CN109959664B - Pollution detection method and device of absolute grating ruler and readable storage medium - Google Patents
Pollution detection method and device of absolute grating ruler and readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pollution detection method of an absolute grating ruler, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the illumination intensity of each position point on the photoelectric sensor; the illumination intensity is the illumination intensity of light emitted by the light source system and irradiated to the photoelectric sensor through the grating stripes of the grating ruler to be measured; obtaining the distribution rule of light and shade stripes on the photoelectric sensor according to the illumination intensity; comparing the distribution rule of the light and dark stripes with the distribution rule of the grating stripes to obtain the error ratio of the light and dark stripes; and acquiring the pollution information of the grating ruler according to the error proportion. The pollution detection method provided by the invention can clearly and clearly know the pollution condition information of the grating ruler during the distance measurement by adopting the grating ruler, provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent distance measurement operation, and is favorable for improving the subsequent measurement precision. The invention also provides a pollution detection device of the absolute grating ruler and a computer readable storage medium, which have the beneficial effects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of grating ruler measurement, in particular to a pollution detection method and device of an absolute grating ruler and a computer readable storage medium.
Background
With the rapid development of manufacturing and automation techniques, high-precision absolute position measurement has been widely used in production. For the measurement requirement of higher precision, a grating ruler or a photoelectric encoder is generally adopted as a main measurement means. Because the grating ruler can not be completely sealed, in actual work engineering, some pollutants inevitably enter the ruler, the pollution positions, the pollutants and the pollution forms are various, and common pollutants comprise dust particles, oil stains, metal chips and the like.
Pollution is one of the important factors of failure of the grating ruler, and many grating rulers need to be maintained regularly: such as cleaning or replacement, the production efficiency is reduced; in addition, when the grating is polluted, a large position measurement error and even signal interruption can be generated, and an error measurement result can be obtained. But at present, users cannot know the pollution condition of the product in real time. The pollution can be realized only when the pollution causes signal abnormity or positioning error, but the sudden stop of production can be caused at the time, and the use cost of the product is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pollution detection method, a device and a system of an absolute grating ruler and a computer readable storage medium, which solve the problem that a user cannot obtain pollution condition information of the grating ruler, provide theoretical basis for subsequent distance measurement operation and are beneficial to improving subsequent measurement precision.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a method for detecting contamination of an absolute grating scale, comprising:
acquiring the illumination intensity of each position point on the photoelectric sensor; the illumination intensity is the illumination intensity of light emitted by the light source system and irradiated to the photoelectric sensor through the grating stripes of the grating ruler to be measured;
obtaining the distribution rule of light and shade stripes on the photoelectric sensor according to the illumination intensity;
comparing the distribution rule of the light and dark stripes with the distribution rule of the grating stripes to obtain the error ratio of the light and dark stripes;
and acquiring the pollution information of the grating ruler according to the error proportion.
Wherein, the obtaining of the pollution information of the grating ruler according to the error proportion comprises:
when the error ratio is smaller than a first preset ratio, the pollution level of the grating ruler is first-level pollution;
when the error ratio is greater than the first preset ratio and less than a second preset ratio, the pollution level of the grating ruler is a secondary pollution level;
and when the error ratio is greater than the second preset ratio, the pollution level of the grating ruler is a third-level pollution level.
After the pollution information of the grating ruler is obtained according to the error proportion, the method further comprises the following steps:
and when the pollution level of the grating ruler is first-level pollution, marking the grating stripe position corresponding to the light and shade stripe which makes a mistake so as to remove the wrong position point when the grating ruler is used for distance measurement.
After the pollution information of the grating ruler is obtained according to the error proportion, the method further comprises the following steps:
and when the pollution level of the grating ruler is secondary pollution, increasing the illumination brightness of the light source system.
After the pollution information of the grating ruler is obtained according to the error proportion, the method further comprises the following steps:
and when the pollution level of the grating ruler to be measured is three-level pollution, reducing the position resolution calibration standard for distance measurement by adopting the grating ruler, and increasing the illumination brightness of the light source system.
Before acquiring the illumination intensity of each position point on the photoelectric sensor, the method further comprises the following steps:
receiving an early warning error ratio input by a user;
after the pollution information of the grating ruler is obtained according to the error proportion, the method further comprises the following steps:
and when the error ratio reaches the early warning error ratio, sending out a warning prompt.
The early warning error rate is a first preset rate or a second preset rate.
The invention also provides a pollution detection device of the absolute grating ruler, which comprises:
the light intensity reading module is used for acquiring the illumination intensity of each position point on the photoelectric sensor; the illumination intensity is the illumination intensity of light emitted by the light source system and irradiated to the photoelectric sensor through the grating stripes of the grating ruler to be measured;
the illumination analysis module is used for obtaining the distribution rule of light and shade stripes on the photoelectric sensor according to the illumination intensity;
the contrast analysis module is used for comparing the distribution rule of the light and dark stripes with the distribution rule of the grating stripes to obtain the error ratio of the light and dark stripes;
and the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the pollution information of the grating ruler according to the error proportion.
The invention also provides a pollution detection system of the absolute grating ruler, which comprises a light source system, a photoelectric sensor, a processor and a memory;
the photoelectric sensor is used for receiving the illumination intensity of the light source system irradiating the photoelectric sensor through the grating ruler to be detected;
the memory is used for storing a computer program;
the processor is configured to execute the computer program according to the illumination intensity to implement the operation of the pollution detection method of the absolute grating ruler as described in any one of the above.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method for detecting contamination of an absolute grating scale as described in any one of the above.
According to the pollution detection method of the absolute grating ruler, the grating ruler is irradiated by the light source system and is irradiated onto the photoelectric sensor through the grating stripes, then, a plurality of pixels of the photoelectric sensor can convert light intensity signals at the current position into a plurality of voltage signals and finally restore the light intensity signals into a light and dark stripe distribution rule, and the light and dark stripe distribution rule is required to be consistent with the grating stripe distribution rule at the corresponding position on the grating under the normal condition. Therefore, the invention analyzes and obtains the light and dark stripe rule formed by the grating stripe based on the illumination intensity of each position point detected by the photoelectric sensor, and compares the light and dark stripe rule with the distribution rule of the corresponding grating stripe on the grating, if the light and dark stripe rule is inconsistent with the distribution rule of the grating stripe on the grating, the pollution of the grating ruler can be judged, and specific pollution information can be obtained according to the inconsistent proportion of the light and dark stripe and the grating stripe. The pollution detection method provided by the invention can clearly and clearly know the pollution condition information of the grating ruler during the distance measurement by adopting the grating ruler, provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent distance measurement operation, and is favorable for improving the subsequent measurement precision.
The invention also provides a pollution detection device of the absolute grating ruler and a computer readable storage medium, which have the beneficial effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments or technical solutions of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a pollution detection method for an absolute grating scale according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a symbol read by a photosensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a measurement optical path of a grating ruler according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a structure of a contamination detection apparatus of an absolute grating scale according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the disclosure, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a contamination detection method for an absolute grating scale according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method may include:
step S1: and starting the light source system to enable the light emitted by the light source system to irradiate the photoelectric sensor through the grating stripes of the grating ruler to be measured.
The grating scale is a distance measuring tool, and mainly includes light source system, grating scale engraved with light and shade stripes and photoelectric sensor, and the light source system and photoelectric sensor are respectively positioned on two sides of the grating scale. When the distance measurement is carried out, the grating stripes of the grating ruler are irradiated by the light source system, corresponding projections are formed on the photoelectric sensor, the projections change along with the movement of the grating ruler, and then the movement distance of the grating ruler can be obtained based on the change of the projections detected by the photoelectric sensor.
In this embodiment, the detection is performed by using an existing component directly based on an existing tool in the grating scale. The light source system in the grating scale is first turned on so that the surface of the photosensor can form a projection.
Step S2: and acquiring the illumination intensity of each position point on the photoelectric sensor.
A plurality of pixels are arranged on the photoelectric sensor along the measuring direction, and the light intensity distribution in a section of range corresponding to the current grating position can be obtained.
Step S3: and obtaining the distribution rule of the light and shade stripes on the photoelectric sensor according to the illumination intensity.
The illumination intensity is converted into a voltage signal in a direct proportion relation with the light intensity through photoelectric conversion, the brightness of the read grating pattern can be represented by the height of the voltage signal, the bright stripe corresponding to the current position is represented by the high voltage, and the dark stripe corresponding to the current position is represented by the low voltage.
The distribution rule of the light and dark stripes represents the coding rule on the absolute grating ruler, and each light stripe or dark stripe is a code element.
When the light and dark stripes are decoded to determine the measurement position, the current measurement position can be identified only by reading continuous N code elements, and the measurement position of the grating ruler can be positioned according to the unique distribution rule of the grating stripes corresponding to any section of continuous N code elements on the grating ruler.
For example, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of symbols read by a photosensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, a pixel of the entire photosensor can read 40 symbols (corresponding to 40 bright-dark stripe laws), if N is equal to 15, only 15 consecutive symbols are needed to determine a current measurement position, and then a total of 40 symbols can be combined into 26 sets of codes P of consecutive positions1—P26Theoretical P1＝P2-1＝P3-2＝Pn-(n-1)＝P26-25。
N depends on the length of the whole absolute code, and the longer the code length is, the larger the value of N is, because the absolute positioning can be realized only by ensuring the uniqueness of the combination of the continuous N symbols in the whole code length.
The pixels on the photoelectric sensor are arranged along the raster direction, the number of the pixels is ensured to be capable of reading N code elements, on the basis, more pixels can be added to obtain more code elements, read data are redundant, and therefore codes of multiple groups of continuous positions can be read, the codes of the continuous positions have correlation (the last position is equal to the previous position plus 1), the correctness of the data can be checked mutually when the position data are analyzed, and the anti-pollution capacity is enhanced.
Therefore, in this embodiment, it is required that the pixel points of the photoelectric sensor are required to be able to read enough data to ensure the correctness of the verification when analyzing the position data.
Step S4: and comparing the distribution rule of the light and dark stripes with the distribution rule of the grating stripes to obtain the error ratio of the light and dark stripes.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating scale measuring optical path according to an embodiment of the present invention, and in fig. 3, light emitted from the light source system 1 is emitted from grating stripes of the grating scale 2, so that the light can only be emitted from gaps of the grating stripes, and light at black stripes is blocked and finally projected on the photoelectric sensor 3.
Obviously, to obtain the distribution of the projected bright and dark stripes on the photosensor 3, the illumination intensity at each position on the entire photosensor 3 can be detected, the position with strong illumination intensity is the bright stripe, and the position with weak illumination intensity is the dark stripe.
Because during the normal use of the grating ruler 2, the distribution of the light and shade stripes on the photoelectric sensor 3 also needs to be detected to obtain the distance measuring information. The basic principle adopted for reading the distribution of the light and dark stripes on the photoelectric sensor 3 in the present embodiment is the same as that in the prior art, and is not described in detail herein.
Under normal conditions, the distribution rule of the light and dark stripes read by the photoelectric sensor should be the same as the distribution rule of the grating stripes on the grating ruler. If the grating ruler is polluted, the light transmission of the grating ruler is inevitably influenced, and the illumination intensity at the position which should be the bright stripe originally is weakened. Therefore, in this embodiment, the grating stripes and the light and dark stripes are compared, and it is confirmed that the higher the ratio of the light and dark stripes is, the higher the ratio is, the more serious the contamination is.
Step S5: and acquiring the pollution information of the grating ruler according to the error proportion.
The light and dark stripes and the grating stripes are compared one by one, so that pollution information such as position points of pollution generated on the grating ruler and error proportion of the light and dark stripes can be obtained.
According to the invention, based on the illumination intensity of each position point detected by the existing part of the grating ruler through the photoelectric sensor, the distribution rule of the light and dark stripes formed by the grating stripes is analyzed and obtained, and the distribution rule of the light and dark stripes is compared with the distribution rule of the corresponding grating stripes, if the light and dark stripes are inconsistent with the distribution rule of the corresponding grating stripes, the existence of pollution of the grating ruler can be judged, and specific pollution information can be obtained according to the inconsistent proportion. The pollution detection method provided by the invention can clearly and clearly know the pollution condition information of the grating ruler before the grating ruler is used for distance measurement each time, provides a theoretical basis for the subsequent distance measurement operation, and is favorable for improving the subsequent measurement precision.
Based on any of the foregoing embodiments, in another specific embodiment of the present invention, the step S5 may specifically include:
when the error ratio is smaller than a first preset ratio, the pollution level of the grating ruler is first-level pollution;
when the error ratio is greater than the first preset ratio and less than a second preset ratio, the pollution level of the grating ruler is a secondary pollution level;
and when the error ratio is greater than the second preset ratio, the pollution level of the grating ruler is a third-level pollution level.
It should be noted that the grating scale is used for measuring distance, and in actual measurement, the requirement of measurement accuracy varies according to actual situations. The criteria for determining whether the contamination of the grating ruler affects the measurement are different. For example, if the requirement for the accuracy of the measured distance is not high, even if the grating scale has a certain degree of pollution, the measurement result is not greatly affected, whereas if the requirement for the accuracy of the measured distance is high, even if the grating scale is not seriously polluted, the result of the measured distance may not meet the requirement.
Therefore, in the present embodiment, the contamination of the grating scale is graded according to the error ratio of the light and dark stripes to the grating stripes.
Specifically, according to the difference of pollutants and pollution degree, the pollution condition that the grating ruler receives can be divided into different pollution levels:
1) contamination grade 1: small amount of small area pollution (dust particles);
2) pollution level 2: a large amount of even pollution (oil mist or water mist);
3) contamination grade 3: monolithic large area contamination (large particle swarf);
4) contamination level 4: multiple large area contaminants (multiple contaminants mixed to a larger area).
Of course, the pollution condition of the grating ruler is specifically divided into several grades, which can be determined according to the actual needs of the user, but the invention is not limited to this.
Optionally, in another specific embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include:
and when the pollution level of the grating ruler is first-level pollution, marking the grating stripe position corresponding to the light and shade stripe which makes a mistake so as to remove the wrong position point when the grating ruler is used for distance measurement.
Because the first-level pollution means that only a small amount of pollution exists on the grating ruler, the polluted position on the grating can be definitely obtained in the process of comparing the light and shade stripes with the grating stripes. When the grating ruler is used for measuring distance analysis position data subsequently, the distance analysis position data can be used as reference, and the measurement data of the position points with pollution are removed, so that the reliability and the stability of the measurement result are ensured.
Optionally, in another specific embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include:
and when the pollution level of the grating ruler is secondary pollution, increasing the illumination brightness of the light source system so as to reduce the distance measurement influence of the pollution on the grating ruler.
The illumination intensity of the light source system is increased, the light transmittance of the position with pollution on the grating ruler is also enhanced, and the influence of the pollution on the measurement distance is further reduced.
Optionally, in another specific embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include:
and when the pollution level of the grating ruler to be measured is three-level pollution, reducing the analysis position calibration standard of grating ruler distance measurement and enhancing and increasing the illumination brightness of the light source system.
If the pollution level of the grating ruler reaches three levels of pollution, the pollution condition of the grating ruler is relatively serious, and if the calibration standard of the measurement result is too high during distance measurement, the measurement result can be directly unavailable, so that the calibration standard can be properly reduced.
Optionally, in another specific embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include: before step S2, the method further includes:
receiving an early warning error ratio input by a user;
and after the error ratio is obtained, when the error ratio reaches the early warning error ratio, sending out a warning prompt.
As mentioned above, when the grating ruler is used to perform different distance measurements, the accuracy required for each measurement is different, and the degree of influence of the contamination level on the measurement result is different. A user can set an early warning error proportion according to the measurement requirement, and when the error proportion of the bright and dark stripes relative to the grating stripes reaches the early warning error proportion, an alarm can be sent out to remind the user of cleaning the grating ruler in time so as to avoid influencing the subsequent measurement.
Alternatively, the pre-warning error rate selected by the user may be directly selected according to the pollution level division.
For example, when a user needs to perform distance measurement, the requirement on measurement accuracy is high, the user can select the pollution level allowed by measurement to be within a first-level pollution range, the user can directly select the first error proportion to be the preset error proportion, and an alarm can be given as long as the error proportion reaches the second pollution level; if the requirement on the measurement precision is not very high, the user can correspondingly select the second error proportion as the preset error proportion, and the alarm is given only when the error proportion reaches the third pollution level.
Similarly, in the practical application process, the pollution level is not limited to be divided into three levels, and four or even five pollution levels can be divided according to the practical requirement, which is not limited in the present invention. The user can input the allowable pollution level range of the measurement precision according to the actual requirement.
The contamination detection device of the absolute grating scale provided in the embodiment of the present invention is introduced below, and the contamination detection device of the absolute grating scale described below and the contamination detection method of the absolute grating scale described above may be referred to in a corresponding manner.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a contamination detection apparatus of an absolute grating scale according to an embodiment of the present invention, and referring to the contamination detection apparatus of the absolute grating scale in fig. 4, the contamination detection apparatus of the absolute grating scale may include:
the light intensity reading module 100 is used for acquiring the illumination intensity of each position point on the photoelectric sensor; the illumination intensity is the illumination intensity of light emitted by the light source system and irradiated to the photoelectric sensor through the grating stripes of the grating ruler to be measured;
the illumination analysis module 200 is used for obtaining the distribution rule of light and dark stripes on the photoelectric sensor according to the illumination intensity;
the contrast analysis module 300 is configured to compare the distribution rule of the light and dark stripes with the distribution rule of the grating stripes to obtain an error ratio of the light and dark stripes;
and an information obtaining module 400, configured to obtain pollution information of the grating ruler according to the error proportion.
Optionally, in another specific embodiment of the present invention, the information obtaining module 400 is specifically configured to determine that the pollution level of the grating scale is first-level pollution when the error ratio is smaller than a first preset ratio; when the error ratio is greater than the first preset ratio and less than a second preset ratio, the pollution level of the grating ruler is a secondary pollution level; and when the error ratio is greater than the second preset ratio, the pollution level of the grating ruler is a third-level pollution level.
Optionally, in another specific embodiment of the present invention, the system may further include a pollution processing module, specifically configured to mark, when the pollution level of the grating scale is first-level pollution, a position of the grating scale corresponding to a faulty light and dark stripe, so as to remove a faulty position point when the grating scale is used for distance measurement. And during subsequent ranging, clearly obtaining the polluted position on the grating, and rejecting the position data when analyzing the position data so as to ensure the reliability and stability of the system.
And the pollution processing module is also used for increasing the irradiation brightness of the light source system when the pollution level of the grating ruler is secondary pollution so as to reduce the distance measurement influence of the pollution on the grating ruler.
And the pollution processing module is also used for reducing the calibration standard of the grating ruler for distance measurement and enhancing and increasing the illumination brightness of the light source system when the pollution level of the grating ruler to be measured is three-level pollution.
Optionally, in another specific embodiment of the present invention, the method may further include:
and the alarm module is used for sending out an alarm prompt when the error proportion reaches the early warning error proportion.
The pollution detection device of the absolute grating scale of the present embodiment is used for implementing the pollution detection method of the absolute grating scale, and therefore, the specific implementation manner of the pollution detection device of the absolute grating scale can be seen in the foregoing embodiments of the pollution detection method of the absolute grating scale, for example, the light intensity reading module 100 is used for implementing steps S1 and S2 in the pollution detection method of the absolute grating scale; the illumination analysis module 200 is configured to implement step S3 in the method for detecting contamination with an absolute grating scale; the comparison analysis module 300 is configured to implement step S4 in the method for detecting contamination with an absolute grating scale; the information obtaining module 400 is configured to implement step S5 in the method for detecting contamination of an absolute grating scale, so that the detailed description thereof may refer to descriptions of corresponding embodiments of various parts, which are not described herein again.
The present invention also provides a contamination detection system for an absolute grating scale, which can specifically refer to fig. 3, and includes: a light source system 1, a photoelectric sensor 3, a processor and a memory;
the photoelectric sensor 3 is used for receiving the illumination intensity of the light source system 1 irradiating the photoelectric sensor 3 through the grating ruler 2 to be measured;
the memory is used for storing a computer program;
the processor is configured to execute the computer program according to the illumination intensity to implement the operation of the pollution detection method of the absolute grating ruler 2 according to any of the above embodiments.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, implements the steps of the contamination detection method for an absolute grating scale according to any of the above embodiments.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
Claims (5)
1. A pollution detection method of an absolute grating ruler is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the illumination intensity of each position point on the photoelectric sensor; the illumination intensity is the illumination intensity of light emitted by the light source system and irradiated to the photoelectric sensor through the grating stripes of the grating ruler to be measured;
obtaining the distribution rule of light and shade stripes on the photoelectric sensor according to the illumination intensity;
comparing the distribution rule of the light and dark stripes with the distribution rule of the grating stripes to obtain the error ratio of the light and dark stripes;
acquiring pollution information of the grating ruler according to the error proportion;
the obtaining of the pollution information of the grating ruler according to the error proportion comprises:
when the error ratio is smaller than a first preset ratio, the pollution level of the grating ruler is first-level pollution;
when the error ratio is greater than the first preset ratio and less than a second preset ratio, the pollution level of the grating ruler is a secondary pollution level;
when the error ratio is greater than the second preset ratio, the pollution level of the grating ruler is a third-level pollution level;
before acquiring the illumination intensity of each position point on the photoelectric sensor, the method further comprises the following steps:
receiving an early warning error ratio input by a user;
after the pollution information of the grating ruler is obtained according to the error proportion, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the error ratio reaches the early warning error ratio, an alarm prompt is sent out;
after the pollution information of the grating ruler is obtained according to the error proportion, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the pollution level of the grating ruler is first-level pollution, marking the grating stripe position corresponding to the wrong light and shade stripe so as to remove wrong position points when the grating ruler is used for distance measurement;
after the pollution information of the grating ruler is obtained according to the error proportion, the method further comprises the following steps:
when the pollution level of the grating ruler is secondary pollution, the illumination brightness of the light source system is increased;
after the pollution information of the grating ruler is obtained according to the error proportion, the method further comprises the following steps:
and when the pollution level of the grating ruler to be measured is three-level pollution, reducing the position resolution calibration standard for distance measurement by adopting the grating ruler, and increasing the illumination brightness of the light source system.
2. The contamination detection method according to claim 1, wherein the early warning error rate is the first predetermined rate or the second predetermined rate.
3. A pollution detection device of an absolute grating scale is characterized by comprising:
the light intensity reading module is used for acquiring the illumination intensity of each position point on the photoelectric sensor; the illumination intensity is the illumination intensity of light emitted by the light source system and irradiated to the photoelectric sensor through the grating stripes of the grating ruler to be measured;
the illumination analysis module is used for obtaining the distribution rule of light and shade stripes on the photoelectric sensor according to the illumination intensity;
the contrast analysis module is used for comparing the distribution rule of the light and dark stripes with the distribution rule of the grating stripes to obtain the error ratio of the light and dark stripes;
the information acquisition module is used for acquiring the pollution information of the grating ruler according to the error proportion;
the information acquisition module is further used for determining the pollution level of the grating ruler to be first-level pollution when the error proportion is smaller than a first preset proportion; when the error ratio is greater than the first preset ratio and less than a second preset ratio, the pollution level of the grating ruler is a secondary pollution level; when the error ratio is greater than the second preset ratio, the pollution level of the grating ruler is a third-level pollution level;
the system also comprises an alarm module which is used for receiving the early warning error ratio input by a user before the illumination intensity of each position point on the photoelectric sensor is obtained; after the pollution information of the grating ruler is obtained according to the error proportion, when the error proportion reaches the early warning error proportion, an alarm prompt is sent out;
the device also comprises a pollution processing module, a data processing module and a data processing module, wherein the pollution processing module is used for marking the grating stripe position corresponding to the wrong light and dark stripe when the pollution level of the grating ruler is first-level pollution so as to remove the wrong position point when the grating ruler is used for measuring distance; when the pollution level of the grating ruler is secondary pollution, the illumination brightness of the light source system is increased; and when the pollution level of the grating ruler to be measured is three-level pollution, reducing the position resolution calibration standard for distance measurement by adopting the grating ruler, and increasing the illumination brightness of the light source system.
4. The pollution detection system of the absolute grating ruler is characterized by comprising a light source system, a photoelectric sensor, a processor and a memory;
the photoelectric sensor is used for receiving the illumination intensity of the light source system irradiating the photoelectric sensor through the grating ruler to be measured;
the memory is used for storing a computer program;
the processor is configured to execute the computer program according to the illumination intensity to implement the operation of the pollution detection method of the absolute grating ruler according to claim 1 or 2.
5. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium has stored thereon a computer program which, when being executed by a processor, realizes the steps of the contamination detection method for an absolute grating scale according to claim 1 or 2.
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