CN109956724A - A kind of novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material and its preparation and application - Google Patents
A kind of novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material and its preparation and application Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00181—Mixtures specially adapted for three-dimensional printing (3DP), stereo-lithography or prototyping
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material and its preparation and application.According to parts by weight, the composition and content of cement-base composite material are respectively as follows: fast rigid 3.2-5.6 parts of sulphate aluminium cement to the composite material；0.85-1.25 parts of flyash；0.25-0.45 parts of silicon ash；0.08-0.12 parts of agstone；0.75-0.85 parts of haydite；5.1-6.3 parts of sand；The average grain diameter of the haydite is 5-10mm；2.6-2.8 parts of water；0.045-0.055 parts of water-reducing agent；Length is 0.005-0.007 parts of PVA fiber of 7-10mm；Length is 0.005-0.007 parts of basalt fibre of 11-14mm；Viscosity is 0.04-0.06 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000-7 ten thousand.The present invention prepares cement-base composite material as part sand material using haydite, and printing performance is high, intensity is high, at low cost, is conducive to the practical engineering application for pushing 3D printing cement-base composite material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cement base technical field, specifically a kind of novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material and its system
Standby and application method.
Background technique
3D printing is that the manufacturing technology of designed three-dimensional objects is manufactured by successively increasing material, combines number and builds
The cutting edge technology of the numerous areas such as mould technology, Electromechanical Control technology, information technology, material science and chemistry is known as " third time
The core of the industrial revolution ".Design liberalization that 3D printing cement base technology also has by it, build flexibility, speed of application it is fast,
Many advantages, such as cost of labor is low, high degree of automation, small environmental pollution and receive extensive attention and promote.
However, at present for can 3D printing cement-based material type report it is still few, and 3D printing cement-based material
Use needs and the running parameter of 3D printer it is mutually harmonious.It can be beaten using obsolete material, Ke Xunhuanliyong material preparation
The cement-based material of print can be to give full play to 3D printing to reduce the advantage in building cost, be conducive to improve its environmental benefit.
Ceramicite cement based composites are a kind of light-weight aggregate cement-based materials, with intensity is high, bulk density is small, is become by temperature
Change many advantages, such as not easy to crack, self-constriction is small, and freeze-thaw resistance is good.Currently, being mainly used for thermal insulation material and non bearing structure, such as
Application No. is the Chinese patents of 201810363638.X to disclose a kind of preparation method of ceramicite cement base, has compression strength excellent
Different, the small advantage of water imbibition has broad prospects in building material technology industry development, but there has been no by haydite water at present
The report that cement-based material and 3D printing technique combine.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to propose a kind of novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material and its side of making and using
Method.The cement-based material prepares cement-based material as part sand material using haydite, and printing performance is high, intensity is high, at low cost,
Be conducive to push the practical engineering application of 3D printing cement base.Raw material are added in two portions the preparation method, are added every time equal
It include the raw material of powdery type, fine sand class and fiber-like, this ensure that the uniform mix of raw material.Thereafter, water and addition
Agent is also added in two portions, reduce cement base unite, pilling the phenomenon that, improve the workability of cement base, obtain can be used in soil
3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material is used in Wood construction engineering.Institute is printed within the scope of the parameters that application method limits
The cement base of preparation, it is ensured that the smooth and 3D printing cement-based material structural stability of print procedure.
The present invention solve the technical problem the technical solution adopted is that:
A kind of novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material, according to parts by weight, the composition of cement-base composite material and
Content is respectively as follows:
Fast 3.2-5.6 parts of sulphate aluminium cement of hardness；
0.85-1.25 parts of flyash；
0.25-0.45 parts of silicon ash；
0.08-0.12 parts of agstone；
5.1-6.3 parts of sand；
0.75-0.85 parts of haydite, the average grain diameter of the haydite is 5-10mm；
2.6-2.8 parts of water；
0.045-0.055 parts of water-reducing agent；
Length is 0.005-0.007 parts of PVA fiber of 7-10mm；
Length is 0.005-0.007 parts of basalt fibre of 11-14mm；
Viscosity is 0.04-0.06 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000-7 ten thousand.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material, which includes following step
It is rapid:
(1) according to parts by weight, above-mentioned raw materials are divided into four groups, first group is fast rigid sulphate aluminium cement 3.2-5.6
Part, 0.85-1.25 parts of flyash, 7.1-7.3 parts of natural sand and 0.005-0.007 parts of PVA fiber, second group is silicon ash 0.75-
0.85 part, 0.08-0.12 parts of agstone, 4.7-4.9 parts of haydite and 0.005-0.007 parts of basalt fibre, third group are water
1.3-1.4 parts and water-reducing agent 0.04-0.06 parts, the 4th group of water and 0.045-0.065 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl fiber for surplus
Element；
(2) first group or second group of raw material is sent into planetary stirring machine simultaneously to be mixed, until being thoroughly mixed
Uniformly, then corresponding again to be added to second group or first group of raw material in the above-mentioned mixture being uniformly mixed simultaneously, into
Row is mixed, until being mixed thoroughly；
(3) third group and the 4th group of raw material are first uniformly mixed respectively, are then respectively added to mixed material
In the end of a period mixture that step (2) obtains, 90-180s is stirred respectively to get the cement base is arrived.
A kind of application method of above-mentioned novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material, which is: matching above-mentioned
The cement base pumping of side or machinery are delivered in the printing head of 3D printer, time of repose 30-40min, the time of repose
Refer to the time since being prepared to printing cement base, setting printing head discharge area is 180~200mm2, squeeze
Speed is 0.3-0.4m out3/ h, horizontal direction print speed are 250-290m/h, are vertically 0.7-0.9m/h, spray to print speed
Head printing height is 20-32mm, is then printed.
Compared with existing ceramicite cement sill, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material provided by the invention, by 3D printing in conjunction with haydite concrete,
The mobility of material, coagulability, extrudability, constructiveness is fine, improves production efficiency, is largely reduced using haydite
The destruction to environment and ecology is generated because using natural sand stone, reduces the price of 3D printing cement-based material；
2) mixing incorporation PVA and basalt fibre on the one hand effectively inhibit because surface moisture evaporation due to generate contraction,
On the other hand phenomena such as cracking, substantially increases the mechanical strength and ductility of cement-based material；
3) use of viscosity modifier reduces the layering effect of print structure, improves the globality of print structure.This
The advantages of invention, is used for haydite in the preparation of 3D printing cement base, with the substitution conventional cement base preparation of copper haydite part
Natural sand in the middle can obtain good cost and environmental benefit, reduce the use of river sand, protection riverbed and reduction water and soil stream
It loses.The concrete of preparation has the characteristics that light-weight, intensity is high, good weatherability, thermal and insulating performance are good, can satisfy construction industry
To the requirement of haydite concrete performance indicator, there is good prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the cement base of embodiment 1 carries out the effect picture of extrudability evaluation test.
Fig. 2 is that the cement base of embodiment 1 carries out the effect picture of constructiveness evaluation test.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is explained further below with reference to examples and drawings, but is not protected in this, as to the claim of this application
Protect the restriction of range.
A kind of novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material of the present invention, according to parts by weight, the composition of cement-based material
It is respectively as follows: with content
Fast 3.2-5.6 parts of sulphate aluminium cement of hardness；
0.85-1.25 parts of flyash；
0.25-0.45 parts of silicon ash；
0.08-0.12 parts of agstone；
5.1-6.3 parts of sand；
0.75-0.85 parts of haydite, the average grain diameter of the haydite is 5-10mm；
2.6-2.8 parts of water；
0.045-0.055 parts of water-reducing agent；
Length is 0.005-0.007 parts of PVA fiber of 7-10mm；
Length is 0.005-0.007 parts of basalt fibre of 11-14mm；
Viscosity is 0.04-0.06 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000-7 ten thousand.
The specific surface area of the fast rigid sulphate aluminium cement is 450m2/ kg, density 3.43g/cm3, normal consistency use
Water is 25.9%, presetting period 40min, final setting time 70min, calcium oxide content 48.2%, and sulphur aluminium ratio is 3.5,
Basicity factor is that 0.9,3 days flexural strengths are 7.2MPa, and 3 days compression strength is 53MPa.The use of fast hydraulic cement is to make
Cement base obtains higher getting up early intensity, is conducive to the constructiveness for improving cement base.
The loss on ignition of the flyash is 7.1%, moisture content 0.1%, calcium oxide content 3.7%, and water demand ratio is
104%, fineness is that 45 μm of square hole screens tail over 17.5%.
The density of the silicon ash is 2.3g/cm3, specific surface area is 25~29m2/g；The partial size of the haydite is 5-10mm,
Density is 0.46g/cm3, bulk density 0.29g/cm3, the sand is 387.5 μm of average grain diameter, specific surface area 0.101m2/
The natural sand of g；The water-reducing agent is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, and water-reducing rate is greater than 30%, solid content 36.5%.
The partial size of the agstone is 0.2-25 μm, density 0.46g/cm3, bulk density 0.29g/cm3, resistance to compression
Intensity is 41.37MPa, floatability 96%, and agstone can play the effect of its lubrication, and the extrudability of cement base can be improved.
The length of the PVA fiber is 9mm, and diameter is 50 μm, density 0.9g/cm3, tensile strength 4MPa, elasticity
Modulus is 3-8GPa；
The length of the basalt fibre is 12mm, tensile strength 3300-4500MPa, elasticity modulus 95-
115GPa, elongation at break 2.4-3.0%；The addition of two kinds of fibers (PVA fiber and basalt fibre) on the one hand reduces water
The cracking that mud base early stage is formed by moisture evaporation, while the fracture toughness of cement base after hardening can be improved.
The hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) is a kind of viscosity modifier, and preferred viscosities specification is 50,000 viscosity, viscosity
The use of modifying agent can improve the section cohesive force of 3D printing structure between layers, to improve the entirety of 3D printing structure
Property.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material, comprising the following steps:
(1) according to parts by weight, above-mentioned raw materials are divided into four groups, first group is fast rigid sulphate aluminium cement 3.2-5.6
Part, 0.85-1.25 parts of flyash, 7.1-7.3 parts of natural sand and 0.005-0.007 parts of PVA fiber, second group is silicon ash 0.75-
0.85 part, 0.08-0.12 parts of agstone, 4.7-4.9 parts of haydite and 0.005-0.007 parts of basalt fibre, third group are water
1.3-1.4 parts and water-reducing agent 0.04-0.06 parts, the 4th group of water and 0.045-0.065 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl fiber for surplus
Element；
(2) first group or second group of raw material is sent into planetary stirring machine simultaneously to be mixed, until being thoroughly mixed
Uniformly, then corresponding again to be added to second group or first group of raw material in the above-mentioned mixture being uniformly mixed simultaneously, into
Row is mixed, until being mixed thoroughly；
(3) third group and the 4th group of raw material are first uniformly mixed respectively, are then respectively added to mixed material
In the end of a period mixture that step (2) obtains, 90-180s is stirred respectively to get the cement base is arrived.
Powder, sand and fiber are divided into two groups in preparation method of the present invention successively to be mixed, then again add each
It is separately added into again after adding agent to mix with part water, the mixing uniformity of cement base can be improved, and powder and fiber are launched in two times
The dispersibility of fiber can be improved, reduces the phenomenon that fiber is united, water, which is added in two portions, can reduce the agglomerating phenomenon of pilling.The system
First group and second group of addition sequence does not require in Preparation Method, and third group and the 4th group of addition sequence do not require, and protects
Card can be sufficiently mixed.
The above-mentioned novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material application method of one kind is: the cement base of above-mentioned formula is pumped
Or machinery is delivered in the printing head of 3D printer, time of repose 30-40min, the time of repose refers to from cement base system
It gets ready and prints the time between starting, setting printing head discharge area is 180~200mm2, extruded velocity 0.3-
0.4m3/ h, horizontal direction print speed are 250-290m/h, are vertically 0.7-0.9m/h to print speed, nozzle printing height is
Then 20-32mm is printed.
The cement base obtained according to formula provided by the present invention and preparation method is printed, to the structure after printing
Body carries out correlated performance test, i.e. fluidity evaluating, constructiveness evaluation, compression strength evaluation and bending strength evaluation, after tested
It can guarantee going on smoothly for print procedure under the premise of meeting proposed printing and requiring using cement base of the present invention, and print
Resulting structures body is stablized solid afterwards.
Embodiment 1
The novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material of the present embodiment, according to parts by weight, the composition and content of cement base
It is respectively as follows:
Fast 3.2 parts of sulphate aluminium cement of hardness；
0.85 part of flyash；
0.25 part of silicon ash；
0.08 part of agstone；
5.1 parts of sand；
0.75 part of haydite, the average grain diameter of the haydite is 5-10mm；
2.6 parts of water；
0.045 part of water-reducing agent；
Length is 0.005 part of PVA fiber of 7-10mm；
Length is 0.005 part of basalt fibre of 11-14mm；
Viscosity is 0.04 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000-7 ten thousand.
The specific surface area of the fast rigid sulphate aluminium cement is 450m2/ kg, density 3.43g/cm3, normal consistency use
Water is 25.9%, presetting period 40min, final setting time 70min, calcium oxide content 48.2%, and sulphur aluminium ratio is 3.5,
Basicity factor is that 0.9,3 days flexural strengths are 7.2MPa, and 3 days compression strength is 53MPa.The use of fast hydraulic cement is to make
Cement base obtains higher getting up early intensity, is conducive to the constructiveness for improving cement base.
The loss on ignition of the flyash is 7.1%, moisture content 0.1%, calcium oxide content 3.7%, and water demand ratio is
104%, fineness is that 45 μm of square hole screens tail over 17.5%.
The density of the silicon ash is 2.3g/cm3, specific surface area is 25~29m2/g；The partial size of the haydite is 5-10mm,
Density is 0.46g/cm3, bulk density 0.29g/cm3, the sand is 387.5 μm of average grain diameter, specific surface area 0.101m2/
The natural sand of g；The water-reducing agent is poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, and water-reducing rate is greater than 30%, solid content 36.5%.
The partial size of the agstone is 0.2-25 μm, density 0.46g/cm3, bulk density 0.29g/cm3, resistance to compression
Intensity is 41.37MPa, floatability 96%, and agstone can play the effect of its lubrication, and the extrudability of cement base can be improved.
The length of the PVA fiber is 9mm, and diameter is 50 μm, density 0.9g/cm3, tensile strength 4MPa, elasticity
Modulus is 3-8GPa；
The length of the basalt fibre is 12mm, tensile strength 3300-4500MPa, elasticity modulus 95-
115GPa, elongation at break 2.4-3.0%；The addition of two kinds of fibers (PVA fiber and basalt fibre) on the one hand reduces water
The cracking that mud base early stage is formed by moisture evaporation, while the fracture toughness of cement base after hardening can be improved.
The hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) is a kind of viscosity modifier, and preferred viscosities specification is 50,000 viscosity, viscosity
The use of modifying agent can improve the section cohesive force of 3D printing structure between layers, to improve the entirety of 3D printing structure
Property.
The preparation method of the novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material of the present embodiment the following steps are included:
(1) according to parts by weight, above-mentioned raw materials are divided into four groups, first group is fast rigid 3.2 parts of sulphate aluminium cement, powder
0.85 part of coal ash, 7.1-7.3 parts of natural sand and 0.005 part of PVA fiber, second group for 0.75 part of silicon ash, 0.08 part of agstone,
4.7 parts of haydite and 0.005 part of basalt fibre, third group are 1.3 parts and 0.04 part of water-reducing agent of water, the 4th group for surplus water and
0.045 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose；
(2) first group or second group of raw material is sent into planetary stirring machine simultaneously to be mixed, until being thoroughly mixed
Uniformly, then corresponding again to be added to second group or first group of raw material in the above-mentioned mixture being uniformly mixed simultaneously, into
Row is mixed, until being mixed thoroughly；
(3) third group and the 4th group of raw material are first uniformly mixed respectively, are then respectively added to mixed material
In the end of a period mixture that step (2) obtains, 90-180s is stirred respectively to get the cement base is arrived.
3D printing is carried out using the novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material of the present embodiment, detailed process is: will be above-mentioned
The cement-based material of formula is pumped in the printing head of 3D printer, time of repose 30min, and printing head outlet is arranged
Product is 8 × 24mm2, extruded velocity 0.3m3/ h, horizontal direction print speed are 260m/h, are vertically 0.75m/h to print speed,
Nozzle printing height is 24mm；It is printed according to the above print parameters, obtains print structure body.Print procedure is well on,
And the globality of institute's print structure is preferable, stability is preferable.
Cement-based material and the above-mentioned structural body printed to the present embodiment carry out correlated performance test:
Fluidity evaluating:
Referring to national standard " Test method for fluidity of cement mortar " (GB_T2419-2005), " premixing cement base "
(GBT14902-2012) and " common cement-base mixture method for testing performance standard " (GB/T 50080-2016 current standard) "
Test the mobility of the present embodiment cement base, test result are as follows: slump 70-88mm, flowing divergence are 200-210mm, V
The type funnel flow time is 20-25s.
Extrudability evaluation:
The extrudability ability for referring to material and being exported by setting, if can be extruded under conditions of small outlet,
That changes the spray head of big mouth into, naturally also can successfully be extruded, and selects beating for small outlet 8mm × 8mm in extrudability evaluation
Print spray head is tested.The present embodiment cement base is printing head size 8mm × 8mm in the print parameters of 3D printer, is squeezed out
Speed is 5.4L/min, and horizontal print speed is 270m/h, under conditions of nozzle printing height 24mm can constantly, continuously,
Print length is the filament of 200mm, and is occurred without interrupting and blocking, as shown in Figure 1.
Constructiveness evaluation:
Constructiveness characterization is that material has been stacked certain height without the ability of collapsing, preferred dimension 8mm
The printing head of × 24mm is printed, and material stacking is made, and carrying out constructiveness evaluation, (constructiveness refers to printed material in Vertical Square
To the ability or property of accumulation, too small spout can not carry out constructional evaluation test).The present embodiment cement-based material,
It is printing head size 8mm × 24mm, extruded velocity 5.4L/min in the print parameters of 3D printer, horizontal print speed is
Under conditions of 270m/min, vertical print speed 1.3cm/min, nozzle printing height 24mm, 42 layers of vertical printing is without interruption, nothing
It collapses, the depth-width ratio of resulting structures body is 10:1, and the vertical deformation of every printable layer is only 0.59%, as shown in Fig. 2, illustrating this reality
It applies a cement-based material and shows excellent constructiveness and structural stability.
Early stage stiffness estimation:
Referring to national standard " common cement-base mixture method for testing performance standard " (GB/T50080-2002) to this reality
It applies a cement base and carries out early stage rigidity test.Test result are as follows: penetration resistance is 20-25kPa when age is 30min, when 60min
Penetration resistance is 30-35kPa, and penetration resistance is 40-45kPa when 90min, and penetration resistance is 90-110kPa within 3 hours, is passed through within 6 hours
Entering resistance is 180-220kPa, and penetration resistance is up to 0.7MPa within 8 hours.
Compression strength evaluation:
Referring to " common cement-base mechanical test method standard " (GB/T50081-2002) to the present embodiment cement base
Carry out intensity test.Test result are as follows: compression strength is 36MPa when age is 3 days, and compression strength is when age is 14 days
49.6MPa, compression strength is 54.6MPa when age is 28 days.
Bending strength evaluation:
Referring to " common cement-base mechanical test method standard " (GB/T50081-2002) to the present embodiment cement base
Carry out bending strength test.Test result are as follows: 7 days bending strengths are up to 7.8MPa, mid-span deflection 0.31mm.
The present embodiment cement base be can be seen that from above-mentioned test result in the Parameter Conditions of the 3D printer of setting
Under, can by continuously (flowability problem), (extrudability problem, the attached drawing 1) that does not block, can vertical heap come and
Do not collapse (constructiveness problem, attached drawing 2) be printed as a structural body, and this structural body of printing shaping is after the hardening
With enough compression strength and bending strength.Mobility, extrudability, constructiveness, compression strength and the bending resistance of the cement base
Intensity is preferable.
Embodiment 2
The novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material of the present embodiment, according to parts by weight, the composition and content of cement base
It is respectively as follows:
Fast 3.8 parts of sulphate aluminium cement of hardness；
0.86 part of flyash；
0.3 part of silicon ash；
0.1 part of agstone；
5.2 parts of sand；
0.8 part of haydite, the average grain diameter of the haydite is 5-10mm；
2.7 parts of water；
0.05 part of water-reducing agent；
Length is 0.007 part of PVA fiber of 7-10mm；
Length is 0.01 part of basalt fibre of 11-14mm；
Viscosity is 0.06 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000-7 ten thousand.
The preparation method of the novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material of the present embodiment the following steps are included:
(1) according to parts by weight, above-mentioned raw materials are divided into four groups, first group is fast rigid 3.8 parts of sulphate aluminium cement, powder
0.86 part of coal ash, 5.2 parts of natural sand and 0.007 part of PVA fiber, second group is 0.3 part of silicon ash, 0.1 part of agstone, haydite
0.8 part and 0.01 part of basalt fibre, third group is 2.7 parts and 0.05 part of water-reducing agent of water, the 4th group of water and 0.06 for surplus
The hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of part；
(2) first group or second group of raw material is sent into planetary stirring machine simultaneously to be mixed, until being thoroughly mixed
Uniformly, then corresponding again to be added to second group or first group of raw material in the above-mentioned mixture being uniformly mixed simultaneously, into
Row is mixed, until being mixed thoroughly；
(3) third group and the 4th group of raw material are first uniformly mixed respectively, are then respectively added to mixed material
In the end of a period mixture that step (2) obtains, 100s is stirred respectively to get the cement base is arrived.
3D printing is carried out using the novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material of the present embodiment, detailed process is: will be above-mentioned
The cement-based material of formula is pumped in the printing head of 3D printer, time of repose 30min, and printing head outlet is arranged
Product is 8 × 24mm2, extruded velocity 0.3m3/ h, horizontal direction print speed are 260m/h, are vertically 0.75m/h to print speed,
Nozzle printing height is 24mm；It is printed according to the above print parameters, obtains print structure body.Print procedure is well on,
And the globality of institute's print structure is preferable, stability is preferable.
Embodiment 3
The novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material of the present embodiment, according to parts by weight, the composition and content of cement base
It is respectively as follows:
Fast 4.0 parts of sulphate aluminium cement of hardness；
0.9 part of flyash；
0.35 part of silicon ash；
0.1 part of agstone；
5 parts of sand；
0.8 part of haydite, the average grain diameter of the haydite is 5-10mm；
2.6 parts of water；
0.05 part of water-reducing agent；
Length is 0.007 part of PVA fiber of 7-10mm；
Length is 0.01 part of basalt fibre of 11-14mm；
Viscosity is 0.06 part of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000-7 ten thousand.
The preparation method is the same as that of Example 1 for the present embodiment cement base, and the resulting cement-based material of the present embodiment is stood 40min
It is transported to the printing head of printer afterwards, 8 × 24mm of spray outlet sectional area2, extruded velocity 0.4m3/ h, horizontal direction printing speed
290m/h is spent, vertically to print speed 0.9m/h, nozzle printing height 20mm.According to the above setting of printing parameter, print procedure
It is well on, and the globality of institute's print structure is preferable, stability is preferable.
Embodiment 4
The composition and preparation method of the present embodiment cement-based material, print parameters are with embodiment 1, the difference is that this reality
Applying hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose in example is 0.045 part.
Comparative example 1
Except 6.0 parts of natural sand, especially, other material categories, are stirred mode and printing at additive amount to haydite 6.0
Parameter is same as Example 1.Test result is shown: print procedure can be well on, but because cement-based material is more liquid,
The structure of printing is tilted so that being collapsed, and structure can not form.The substitution amount of natural sand is 50% in the comparative example, into
28 days intensity tests of row, compression strength 44.1MPa, much smaller than the compression strength of embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Except the time of repose after the completion of stirring cement-based material is adjusted to 45min, other material categories, additive amount,
Preparation method and print parameters are same as Example 2.Test result is shown: since time of repose is too long, cement-based material
The phenomenon that being converted into moulding state by fluidised form, often interrupting when squeezing out from printing head, print procedure can not be successfully progress.
Comparative example 3
Except 0.01 part of PVA fiber, basalt fibre 0.01 especially, other material categories, additive amount, preparation method and
Print parameters are same as Example 3.Test result is shown: since the incorporation of fiber is larger, being led in cement base mixture
There is phenomenon of uniting in fiber, thus in print procedure, occurs the phenomenon that blocking at spray head, print procedure can not be successfully into
Row.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material, according to parts by weight, the composition of cement-base composite material and contain
Amount is respectively as follows:
Fast 3.2-5.6 parts of sulphate aluminium cement of hardness；
0.85-1.25 parts of flyash；
0.25-0.45 parts of silicon ash；
0.08-0.12 parts of agstone；
5.1-6.3 parts of sand；
0.75-0.85 parts of haydite, the average grain diameter of the haydite is 5-10mm；
2.6-2.8 parts of water；
0.045-0.055 parts of water-reducing agent；
Length is 0.005-0.007 parts of PVA fiber of 7-10mm；
Length is 0.005-0.007 parts of basalt fibre of 11-14mm；
Viscosity is 0.04-0.06 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose of 20,000-7 ten thousand.
2. novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fast rigid sulphur
The specific surface area of aluminate cement is 450m2/ kg, density 3.43g/cm3, consumptive use of water normal consistence 25.9%, the presetting period
For 40min, final setting time 70min, calcium oxide content 48.2%, sulphur aluminium ratio is 3.5,0.9,3 days anti-foldings of basicity factor
Intensity is 7.2MPa, and 3 days compression strength is 53MPa.
3. novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the flyash
Loss on ignition is 7.1%, moisture content 0.1%, calcium oxide content 3.7%, water demand ratio 104%, and fineness is 45 μm of square holes
Tail over 17.5%.
4. novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the silicon ash it is close
Degree is 2.3g/cm3, specific surface area is 25~29m2/g；The partial size of the haydite is 5-10mm, density 0.46g/cm3, accumulation
Density is 0.29g/cm3, the sand is 387.5 μm of average grain diameter, specific surface area 0.101m2The natural sand of/g；The water-reducing agent
For poly carboxylic acid series water reducer, water-reducing rate is greater than 30%, solid content 36.5%.
5. novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the haydite is copper
Haydite, iron haydite and golden haydite.
6. a kind of preparation method of any novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material of claim 1-5, the preparation
Method the following steps are included:
(1) according to parts by weight, above-mentioned raw materials are divided into four groups, fast hardness 3.2-5.6 parts of sulphate aluminium cement, flyash
1.35-1.45 parts, 7.1-7.3 parts of natural sand and 0.005-0.007 parts of PVA fiber, second group for silicon ash 0.75-0.85 part, make pottery
Grain 0.75-0.85 parts, 0.005-0.007 parts of basalt fibre, third group are water 1.3-1.4 parts and water-reducing agent 0.04-0.06 parts,
The 4th group of water and 0.045-0.065 parts of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose for surplus；
(2) first group or second group of raw material horizontal type blender is sent into simultaneously to be mixed, until be mixed thoroughly,
Then corresponding again to be added to second group or first group of raw material in the above-mentioned mixture being uniformly mixed simultaneously, it is mixed
Stirring, until being mixed thoroughly；
(3) third group and the 4th group of raw material are first uniformly mixed respectively, mixed material is then added to step respectively
(2) in the mixture obtained, 90-180s is stirred respectively to get the cement-base composite material is arrived.
7. a kind of application method of any novel 3D printing pottery sand cement-base composite material of claim 1-6, the use
Method is: cement base pumping or machinery by above-mentioned formula are delivered in the printing head of 3D printer, time of repose 30-
40min, setting printing head discharge area are 180~200mm2, extruded velocity 0.3-0.4m3/ h, horizontal direction print speed
It is vertically 0.7-0.9m/h to print speed for 250-290m/h, nozzle printing height is 20-32mm, is then printed.
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| EP4015482A1 (en) * | 2020-12-17 | 2022-06-22 | Icon Technology, Inc. | Utilizing unprocessed clay in the three dimensional additive printing of mortar onto a building structure |
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Application publication date: 20190702 |