CN109946173B - Geotechnical compression and large deformation cyclic ring shear apparatus - Google Patents
Geotechnical compression and large deformation cyclic ring shear apparatus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a geotechnical compression and large-deformation ring shear apparatus, which comprises an apparatus bottom plate, wherein a horizontal linear guide rail is arranged on the upper surface of the apparatus bottom plate; the upper part of the instrument bottom plate is provided with a soil sample base; a first torsion reinforcing ring is arranged at the upper part of the soil sample base; a first permeable stone is arranged at the upper part of the first twisting reinforcing ring; a test soil ring is arranged outside the first permeable stone; a second permeable stone is arranged at the upper part of the first permeable stone; the upper part of the second permeable stone is provided with an e-p test pressing cover plate; the upper part of the lower press cover plate of the e-p test is provided with a first linear displacement sensor and a first coupler; and a second torsion reinforcing ring is arranged at the upper part of the first linear displacement sensor. The invention relates to multifunctional geotechnical test equipment which can be used for geotechnical model tests in the field of ocean engineering. This geotechnique's test appearance passes through computer operation servo motor, and is more convenient among the test process, and the effect is better.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil test instruments, and particularly relates to a geotechnical compression and large-deformation cyclic shearing machine.
Background
In civil engineering, diversified tests need to be performed on samples. General equipment testing is troublesome and diversified measurement cannot be realized, so that improvement is needed according to needs, and better measurement can be conveniently carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a geotechnical compression and large-deformation ring shear apparatus which is convenient to better use for civil engineering measurement.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following technical means.
A geotechnical compression and large deformation ring shear apparatus comprises an apparatus bottom plate, wherein a horizontal linear guide rail is arranged on the upper surface of the apparatus bottom plate; the upper part of the instrument bottom plate is provided with a soil sample base; a first torsion reinforcing ring is arranged at the upper part of the soil sample base; a first permeable stone is arranged at the upper part of the first twisting reinforcing ring; a test soil ring is arranged outside the first permeable stone; a second permeable stone is arranged at the upper part of the first permeable stone; the upper part of the second permeable stone is provided with an e-p test pressing cover plate; the upper part of the lower press cover plate of the e-p test is provided with a first linear displacement sensor and a first coupler; a second torsion reinforcing ring is arranged at the upper part of the first linear displacement sensor; the upper part of the second torsion reinforcing ring is provided with a fixed truss; the upper part of the fixed truss is provided with a second coupler; the upper part of the second coupling is provided with a fixed steel sheet; a second torsion reinforcing ring is arranged outside the fixed steel sheet, and a second linear displacement sensor and the fixed steel sheet are arranged at the upper part of the second torsion reinforcing ring; an eighth coupler and a corner sensor are arranged inside the second torsion reinforcing ring; a circular turntable is arranged at the upper part of the second torsion reinforcing ring, a linear bearing is arranged at the upper part of the circular turntable, a circular ring linear guide rail is arranged at the upper part of the linear bearing, and a torsion gear and a third coupling are arranged in the circular ring linear guide rail; a torsion sensor and a fourth coupler are arranged at the upper part of the third coupler; a torsional electric supporting platform is arranged at the upper part of the fourth coupler; a nut is arranged on the torsion electric supporting platform; a first servo motor is arranged at the upper part of the torsion electric supporting platform; a second servo motor, a speed reducer and a balance weight are arranged on the side surface of the lower part of the nut; a fifth coupler is arranged at the lower part of the counterweight balance block, and a translation guide block, a linear guide rail and a sixth coupler are arranged outside the fifth coupler; the lower part of the sixth coupler is provided with a linear die resistor and a tension and compression sensor; the lower part of the tension and compression sensor is provided with a first axial sliding separator; the lower part of the first axial sliding separator is provided with an inward turning screw and an inward turning nut; the lower part of the inner rotating nut is provided with a seventh coupler, a second axial sliding separator and a third servo motor; and a third torsion reinforcing ring is arranged outside the third servo motor, and a torsion blade is arranged at the lower part of the third torsion reinforcing ring.
The geotechnical compression and large deformation ring shear apparatus also comprises a water outlet controller and a water inlet controller, wherein the water outlet controller is arranged at the upper part of the water inlet controller; the left side of the water outlet controller is connected with a vacuum tube, and a joint valve and a first water volume monitor are arranged on the vacuum tube; the left end of the vacuum tube is connected with a magnetic induction coil, and the upper part of the magnetic induction coil is provided with a miniature tension and compression sensor; the lower part of the magnetic induction coil is connected with a soil sample; a second water volume monitor and a water control valve are connected to the pipeline on the right side of the soil sample; a water pipe check valve is arranged at the bottom of the soil sample; the inside upper portion of soil sample is equipped with the second permeable stone, and the inside bottom of soil sample is equipped with the water plug.
The geotechnical compression and large deformation ring shear apparatus in the embodiment of the invention can realize the functions of ① annular soil sample e-p compression test, ② soil sample porosity ratio test, ③ annular soil sample large deformation static force and cyclic torsion shear test, and the equipment comprises (1) a counter-force support frame, a vertical linear module and a servo motor which are fixed on the support frame and respectively measure the load and the angular displacement in the soil sample torsion shear process, (2) a cylindrical soil sample and a top electromagnetic suction force and measurement system thereof, and (4) a water pressure loading and negative pressure measurement system, wherein the servo motor and the servo motor are arranged on the support frame and respectively measure the positive pressure and the compression displacement of the annular soil sample in the e-p compression process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention is a multifunctional geotechnical test device, which can carry out geotechnical model test in the field of ocean engineering.A computer control system adopts double closed-loop automatic control, embeds an autonomously derived annular soil sample reciprocating torsional shear stress analysis formula, improves the conventional cross plate torsional shear test, can carry out circular shear test on clay, and can automatically control the normal direction and annular stress state of the soil sample; meanwhile, the e-p compression characteristic of the soil sample can be automatically measured; in addition, after the porosity ratio and the density are measured by using equipment, other physical and mechanical indexes are given by using a derived formula. This geotechnique's test appearance passes through computer operation servo motor, and is more convenient among the test process, and the effect is better.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing the overall effect of the apparatus used in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an apparatus used in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a part of a torsion system of the apparatus used in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the compression part of the apparatus used in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an assembly drawing of an e-p compression component in an apparatus used in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an assembly view of a dynamic torsional shear assembly in an apparatus used in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a trial assembly of the aperture ratio in the apparatus used in the example of the invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a soil sample in a porosity ratio test in an apparatus used in an example of the present invention.
The notation in the figure is: 1. a water outlet controller; 2. a water intake controller; 3. a first water amount monitor; 4. a water control valve; 5. a second water amount monitor; 6. soil sampling; 7. a magnetic induction coil; 8. a miniature tension and compression sensor; 9. a first servo motor; 10. a nut; 11. twisting the electric support platform; 12. a fourth coupling; 13. a torsion sensor; 14. a third coupling; 15. a torsion gear; 16. a circular ring linear guide rail; 17. a linear bearing; 18. a circular turntable; 19. a second torsional reinforcement ring; 20. a second servo motor; 21. a speed reducer; 22. a counterweight balance block; 23. a fifth coupling; 24. translating the guide block; 25. a linear guide rail; 26. a sixth coupling; 27. linear mode resistance; 28. a tension and compression sensor; 29. a first axial sliding separator; 30. turning the screw inwards; 31. a seventh coupling; 32. a second axial sliding separator; 33. a third servo motor; 34. twisting the blade; 35. a third torsional stiffener ring; 36. a second torsional reinforcement ring; 37. e-p test pressing cover plate; 38. a second porous stone; 39. testing a soil ring; 40. a first permeable stone; 41. a first torsion reinforcement ring; 42. a soil sample base; 43. an instrument base plate; 44. a horizontal linear guide rail; 45. an eighth coupling; 46. a rotation angle sensor; 47. a second linear displacement sensor; 48. fixing the steel sheet; 49. a second coupling; 50. fixing the truss; 51. a first linear displacement sensor; 52. a first coupling; 53. a connector valve; 54. a water pipe check valve; 55. a vacuum tube; 56. a second porous stone; 57. a water plug; 58. the nut is turned inwards.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood from the following description of specific embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Examples
The geotechnical compression and large deformation ring shear apparatus in the embodiment of the invention can realize the functions of ① annular soil sample e-p compression test, ② soil sample porosity ratio test, ③ annular soil sample large deformation static force and cyclic torsion shear test, and the equipment comprises (1) a counter-force support frame, a vertical linear module and a servo motor which are fixed on the support frame and respectively measure the load and the angular displacement in the soil sample torsion shear process, (2) a cylindrical soil sample and a top electromagnetic suction force and measurement system thereof, and (4) a water pressure loading and negative pressure measurement system, wherein the servo motor and the servo motor are arranged on the support frame and respectively measure the positive pressure and the compression displacement of the annular soil sample in the e-p compression process.
The earth compression and large deformation ring shear apparatus shown in fig. 1-8 comprises an instrument base plate 43, wherein a horizontal linear guide rail 44 is arranged on the upper surface of the instrument base plate 43; the upper part of the instrument bottom plate 43 is provided with a soil sample base 42; a first torsion reinforcing ring 41 is arranged at the upper part of the soil sample base 42; a first permeable stone 40 is arranged at the upper part of the first twisting reinforcing ring 41; a test soil ring 39 is arranged outside the first permeable stone 40; the upper part of the first permeable stone 40 is provided with a second permeable stone 38; the upper part of the second permeable stone 38 is provided with an e-p test lower cover plate 37; the upper part of the e-p test lower press cover plate 37 is provided with a first linear displacement sensor 51 and a first coupler 52; the upper part of the first linear displacement sensor 51 is provided with a second torsion reinforcing ring 36; the upper part of the second torsion reinforcing ring 36 is provided with a fixed truss 50; the upper part of the fixed truss 50 is provided with a second coupling 49; the upper part of the second coupling 49 is provided with a fixed steel sheet 48; a second torsion reinforcing ring 19 is arranged outside the fixed steel sheet 48, and a second linear displacement sensor 47 and the fixed steel sheet 48 are arranged at the upper part of the second torsion reinforcing ring 19; an eighth coupler 45 and a rotation angle sensor 46 are arranged inside the second torsion reinforcing ring 19; a circular turntable 18 is arranged at the upper part of the second torsion reinforcing ring 19, a linear bearing 17 is arranged at the upper part of the circular turntable 18, a circular linear guide rail 16 is arranged at the upper part of the linear bearing 17, and a torsion gear 15 and a third coupler 14 are arranged inside the circular linear guide rail 16; a torsion sensor 13 and a fourth coupler 12 are arranged at the upper part of the third coupler 14; the upper part of the fourth coupler 12 is provided with a torsion electric supporting platform 11; the torsion electric supporting platform 11 is provided with a screw cap 10; a first servo motor 9 is arranged at the upper part of the torsion electric supporting platform 11; the side surface of the lower part of the nut 10 is provided with a second servo motor 20, a speed reducer 21 and a counterweight 22; a fifth coupler 23 is arranged at the lower part of the counterweight balance block 22, and a translation guide block 24, a linear guide rail 25 and a sixth coupler 26 are arranged outside the fifth coupler 23; the lower part of the sixth coupler 26 is provided with a linear die resistor 27 and a tension and compression sensor 28; the lower part of the tension and compression sensor 28 is provided with a first axial sliding separator 29; the lower part of the first axial sliding separator 29 is provided with an inner rotating screw 30 and an inner rotating nut 58; the lower part of the inner rotating nut 58 is provided with a seventh coupler 31, a second axial sliding separator 32 and a third servo motor 33; the third torsion strengthening ring 35 is arranged outside the third servo motor 33, and the torsion blade 34 is arranged at the lower part of the third torsion strengthening ring 35.
The geotechnical compression and large deformation ring shear apparatus also comprises a water outlet controller 1 and a water inlet controller 2, wherein the water outlet controller 1 is arranged at the upper part of the water inlet controller 2; the left side of the water outlet controller 1 is connected with a vacuum tube 55, and the vacuum tube 55 is provided with a joint valve 53 and a first water amount monitor 3; the left end of the vacuum tube 55 is connected with a magnetic induction coil 7, and the upper part of the magnetic induction coil 7 is provided with a miniature tension and compression sensor 8; the lower part of the magnetic induction coil 7 is connected with a soil sample 6; a second water quantity monitor 5 and a water control valve 4 are connected to the pipeline on the right side of the soil sample 6; the bottom of the soil sample 6 is provided with a water pipe one-way valve 54; the second permeable stone 56 is arranged at the upper part inside the soil sample 6, and the water plug 57 is arranged at the bottom inside the soil sample 6.
The first servo motor 9 on the left provides power for the ring shearing action, the screw cap 10 is used for fixing the circular ring linear guide rail 16, the first servo motor 9 is connected with the torsion sensor 13 through the fourth coupler 12, the torsion sensor 13 is used for recording and establishing the size, and corresponding data can be transmitted to the data processing system through the data acquisition system. The torsion gear 15 is connected with the upper part construction through a third coupler 14, the lower part construction is driven by the first servo motor 9 to rotate, and the rotating mechanism is as follows: two rows of balls are embedded in the linear bearing 17 and are restrained by the circular ring linear guide rail 16 and the circular turntable 18, so that the torsion gear 15 can drive the circular turntable 18 to rotate. In addition, the circular turntable 18 and the circular ring linear guide rail 16 are provided with corresponding ball grooves, so that the linear bearing 17 rolls more smoothly without dislocation; the linear bearing 17 balls are connected by steel sheets, so that after the device is used for many times, partial balls are not rolling due to abrasion and are locked. A stub shaft is provided below the circular turntable 18 in order to connect the rotation angle sensor 46 thereto via an eighth coupling 45 for recording the torsional shear rotation angle thereof. The second linear displacement sensor 47 is used for measuring the pressing amount of the e-p test lower gland plate 37, the fixing steel sheet 48 is used for fixing the second linear displacement sensor 47, the second coupler 49 is connected with the second linear displacement sensor 47 and the e-p test lower gland plate 37, and the second torsion reinforcing ring 19, the second torsion reinforcing ring 36 and the like enable the torsion shear compression to be more stable and strengthen the stress characteristic of construction. The second linear displacement sensor 47 is provided with a hole for draining water, and the lower part of the second linear displacement sensor is provided with a groove for placing the second permeable stone 38; the test soil ring 39 is used for constraining a soil sample, is designed to be in a multilayer laminated shape, and is convenient to meet the requirements of different torsional shear angles of a ring shear test according to different test requirements; the soil sample base 42 is used for containing a soil sample and discharging water generated by compression, and is internally provided with a water discharge hole and a water inlet hole; when the experiment is finished or the soil sample is replaced, the horizontal linear guide rail 44 is used for guiding the soil sample; the manual drawing and replacement can be facilitated, and the implementation is convenient; the instrument base plate 43 supports the entire experimental apparatus. The right second servo motor 20 provides compression power; the reducer 21 changes the rotation direction of the motor; the balance weight 22 adjusts the center position of the device; the fifth coupler 23 is connected with the speed reducer 21 and the linear guide rail 25; the translation guide block 24 and the linear guide rail 25 are constructed by a linear module, and the translation guide block 24 rotates along with the rotation of the motor to drive the linear guide rail 25 to move downwards; the tension and compression sensor 28 transmits the tension and compression force; the first axial sliding separator 29 and the second axial sliding separator 32 are constructed to enable the twisting blade 34 and the e-p test lower pressing cover plate 37 to bear force and separate simultaneously, and the twisting blade 34 and the e-p test lower pressing cover plate 37 move downwards together initially to compress the soil sample until the soil sample is solidified. The torsion blade 34 is driven by the third servo motor 33 to separate from the e-p test lower pressing cover plate 37 and cut into the soil body, so that the subsequent ring shearing test is carried out; the twisting blades 34 shear the soil.
The instrument integrates a soil sample e-p compression test, a power ring shear test and a soil sample three-index test, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) in the test process of the e-p compression curve of the soil sample, the test can be accurately finished by controlling a servo motor through a computer. In the loading process of the vertical servo motor, bidirectional coupling closed-loop control is realized through the force sensor and the displacement sensor, a continuous e-p compression curve can be drawn, and the drawing of the compression curve is more reasonable than that of a traditional discrete point drawing (the traditional compression curve is generally used for solving discrete points of pore ratio under the conditions that the positive pressure is 50kPa, 100kPa, 200kPa and 400 kPa). An assembled view of the e-p compression member is shown in fig. 5.
(2) In the process of the annular soil sample dynamic torsion shear test, the circular shear test under the conditions of different positive pressures, different shear frequencies and different shear strains can be completed by controlling the servo motor through the computer. In the process of applying torque load to the annular servo motor, bidirectional coupling closed-loop control is realized through a torque sensor and an angular displacement sensor; meanwhile, a vertical servo motor is used for applying a corresponding positive pressure to the circular soil sample; the annular soil sample can simulate a permeable boundary by applying permeable stones on the upper surface and the lower surface, and can simulate a impermeable boundary of the soil sample by wrapping the annular soil sample with a specially-made rubber film. By changing the vertical positive pressure of the annular soil sample, the dynamic strength and the dynamic shear modulus of the annular soil sample under the action of cyclic load can be simulated. In this cyclic annular torsional shear soil sample test process, in order to reduce the soil sample and twist reverse the restraint of in-process middle ring sword boundary to the soil sample, along cyclic annular soil sample axis direction, divide into a plurality of smooth rings with the ring sword. The assembly view of the dynamic torsional shear elements is shown in figure 6.
(3) Determination test of porosity ratio of cylindrical soil sample: loading a cylindrical soil sample into a test box by using a cutting ring, adsorbing the test soil sample to a tension sensor by using an electromagnet, and obtaining the volume weight of the soil sample by using tension; then, the cylindrical soil sample is saturated by a water pressure device by utilizing a negative pressure principle, and the saturated volume weight of the cylindrical soil sample is measured again; and finally, solving the porosity ratio of the soil sample through three indexes of soil mechanics conversion formulas, and deducing corresponding other soil mechanics physical parameters. The porosity is shown in fig. 6 and 8 in comparison with the test assembly.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a geotechnique's compression, big deformation ring shear appearance which characterized in that: the device comprises an instrument bottom plate, wherein a horizontal linear guide rail is arranged on the upper surface of the instrument bottom plate; a soil sample base is arranged at the upper part of the instrument bottom plate; a first torsion reinforcing ring is arranged at the upper part of the soil sample base; a first permeable stone is arranged inside the first twisting reinforcing ring; a test soil ring is arranged outside the first permeable stone; a second permeable stone is arranged at the upper part of the first permeable stone; the upper part of the second permeable stone is provided with an e-p test pressing cover plate; the upper part of the lower press cover plate of the e-p test is provided with a first linear displacement sensor and a first coupler; a second torsion reinforcing ring is arranged at the upper part of the first linear displacement sensor; the upper part of the second torsion reinforcing ring is provided with a fixed truss; a second coupler is arranged at the upper part of the fixed truss; the upper part of the second coupler is provided with a fixed steel sheet; a second torsion reinforcing ring is arranged outside the fixed steel sheet, and a second linear displacement sensor is arranged at the upper part of the second torsion reinforcing ring; an eighth coupler and a corner sensor are arranged inside the second torsion reinforcing ring; a circular turntable is arranged at the upper part of the second torsion reinforcing ring, a linear bearing is arranged at the upper part of the circular turntable, a circular ring linear guide rail is arranged at the upper part of the linear bearing, and a torsion gear and a third coupling device are arranged in the circular ring linear guide rail; a torsion sensor and a fourth coupler are arranged at the upper part of the third coupler; a torsional electric supporting platform is arranged at the upper part of the fourth coupler; a nut is arranged on the torsion electric supporting platform; a first servo motor is arranged at the upper part of the torsion electric supporting platform; a second servo motor, a speed reducer and a balance weight are arranged on the side surface of the lower part of the nut; a fifth coupler is arranged at the lower part of the counterweight balance block, and a translation guide block, a linear guide rail and a sixth coupler are arranged outside the fifth coupler; the lower part of the sixth coupler is provided with a linear die resistor and a tension and compression sensor; the lower part of the tension and compression sensor is provided with a first axial sliding separator; the lower part of the first axial sliding separator is provided with an inward turning screw and an inward turning nut; the lower part of the inward turning nut is provided with a seventh coupler, a second axial sliding separator and a third servo motor; and a third torsion reinforcing ring is arranged outside the third servo motor, and a torsion blade is arranged at the lower part of the third torsion reinforcing ring.
2. The geotechnical compression large deformation ring shear apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the geotechnical compression and large deformation ring shear apparatus also comprises a water outlet controller and a water inlet controller, wherein the water outlet controller is arranged at the upper part of the water inlet controller; the left side of the water outlet controller is connected with a vacuum tube, and a joint valve and a first water volume monitor are arranged on the vacuum tube; the left end of the vacuum tube is connected with a magnetic induction coil, and the upper part of the magnetic induction coil is provided with a miniature tension and compression sensor; the lower part of the magnetic induction coil is connected with a soil sample; a second water volume monitor and a water control valve are connected to the pipeline on the right side of the soil sample; a water pipe check valve is arranged at the bottom of the soil sample; the inside upper portion of soil sample is equipped with the second permeable stone, and the inside bottom of soil sample is equipped with the water plug.
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| CN201910297665.6A CN109946173B (en) | 2019-04-15 | 2019-04-15 | Geotechnical compression and large deformation cyclic ring shear apparatus |
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| CN201910297665.6A CN109946173B (en) | 2019-04-15 | 2019-04-15 | Geotechnical compression and large deformation cyclic ring shear apparatus |
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| CN109946173B true CN109946173B (en) | 2020-06-30 |
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| CN108225945A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-29 | 福建省地质工程勘察院 | A kind of stacked ring type ring shear apparatus and stacked ring shear test |
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| US2603967A (en) * | 1947-09-05 | 1952-07-22 | Carlson Lyman Otto Theodore | Apparatus for measuring the torsional shear strength of soil |
| CN102272572A (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2011-12-07 | 特罗克斯勒电子实验室有限公司 | Gyratory compactor apparatuses and associated methods |
| CN101949800A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2011-01-19 | 清华大学 | Pressing-twisting multi-shaft loading testing machine |
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| CN109946173A (en) | 2019-06-28 |
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