CN109946126A - A kind of high-throughput experimental method obtaining alloy material plastic forming process and property relationship - Google Patents

A kind of high-throughput experimental method obtaining alloy material plastic forming process and property relationship Download PDF

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CN109946126A
CN109946126A CN201910160691.4A CN201910160691A CN109946126A CN 109946126 A CN109946126 A CN 109946126A CN 201910160691 A CN201910160691 A CN 201910160691A CN 109946126 A CN109946126 A CN 109946126A
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sample
alloy material
experimental method
truncated cone
throughput experimental
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CN109946126B (en
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曾攀
黄万慧
雷丽萍
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Tsinghua University
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Abstract

The invention discloses the high-throughput experimental methods of a kind of acquisition alloy material plastic forming process and property relationship.This method comprises: providing the truncated cone-shaped sample formed by alloy material;At a predetermined temperature, truncated cone-shaped sample is compressed along central axis, sample after being deformed;Sample after deformation is quenched, sample after being quenched;Sample is after quenching with plane of symmetry subdivision, and multiple mark positions are chosen on the symmetry axis of obtained section;Each mark position is tested for the property, characterizes performance of the alloy material under plastic forming process by the performance test results of each mark position.The high throughput experimental method can pass through the corresponding tissue of unlike signal position acquisition different plasticity forming technology and performance on a sample, experimental efficiency is high, data and theories integration can be quickly provided for process optimization, be of great significance to " required design " of the forming property research of alloy material, process sequence planning and material.

Description

A kind of high-throughput experiment obtaining alloy material plastic forming process and property relationship Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to advanced manufacturing technology fields, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of acquisition alloy material plasticity at The high-throughput experimental method of shape technique and property relationship.
Background technique
The technical process of material has great influence to the Microstructure evolution of material and final forming mechanics performance.But Be, according to traditional experimental method go research technical process it is long to affecting laws time of final material forming mechanics performance, at This height.Therefore, the trend that traditional material research and development mode is current international new material research is changed, is mentioned in " material genetic engineering " Go out the investigation of materials and exploitation new model that high-throughput calculating, high-throughput experiment and big data technology three elements cooperate, Middle high throughput experimental method refers to the efficient experiment under design and rational guidance.
The experimental method of tradition research alloy material plastic forming process can only study a kind of temperature and strain rate every time Corresponding operating condition, inefficiency are not suitable for high-throughput requirement of experiment.Therefore, existing research alloy material Plastic Forming work The experimental method of skill still has much room for improvement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.For this purpose, of the invention One purpose is the high-throughput experimental method for proposing to obtain alloy material plastic forming process and property relationship.The high throughput is real Proved recipe method can be tested by the corresponding tissue of unlike signal position acquisition different plasticity forming technology and performance on a sample It is high-efficient, data and theories integration can be quickly provided for process optimization, to the forming property research of alloy material, process route " required design " of optimization and material is of great significance.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of acquisition alloy material plastic forming process and property relationships High-throughput experimental method.According to an embodiment of the invention, the high throughput experimental method includes: that (1) is provided by alloy material shape At truncated cone-shaped sample;(2) at a predetermined temperature, the truncated cone-shaped sample is compressed along central axis, after obtaining deformation Sample;(3) sample after the deformation is quenched, sample after being quenched;(4) sample after the quenching is cutd open with the plane of symmetry Point, and multiple mark positions are chosen on the symmetry axis of obtained section;(5) performance survey is carried out to each mark position Examination, characterizes performance of the alloy material under plastic forming process by the performance test results of each mark position.
The high-throughput experimental method according to an embodiment of the present invention for obtaining alloy material plastic forming process and property relationship, The truncated cone-shaped sample formed using alloy material as research object, by upper bottom to truncated cone-shaped sample and bottom along central axis into Row compression, makes sample deformation;By quenching to sample after deformation, the microstructure of sample can be fixed, in order to subsequent It is tested for the property.Further, it by quenched sample with plane of symmetry subdivision, and is chosen on the symmetry axis of obtained section Multiple mark positions, each mark position met with stresses difference in compression process (pass through the strain that different characteristic occurs Go through different plastic forming process paths).By being tested for the property to each mark position, different modelings can be efficiently obtained The performance test results corresponding to property forming technology.Acquisition alloy material plastic forming process of the invention and performance are closed as a result, The high-throughput experimental method of system can quickly establish alloy material forming technology path and the direct relationship of performance, overcome existing Experimental technique can only obtain a kind of deficiency of technique corresponding performance every time, improve conventional efficient, can be quick for process optimization Data and theories integration are provided, to " required design " of the forming property research of alloy material, process sequence planning and material It is of great significance.
In addition, the high throughput according to the above embodiment of the present invention for obtaining alloy material plastic forming process and property relationship Experimental method can also have the following additional technical features:
In some embodiments of the invention, the truncated cone-shaped sample bus is formed by angle and is with plane where bottom 65~75 °.
In some embodiments of the invention, the predetermined temperature is 800~1500 DEG C.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the compression, strain rate is 0.5~1.5s-1, compression travel is described The 40~70% of truncated cone-shaped specimen length.
In some embodiments of the invention, the mark position includes 3~9.
In some embodiments of the invention, multiple mark positions are equidistantly divided on the symmetry axis of the section Cloth.
In some embodiments of the invention, the performance test include strain rate test, microstructure distribution tests and Microhardness distribution test.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the strain rate test, the constitutive equation of the alloy material is imported Finite element analysis software changes over time curve by the strain rate that simulation calculates the acquisition mark position.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the microstructure distribution tests, the section is carried out in advance mechanical Polishing and etching pit.
In some embodiments of the invention, in the microhardness distribution test, the section is carried out in advance mechanical Polishing.
Additional aspect and advantage of the invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partially become from the following description Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the invention and advantage will become from the description of the embodiment in conjunction with the following figures Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, in which:
Fig. 1 is the high throughput of acquisition alloy material plastic forming process and property relationship according to an embodiment of the invention Experimental method flow diagram;
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of truncated cone-shaped sample according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the high-throughput experimental method stream for obtaining alloy material plastic forming process and property relationship in embodiment 1 Journey schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that the strain rate of section unlike signal position after the truncated cone-shaped sample deformation in embodiment 1 changes over time Figure;
Fig. 5 is the Tissue distribution figure of section unlike signal position after the truncated cone-shaped sample deformation in embodiment 1;
Fig. 6 is the microhardness distribution figure of section unlike signal position after the truncated cone-shaped sample deformation in embodiment 1.
Description of symbols:
1- truncated cone-shaped sample;2- constant temperature oven;3- pressure head;Sample after 4- deformation;The mark position 5-.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width ", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction " etc. The orientation or positional relationship of instruction is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of the description present invention and letter Change description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, with specific orientation construct and Operation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, in the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is at least two, such as two, three etc., unless otherwise Clear specific restriction.
In one aspect of the invention, the invention proposes a kind of acquisition alloy material plastic forming process and property relationships High-throughput experimental method.According to an embodiment of the invention, the high throughput experimental method includes: that (1) is provided by alloy material shape At truncated cone-shaped sample;(2) at a predetermined temperature, truncated cone-shaped sample is compressed along central axis, sample after being deformed; (3) sample after deformation is quenched, sample after being quenched;(4) it sample and will be obtained with plane of symmetry subdivision after quenching Multiple mark positions are chosen on the symmetry axis of section;(5) each mark position is tested for the property, passes through each mark position Performance of the performance test results characterization alloy material under plastic forming process.
The high-throughput experimental method according to an embodiment of the present invention for obtaining alloy material plastic forming process and property relationship, The truncated cone-shaped sample formed using alloy material as research object, by upper bottom to truncated cone-shaped sample and bottom along central axis into Row compression, makes sample deformation;By quenching to sample after deformation, the microstructure of sample can be fixed, in order to subsequent It is tested for the property.Further, it by quenched sample with plane of symmetry subdivision, and is chosen on the symmetry axis of obtained section Multiple mark positions, each mark position met with stresses difference in compression process (pass through the strain that different characteristic occurs Go through different plastic forming process paths).By being tested for the property to each mark position, different modelings can be efficiently obtained The performance test results corresponding to property forming technology.Acquisition alloy material plastic forming process of the invention and performance are closed as a result, The high-throughput experimental method of system can quickly establish alloy material forming technology path and the direct relationship of performance, overcome existing Experimental technique can only obtain a kind of deficiency of technique corresponding performance every time, improve conventional efficient, can be quick for process optimization Data and theories integration are provided, to " required design " of the forming property research of alloy material, process sequence planning and material It is of great significance.
Below with reference to Fig. 1 and 2 to acquisition alloy material plastic forming process according to an embodiment of the present invention and property relationship High-throughput experimental method be further described in detail.According to an embodiment of the invention, the high throughput experimental method includes:
S100: sample is provided
In the step, truncated cone-shaped sample (unless otherwise instructed, the upper bottom of truncated cone-shaped sample formed by alloy material is provided Radius is different from bottom radius).Specifically, the specific type of alloy material is not particularly restricted, those skilled in the art's root It is selected according to actual test.(or the alloy material of other shapes is processed as rotary table by using truncated cone-shaped sample Shape), the upper bottom of rotary table and bottom compressed in the subsequent compression that can be more convenient for experiment, so that sample cuts open after compression Representational mark position is obtained in face.
Plane where preferred embodiment in accordance with the present invention, truncated cone-shaped sample bus and bottom be formed by angle be 65~ 75 °, in other words, if gained section is isosceles trapezoid (as shown in Figure 2), isosceles ladder by truncated cone-shaped sample with plane of symmetry section It is formed by between the waist and bottom of shape angle (as shown in θ in Fig. 2), 65 °≤θ≤75 °.Specific example according to the present invention, θ It can be 65 °, 70 ° or 75 °.It can further improve as a result, and practical difference characterized with the processing route of each mark position experience The accuracy of technique.If truncated cone-shaped sample can not obtain enough compressed lines in the step of θ angle too small, subsequent compression Journey, and then sample compression is unstable, and requirement of experiment is not achieved.If θ angle is excessive, the deformation gradient distribution on sample is unknown It is aobvious, it is not easy to distinguish characterization, the requirement of high-throughput experiment is not achieved.
S200: compression
In the step, at a predetermined temperature, truncated cone-shaped sample is compressed along central axis, sample after being deformed. Truncated cone-shaped sample can be placed in the compressor for being equipped with hot environment case or high temperature furnace constant temperature by specific example according to the present invention, The pressure head of compressor is respectively placed in upper bottom and the bottom face of truncated cone-shaped sample, so as to will be by truncated cone-shaped sample along central axis It is compressed.Since the area in different location section in sample is different, cause different location Temperature Distribution different;In addition, sample The strain that sectional area difference also results in axially distinct position deformation process is different from strain rate, and different location on sample Microstructure and mechanical performance it is also different;As a result, by being compressed in the manner described above to truncated cone-shaped sample, try Different location is by the strain that different characteristic occurs (undergoing different processing routes) in sample.As a result, by truncated cone-shaped sample It is middle to choose representational multiple and different positions and it is tested for the property, it can be obtained pair of kinds of processes path and performance It should be related to.
According to an embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned predetermined temperature is not particularly restricted, those skilled in the art are according to reality Test need and the specific type of alloy material is selected.In some embodiments of the invention, above-mentioned predetermined temperature Can be 800~1500 DEG C, such as 800 DEG C, 900 DEG C, 950 DEG C, 1000 DEG C, 1050 DEG C, 1100 DEG C, 1200 DEG C, 1300 DEG C, 1400 DEG C or 1500 DEG C, thus, it is possible to meet the needs of most of alloy materials and experiment condition.
According to an embodiment of the invention, strain rate can be 0.001~10s in above-mentioned compression-1, such as 0.001s-1、 0.01s-1、0.1s-1、1s-1Or 10s-1.Compression travel can be truncated cone-shaped specimen length 40~70%, such as 40%, 50%, 60% or 70%.Here, it should be noted that truncated cone-shaped specimen length refer between bottom on rotary table and bottom away from From length shown in l in i.e. Fig. 2.If strain rate is excessive, compression time is too short, and microstructure has little time to change, even Compression machine does not reach requirement accordingly;If strain rate is too small, compression time is too long, the sample hot conditions lower residence time It is long, cause microstructure coarse.It is too high to machine requirement if compression travel is excessive, it is not easy to realize;If compression travel mistake Small, then deformation gradient is unobvious, is not easy to characterize.
S300: quenching
In the step, sample after deformation is quenched, sample after being quenched.By quenching sample after deformation Fire can fix the microstructure of sample, in order to which subsequent performance is tested.The concrete technology condition of quenching is not by spy It does not limit, the quenching technical that this field can be used common, details are not described herein.
S400: mark position is chosen
In the step, by sample after quenching with plane of symmetry subdivision, and multiple marks are chosen on the symmetry axis of obtained section Will position.By compressing to truncated cone-shaped sample, strain (the i.e. experience difference of different characteristic will occur for different location in sample Processing route).As a result, by choosing representational multiple and different positions in truncated cone-shaped sample and carrying out performance survey to it Examination, can be obtained the corresponding relationship of kinds of processes path and performance.As previously mentioned, sample is etc. with section obtained by plane of symmetry subdivision Waist is trapezoidal, then the symmetry axis of section is bottom midpoint and bottom midpoint line place straight line (as shown in Figure 2) in isosceles trapezoid.At this The multiple mark positions chosen on symmetry axis have more preferably representative.
According to an embodiment of the invention, above-mentioned mark position includes 3~9, it is preferable that the number of mark position is less than 7 It is a.If the mark position chosen is excessive, the difference between difference mark is set is little, is not easily distinguishable.
According to an embodiment of the invention, multiple mark positions are in sample on the symmetry axis of section obtained by plane of symmetry subdivision etc. Spacing distribution.In some embodiments, mark position includes odd number, and center mark position is located in isosceles trapezoid section The heart.As a result, each mark position it is representative more preferably.
S500: performance test
In the step, each mark position is tested for the property, passes through the performance test results table of each mark position Levy performance of the alloy material under plastic forming process.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the constitutive equation of alloy material is imported finite element meter in above-mentioned strain rate test Software is calculated, curve is changed over time by the strain rate that simulation calculates each mark position of acquisition.Thus, it is possible to pass through calculating Time change course and flowing flow stress curve, the i.e. mark position for obtaining the strain rate at mark position are experienced Processing route.Specifically, by compressing the temperature that can be obtained at different location to truncated cone-shaped sample, strain, judgement of speed change The above combined data, is formed the constitutive equation of truncated cone-shaped sample material by the data that rate changes over time, and constitutive equation is entered Finite element analysis software changes over time curve by the strain rate that simulation calculates each mark position of acquisition.It is above-mentioned limited The type of first software for calculation is not particularly restricted, such as can use ANSYS, ADINA, ABAQUS, Marc, DEFORM-3D Deng those skilled in the art can select according to actual needs.
Further, after the processing route for obtaining each mark position, the microstructure of each mark position of re-test, Other mechanical index such as hardness can establish the strain of each mark position, the course of strain rate and the position microstructure, power Learn the connection of performance etc..
According to an embodiment of the invention, in above-mentioned microstructure distribution tests, in advance to sample obtained by plane of symmetry subdivision Section carries out mechanical polishing and etching pit.Specifically, sample can quench after to deformation and after subdivision, successively section is carried out Mechanical polishing and etching pit, to improve microstructure distribution tests result, (such as crystal grain distribution, crystallite dimension, crystal grain are taken To with Tissue distribution etc.) accuracy.The characterization that each mark position microstructure distribution can be common using this field on section Method obtains, and details are not described herein.
According to an embodiment of the invention, section is mechanically polished in advance in above-mentioned microhardness distribution test, by This, can be further improved the accuracy of microhardness distribution test result.Preferably, microhardness distribution test is at microcosmic group It knits distribution tests to carry out later, i.e., the surface by mechanical polishing and etching pit is mechanically polished again, carried out later Microhardness distribution test.The accuracy of microhardness distribution test result is more preferably as a result,.Each mark position is micro- hard on section Degree distribution can be obtained using the common characterizing method in this field, and details are not described herein.
Below with reference to specific embodiment, present invention is described, it should be noted that these embodiments are only to describe Property, without limiting the invention in any way.
Embodiment 1
Truncated cone-shaped sample is processed as with mould steel 5CrNiMoV.Truncated cone-shaped specimen length is 12mm, bus and bottom place It is 75 ° that plane, which is formed by angle, and upper bottom surface diameter is 2.4mm, and bottom surface diameter is 5.6mm.With reference to Fig. 3, sample is placed in Be equipped with hot environment case compressor in, temperature on truncated cone-shaped sample be 1050 DEG C be uniformly distributed when, compression compressing head according to Strain rate is that 1/s is compressed, compression travel 6mm.Choose totally 5 mark positions A, B, C, D, E.It will examination at the end of compression Sample rapid quenching terminates the crystal grain distribution situation of moment to fix microstructure, for observing sample deformation.
According to Sellars constitutive relation, the constitutive equation such as formula (I) of the mould steel 5CrNiMoV in example:
In formula (I):
Strain rate, unit s-1
σ, stress, unit MPa;
R, ideal gas constant, 8.3144598JK-1·mol-1
T, temperature, unit K.
By the temperature of A, B, C, D, E each position obtained in compression experiment, strain, strain rate changes over time data knot It closes the constitutive equation to import in finite element analysis software DEFORM-3D, and truncated cone-shaped of the invention is tried in finite element software The high-throughput deformation process of sample carries out simulation calculating, extracts the judgement of speed change of sample symmetrical profile central axis different location after deformation Rate change over time curve as shown in figure 4, and using this curve as the processing route of the position, it is seen that the judgement of speed change of different location Rate illustrates that different location processing route experienced is different there are apparent gradient disparities.
The crystal grain point of the different location obtained after wire cutting, mechanical polishing and etching pit after deformed sample quenching Cloth as shown in figure 5, crystal grain show close to bottom surface crystallite dimension it is big, the fine and closely woven uniform trend of middle position crystal grain.
After deformation sample section after above-mentioned measurement crystal grain distribution is polished again, tried using microhardness testers measurement Hardness distribution on sample is as shown in Figure 6, it can be seen that the hardness close to basal surface position is lower, and the hardness number in middle position compared with It is high.
In conclusion the high-throughput experimental method for obtaining alloy material plastic forming process and property relationship of the invention, The processing route of truncated cone-shaped sample different location is obtained by finite element method, it is different that microstructure observation obtains correspondence The crystal grain distribution of position finally measures the microhardness of corresponding different location using microhardness testers, i.e. forming mechanical property. The corresponding relationship of different process, microstructure and different performance is thereby established, and only on a sample by primary real It tests and just completes whole process, calculating is combined with experiment, is quickly established the corresponding relationship of process and performance, has been reached high throughput The effect of experiment greatly improves the efficiency of traditional experiment, provides theoretical direction for traditional handicraft optimization and investigation of materials.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be in office It can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiment or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the skill of this field Art personnel can tie the feature of different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples It closes and combines.
Although the embodiments of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example Property, it is not considered as limiting the invention, those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned Embodiment is changed, modifies, replacement and variant.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of high-throughput experimental method for obtaining alloy material plastic forming process and property relationship characterized by comprising
(1) the truncated cone-shaped sample formed by alloy material is provided;
(2) at a predetermined temperature, the truncated cone-shaped sample is compressed along central axis, sample after being deformed;
(3) sample after the deformation is quenched, sample after being quenched;
(4) by sample after the quenching with plane of symmetry subdivision, and multiple mark positions are chosen on the symmetry axis of obtained section;
(5) each mark position is tested for the property, is characterized by the performance test results of each mark position Performance of the alloy material under plastic forming process.
2. high throughput experimental method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the truncated cone-shaped sample bus and bottom institute Being formed by angle in plane is 65~75 °.
3. high throughput experimental method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the predetermined temperature is 800~1500 DEG C.
4. high throughput experimental method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the compression, strain rate 0.001 ~10s-1, compression travel is the 40~70% of the truncated cone-shaped specimen length.
5. high throughput experimental method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mark position includes 3~9.
6. high throughput experimental method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that multiple mark positions are in the section Symmetry axis on equidistantly distributed.
7. described in any item high-throughput experimental methods according to claim 1~6, which is characterized in that the performance test includes Strain rate test, microstructure distribution tests and microhardness distribution test.
8. high throughput experimental method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the strain rate test, by the conjunction The constitutive equation of golden material imports finite element analysis software, calculates the strain rate of the acquisition mark position at any time by simulation Between change curve.
9. high throughput experimental method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the microstructure distribution tests, in advance Mechanical polishing and etching pit first are carried out to the section.
10. high throughput experimental method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that in the microhardness distribution test, in advance First the section is mechanically polished.
CN201910160691.4A 2019-03-04 2019-03-04 High-throughput experimental method for obtaining plastic forming process and performance relation of alloy material Expired - Fee Related CN109946126B (en)

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