CN109942496B - 2-(α-羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物的制备方法 - Google Patents

2-(α-羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109942496B
CN109942496B CN201910323116.1A CN201910323116A CN109942496B CN 109942496 B CN109942496 B CN 109942496B CN 201910323116 A CN201910323116 A CN 201910323116A CN 109942496 B CN109942496 B CN 109942496B
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江智勇
乔保坤
赵筱薇
李春阳
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Henan Normal University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种光学纯2‑(α‑羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物的制备方法,具体为:将1‑叔丁氧羰基‑2‑芳甲酰基‑苯并咪唑与光敏剂、N‑苯基哌啶和手性催化剂及有机溶剂混合,在不高于‑78℃条件下,用真空泵脱气2‑3次,每次5~10min,随后置于‑28~‑32℃用3~10W蓝灯照射,反应20~48小时,反应结束后,柱层析分离、旋转蒸发,真空干燥即制得产物。本发明提供了一种直接高效、通用地合成光学纯2‑(α‑羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物的方法,该方法具有反应条件温和、收率高、底物普适性好等优点。

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2-(α-羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于有机化合物合成技术领域,具体涉及一类光学纯2-(α-羟基芳基)苯并咪唑(HBB)类化合物的制备方法。
背景技术
羟基和苯并咪唑是多种具有生理活性分子的重要结构单元,因此实现这两个结构单元的结合在药物研发中有着潜在的应用价值。例如,2-(α-羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物具有抑制病毒RNA增值的功效(I. Tamm, H. J. Eggers, Science1963, 142, 24−33; S.B. Kadin, H. J. Eggers, I. Tamm, Nature1964, 201, 639−640; S. Akihama, M.Okude, K. Sato, S. Iwabuchi, Nature1968, 217, 562; I. Tamm, H. J. Eggers, R.Nature1969, 223, 785; D. G. O'Sullivan, A. K. Wallis, J. Med. Chem.1972, 15,103.);2-(α-羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物与顺铂联用能够降低顺铂毒性(M. Gökçe, S.Utku, S. Gür, A. Özkul, F. Gümüs, Eur. J. Med. Chem.2005, 40, 135);HBB与其他药物联用可用于拮抗组胺h4受体(PCT Int. Appl., 2012041860)及拮抗血管紧张素II受体(International Journal of Drug Delivery, 2010, 2, 265)等。已报道的合成2-(α-羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物的常见方法是利用邻苯二胺与手性2-羟基-2-苯乙酸的缩合反应,如文献,N. Maraš, M. Kočevar, Helvetica Chimica Acta, 2011, 94, 1860; M.Gökçe, S. Utku, S. Gür, A. Özkul, F. Gümüs, Eur. J. Med. Chem.2005, 40, 135。
然而现有的这些合成方法存在产率低,反应温度较高,手性2-羟基-2-苯乙酸需预先合成,底物普适性差等缺点,这无疑限制了其应用范围。
发明内容
本发明目的在于克服现有技术缺陷,提供一类光学纯2-(α-羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物的通用制备方法,该方法具有反应条件温和、收率高、无需预合成手性2-羟基-2-苯乙酸、底物普适性好等优点。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一类2-(α-羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物的制备方法,其具有以下化学结构通式:
Figure 858573DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
; 式中Ar为芳基;制备过程如下:
将1-叔丁氧羰基-2-芳甲酰基-苯并咪唑与光敏剂、N-苯基哌啶和手性催化剂及有机溶剂混合,在不高于-78℃条件下,用真空泵脱气2-3次,每次5 ~ 10min,随后置于-28 ~-32℃用3~10W蓝灯照射,反应20~48小时,反应结束后,柱层析分离、旋转蒸发,真空干燥即制得产物。
具体的,1-叔丁氧羰基-2-芳甲酰基-苯并咪唑、光敏剂、N-苯基哌啶、手性催化剂的摩尔比为1:0.005~0.01:2:0.10~0.12,摩尔比优选1:0.005:2:0.10。反应条件优选在-30℃、3W蓝灯照射下反应48小时。
具体的,所述的光敏剂为二氰基吡嗪类光敏分子,例如,5,6-二-(2-(5-甲氧基)噻吩基)-2,3-二氰基吡嗪(简称DPZ)。所述的手性催化剂为(R)-2,2',3,3'-四氢-1,1'-螺二[1H-茚]-7,7'-二醇衍生的螺环磷酸,即3,3'位为4-(9,9-二苯基芴)基取代的螺环磷酸(简称CPA)。所述的有机溶剂为环戊基甲基醚(CPME)。
进一步的,所述的芳基为苯基、4-甲基苯基或4-氟苯基,也即对应的1-叔丁氧羰基-2-芳甲酰基-苯并咪唑分别为1-叔丁氧羰基-2-苯甲酰基-苯并咪唑、1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(4-甲基苯甲酰基)-苯并咪唑或1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(4-氟苯甲酰基)-苯并咪唑。
上述的1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物的合成路线如下所示:
Figure 743353DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
和现有技术相比,本发明制备方法的有益效果:
本发明提供了一种直接高效、通用地合成光学纯2-(α-羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物的方法。该方法具有反应条件温和、收率高、底物普适性好等优点。
附图说明
图1为实施例中1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基苯基)苯并咪唑的氢谱;
图2为实施例中1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基苯基)苯并咪唑的碳谱;
图3为实施例中非手性1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基苯基)苯并咪唑的高效液相图谱;
图4为实施例中手性1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基苯基)苯并咪唑的高效液相图谱。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的技术方案作进一步地详细介绍,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此。
下述实施例中,所用光敏剂为5,6-二-(2-(5-甲氧基)噻吩基)-2,3-二氰基吡嗪(DPZ),其合成参考以下文献:Y. Zhao, C. Zhang, K. F. Chin, O. Pytela, G. Wei, H.Liu, F. Bureš, Z. Jiang, Dicyanopyrazine-derived push–pull chromophores forhighly efficient photoredox catalysis RSC Adv.2014, 4, 30062.。
所用手性催化剂为3,3'位为4-(9,9-二苯基芴)基取代的螺环磷酸(CPA),其合成参考如下文献:F. Xu, D. Huang, C. Han, W. Shen, X. Lin, Y. Wang, SPINOL-Derived Phosphoric Acids: Synthesis and Application in EnantioselectiveFriedel-Crafts Reaction of Indoles with Imines. J. Org. Chem.2010, 75, 8677.。
所用原料1-叔丁氧羰基-2-苯甲酰基-苯并咪唑、1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(4-甲基苯甲酰基)-苯并咪唑、1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(4-氟苯甲酰基)-苯并咪唑,其合成可参考如下文献:BLi, S Mai, Q Song, Synthesis of fused benzimidazoles via successivenucleophilic additions of benzimidazole derivatives to arynes undertransition metal-free conditions. Org. Chem. Front.2018, 5, 1639-1642.。
实施例1 1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基苯基)苯并咪唑的制备,结构式如下所示:
Figure 807124DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
制备过程:在一干燥25 mL schlenk管加入1-叔丁氧羰基-2-苯甲酰基-苯并咪唑(0.097 g, 0.3 mmol)、光敏剂(0.00053 g, 0.0015 mmol)、N-苯基哌啶(0.097 g, 0.6mmol)和手性螺环磷酸催化剂(0.028 g, 0.03 mmol),继续加入环戊基甲基醚5 mL,-78℃条件下,用真空泵脱气3次,每次5min,然后置于-30℃用3W蓝灯照射反应48小时。完全反应后,柱层析分离(石油醚/乙酸乙酯 = 20/1 ~ 8/1)、旋蒸浓缩、真空干燥(25℃下干燥1个小时)即可得1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基苯基)苯并咪唑(0.079 g, 0.243 mmol),收率81%。其氢谱和碳谱的图谱检测结果如下所示(详见图1和2):
1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.88 (m, 1H), 7.75 (dd, J = 5.5, 3.2 Hz,1H), 7.33 (ddd, J = 15.3, 7.4, 4.7 Hz, 7H), 7.06 (s, 1H), 4.69 (s, 1H), 1.54(s, 9H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 152.1, 151.5, 136.7, 128.9, 128.8, 127.0,122.9, 83.6, 74.6, 27.6。
实施例1制备所得化合物对映体超量通过高效液相分析手性柱测试,手性柱信息如下:来自美国菲罗门(phenomenex),规格为Lux® 5 µm Cellulose-4 LC Column 250 x4.6 mm, Ea,货号为00G-4491-E0;流动相为正己烷和异丙醇,其比例为正己烷/异丙醇 =60/40;流速为 1毫升/分钟;检测时吸收波长为254 nm;吸收峰保留时间6.1分钟和10.5分钟;对映体超量95%(结果见图3和4),具体信息见表1和2。
表1,非手性1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基苯基)苯并咪唑测试结果
Figure 802762DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
表2,手性1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基苯基)苯并咪唑测试结果
Figure 268378DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
实施例1制备所得化合物1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基苯基)苯并咪唑用三氟乙酸脱除Boc保护后,即可得2-(α-羟基苯基)苯并咪唑(HBB),其结构可见文献M. Gökçe, S.Utku, Synthesis, in vitro cytotoxic and antiviral activity of cis-[Pt(R(–)and S(+)-2-a-hydroxybenzyl benzimidazole)2 Cl2] complexes, Eur. J. Med. Chem.2005, 40, 135。
实施例2 1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基-4-甲基苯基)苯并咪唑的制备,结构式如下所示:
Figure 58479DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
制备过程:在一干燥25 mL schlenk管中加入1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(4-甲基苯甲酰基)-苯并咪唑(0.1 g, 0.3 mmol),光敏剂(0.00053 g, 0.0015 mmol),N-苯基哌啶(0.097g, 0.6 mmol)和手性螺环磷酸催化剂(0.028 g, 0.03 mmol),继续加入环戊基甲基醚5mL,-78℃条件下,用真空泵脱气3次,每次5min,然后置于-30℃用3W蓝灯照射反应48小时。完全反应后,柱层析分离(石油醚/乙酸乙酯 = 20/1 ~ 8/1)、旋蒸浓缩、真空干燥(25℃下干燥1个小时)即可制得1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基-4-甲基苯基)苯并咪唑(0.087 g, 0.258mmol),收率86%,对映体超量90%。其图谱检测结果如下所示:
1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.86 (m, 1H), 7.72-7.25 (m, 7H), 7.03 (s,1H), 4.62 (s, 1H), 2.33 (s, 3H), 1.52 (s, 9H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ151.8, 151.2, 138.2, 136.9, 136.6, 128.6, 128.4, 126.8, 122.5, 83.4, 74.3,27.4, 21.4。
实施例3 1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基-4-氟苯基)苯并咪唑的制备,结构式如下所示:
Figure 609546DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
制备过程:在一干燥25mL schlenk管中加入1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(4-氟苯甲酰基)-苯并咪唑(0.1 g, 0.3 mmol),光敏剂(0.00053 g, 0.0015 mmol),N-苯基哌啶(0.097 g,0.6 mmol)和手性螺环磷酸催化剂(0.028 g, 0.03 mmol),继续加入环戊基甲基醚5 mL,-78℃条件下,用真空泵脱气3次,每次5min,然后置于-30℃用3W蓝灯照射反应48小时。完全反应后,柱层析分离(石油醚/乙酸乙酯 = 20/1 ~ 8/1)、旋蒸浓缩、真空干燥(25℃下干燥1个小时)即可制得1-叔丁氧羰基-2-(α-羟基-4-氟苯基)苯并咪唑(0.075 g, 0.228 mmol),收率76%,对映体超量90%。其图谱检测结果如下所示:
1H NMR (300 MHz, CDCl3) δ 7.90 (m, 1H), 7.82-7.31 (m, 7H), 7.06 (s,1H), 4.71 (s, 1H), 1.55 (s, 9H); 13C NMR (75 MHz, CDCl3) δ 152.2, 151.4,138.5, 137.1, 136.1, 128.9, 128.6, 126.9, 122.8, 83.3, 74.6, 27.9; 19F NMR(376 MHz, CDCl3) δ -105.11。

Claims (2)

1.一类光学纯2-(α-羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,具有以下化学结构通式:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
; 式中Ar为芳基;制备过程如下:
将1-叔丁氧羰基-2-芳甲酰基-苯并咪唑与光敏剂、N-苯基哌啶和手性催化剂及有机溶剂混合,在不高于-78℃条件下,用真空泵脱气2-3次,每次5 ~ 10min,随后置于-28 ~ -32℃用3~10W蓝灯照射,反应20~48小时,反应结束后,柱层析分离、旋转蒸发,真空干燥即制得产物;
所述的光敏剂为二氰基吡嗪类光敏分子;
所述的手性催化剂为(R)-2,2',3,3'-四氢-1,1'-螺二[1H-茚]-7,7'-二醇衍生的螺环磷酸;
所述的有机溶剂为环戊基甲基醚;
所述的芳基为苯基、4-甲基苯基或4-氟苯基。
2.如权利要求1 所述光学纯2-(α-羟基芳基)苯并咪唑类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于,1-叔丁氧羰基-2-芳甲酰基-苯并咪唑、光敏剂、N-苯基哌啶、手性催化剂的摩尔比为1:0.005~0.01:2:0.10~0.12。
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