CN109961511A - A kind of landform drawing methods based on oblique photograph measurement threedimensional model - Google Patents
A kind of landform drawing methods based on oblique photograph measurement threedimensional model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of landform drawing methods based on oblique photograph measurement threedimensional model, comprising the following steps: the threedimensional model formed using oblique photograph measurement, batch extracting Ground Point cloud；Point cloud data is filtered；Data interpolation is carried out to filtered point cloud data, to the point cloud cavity formed by oblique model shortage of data or because the region of effective surface data has not been obtained in dense vegetation, carries out data interpolation；Using the point cloud data building triangulation network obtained after data interpolation and optimize；Using the triangulation network after optimization, setting contour interval is required according to mapping scale, forms contour map.Not only precision is high for the topographic map that the present invention is formed, and can effectively expand oblique photograph measuring technique application field；Digital topography map is generated using the method, formation efficiency is high, highly reliable, overall cost is low at scheming, and field data acquisition be it is contactless, high-efficient, can effectively reduce labor intensity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of landform drawing methods, in particular to a kind of landform based on oblique photograph measurement threedimensional model
Drawing methods.
Background technique
Oblique photograph measurement is the image information for obtaining High redundancy using multi-angle of view sensor (spelling camera as) more, is passed through
Image joint, sky three calculate, put the processes such as discrete cloud, triangulation network network forming and texture mapping formation threedimensional model, three formed
Dimension module has the characteristics that intuitive, fine, high-precision, very three-dimensional, the plane coordinates and height value of available each object, but
There are problems that the lower view of upper view gear, that is, has the case where vegetation, the surface data (plan-position of real surface point can not be directly acquired
And elevation information).
Currently, oblique photograph measurement threedimensional model is mainly used in three-dimensional display, as the geography of Engineering Digitalization construction
Space platform, final acceptance of construction etc., it can also be used to thematic engineering survey such as Cadastral Survey, building facade measurement etc., but in landform
It is poor using less or effect at figure field, the problems such as main cause is constrained to vegetation, mass data.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, provide a kind of three-dimensional based on oblique photograph measurement
The landform drawing methods of model, it is high-efficient, highly reliable at scheming.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of landform drawing methods based on oblique photograph measurement threedimensional model, its main feature is that the following steps are included:
Step 1, the threedimensional model formed using oblique photograph measurement, batch extracting Ground Point cloud；
Step 2 is filtered point cloud data；
Step 3 carries out data interpolation to filtered point cloud data, to the point formed by oblique model shortage of data
Cloud is empty or because the region of effective surface data has not been obtained in dense vegetation, carries out data interpolation；
Step 4 constructs the triangulation network using the point cloud data obtained after data interpolation, optimizes to the triangulation network；
Step 5 requires setting contour interval according to mapping scale, forms contour map using the triangulation network after optimization.
As a preferred method, in the step 2, using uniform sampling, R tree or ten fork tree filtering modes.
As another preferred embodiment, in the step 2, using minimum point filter method, elevation is retained within the scope of grid
It is worth the smallest point.
As a preferred method, in the step 3, by filtered point cloud data and pass through total station survey or GPS
The measuring point data that RTK measurement obtains is merged, to carry out data interpolation.
As a preferred method, in the step 3, a cloud is carried out to dense vegetation area using the mode of manual intervention
It extracts data and merges the data with filtered point cloud data, to carry out data interpolation.
As a preferred method, in the step 4, optimization method includes: to delete in conjunction with the triangulation network and contour view
Except abnormal point, wherein abnormal point is that related contour moves towards unreasonable point.
Compared with prior art, not only precision is high for the topographic map that the present invention is formed, and can meet engineering application requirement, and can
Oblique photograph measuring technique application field is effectively expanded, it is important to promoting the development of oblique photograph measuring technique and popularization and application to have
Positive effect；Digital topography map is generated using the method, formation efficiency is high, highly reliable, overall cost is low at scheming, and field data
It is contactless, high-efficient for acquiring, and can effectively reduce labor intensity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is oblique photograph three-dimensional model diagram.
Fig. 2 is the earth's surface point cloud chart of batch extracting.
Fig. 3 is the point cloud chart filtered after interpolation.
Fig. 4 is the triangulation diagram after optimization.
Fig. 5 is topographic map.
Specific embodiment
General principles are: measuring threedimensional model using oblique photograph, extract high density point using batch processing method
Cloud data carry out denoising and data compression by filtering algorithm, carry out data interpolation to special area using manual intervention mode,
The triangulation network is constructed using the point cloud after filtering, interpolation, processing is optimized to the triangulation network and forms contour map i.e. topographic map.It should
Method carries out ground using automatic, semi-automatic method and forms figure, high-efficient, achievement is highly reliable, can be used for 1:2000,1:1000 and 1:
500 equal Urban Large-scale Topographic Maps.
Based on oblique photograph measurement threedimensional model landform drawing methods the following steps are included:
Step 1, the threedimensional model formed using oblique photograph measurement (as shown in Figure 1), batch extracting Ground Point cloud is (such as
Shown in Fig. 2)；To avoid leak source and filter effect, it should suitably guarantee point Yun Midu, general point cloud is set to 0.5m~1m and is
Preferably.
Step 2 is filtered point cloud data；To effectively remove the noises such as vegetation and reduce data volume, to guarantee into figure
Quality is simultaneously improved into figure efficiency.
Using uniform sampling, R tree or ten fork tree filtering modes.Preferably, using minimum point filter method, within the scope of grid
Retain the smallest point of height value.It is formed and is schemed for ground, minimum point filter method is most efficient method, and basic thought is in region
Retain the smallest point of height value in range (in grid), which is generally Ground Point, Grid size can according to lineament and at
Drawing scale is configured, and such as to 1:500 topographic map at figure, Grid size is generally 2m~5m.But when dense vegetation is in blocks
When, minimum point filter method can also fail.
Step 3 carries out data interpolation to filtered point cloud data, to the point formed by oblique model shortage of data
Cloud is empty or because the region of effective surface data has not been obtained in dense vegetation, carries out data interpolation (as shown in Figure 3).
By filtered point cloud data and the measuring point number by other means acquisitions such as total station survey or GPS RTK measurement
According to being merged, to carry out data interpolation.Alternatively, in the step 3, using mode (such as manual identified earth's surface of manual intervention
Or approximate earth's surface mention point, obtains earth's surface point height by subtracting tree high level to can determine whether to set high point) to dense vegetation area
It carries out data reduction data (obtain the point cloud as close possible to earth's surface) and carries out the data and filtered point cloud data
Fusion, to carry out data interpolation.
Step 4, using obtained after data interpolation point cloud data building the triangulation network (can be used existing topographic map at
Figure tool such as CASS, CHE, LASS etc., it is proposed that use BentlyGEOPAK), the triangulation network is carried out by interactive mode excellent
Change (as shown in Figure 4).
Optimization method includes: the wherein abnormal point multilist in conjunction with the triangulation network and contour view, suppressing exception point such as vegetation point
Now the unreasonable point for " island area ", mutation such as occur is moved towards for related contour.
Step 5 requires setting contour interval according to mapping scale using the triangulation network after optimization, and forming contour map is
Topographic map (as shown in Figure 5) meets 1:500 topographic map required precision.
The embodiment of the present invention is described with above attached drawing, but the invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific
Embodiment, the above mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than limitation, those skilled in the art
Under the inspiration of the present invention, without breaking away from the scope protected by the purposes and claims of the present invention, it can also make very much
Form, within these are all belonged to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of landform drawing methods based on oblique photograph measurement threedimensional model, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the threedimensional model formed using oblique photograph measurement, batch extracting Ground Point cloud；
Step 2 is filtered point cloud data；
Step 3 carries out data interpolation to filtered point cloud data, empty to the point cloud formed by oblique model shortage of data
Hole or because dense vegetation has not been obtained the region of effective surface data, carries out data interpolation；
Step 4 constructs the triangulation network using the point cloud data obtained after data interpolation, optimizes to the triangulation network；
Step 5 requires setting contour interval according to mapping scale, forms contour map using the triangulation network after optimization.
2. the landform drawing methods as described in claim 1 based on oblique photograph measurement threedimensional model, which is characterized in that described
In step 2, using uniform sampling, R tree or ten fork tree filtering modes.
3. the landform drawing methods as described in claim 1 based on oblique photograph measurement threedimensional model, which is characterized in that described
In step 2, using minimum point filter method, the smallest point of height value is retained within the scope of grid.
4. the landform drawing methods as described in claim 1 based on oblique photograph measurement threedimensional model, which is characterized in that described
In step 3, filtered point cloud data is melted with the measuring point data obtained by total station survey or GPS RTK measurement
It closes, to carry out data interpolation.
5. the landform drawing methods as described in claim 1 based on oblique photograph measurement threedimensional model, which is characterized in that described
In step 3, data reduction data are carried out to dense vegetation area using the mode of manual intervention and by the data and filtered point
Cloud data are merged, to carry out data interpolation.
6. the landform drawing methods as described in claim 1 based on oblique photograph measurement threedimensional model, which is characterized in that described
In step 4, optimization method includes:
In conjunction with the triangulation network and contour view, suppressing exception point, wherein abnormal point is that related contour moves towards unreasonable point.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN111553977A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-18 | 辽宁科技大学 | Data processing method for three-dimensional mine modeling |
| CN115311434A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-11-08 | 深圳大学 | Tree three-dimensional reconstruction method and device based on oblique photography and laser data fusion |
| CN117216039A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2023-12-12 | 重庆市规划和自然资源信息中心 | Method for building three-dimensional base of building based on three-dimensional cadastral database |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111553977A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-18 | 辽宁科技大学 | Data processing method for three-dimensional mine modeling |
| CN111553977B (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2023-05-09 | 辽宁科技大学 | Data processing method for three-dimensional mine modeling |
| CN115311434A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-11-08 | 深圳大学 | Tree three-dimensional reconstruction method and device based on oblique photography and laser data fusion |
| CN117216039A (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2023-12-12 | 重庆市规划和自然资源信息中心 | Method for building three-dimensional base of building based on three-dimensional cadastral database |
| CN117216039B (en) * | 2023-10-31 | 2024-04-09 | 重庆市规划和自然资源信息中心 | Method for constructing three-dimensional base of building based on three-dimensional cadastral database |
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