; and the tailings of the dephosphorization rough flotation S1301 are the tailings of the dephosphorization reverse flotation S1300, and are returned to the tailing discarding process.
In the dephosphorization reverse flotation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, generalThe P is obtained by matching the FS-2 collecting agent and the water glass inhibitor and combining the dephosphorization rough flotation and the two-time dephosphorization fine flotation2O5Iron ore concentrate P with a content of 0.04%2O5The content of (B) is lower than that of P in the international market2O5The content of (b) is less than 0.05%.
As shown in fig. 4, the iron-vanadium beneficiation sub-process flow of the optional embodiment of the apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process is that the iron-vanadium beneficiation sub-process S1400 includes filtering and drying S1401, shaft furnace roasting S1402, wet ball milling S1403, thickener S1404, and sedimentation tank S1405; filtering and drying the undersize product of the fine screen S1004S 1401, and mixing with Na with the mass concentration of 3%2CO3Mixing, Na2CO3The additive amount of (A) is 36kg/t, the mixture is evenly mixed and fed into shaft roasting S1402, the temperature of the shaft roasting S1402 is 900 ℃, and the reaction formula of the shaft roasting S1402 is 4FeV2O4+4Na2CO3+5O2＝2Fe2O3+8NaVO3+4CO2The product after shaft roasting S1402 contains NaVO32.7%, feeding the product into a wet ball mill S1403 after the shaft furnace roasting S1402, feeding ore pulp into a thickener S1404 for leaching after the wet ball mill S1403 grinds the ore, wherein the underflow of the thickener S1404 is the underflow of the iron-vanadium ore dressing sub-process S1400, and obtaining iron ore concentrate;
and (3) the overflow of the thickener S1404 is conveyed to a sedimentation tank S1405, ammonia water is added into the sedimentation tank S1405 to generate ammonium vanadate precipitate, namely the overflow precipitate of the iron-vanadium ore concentration sub-process S1400, and vanadium concentrate is obtained.
In the iron-vanadium beneficiation sub-process of the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the concentrate from dephosphorization reverse flotation is fed into the undersize product of the fine sieve to be roasted, leached and precipitated, vanadium-iron spinel is oxidized into soluble sodium vanadate by roasting, the sodium vanadate is transferred into the aqueous solution by leaching, and ammonium vanadate precipitate is obtained by amination precipitation reaction. The index is that 0.018t of ammonium vanadate can be produced according to per ton of raw ore according to V2O5V of the meter2O5The recovery of (D) was 29.6%. The extra ammonium vanadate product obtained in the part can greatly increase the resources of the whole projectUtilization rate and economic benefit. Sodium carbonate roasting is adopted in roasting operation, and the traditional sodium sulfate roasting is not adopted, so that the pollution of sulfur elements in the sodium sulfate to the iron ore concentrate is effectively avoided.
A titanium beneficiation sub-process flow of an alternative embodiment of an apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process as shown in fig. 5, the titanium beneficiation sub-process S1500 comprises two stages of tables and titanium flotation;
feeding tailings of the first-stage low-intensity magnetic separation S1101, tailings of the second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation S1105 and tailings of the fine magnetic separation S1103 into a first-stage shaking table S1501, feeding middlings reselected by the first-stage shaking table S1501 into a second-stage shaking table S1502 for reselection, wherein the comprehensive yield of concentrate reselected by the two-stage shaking tables is 10.29%, the Fe grade is 20.56%, and TiO is TiO2Content of (2%) is 20.2%, V2O5Is 0.07% of (B), P2O5Content of (3) is 0.15%, recovery rate of Fe is 14.4%, TiO2The recovery rate is 90.4 percent and V2O5The recovery rate was 1.39% and P2O5The recovery rate is 0.67%, and the concentrate reselected by the two stages of shaking tables enters titanium flotation;
the titanium flotation comprises titanium rough flotation S1503, titanium scavenging flotation S1504 and four times of titanium fine flotation, and the titanium flotation is direct flotation; feeding the concentrate reselected by the two stages of table concentrator into titanium rough flotation S1503, adding 2400g/t of pH regulator sulfuric acid into the titanium rough flotation S1503 for ore feeding, 1500g/t of a collecting agent oxidized paraffin soap and 50g/t of a foaming agent methoxypolypropylene glycol, titanium scavenging S1504 of underflow tailings of titanium rough flotation S1503, first titanium fine flotation S1505 of foam concentrates of the titanium rough flotation S1503, 120g/t of sulfuric acid added to the first titanium fine flotation S1505, second titanium fine flotation S1506 of concentrates of the first titanium fine flotation S1505, 100g/t of sulfuric acid added to the second titanium fine flotation S1506, third titanium fine flotation S1507 of concentrates of the second titanium fine flotation S1506, 80g/t of sulfuric acid added to the third titanium fine flotation S1507 of concentrates of the third titanium fine flotation S1507, and 60g/t of sulfuric acid added to the fourth titanium fine flotation S1508 of the fourth titanium fine flotation S1508; the underflow tailings of the fourth titanium fine flotation S1508 return to the second titanium fine flotation S1506, the underflow tailings of the third titanium fine flotation S1507 return to the first titanium fine flotation S1505, the underflow tailings of the second titanium fine flotation S1506 and the froth concentrate of the titanium scavenging flotation S1504 return to the titanium rough flotation S1503; the concentrate of the fourth titanium fine flotation S1508 is the concentrate of the titanium ore beneficiation sub-process S1500, and titanium concentrate is obtained; the tailings of the two sections of tables and the tailings of the titanium scavenging flotation S1504 form the tailings of the titanium beneficiation son process S1500, and the tailings are returned to the process and discarded.
In the titanium beneficiation sub-process of the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the table concentrator is adopted for gravity separation before titanium flotation, the characteristic that the table concentrator has good selectivity on the metal mineral ilmenite with large specific gravity of fine particles is fully utilized, most of gangue such as apatite is further thrown away, the treatment capacity of subsequent operation is greatly reduced, dephosphorization quality improvement is realized, and TiO is subjected to dephosphorization quality improvement2The content of the organic silicon fertilizer is improved from 7.23 percent to 20.20 percent, and the quality improvement effect is obvious. The titanium concentrate tailings of the titanium flotation adopt a cross-over return mode, namely the tailings of each stage of the titanium concentrate flotation return to the upper-level concentrate flotation, the ore pulp returned by each stage of the mode increases the time of the first-level concentrate flotation, and the TiO of the titanium concentrate is powerfully ensured2The yield is 8.51 percent, the Fe grade is 19.82 percent, and TiO is obtained2Content of (B) 42.0%, V2O5Is 0.06% and P2O5Content of (D) is 0.1%, recovery rate of Fe is 11.49%, TiO2The recovery rate is 55 percent and V2O5The recovery rate was 0.98% and P2O5The recovery rate of the titanium concentrate is 0.37%, and the index is better.
The above-mentioned 'feeding per ton' means the weight of the ore fed to the process, and is the same as the 'feeding per ton'.
The present invention is capable of other embodiments, and various changes and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The impurity-reducing mineral separation process for apatite vanadium titano-magnetite comprises three stages of crushing procedures, and is characterized in that: the method also comprises a first section of rod mill and spiral classifier closed circuit, a magnetic separation sub process, desiliconization reverse flotation, dephosphorization reverse flotation, fine screening, an iron-vanadium ore separation sub process and a titanium ore separation sub process; wherein the magnetic separation process comprises a first-stage low-intensity magnetic separation, a second-stage ball milling and cyclone closed circuit, a second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation and a fine magnetic separation;
after the raw ore is subjected to three-stage crushing procedures, feeding a crushed product with the granularity of 0-8mm into a first-stage rod mill in a closed circuit of the first-stage rod mill and a spiral classifier, discharging ore from the first-stage rod mill and feeding the ore into the spiral classifier, returning settled sand of the spiral classifier to the first-stage rod mill, and feeding overflow of the spiral classifier with the granularity of 0-1.7mm into a magnetic separation sub-process;
the overflow of the spiral classifier is fed into a first stage of low intensity magnetic separation, the concentrate of the first stage of low intensity magnetic separation is fed into a cyclone in the closed circuit of a second stage of ball milling and the cyclone, the settled sand of the cyclone is fed into a second stage of ball milling, the product after the second stage of ball milling and ore grinding is fed into a second stage of low intensity magnetic separation, the concentrate of the second stage of low intensity magnetic separation is returned to the cyclone, and P of the cyclone is80Feeding overflow products of 44 microns into a fine magnetic separation device;
feeding the concentrate subjected to the fine magnetic separation into desiliconization reverse flotation, feeding the concentrate subjected to the desiliconization reverse flotation into dephosphorization reverse flotation, and feeding the concentrate subjected to the dephosphorization reverse flotation into a fine screen; returning the oversize product with the granularity of the fine screen exceeding 44 micrometers to the second-stage ball milling, feeding the undersize product with the granularity of the fine screen being 0-44 micrometers into an iron-vanadium ore dressing process, wherein the underflow of the iron-vanadium ore dressing process is iron ore concentrate, and the overflow of the iron-vanadium ore dressing process is precipitated to obtain vanadium ore concentrate; the iron-vanadium ore beneficiation sub-process comprises filtering and drying, shaft furnace roasting, wet ball milling, a thickener and a sedimentation tank; filtering and drying undersize product of the fine sieve, and mixing with Na with the mass concentration of 3%2CO3Mixing, Na2CO3The addition amount of (b) is 32-40kg per ton of ore, the ore is uniformly mixed and then fed into a shaft furnace for roasting, the temperature of the shaft furnace for roasting is 850-950 ℃, and the reaction formula of the shaft furnace for roasting is 4FeV2O4+4Na2CO3+5O2＝2Fe2O3+8NaVO3+4CO2The product after shaft furnace roasting is fed into wet ball mill, ore pulp after wet ball mill grinding is fed into a thickener for leaching, and the underflow of the thickener is the underflow of the iron-vanadium ore dressing process; thickenerThe overflow of the iron-vanadium ore dressing sub-process is conveyed to a sedimentation tank, ammonia water is added into the sedimentation tank, and ammonium vanadate precipitate is generated, namely the overflow precipitate of the iron-vanadium ore dressing sub-process;
feeding the tailings subjected to the first-stage low-intensity magnetic separation, the tailings subjected to the second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation and the tailings subjected to the fine magnetic separation into a titanium ore beneficiation sub process, wherein the concentrate of the titanium ore beneficiation sub process is titanium concentrate; the titanium ore dressing sub-process comprises two sections of shaking tables and titanium flotation; feeding the tailings subjected to the first-stage low-intensity magnetic separation, the tailings subjected to the second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation and the tailings subjected to the fine magnetic separation into a first-stage shaking table, feeding middlings subjected to reselection by the first-stage shaking table into a second-stage shaking table for reselection, and feeding concentrates subjected to reselection by the two-stage shaking table into titanium flotation; the titanium flotation comprises titanium rough flotation, titanium scavenging flotation and four times of titanium fine flotation, and the titanium flotation is direct flotation; feeding the concentrate reselected by the two sections of tables into titanium rough flotation, feeding underflow tailings of the titanium rough flotation into titanium scavenging flotation, feeding foam concentrate of the titanium rough flotation into first titanium fine flotation, feeding the concentrate of the first titanium fine flotation into second titanium fine flotation, feeding the concentrate of the second titanium fine flotation into third titanium fine flotation, and feeding the concentrate of the third titanium fine flotation into fourth titanium fine flotation; the underflow tailings of the fourth titanium fine flotation return to the second titanium fine flotation, the underflow tailings of the third titanium fine flotation return to the first titanium fine flotation, and the underflow tailings of the first titanium fine flotation, the underflow tailings of the second titanium fine flotation and the froth concentrate of the titanium scavenging flotation return to the titanium rough flotation; the concentrate of the fourth titanium fine flotation is the concentrate of the titanium beneficiation son process, and the tailings of the two sections of tables and the tailings of the titanium scavenging flotation form the tailings of the titanium beneficiation son process;
the tailings of desiliconization reverse flotation, the tailings of dephosphorization reverse flotation and the tailings of titanium ore dressing process jointly form process tailings discarding tailings.
2. The apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the desiliconization reverse flotation comprises desiliconization rough flotation, desiliconization fine flotation and third desiliconization scavenging flotation; the concentrate of the fine magnetic separation is fed into desiliconization rough flotation, the underflow concentrate of the desiliconization rough flotation is fed into desiliconization fine flotation, the foam tailings of the desiliconization rough flotation are fed into first desiliconization scavenging flotation, the foam tailings of the first desiliconization scavenging flotation are fed into second desiliconization scavenging flotation, the foam tailings of the second desiliconization scavenging flotation are fed into third desiliconization scavenging flotation, the underflow concentrate of the third desiliconization scavenging flotation returns to the first desiliconization scavenging flotation, and the underflow concentrate of the first desiliconization scavenging flotation, the underflow concentrate of the second desiliconization scavenging flotation and the foam tailings of the desiliconization rough flotation return to desiliconization rough flotation; the concentrate of desiliconization and fine flotation is the concentrate of desiliconization and reverse flotation, and the tailings of desiliconization and reverse flotation for the third time are the tailings of desiliconization and reverse flotation.
3. The apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the dephosphorization reverse flotation comprises dephosphorization rough flotation and secondary dephosphorization fine flotation; the concentrate of desiliconization reverse flotation is fed into dephosphorization rough flotation, the underflow concentrate of dephosphorization rough flotation is fed into first dephosphorization fine flotation, the underflow concentrate of first dephosphorization fine flotation is fed into second dephosphorization fine flotation, and the foam tailings of first dephosphorization fine flotation and the foam tailings of second dephosphorization fine flotation return to dephosphorization rough flotation; the underflow concentrate of the second dephosphorization fine flotation is the concentrate of dephosphorization reverse flotation; and the tailings obtained by dephosphorization rough flotation are the tailings obtained by dephosphorization reverse flotation.
4. The apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the magnetic field intensity of the first-stage low-intensity magnetic separation is 1800-2200GS, the magnetic field intensity of the second-stage low-intensity magnetic separation is 1450-1750GS, and the magnetic field intensity of the fine magnetic separation is 1100-1300 GS.
5. The apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process according to claim 2, characterized in that: 108-132g of ethylenediamine collecting agent and 18-22g of foaming agent methyl isobutyl carbinol are added into each ton of ore in the desiliconization rough flotation; adding 72-88g of ethylenediamine collecting agent and 13-16g of foaming agent methyl isobutyl carbinol into each ton of ore in the desiliconization and fine flotation; and 36-45g of ethylenediamine collecting agent and 9-11g of foaming agent methyl isobutyl carbinol are added into each ton of ore in the first desiliconization and scavenging flotation.
6. The apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process according to claim 3, characterized in that: 135-165g of FS-2 and 90-110g of inhibitor water glass are added into each ton of ore in the dephosphorization rough flotation; adding 45-55g of FS-2 into each ton of ore in the first dephosphorization and fine flotation; the mass mixing ratio of the FS-2 saponified fatty acid to the 2# oil is 5: 1-10: 1.
7. The apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: adding 2150-2650g of PH regulator sulfuric acid, 1650g of collecting agent oxidized paraffin soap and 45-55g of foaming agent methoxypolypropylene glycol into each ton of ore in the titanium rough flotation; and 108-132g of sulfuric acid is added to each ton of ore in the first titanium fine flotation, 90-110g of sulfuric acid is added to each ton of ore in the second titanium fine flotation, 72-88g of sulfuric acid is added to each ton of ore in the third titanium fine flotation, and 55-66g of sulfuric acid is added to each ton of ore in the fourth titanium fine flotation.
8. The apatite vanadium titano-magnetite impurity reduction beneficiation process according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the main components of useful minerals in the raw ore are ilmenite and titanomagnetite, and gangue minerals in the raw ore are mainly apatite, pyroxene and mica; fe grade 14.7%, P2O5Content of (2.3%) TiO2Is 4.5% and V2O5The raw ore with the content of 0.52 percent is processed by an impurity-reducing beneficiation process of apatite vanadium titano-magnetite to obtain the raw ore with the Fe grade of 63.6 percent and TiO2Content of (2.2%) V2O5Is 0.2%, P2O5Content of (3) 0.04%, Fe recovery rate 46.73%, TiO2The recovery rate is 3.66 percent and V2O5The recovery rate was 4.15% and P2O5The recovery rate of the iron ore concentrate is 0.19 percent, and V is obtained2O5The recovery rate of the vanadium concentrate is 29.6 percent, and the obtained product has 19.82 percent of Fe grade and TiO2Content of (B) 42.0%, V2O5Is 0.06% and P2O5Content of (D) is 0.1%, recovery rate of Fe is 11.49%, TiO2The recovery rate is 55 percent and V2O5The recovery rate was 0.98% and P2O5The recovery rate of the titanium concentrate is 0.37 percent.
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| CN102179292A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-09-14 | 中国地质科学院矿产综合利用研究所 | Method for separating and extracting iron, vanadium and titanium from vanadium-titanium magnetite |
| CN103521349A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-22 | 河北省矾山磷矿有限公司 | Comprehensive-utilization mineral separation process for ultra-lean magnetite |
| CN204448258U (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2015-07-08 | 山东兴盛矿业有限责任公司 | A kind of ore-dressing plant for super low-grade vanadium titano-magnetite |
| CN107716093A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-23 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | A kind of method of low-grade titanium-containing magnet ore deposit cleaning comprehensive utilization |
| CN108855583A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-23 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of method of vanadium titano-magnetite ore dressing preenrichment |
| CN109395873A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-01 | 四川龙蟒矿冶有限责任公司 | A kind of process improving sefstromite concentrate quality |
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