CN109944626B - Tunnel phase change cold accumulation cooling system - Google Patents
Tunnel phase change cold accumulation cooling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109944626B CN109944626B CN201910275251.3A CN201910275251A CN109944626B CN 109944626 B CN109944626 B CN 109944626B CN 201910275251 A CN201910275251 A CN 201910275251A CN 109944626 B CN109944626 B CN 109944626B
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Abstract
The invention provides a tunnel phase change cold accumulation cooling system, which comprises a cold accumulation section and a cooling section, wherein the cold accumulation section is a closed circulating system consisting of a tunnel geothermal energy heat exchanger, a water pump, a water distribution pipe, a water collection pipe and a phase change cold accumulation plate in a cold accumulation chamber; the phase change cold accumulation plate completes cold accumulation in the cold accumulation chamber firstly and is transported to a cooling section close to a tunnel construction surface along a tunnel, the cooling section comprises a cooling construction trolley, a heat insulation layer, a movable shielding door, external circulation ventilation and internal circulation ventilation, and the heat insulation layer and the movable shielding door form a closed heat insulation space behind a tunnel excavation face; the cooling sheet on the cooling construction trolley, the water pump, the water distribution pipe, the water collection pipe and the phase change cold storage plate form a closed circulation cooling system, and the closed circulation cooling system and the outer circulation ventilation and the inner circulation ventilation are used for cooling the closed heat insulation space jointly. Compared with the existing artificial ice making and cooling mode, the invention has the remarkable improvements of convenient construction, high energy efficiency, reproducibility, low operation cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a safety guarantee system for tunnel construction, in particular to a system for cooling a tunnel by using a phase-change material.
Background
Taking a tunnel in mulberry field of Sichuan-Tibet railway as an example, the tunnel has the total length of 16449m and the maximum buried depth of about 1347m, is the highest rock temperature tunnel encountered in the construction of the tunnel of China railway at present, and the rock temperature in the tunnel reaches 81.9 ℃. The temperature in a tunnel is not more than 28 ℃ specified in the railway tunnel construction Specification TB10120-2002, the labor capacity of constructors is reduced due to high ground temperature thermal hazards of the tunnel, the failure rate of mechanical equipment is obviously increased, and the construction efficiency is seriously reduced; the health of constructors is greatly influenced, the incidence of altitude diseases is greatly increased, and the life safety of the constructors is threatened. The high ground temperature tunnel construction cooling mainly adopts the strengthening ventilation, heat insulation, cold water (ice block) cooling, mechanical refrigeration ventilation and the like. The mulberry-bead-ridge tunnel adopts the comprehensive cooling technology of bubble concrete, ice blocks, spraying and enhanced ventilation, the environmental temperature in the tunnel hole is reduced by 10-20 ℃, the environmental temperature is controlled within 45 ℃, and the requirement within 28 ℃ specified by the specification is not met. The reason for this was analyzed as follows: (1) the fan of the super-long tunnel has large cold energy loss, large energy consumption and high operation cost; (2) the temperature is reduced by 3-5 ℃ within 3m around the ice block, and the temperature reduction efficiency is not high; (3) the sprayed concrete added with the air entraining agent reduces the temperature in the tunnel by 2-3 ℃, and the heat insulation effect is limited.
Through retrieval, chinese patent document CN109209466A discloses a shield tunnel construction cooling device and a cooling method, in which a refrigeration system and an air cooling system are arranged in a tunnel, and a shield circulating water system is arranged outside the tunnel; connecting a refrigerating system with an air cooling system to provide a cold source for the air cooling system; the air cooling system exchanges heat with natural wind sent by the ground to cool the natural wind; the shield circulating water system is connected with the refrigerating system and used for cooling the refrigerating system.
The tunnel is of a linear structure and penetrates through stratums and geological structure zones with different burial depths, the tunnel burial depth change and the geological structure zone with abnormal ground temperature can cause obvious ground temperature difference in the tunnel, and how the tunnel is used for anti-freezing heating of the tunnel in a cold area and cooling of the high-ground-temperature tunnel, the efficiency is improved, the heat insulation is enhanced, the energy is saved, the environment is protected, and the breakthrough of the high-ground-temperature thermal disaster of the ultra-long tunnel is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the tunnel geothermal energy heat exchanger is used for storing the surrounding rock geothermal energy of the low geothermal zone into the phase change plate, replaces the traditional manual ice making, is used for cooling the air in the tunnel of the high geothermal zone, and achieves the purposes of high cooling efficiency, environmental protection, low cost and the like.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to solve the technical problem, the tunnel phase change cold accumulation cooling system provided by the invention comprises a cold accumulation system and a cooling system.
The cold accumulation system is a closed circulating system consisting of a tunnel geothermal energy heat exchanger, a water pump, a water distribution pipe, a water collection pipe and a phase change cold accumulation plate in the cold accumulation chamber; the phase change cold accumulation plate completes cold accumulation in the cold accumulation chamber, and is transported to the cooling system along the tunnel and connected with the cooling system.
The cooling system is arranged close to the tunnel construction surface and comprises a cooling construction trolley, a heat insulation layer, a movable shielding door, an external circulation ventilation system, an internal circulation ventilation system and an intelligent environment monitoring system; the heat insulation layer and the movable shielding door form a closed heat insulation space behind the tunnel excavation face; the cooling piece on the cooling construction trolley, the water pump, the water distribution pipe, the water collection pipe and the phase change cold storage plate form a closed circulation cooling system, and the closed heat insulation space is cooled jointly by the cooling construction trolley, the external circulation ventilation and the internal circulation ventilation.
Specifically, the tunnel geothermal energy heat exchanger comprises a plurality of groups of heat exchange pipelines, and the heat exchange pipelines are arranged between the primary lining and the waterproof plate, in the hollow anchor rod and above the tunnel inverted arch.
Specifically, the cooling construction trolley comprises a construction trolley, a support, a cooling piece, a water distribution pipe and a water collection pipe.
Specifically, the environment intelligent monitoring system controls the working states of the external circulation ventilation and the internal circulation ventilation according to the construction environment monitoring data by a temperature sensor, a wind speed sensor, a humidity sensor, a data collector and an analysis processing system.
The invention also provides an operation method for cooling the tunnel construction surface by using the system, which comprises the following steps:
and 6, intelligently controlling the ventilation mode and the ventilation quantity of the fan by using the environment intelligent monitoring system.
When in use, the tunnel phase change cold accumulation cooling system consists of a tunnel geothermal energy heat exchanger, a phase change cold accumulation plate, a water pump, a water distribution pipe, a water collection pipe, a cold accumulation chamber, a cooling construction trolley, a heat insulation layer, a movable shielding door, an external circulation ventilation system, an internal circulation ventilation system and an environment intelligent monitoring system; the phase change cold accumulation plate forms a closed circulation cold accumulation system with the tunnel geothermal energy heat exchanger through the water pump, the water distribution pipe and the water collection pipe, the phase change cold accumulation plate is placed in the cold accumulation chamber, and after cold accumulation of the phase change cold accumulation plate is completed, the phase change cold accumulation plate is conveyed into the tunnel to be used for face construction cooling; the heat insulation layer and the movable shielding door form a closed heat insulation space behind the tunnel excavation face; the cooling construction trolley forms a closed circulation cooling system with the phase change cold accumulation plate through the water pump, the water distribution pipe and the water collection pipe, and the closed heat insulation space is cooled jointly by the cooling construction trolley, the external circulation ventilation and the internal circulation ventilation;
the principle of the invention is that heat exchange pipelines arranged between a primary lining and a waterproof plate of a low-ground-temperature section of a tunnel, in a hollow anchor rod, above an inverted arch of the tunnel and the like are connected with heat exchange pipelines in a phase-change cold storage plate to form a closed circulation pipeline, and low-temperature ground temperature energy in tunnel surrounding rocks is stored in the phase-change cold storage plate by utilizing a heat transfer circulation medium in the circulation pipeline. The transport vehicle transports the phase change cold storage plate to a high-temperature area in the tunnel, the phase change cold storage plate is connected with the cooling plate in the cooling construction trolley through the water pump, the water distribution pipe and the water collection pipe to form a closed circulation pipeline, and the cooling plate is supplied with cold energy by utilizing a heat transfer circulation medium in the circulation pipeline, so that the air around the cooling plate is cooled.
Has the advantages that: the tunnel temperature control system utilizes renewable geothermal energy resources of a low geothermal section of the tunnel to cool air in a hole of a high geothermal section, replaces the traditional artificial ice making and cooling technology, has the advantages of environmental protection, low operation cost and the like, and saves more than 80 percent of energy compared with the traditional artificial ice making and cooling technology. And in the heat-insulating closed space, the cooling fins which are arranged in a three-dimensional dispersed manner on the inner circulating fan, the outer circulating fan and the cooling trolley are used for cooling jointly, so that the heat-insulating trolley has the advantages of good heat-insulating effect, high cooling efficiency and the like. The cooling piece is fixed on the construction trolley by utilizing the bracket, forms an integrated cooling device with the construction trolley, is connected with the phase change cold storage plate through the water distribution pipeline and the water collection pipeline, does not need to be repeatedly assembled and disassembled, and has the advantage of convenient operation.
In addition to the technical problems addressed by the present invention, the technical features constituting the technical solutions, and the advantages brought by the technical features of the technical solutions described above. To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, other technical problems that the present invention can solve, other technical features included in the technical solutions and advantages brought by the technical features will be more clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the tunnel phase change cold accumulation cooling operation;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchange tube arrangement;
FIG. 3 is a plan view of the cold storage chamber;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a cooling circuit arrangement;
in the figure: 1 is a primary lining; 2 is a heat exchange tube; 3 is an inverted arch; 4 is a second liner; 5 is a cold accumulation chamber; 6 is a phase change cold storage plate; 7 is a water diversion pipe; 8 is a water collecting pipe; 9 is a heat insulation layer; 10 is a movable shielding door; 11 is an internal circulation fan; 12 is an external circulation fan; 13 is a cooling construction trolley; 14 is a bracket; 15 is cooling tablet; 16 is a water pump; 17 is a palm surface; 18 is a surrounding rock; 19 is a transport vehicle.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
the tunnel cold accumulation and temperature reduction system of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1, a phase change cold accumulation plate 6 and a tunnel geothermal energy heat exchanger (mainly composed of heat exchange tubes 2) form a closed circulation cold accumulation system through a circulation pump, a water distribution tube 7 and a water collection tube 8, the cold accumulation system transmits cold energy to the phase change cold accumulation plate 6 arranged in a closed cold accumulation chamber 5, and the phase change cold accumulation plate 6 completing cold accumulation is conveyed to a tunnel by a transport vehicle 19 for tunnel face construction temperature reduction; specifically, a closed heat insulation space is formed behind a tunnel excavation face by using a heat insulation layer 9 and a movable shielding door 10; the cooling construction trolley 13 is provided with cooling fins 15, the cooling fins 15 and the phase change cold storage plate 6 form a closed circulation cooling system through a water pump 16 and a circulation pipeline, and the closed heat insulation space is cooled jointly by the cooling construction trolley 13, the external circulation ventilation 12 and the internal circulation ventilation 11.
As shown in fig. 2, the tunnel geothermal energy heat exchanger comprises a plurality of groups of heat exchange tubes 2, the heat exchange tubes can be arranged between a primary lining and a waterproof plate, in a hollow anchor rod, above an inverted arch of a tunnel and the like, each group of heat exchange tubes 2 is connected into a cold accumulation chamber 5 shown in fig. 3 through a water dividing pipe 7 and a water collecting pipe 8, and cold energy is transferred into a phase change cold accumulation plate 6 through a circulating pipeline.
As shown in fig. 4, the cooling pipeline is a circulation pipeline formed by connecting a cooling fin 15, a water distribution pipe 7, a water collection pipe 8 and a water pump 15 which are mounted on a support 14 of a cooling construction trolley 13 with the transported phase change cold storage plate 6, and the construction space is cooled by exchanging the cold energy of the phase change cold storage plate 6.
The environment intelligent monitoring system consists of a temperature sensor, a wind speed sensor, a humidity sensor, a data collector and an analysis processing system, and controls the working states of external circulation ventilation and internal circulation ventilation according to construction environment monitoring data.
When in use, the implementation process is as follows:
(1) before the second lining is applied, heat exchange pipelines are laid on the surface of the primary lining of the tunnel, in the hollow anchor rod, above the inverted arch and the like, and when the second lining concrete is poured, the heat exchange pipelines penetrate out of the side wall of the second lining concrete through the lower part of the longitudinal drain pipe;
(2) the water inlet and the water outlet of the heat exchange pipeline are respectively connected through a water distribution pipe and a water collection pipe, and are connected with the water outlet and the water inlet of a phase change cold accumulation plate in the cold accumulation chamber, and a closed circulating cold accumulation pipeline is formed by utilizing the driving of a circulating water pump;
(3) constructing a heat insulation layer on the surface of the primary lining hole wall behind the tunnel construction tunnel face, and installing a movable shielding door in the cross section of the tunnel to form a closed construction space;
(4) conveying the phase change cold accumulation plates into a closed construction space, respectively connecting the phase change cold accumulation plates with cooling sheets on a cooling trolley through a water distribution pipe and a water collection pipe, and driving the phase change cold accumulation plates by using a circulating water pump to form a closed circulating cooling pipeline;
(5) an internal circulating fan, an external circulating fan air supply pipeline, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an air speed sensor are arranged in a closed construction space;
(6) and intelligently controlling the ventilation mode and the ventilation quantity of the fan by utilizing an environment intelligent monitoring system.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The invention provides a brand-new thought and method for tunnel construction cooling, and the method and the way for realizing the technical scheme are many, and the preferred embodiment is provided by way of example. Numerous modifications, changes, and substitutions will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the invention. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the invention described herein may be employed in practicing the invention. It is intended that the following claims define the scope of the invention and that methods and structures within the scope of these claims and their equivalents be covered thereby. All the components not specified in the present embodiment can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a tunnel phase transition cold-storage cooling system, includes cold storage section and cooling section, its characterized in that:
the cold accumulation section is a closed circulating system consisting of a tunnel geothermal energy heat exchanger, a water pump, a water distribution pipe, a water collection pipe and a phase change cold accumulation plate in the cold accumulation chamber; the phase change cold accumulation plate completes cold accumulation in the cold accumulation chamber, and is transported to the cooling section along the tunnel and connected with the cooling section;
the cooling section is arranged close to the tunnel construction surface and comprises a cooling construction trolley, a heat insulation layer, a movable shielding door, an external circulation ventilation system, an internal circulation ventilation system and an intelligent environment monitoring system; the heat insulation layer and the movable shielding door form a closed heat insulation space behind the tunnel excavation face; the cooling sheet on the cooling construction trolley, the water pump, the water distribution pipe, the water collection pipe and the phase change cold storage plate form a closed circulation cooling system, and the closed heat insulation space is cooled jointly by the cooling construction trolley, the external circulation ventilation and the internal circulation ventilation;
the cold accumulation system transmits cold energy to the phase change cold accumulation plate which is arranged in the closed cold accumulation chamber, and the phase change cold accumulation plate which completes cold accumulation is transported to the tunnel by the transport vehicle and used for tunnel face construction cooling, and the cold accumulation system comprises the following steps:
step 1, before constructing a secondary lining, laying heat exchange pipelines on the surface of a primary lining of a tunnel, in a hollow anchor rod and above an inverted arch, and when pouring secondary lining concrete, enabling the heat exchange pipelines to penetrate out of a secondary lining concrete side wall through the lower part of a longitudinal drain pipe;
step 2, the water distribution pipe and the water collection pipe are respectively connected with a water inlet and a water outlet of the heat exchange pipeline and connected with a water outlet and a water inlet of a phase change cold accumulation plate in the cold accumulation chamber, and a closed circulating cold accumulation pipeline is formed by driving of a circulating water pump;
step 3, constructing a heat insulation layer on the surface of the primary lining hole wall behind the tunnel construction tunnel face, and installing a movable shielding door in the cross section of the tunnel to form a closed construction space;
step 4, conveying the phase change cold accumulation plates into a closed construction space, respectively connecting the phase change cold accumulation plates with cooling fins on a cooling trolley through a water distribution pipe and a water collection pipe, and driving the phase change cold accumulation plates by using a circulating water pump to form a closed circulating cooling pipeline;
step 5, distributing an internal circulating fan, an external circulating fan air supply pipeline, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an air speed sensor in the closed construction space;
and 6, intelligently controlling the ventilation mode and the ventilation quantity of the fan by using the environment intelligent monitoring system.
2. The tunnel phase change cold storage cooling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tunnel geothermal energy heat exchanger comprises a plurality of groups of heat exchange pipelines, and the heat exchange pipelines are arranged between the primary lining and the waterproof plate, in the hollow anchor rod and above the tunnel inverted arch.
3. The tunnel phase change cold storage cooling system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the cooling construction trolley comprises a support, a cooling piece, a water distribution pipe and a water collection pipe.
4. The tunnel phase change cold storage cooling system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the environment intelligent monitoring system comprises a temperature sensor, a wind speed sensor, a humidity sensor, a data acquisition unit and an analysis processing system, and controls the working states of external circulation ventilation and internal circulation ventilation according to construction environment monitoring data.
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| CN110905581B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-15 | 湖南工程学院 | Movable type excavation roadway cooling equipment |
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