CN109962635A - The modulator approach and equipment of five level topology units - Google Patents
The modulator approach and equipment of five level topology units Download PDFInfo
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- CN109962635A CN109962635A CN201910159600.5A CN201910159600A CN109962635A CN 109962635 A CN109962635 A CN 109962635A CN 201910159600 A CN201910159600 A CN 201910159600A CN 109962635 A CN109962635 A CN 109962635A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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Abstract
This application involves the modulator approaches and equipment of a kind of five level topology units.Method is the following steps are included: determine outputs level signals according to the waveform comparison result of modulating wave and carrier wave, within the period of each carrier wave, obtain the actual voltage value of the flying capacitor in five level topology units and the output current value of five level topology units, corresponding state machine is determined according to output current value, corresponding state is determined in state machine according to level signal and actual voltage value, obtains the assembled state of the switching device in five level topology units.Pass through the use of state machine; realize that switching state does not need dead time; avoid the excess loss in potential voltage jump and dead time; so that circuit is able to maintain in safe and reliable open position in commutation course; and it can reduce the switching loss when change of current; play the role of protective switch pipe, improves the reliability of five level topology units.
Description
Technical field
This application involves power electronics field, a kind of modulator approach more particularly to five level topology units and set
It is standby.
Background technique
Gird-connected inverter plays critically important role in photovoltaic power generation, and gird-connected inverter is a kind of by direct current energy turn
It changes AC energy into or AC energy is converted into the converter of direct current energy.It is with the continuous development of society and progressive, people
Demand of the class to the energy increasingly increases, and the new energy such as photovoltaic, energy storage are also increasing in energy specific gravity accounting.As its core,
Photovoltaic DC converter and energy accumulation current converter are also more and more fierce in market competition in recent years.In order to meet the market demand, more
Come more more level AC/DC convertors push-in market.
Structure is complicated for traditional AC/DC convertor, and the switching loss of component and conduction loss are big when work, using at
This height, functional reliability are low.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to for the short problem of the service life of five level topology units, provide a kind of five level topology
The modulator approach and equipment of unit.
A kind of modulator approach of five level topology unit, comprising the following steps:
Outputs level signals are determined according to the waveform comparison result of modulating wave and carrier wave；
Within the period of each carrier wave, actual voltage value and the institute of the flying capacitor in five level topology units are obtained
State the output current value of five level topology units；
Corresponding state machine is determined according to the output current value；
Corresponding state is determined in the state machine according to the level signal and the actual voltage value, is obtained described
The assembled state of switching device in five level topology units.
The modulating wave is sinusoidal modulation wave in one of the embodiments, and the carrier wave is triangular wave.
The quantity of the carrier wave is four in one of the embodiments, described according to the waveform of modulating wave and carrier wave ratio
Relatively result determines the step of outputs level signals, comprising the following steps:
The sinusoidal modulation wave is compared with four triangular waves respectively, four logical relations are generated, if described
Sinusoidal modulation wave is higher than the triangular wave, then generates 1, if the triangular wave is higher than the sinusoidal modulation wave, generates 0；
Output level is determined according to the logical relation, if four logical relations are 1, exports 2E level, if
Three in four logical relations are 1, another is 0, then export E level, if two in four logical relations
A is 1, and another two 0 then exports 0E level, if three in four logical relations are 0, another is 1, then exports-E
Level exports -2E level if four logical relations are 0.
The E level is equal to the load voltage value of the flying capacitor in one of the embodiments,.
In one of the embodiments, it is characterized in that, the five level topology unit includes:
Switch S1, switch S2, switch S3, switch S4, switch S5, switch S6, switch S7 and switch S8；
First diode and the second diode；
First capacitor, the second capacitor and third capacitor；
Wherein, the first capacitor and second capacitance connection, between the first capacitor and second capacitor
As the first connecting pin, the first capacitor is not connected with the direct current of the electrode connection DC power supply of second capacitor at circuit midpoint
Anode, the electrode that second capacitor is not connected with the first capacitor connect the direct current negative terminal of the DC power supply；
The switch S5, the third capacitor and the switch S7 are sequentially connected, and the switch S5 is not connected with the third
One end of capacitor connects the direct current anode, and the switch S7 is not connected with one end of the third capacitor and the direct current negative terminal connects
It connects；The public connecting end of the switch S5 and the third capacitor is as second connection end, the third capacitor and the switch
The public connecting end of S7 is as third connecting pin；
The switch S4 is connect with the switch S6, described in the switch S4 is connect with the public connecting end of the switch S6
The cathode of first diode, the anode of the first diode connect first connecting pin, and the switch S4 is not connected described
One end of switch S6 connects the second connection end, and one end that the switch S6 is not connected with the switch S4 connects the third and connects
Connect end；
The switch S8 is connect with the switch S3, described in the switch S8 is connect with the public connecting end of the switch S3
The anode of second diode, the cathode of second diode connect first connecting pin, and the switch S8 is not connected described
One end of switch S3 connects the second connection end, and one end that the switch S3 is not connected with the switch S8 connects the third and connects
Connect end；
The switch S1 is connect with the switch S2, and the switch S1 is used as with the public connecting end of the switch S2 and exchanges
End, one end that the switch S1 is not connected with the switch S2 connect the second connection end, and the switch S2 is not connected with described open
The one end for closing S1 connects the third connecting pin；
The state machine includes first state machine and the second state machine, the Switch State Combination in Power Systems packet of the first state machine
It includes:
A1: switch S1, S5, S6 closure, the state that switch S2, S3, S4, S7, S8 are disconnected；
B1: switch S5, S6 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S7, S8 are disconnected；
C1: switch S1, S6 closure, the state that switch S2, S3, S4, S5, S7, S8 are disconnected；
D1: switch S1, S4 closure, the state that switch S2, S3, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
E1: switch S6 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S7, S8 are disconnected；
F1: switch S4 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
G1: switch S1 closure, the state that switch S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
The state that H1: switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
The Switch State Combination in Power Systems of second state machine includes:
The state that A2: switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
B2: switch S2 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
C2: switch S3 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
D2: switch S8 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 are disconnected；
E2: switch S2, S3 closure, the state that switch S1, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
F2: switch S2, S8 closure, the state that switch S1, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 are disconnected；
G2: switch S7, S8 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 are disconnected；
H2: switch S2, S7, S8 closure, the state that switch S1, S3, S4, S5, S6 are disconnected.
Described the step of corresponding state machine is determined according to the output current value in one of the embodiments, including
Following steps:
The direction of the output current value is obtained according to the output current value；
The first state machine is selected when the current direction is that timing is determining, choosing is determined when the current direction is negative
Select second state machine.
In one of the embodiments, in the first state machine, 1 state of 2E level corresponding A, E level corresponds to B1 shape
State or C1 state, 0E level correspond to D1 state or E1 state, and-E level corresponds to F1 state or G1 state, and -2E level corresponds to H1 shape
State；
In second state machine, 2 state of 2E level corresponding A, E level corresponds to B2 state or C2 state, 0E level pair
D2 state or E2 state are answered,-E level corresponds to F2 state or G2 state, and -2E level corresponds to H2 state；
When output level is E ,-E or 0E, corresponding shape is determined in the state machine according to the actual voltage value
State obtains the assembled state of the switching device in the five level topology unit.
It is described when output level is E ,-E or 0E in one of the embodiments, according to the actual voltage value in institute
The step of stating and determine corresponding state in state machine, obtaining the assembled state of the switching device in the five level topology unit,
The following steps are included:
The size for comparing the load voltage value of the actual voltage value and the flying capacitor obtains voltage comparison result；
Corresponding state is determined in the state machine according to the phase of the voltage comparison result and the modulating wave, is obtained
To the assembled state of the switching device in the five level topology unit.
In one of the embodiments, it is described according to the phase of the voltage comparison result and the modulating wave in the shape
Corresponding state is determined in state machine, obtains the assembled state of the switching device in the five level topology unit, comprising:
In the first state machine, when the modulating wave is in positive half period, 0E level corresponds to E1 state, when described
When modulating wave is in negative half-cycle, 0E level corresponds to D1 state, when the actual voltage value is less than the load voltage value, E
Level corresponds to B1 state, and when the actual voltage value is greater than the load voltage value, E level corresponds to C1 state, when the reality
When border voltage value is less than the load voltage value ,-E level corresponds to F1 state, when the actual voltage value is greater than the specified electricity
When pressure value ,-E level corresponds to G1 state；
In second state machine, when the modulating wave is in positive half period, 0E level corresponds to E2 state, when described
When modulating wave is in negative half-cycle, 0E level corresponds to D2 state, when the actual voltage value is less than the load voltage value, E
Level corresponds to C2 state, and when the actual voltage value is greater than the load voltage value, E level corresponds to B2 state, when the reality
When border voltage value is less than the load voltage value ,-E level corresponds to G2 state, when the actual voltage value is greater than the specified electricity
When pressure value ,-E level corresponds to F2 state.
A kind of five level topology unit modulating equipments, including controller and five level topology units, the controller are used for
Above-mentioned method is executed, to control the five level topology unit.
The modulator approach and equipment of above-mentioned five level topology unit, by the use of state machine, according to modulating wave and load
It is single that the actual voltage value of the size of wave, the output current value of five level topology units and flying capacitor reasonably selects five level topology
The assembled state of switching device in member, when realizing that the switching of two neighboring Switch State Combination in Power Systems does not need dead zone in state machine
Between, the excess loss in potential voltage jump and dead time is avoided, is being pacified so that circuit is able to maintain in commutation course
Complete reliable open position, and can reduce the switching loss when change of current, play the role of protective switch pipe, improves five level
The reliability of topology unit.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the modulator approach of five level topology units in one embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the modulator approach of five level topology units in another embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of five level topology units in one embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the constitutional diagram of the switch state in one embodiment in first state machine；
Fig. 5 is the constitutional diagram of the switch state in one embodiment in the second state machine；
Fig. 6 is the positive current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is A1 in one embodiment；
Fig. 7 is the positive current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is B1 in one embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the positive current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is C1 in one embodiment；
Fig. 9 is the positive current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is D1 in one embodiment；
Figure 10 is the positive current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is E1 in one embodiment；
Figure 11 is the positive current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is F1 in one embodiment；
Figure 12 is the positive current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is G1 in one embodiment；
Figure 13 is the positive current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is H1 in one embodiment；
Figure 14 is the negative current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is A2 in one embodiment；
Figure 15 is the negative current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is B2 in one embodiment；
Figure 16 is the negative current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is C2 in one embodiment；
Figure 17 is the negative current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is D2 in one embodiment；
Figure 18 is the negative current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is E2 in one embodiment；
Figure 19 is the negative current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is F2 in one embodiment；
Figure 20 is the negative current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is G2 in one embodiment；
Figure 21 is the negative current equivalent circuit diagram that Switch State Combination in Power Systems is H2 in one embodiment；
Figure 22 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the positive electricity logical circulation road of five level topology units in one embodiment；
Figure 23 is the equivalent circuit diagram of the negative electricity logical circulation road of five level topology units in one embodiment.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, by the following examples, it and combines attached
Figure, is described more fully the present invention.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only to explain this hair
It is bright, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
In one embodiment, a kind of modulator approach of five level topology units is provided, referring to Figure 1, this method includes
Following steps:
Step S100: outputs level signals are determined according to the waveform comparison result of modulating wave and carrier wave.
The waveform comparison of modulating wave and carrier wave is the result is that control the foundation of outputs level signals, the waveform of modulating wave and carrier wave
Manner of comparison is not unique, for example, can be modulating wave in carrier wave signal specific it is single compared with, be also possible to modulate
Wave is compared with the section of multiple carrier waves, according to the difference of the waveform comparison result of modulating wave and carrier wave, the level signal of output
It is different.The corresponding relationship of waveform comparison result and outputs level signals is also not uniquely, such as be can be modulating wave and be greater than
Determine that output level is 1 when output level is 1 or carrier wave is greater than modulating wave, can adjust according to actual needs when carrier wave.
Step S200: within the period of each carrier wave, the virtual voltage of the flying capacitor in five level topology units is obtained
The output current value of value and five level topology units.
Flying capacitor is the important devices of five level topology units, and the voltage of flying capacitor exports five level topology units
The quality of voltage influences greatly, and the actual voltage value for obtaining flying capacitor will be seen that the voltage status of current flying capacitor, moreover it is possible to
Judge that current flying capacitor is currently at charged state and still discharges according to the comparison result of actual voltage value and load voltage value
State provides foundation for five level topology units of control.The output current value of five level topology units is reflection five level topology
The important evidence of the working condition of unit, the size of output current value reflect the more of the electric energy of five level topology units conversion
Few, output sense of current reflects the flow direction of electric current, and when output electric current is timing, the current direction of five level topology units is
Exchange side is flowed to from DC side, when exporting electric current and being negative, the current directions of five level topology units is from exchange effluent to straight
Flow side.The actual voltage value and output current value of the flying capacitor of five level topology units are reflection five level topology units work
The important parameter of performance, the analysis result reliability obtained based on the two data are high.
Step S300: corresponding state machine is determined according to output current value.
State machine includes status register and combinational logic circuit, can be according to control signal according to preset state
Carry out state transfer is the control centre coordinated coherent signal movement, complete specific operation.The quantity of state machine is not unique
, it is stored with different states in different state machines, can specifically choose according to actual needs.According to determining pair of output current value
When the state machine answered, corresponding state machine can be determined according to the size of output current value, it can also be according to the side of output electric current
To the corresponding state machine of determination, as long as those skilled in the art think may be implemented.
Step S400: corresponding state is determined in state machine according to level signal and actual voltage value, obtains five level
The assembled state of switching device in topology unit.
After determining corresponding state machine according to the output current value of five level topology units, further according to level signal and reality
Voltage value determines corresponding state in state machine, obtains the assembled state of the switching device in five level topology units, five electricity
The assembled state of switching device in flat topology unit is set in advance in state machine, in different occasion lower switch devices
Assembled state can be different, the control signal of state machine is level signal and actual voltage value, and state machine is believed according to level
Number and actual voltage value carry out state switching, to obtain the assembled state of different switching devices.Expansiblely, signal is controlled
It can be level signal, be also possible to virtual voltage value signal, or not only included level signal but also included virtual voltage value signal,
For example, control signal can be believed when each level signal can uniquely determine corresponding state in state machine for level
Number, when each actual voltage value can uniquely determine corresponding state in state machine, control signal can be practical electricity
Value signal is pressed, when the state corresponding relationship in level signal and virtual voltage value signal and state machine is not unique, can be adopted
Use not only include level signal again include virtual voltage value signal signal as control signal, thus in state machine determination correspondence
State, obtain the assembled state of the switching device of five level topology units, then driving signal is sent to corresponding by state machine
Switching device realizes the modulation to five level topology units.
The modulator approach of above-mentioned five level topology unit, by the use of state machine, according to the big with carrier wave of modulating wave
The actual voltage value of small, five level topology units output current values and flying capacitor reasonably selects in five level topology units
The assembled state of switching device realizes that the switching of two neighboring Switch State Combination in Power Systems does not need dead time in state machine, keeps away
The excess loss in potential voltage jump and dead time is exempted from, so that circuit is able to maintain in commutation course safe and reliable
Open position, and can reduce the switching loss when change of current, play the role of protective switch pipe, it is single to improve five level topology
The reliability of member.
In one embodiment, modulating wave is sinusoidal modulation wave, and carrier wave is triangular wave.Sinusoidal modulation wave and triangular wave all have
There is the characteristics of cyclically-varying, in the present embodiment, the period of sinusoidal modulation wave is greater than the period of triangular wave, in a sinusoidal tune
The sinusoidal modulation wave of each time is compared with triangular wave in the period of wave processed, according to the wave of sinusoidal modulation wave and triangular wave
Shape comparison result determines outputs level signals, the corresponding relationship of waveform comparison result and outputs level signals be not it is unique,
As long as those skilled in the art think may be implemented.
In one embodiment, the quantity of carrier wave is four, refers to Fig. 2, step S100 includes step S110 and step
S120。
The quantity of carrier wave is not that uniquely, can determine according to actual needs.In the present embodiment, the quantity of carrier wave is four
Item, when modulating wave is compared with carrier wave, the mode compared is not unique, such as can be the ratio of modulating wave and single carrier wave
Compared with being also possible to modulating wave compared with the section of multiple carrier waves.After four carrier waves are laminated into one group of carrier wave
It is compared again with modulating wave, four carrier waves is concentrated in together, multiple letters can be carried out when being compared with modulating wave simultaneously
Number comparison, improve the working efficiency of five level topology units.In order to improve the reliability of work, in the present embodiment, four
The phase-amplitude of carrier wave is equal and stacks gradually.It is appreciated that in other embodiments, it can also be using other stacking sides
Formula, as long as those skilled in the art think may be implemented.
Step S110: sinusoidal modulation wave is compared with four triangular waves respectively, four logical relations are generated, if sinusoidal
Modulating wave is higher than triangular wave, then generates 1, if triangular wave is higher than sinusoidal modulation wave, generates 0.
Sinusoidal modulation wave with four triangular waves is compared in synchronization, can guarantee waveform comparison result in this way
Accuracy.The corresponding relationship of waveform comparison result and logical relation is not uniquely, in the present embodiment, if Sine Modulated
Wave height then generates 1 in triangular wave, if triangular wave is higher than sinusoidal modulation wave, generates 0, it will be understood that in other embodiments,
If being also possible to sinusoidal modulation wave higher than triangular wave, 0 is generated, if triangular wave is higher than sinusoidal modulation wave, generates 1, as long as this
Field technical staff thinks may be implemented.
Step S120: determining output level according to logical relation, if four logical relations are 1, exports 2E level, if
Three in four logical relations are 1, another is 0, then export E level, if two in four logical relations are 1, separately
Two are 0, then export 0E level, if three in four logical relations are 0, another is 1, then export-E level, if four
Logical relation is 0, then exports -2E level.
The corresponding relationship of logical relation and output level is not uniquely, in the present embodiment, to be closed according to four logics
System and determine output level, when four logical relations and when being 3, then export E level, when four logical relations and be 2
When, then export 0E level, when four logical relations and when being 1, then export-E level, if four logical relations and when being 0,
Then export -2E level, it will be understood that in other embodiments, can also be using pair of other logical relations and output level
It should be related to.The value of E level is not that uniquely, can determine that flexibility is high according to the structure of topology unit and the demand of user.
In one embodiment, E level is equal to the load voltage value of flying capacitor.When E level is equal to the volume of flying capacitor
When constant voltage value, the load voltage value of Up Highway UHW capacitor and Down Highway capacitor is 2E in topology unit.It is determined according to logical relation
When output level, if four logical relations are 1, output level is equal to the load voltage value of Up Highway UHW capacitor, if four are patrolled
Three in the relationship of collecting are 1, another is 0, then output level is equal to the load voltage value of flying capacitor, if four logics are closed
Two in system are 1, and another two 0, then output level is 0, if three in four logical relations are 0, another is 1, then
Output level is equal to the opposite number of flying capacitor load voltage value, if four logical relations are 0, output level is equal to upper mother
The opposite number of line capacitance load voltage value.
In one embodiment, Fig. 3 is referred to, five level topology units include switch S1, switch S2, switch S3, switch
S4, switch S5, switch S6, switch S7, switch S8, first diode D1, the second diode D2, first capacitor C1, the second capacitor
C2 and third capacitor C3.
The connection relationship of each device is as follows in five level topology units: first capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2 connection, and first
As the first connecting pin, first capacitor C1 is not connected with the electricity of the second capacitor C2 at circuit midpoint between capacitor C1 and the second capacitor C2
Pole connects the direct current anode of DC power supply, and the direct current that the second capacitor C2 is not connected with the electrode connection DC power supply of first capacitor C1 is negative
End, switch S5, third capacitor C3 and switch S7 are sequentially connected, and switch S5 is being not connected with one end connection direct current of third capacitor C3 just
End, one end that switch S7 is not connected with third capacitor C3 are connect with direct current negative terminal, the public connecting end of switch S5 and third capacitor C3
As second connection end, the public connecting end of third capacitor C3 and switch S7 are as third connecting pin.
Switch S4 is connect with switch S6, and switch S4 connect the cathode of first diode D1 with the public connecting end of switch S6,
The anode of first diode D1 connects the first connecting pin, and one end that switch S4 is not connected with switch S6 connects second connection end, switch
One end that S6 is not connected with switch S4 connects third connecting pin, and switch S8 is connect with switch S3, the public company of switch S8 and switch S3
The anode of the second diode D2 of end connection is connect, the cathode of the second diode D2 connects the first connecting pin, the not connected switch of switch S8
One end of S3 connects second connection end, and one end that switch S3 is not connected with switch S8 connects third connecting pin, switch S1 and switch S2
Connection, switch S1 connect with the public connecting end of switch S2 as end, one end connection second that switch S1 is not connected with switch S2 is exchanged
End is connect, one end that switch S2 is not connected with switch S1 connects third connecting pin.
Five level topology units can work in five operation modes, respectively the first operation mode, the second operation mode,
Third operation mode, the 4th operation mode and the 5th operation mode, so that exchange end output AC voltage, when five level topology
For cell operation in the first operation mode, the voltage for exchanging end is zero, when five level topology units work in the second operation mode
When, the voltage that five level topology units exchange end is equal with flying capacitor load voltage value, when the work of five level topology units exists
When third operation mode, the voltage for exchanging end is twice of flying capacitor load voltage value, when the work of five level topology units exists
When four operation modes, the voltage for exchanging end is the minus one times of flying capacitor load voltage value, when five level topology units work
In five operation modes, the voltage for exchanging end is minus twice of flying capacitor load voltage value.The five level topology unit one
Five kinds of level can be exported altogether, it is easy to use.
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are referred to, state machine includes first state machine and the second state machine, the switch state of first state machine
Combination includes:
A1: Fig. 6, switch S1, S5, S6 closure, the state that switch S2, S3, S4, S7, S8 are disconnected are referred to；
B1: Fig. 7, switch S5, S6 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S7, S8 are disconnected are referred to；
C1: Fig. 8, switch S1, S6 closure, the state that switch S2, S3, S4, S5, S7, S8 are disconnected are referred to；
D1: Fig. 9, switch S1, S4 closure, the state that switch S2, S3, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected are referred to；
E1: referring to Figure 10, switch S6 closure, the state of switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S7, S8 disconnection；
F1: referring to Figure 11, switch S4 closure, the state of switch S1, S2, S3, S5, S6, S7, S8 disconnection；
G1: referring to Figure 12, switch S1 closure, the state of switch S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 disconnection；
H1: referring to Figure 13, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
The Switch State Combination in Power Systems of second state machine includes:
A2: referring to Figure 14, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
B2: referring to Figure 15, switch S2 closure, the state of switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 disconnection；
C2: referring to Figure 16, switch S3 closure, the state of switch S1, S2, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 disconnection；
D2: referring to Figure 17, switch S8 closure, the state of switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 disconnection；
E2: referring to Figure 18, switch S2, S3 closure, the state of switch S1, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 disconnection；
F2: referring to Figure 19, switch S2, S8 closure, the state of switch S1, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 disconnection；
G2: Figure 20, switch S7, S8 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 are disconnected are referred to；
H2: Figure 21, switch S2, S7, S8 closure, the state that switch S1, S3, S4, S5, S6 are disconnected are referred to.
It is appreciated that in other embodiments, the different conditions and different shapes that the quantity of state machine, state machine include
The combined relationship of the corresponding switch of state can also be using other forms, as long as those skilled in the art think to may be implemented i.e.
It can.
In one embodiment, Fig. 2 is referred to, step S300 includes step S310 and step S320.
Step S310: the direction of output current value is obtained according to output current value.
After obtaining the output current value of five level topology units, output current value can be obtained according to output current value
Direction, such as when output current value is positive value, it is believed that current direction is positive, and refers to Figure 22, the electricity of five level topology units
Stream flow direction is flows to exchange side from DC side, when output current value is negative value, it is believed that and current direction is negative, and refers to Figure 23,
The current direction of five level topology units is from effluent is exchanged to DC side.
Step S320: when current direction is the determining selection first state machine of timing, the determining selection when current direction is negative
Second state machine.
When current direction be timing, determine selection first state machine, first state machine include A1, B1, C1, D1, E1, F1,
Eight kinds of Switch State Combination in Power Systems of G1, H1, it is determined that after state machine, further according to level signal and actual voltage value in first state machine
It determines corresponding state, obtains the assembled state of the switching device in five level topology units.When current direction is negative, determine
The second state machine is selected, the second state machine includes eight kinds of Switch State Combination in Power Systems of A2, B2, C2, D2, E2, F2, G2, H2, it is determined that shape
After state machine, corresponding state is determined in first state machine further according to level signal and actual voltage value, obtains five level topology
The assembled state of switching device in unit.Each state in state machine is corresponding with the combination of the open and close of switch
Relationship has been described in detail in the above-described embodiments, and details are not described herein.
In one embodiment, in first state machine, 1 state of 2E level corresponding A, E level corresponds to B1 state or C1 shape
State, 0E level correspond to D1 state or E1 state, and-E level corresponds to F1 state or G1 state, and -2E level corresponds to H1 state.Second
In state machine, 2 state of 2E level corresponding A, E level corresponds to B2 state or C2 state, and 0E level corresponds to D2 state or E2 state ,-E
Level corresponds to F2 state or G2 state, and -2E level corresponds to H2 state.When output level is E ,-E or 0E, according to virtual voltage
Value determines corresponding state in state machine, obtains the assembled state of the switching device in five level topology units.
In the present embodiment, it is determined that after state machine, 2E level and -2E level can determine unique corresponding state,
And when output level is E ,-E or 0E, there are two the corresponding states of each level, at this moment can be according to actual voltage value in shape
Corresponding state is determined in state machine, obtains the assembled state of the switching device in five level topology units, to realize to five electricity
The modulation of flat topology unit.
In one embodiment, Fig. 2 is referred to, step S400 includes step S410 and step S420.
Step S410: the size for comparing the load voltage value of actual voltage value and flying capacitor obtains voltage comparison result.
After the actual voltage value for obtaining flying capacitor, the load voltage value of the actual voltage value and flying capacitor that will acquire
It is compared to obtain voltage comparison result, so that it is determined that the working condition of flying capacitor, when the actual voltage value of flying capacitor is small
When load voltage value, it is believed that should charge to flying capacitor, and when the actual voltage value of flying capacitor is greater than load voltage value, recognize
It discharges for this to flying capacitor, the knot of five level topology unit equivalent circuits can be determined according to the working condition of flying capacitor
Structure determines the assembled state of switching device, corresponding state is chosen in state set.
Step S420: corresponding state is determined in state machine according to the phase of voltage comparison result and modulating wave, is obtained
The assembled state of switching device in five level topology units.
Specifically, after implementing the step of choosing corresponding state according to level signal, due to being E ,-E when output level
Or when 0E, there are two the corresponding states of each level, at this moment combines the phase of voltage comparison result and modulating wave can be in state
Corresponding state is determined in machine, obtains the assembled state of the switching device in five level topology units, to realize to five level
The modulation of topology unit.The corresponding relationship of state in the phase and state machine of voltage comparison result and modulating wave is not unique
, it can be by user according to specific requirements sets itself.For example, in first state machine, when the actual voltage value of flying capacitor is small
When its load voltage value, E level corresponds to B1 state, when the actual voltage value of flying capacitor is greater than its load voltage value, E electricity
Flat corresponding C1 state, when the actual voltage value of flying capacitor is less than its load voltage value ,-E level corresponds to F1 state, works as suspension
When the actual voltage value of capacitor is greater than its load voltage value ,-E level corresponding states, in the second state machine, when flying capacitor
When actual voltage value is less than its load voltage value, E level corresponds to C2 state, when the actual voltage value of flying capacitor is specified greater than its
When voltage value, E level corresponds to B2 state, and when the actual voltage value of flying capacitor is less than its load voltage value ,-E level is corresponding
G2 state, when the actual voltage value of flying capacitor is greater than its load voltage value ,-E level corresponds to F2 state.Compared according to voltage
As a result it can determine that output level is that E level and the state in state machine corresponding when-E level can when output level is 0
To combine the phase of modulating wave to determine corresponding state in state machine, the group of the switching device in five level topology units is obtained
Conjunction state.For example, in the present embodiment, in first state machine, when sinusoidal modulation wave is in positive half period, 0E level is corresponding
E1 state, when sinusoidal modulation wave is in negative half-cycle, 0E level corresponds to D1 state, in the second state machine, works as Sine Modulated
When wave is in positive half period, 0E level corresponds to E2 state, and when sinusoidal modulation wave is in negative half-cycle, 0E level corresponds to D2 shape
State.
In one embodiment, step S420 include: in first state machine, when modulating wave is in positive half period, 0E
Level corresponds to E1 state, and when modulating wave is in negative half-cycle, 0E level corresponds to D1 state, when actual voltage value is less than specified electricity
When pressure value, E level corresponds to B1 state, and when actual voltage value is greater than load voltage value, E level corresponds to C1 state, when practical electricity
When pressure value is less than load voltage value ,-E level corresponds to F1 state, and when actual voltage value is greater than load voltage value ,-E level is corresponding
G1 state；
In the second state machine, when modulating wave is in positive half period, 0E level corresponds to E2 state, when modulating wave is in negative
When the half period, 0E level corresponds to D2 state, and when actual voltage value is less than load voltage value, E level corresponds to C2 state, works as reality
When voltage value is greater than load voltage value, E level corresponds to B2 state, when actual voltage value is less than load voltage value ,-E level pair
G2 state is answered, when actual voltage value is greater than load voltage value ,-E level corresponds to F2 state.
In the above-described embodiments, each state in state machine will not cause capacitance short-circuit failure or main switch voltage
The increase of stress, and voltage sine wave is distributed equally state machine in one cycle, to balance between each main switch
The difference of loss reduces switching loss when state switching, wherein opening by the flexible utilization to Redundanter schalter in state machine
The switching frequency for closing pipe S6, S8 can be reduced to mains frequency, and state machine carries out reasonable arrangement to the driving signal of main switch,
Switching in each state machine between two neighboring state, which does not need dead time, still can reliably switch, and will not generate voltage
Jump and dead zone bring excess loss, can be improved the reliability of five level topology units.
In one embodiment, a kind of five level topology unit modulating equipments, including controller and five level topology are provided
Unit, controller is for executing above-mentioned method, to control the assembled state of the switching device in five level topology units.
Controller can be realized outstanding when executing above-mentioned method five level topology unit of control in several carrier cycles
The balance of floating capacitance voltage, therefore can reduce the capacitance of flying capacitor, moreover it is possible to the volume of flying capacitor is reduced, to reduce by five
The cost of level topology unit modulating equipment improves the power density of five level topology unit modulating equipments.
The modulating equipment of above-mentioned five level topology unit, by the use of state machine, according to the big with carrier wave of modulating wave
The actual voltage value of small, five level topology units output current values and flying capacitor reasonably selects in five level topology units
The assembled state of switching device realizes that the switching of two neighboring Switch State Combination in Power Systems does not need dead time in state machine, keeps away
The excess loss in potential voltage jump and dead time is exempted from, so that circuit is able to maintain in commutation course safe and reliable
Open position, and can reduce the switching loss when change of current, play the role of protective switch pipe, it is single to improve five level topology
The reliability of member.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of modulator approach of five level topology units, which comprises the following steps:
Outputs level signals are determined according to the waveform comparison result of modulating wave and carrier wave；
Within the period of each carrier wave, the actual voltage value and described five of the flying capacitor in five level topology units is obtained
The output current value of level topology unit；
Corresponding state machine is determined according to the output current value；
Corresponding state is determined in the state machine according to the level signal and the actual voltage value, obtains five electricity
The assembled state of switching device in flat topology unit.
2. the carrier wave is three the method according to claim 1, wherein the modulating wave is sinusoidal modulation wave
Angle wave.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the quantity of the carrier wave be four, it is described according to modulating wave
The step of determining outputs level signals with the waveform comparison result of carrier wave, comprising the following steps:
The sinusoidal modulation wave is compared with four triangular waves respectively, four logical relations are generated, if the sine
Modulating wave is higher than the triangular wave, then generates 1, if the triangular wave is higher than the sinusoidal modulation wave, generates 0；
Output level is determined according to the logical relation, if four logical relations are 1, exports 2E level, if four
Three in the logical relation are 1, another is 0, then export E level, if two in four logical relations are
1, another two 0 then exports 0E level, if three in four logical relations are 0, another is 1, then exports-E electricity
It is flat, if four logical relations are 0, export -2E level.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the E level is equal to the voltage rating of the flying capacitor
Value.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the five level topology unit includes:
Switch S1, switch S2, switch S3, switch S4, switch S5, switch S6, switch S7 and switch S8；
First diode and the second diode；
First capacitor, the second capacitor and third capacitor；
Wherein, the first capacitor and second capacitance connection, the circuit between the first capacitor and second capacitor
As the first connecting pin, the first capacitor is being not connected with the direct current of the electrode connection DC power supply of second capacitor just at midpoint
End, the electrode that second capacitor is not connected with the first capacitor connect the direct current negative terminal of the DC power supply；
The switch S5, the third capacitor and the switch S7 are sequentially connected, and the switch S5 is not connected with the third capacitor
One end connect the direct current anode, one end that the switch S7 is not connected with the third capacitor is connect with the direct current negative terminal；
The public connecting end of the switch S5 and the third capacitor is as second connection end, and the third capacitor is with the switch S7's
Public connecting end is as third connecting pin；
The switch S4 is connect with the switch S6, and the switch S4 connect described first with the public connecting end of the switch S6
The anode of the cathode of diode, the first diode connects first connecting pin, and the switch S4 is not connected with the switch
One end of S6 connects the second connection end, and one end that the switch S6 is not connected with the switch S4 connects the third connection
End；
The switch S8 is connect with the switch S3, and the switch S8 connect described second with the public connecting end of the switch S3
The cathode of the anode of diode, second diode connects first connecting pin, and the switch S8 is not connected with the switch
One end of S3 connects the second connection end, and one end that the switch S3 is not connected with the switch S8 connects the third connection
End；
The switch S1 is connect with the switch S2, and the switch S1 is used as with the public connecting end of the switch S2 and exchanges end,
One end that the switch S1 is not connected with the switch S2 connects the second connection end, and the switch S2 is not connected with the switch S1
One end connect the third connecting pin；
The state machine includes first state machine and the second state machine, and the Switch State Combination in Power Systems of the first state machine includes:
A1: switch S1, S5, S6 closure, the state that switch S2, S3, S4, S7, S8 are disconnected；
B1: switch S5, S6 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S7, S8 are disconnected；
C1: switch S1, S6 closure, the state that switch S2, S3, S4, S5, S7, S8 are disconnected；
D1: switch S1, S4 closure, the state that switch S2, S3, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
E1: switch S6 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S7, S8 are disconnected；
F1: switch S4 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
G1: switch S1 closure, the state that switch S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
The state that H1: switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
The Switch State Combination in Power Systems of second state machine includes:
The state that A2: switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
B2: switch S2 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
C2: switch S3 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
D2: switch S8 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 are disconnected；
E2: switch S2, S3 closure, the state that switch S1, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8 are disconnected；
F2: switch S2, S8 closure, the state that switch S1, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 are disconnected；
G2: switch S7, S8 closure, the state that switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6 are disconnected；
H2: switch S2, S7, S8 closure, the state that switch S1, S3, S4, S5, S6 are disconnected.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described determine corresponding state according to the output current value
The step of machine, comprising the following steps:
The direction of the output current value is obtained according to the output current value；
The first state machine is selected when the current direction is that timing is determining, selection institute is determined when the current direction is negative
State the second state machine.
7. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that,
In the first state machine, 1 state of 2E level corresponding A, E level corresponds to B1 state or C1 state, and 0E level corresponds to D1
State or E1 state,-E level correspond to F1 state or G1 state, and -2E level corresponds to H1 state；
In second state machine, 2 state of 2E level corresponding A, E level corresponds to B2 state or C2 state, and 0E level corresponds to D2
State or E2 state,-E level correspond to F2 state or G2 state, and -2E level corresponds to H2 state；
When output level is E ,-E or 0E, corresponding state is determined in the state machine according to the actual voltage value, is obtained
To the assembled state of the switching device in the five level topology unit.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that described according to the level signal and the actual voltage value
Corresponding state is determined in the state machine, obtains the step of the assembled state of the switching device in the five level topology unit
Suddenly, comprising the following steps:
The size for comparing the load voltage value of the actual voltage value and the flying capacitor obtains voltage comparison result；
Corresponding state is determined in the state machine according to the phase of the voltage comparison result and the modulating wave, obtains institute
State the assembled state of the switching device in five level topology units.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described according to the voltage comparison result and the modulating wave
Phase corresponding state is determined in the state machine, obtain the combination shape of the switching device in the five level topology unit
State, comprising:
In the first state machine, when the modulating wave is in positive half period, 0E level corresponds to E1 state, when the modulation
When wave is in negative half-cycle, 0E level corresponds to D1 state, when the actual voltage value is less than the load voltage value, E level
Corresponding B1 state, when the actual voltage value is greater than the load voltage value, E level corresponds to C1 state, when the practical electricity
When pressure value is less than the load voltage value ,-E level corresponds to F1 state, when the actual voltage value is greater than the load voltage value
When ,-E level corresponds to G1 state；
In second state machine, when the modulating wave is in positive half period, 0E level corresponds to E2 state, when the modulation
When wave is in negative half-cycle, 0E level corresponds to D2 state, when the actual voltage value is less than the load voltage value, E level
Corresponding C2 state, when the actual voltage value is greater than the load voltage value, E level corresponds to B2 state, when the practical electricity
When pressure value is less than the load voltage value ,-E level corresponds to G2 state, when the actual voltage value is greater than the load voltage value
When ,-E level corresponds to F2 state.
10. a kind of five level topology unit modulating equipments, which is characterized in that described including controller and five level topology units
Controller controls the switching device in the five level topology unit for method described in -9 any one according to claim 1
Assembled state.
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| CN112994495A (en) * | 2021-02-26 | 2021-06-18 | 江苏师范大学 | Dead zone effect eliminating method for sensorless ANPC five-level inverter |
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| CN102624271A (en) * | 2012-04-01 | 2012-08-01 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Five-level inverted topology unit and five-level inverter |
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