CN109939567B - Membrane separator composed of components and separation method - Google Patents

Membrane separator composed of components and separation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109939567B
CN109939567B CN201910162825.6A CN201910162825A CN109939567B CN 109939567 B CN109939567 B CN 109939567B CN 201910162825 A CN201910162825 A CN 201910162825A CN 109939567 B CN109939567 B CN 109939567B
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membrane
flexible
micropore
micropores
base
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CN109939567A (en
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王世光
王懋宁
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Harbin Wanshui Technology Co ltd
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Harbin Wanshui Technology Co ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131Reverse-osmosis

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  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

A membrane separator composed of components and a separation method. At present, in the use process of the membrane, membrane pollution and cleaning are unavoidable in the membrane process, and the membrane flux gradually decreases due to the membrane pollution, so that the use period of the membrane is relatively short, and even the membrane is disposable. A membrane separator comprised of modules, the composition comprising: the flexible membrane (1) and the membrane base (2), the flexible membrane is inlaid in the membrane base, the top surface of the flexible membrane and the top surface of the membrane base are on the same horizontal plane, M shafts (3) with the same structure are arranged on the left side and the right side of the lower end of the membrane base, N shafts (4) with the same structure are arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper end of the membrane base, the axes of the two M shafts are on a straight line and the axes of the two N shafts are on another straight line, the flexible membrane is of a rectangular structure, and the length of the flexible membrane is the same as the length of the membrane base. The surface A or the surface B of the flexible membrane is carved with closely adjacent half micropores, and when the half micropores are closely contacted with the surface C of the membrane base and are pressed by a pressing plate, micropore lines are formed, and N groups of flexible membranes and the membrane base can be built into a membrane'. The solid cone nozzle at the end edge of the V-shaped groove is used for cleaning the gel layer at fixed time, so that the resistance generated by the gel layer is maintained at a lower level, when the pressure difference in the membrane separator exceeds a set value due to the blockage of micropores by particles or solutes, the pressure plate is lifted, the left and right movable plates are moved left and the half microporous wall is exposed, the nozzle above the V-shaped groove is used for cleaning attachments on the microporous wall, the membrane flux is restored to an initial state, and the service life of the membrane is effectively prolonged. The invention is applied to the membrane separator.

Description

Membrane separator composed of components and separation method
Technical field:
The invention relates to a membrane separator formed by components and a separation method.
The background technology is as follows:
Membrane separation technology has become an important technology for solving the current energy, resource and environmental pollution problems, and is applied in the fields of sea water desalination, environmental protection, petrochemical industry, energy saving technology, clean production, biology, medicine, light industry, food, electronics, textile, metallurgy, energy and bionics.
At present, in the use process of the membrane, membrane pollution and cleaning are unavoidable in the membrane process, and the membrane flux gradually decreases due to the membrane pollution, so that the use period of the membrane is relatively short, and even the membrane is disposable.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to provide a membrane separator formed by components and a separation method, breaks through the concept that the existing membrane is an integral one, proposes a mode of constructing the membrane by the components, and mainly solves the problems of short service life and replacement duty of the membrane. Through controlling the resistance generated by the gel layer, the cleaning liquid directly acts on the inner wall of the micropore to enable the membrane to be cleaned more thoroughly, and the initial membrane flux is maintained after cleaning, so that the service life of the membrane is prolonged.
The above object is achieved by the following technical scheme:
A membrane separator comprised of modules, the composition comprising: the flexible membrane is inlaid in the membrane base, the top surface of the flexible membrane and the top surface of the membrane base are on the same horizontal plane, M shafts with the same structure are arranged on the left side and the right side of the lower end of the membrane base, N shafts with the same structure are arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper end of the membrane base, the axes of the M shafts are on one straight line and the axes of the N shafts are on the other straight line, the flexible membrane is of a rectangular structure, and the length of the flexible membrane is the same as that of the membrane base.
The membrane separator is characterized by comprising a component, wherein the flexible membrane comprises an A surface and a B surface, the membrane base comprises a C surface, the A surface, the B surface and the C surface are all subjected to grinding and polishing surface treatment, and an intersecting line of the A surface and the B surface is an E line.
The membrane separator is characterized in that one surface of the surface A or the surface B is provided with a half-micropore which is closely adjacent to the other surface of the surface A or the surface B, or left-behind grain-shaped bulges and hollows formed by processing the flexible membrane, wherein the hollow structure is the half-micropore, and the half-micropore is attached to the surface C to form micropores.
The membrane separator is characterized in that the membrane separator is composed of components, the M shaft and the N shaft are sleeved in round holes on the left and right fixed plates and the left and right movable plates respectively, and the number and the diameter of the round holes are corresponding to those of the M shaft and the N shaft.
The separation method of the membrane separator formed by the components comprises the following steps:
(1) When the E line and the C surface of the flexible diaphragm are in a contact state, the film forming state is built, the half micropore and the C surface are built into a complete micropore line, the piston drives the pressing plate to downwards drive the flexible diaphragm to be in full contact with the C surface, and a plurality of groups of flexible diaphragms and film bases, such as N groups of flexible diaphragms and film bases, are arranged side by side, N-1 micropore lines are built, and the N-1 micropore lines are built to form a film.
(2) In the membrane process, particles and solutes which are larger than micropores are mostly deposited in a V-shaped groove formed by the A surface of the flexible membrane and the C surface of the membrane base, gel layers and concentration polarization are formed along with time extension, solid cone nozzle spray liquid at the end edge of the V-shaped groove can remove particles, solutes, gel layers and the like in the V-shaped groove through impact force, the gel layers can be removed at regular time, and the water permeability rate can be reduced or eliminated, so that the membrane is effectively recovered.
(3) When the gel layer of the V-shaped groove is cleaned frequently, the adsorption and blockage of particles in micropores are mainly contradictory, when the membrane is polluted to a certain extent, the pressure difference in the membrane separator is increased, after the pressure difference reaches a set value, the controller starts the flexible membrane pressing device to separate from the flexible membrane, then starts the motor or the electromagnetic tractor to pull the left movable plate and the right movable plate leftwards, and the left movable plate and the right movable plate drive N membrane bases to rotate leftwards by taking the M shaft as the center.
(4) When the E line and the C surface are in a separated state, a fan-shaped nozzle above the A surface of the flexible diaphragm starts to spray liquid, namely a cleaning state, and as the E line and the C surface are separated from contact, half micropores are not shielded and fully exposed, flushing liquid directly acts on the walls of the half micropores to flush solutes, particles and the like attached to the walls of the micropores, and the gel layer near the micropores is torn and stripped by the flushing liquid while the E line and the C surface are separated, so that the cleaning effect is more thorough, and the membrane flux is restored to an initial state.
(5) After the cleaning is finished, the motor stops working, the left movable plate and the right movable plate rotate rightwards under the action of the right-end spring, so that the E line is contacted with the C surface again, the piston drives the pressing plate to move downwards to the flexible membrane, the flexible membrane is contacted with the C surface again tightly, and the membrane process is restarted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. In the working process of the invention, when the E line and the C surface of the flexible diaphragm are in a contact state, as shown in fig. 4, a film forming state is built, a half micropore and the C surface are built into a complete micropore line, the flexible diaphragm is driven by a piston to downwards move down to comprehensively contact the C surface, a plurality of groups of flexible diaphragms and film bases, such as N, are arranged side by side, N-1 micropore lines are built, and the N-1 micropore lines are built into a film. In the membrane process, particles and solutes which are larger than micropores are mostly deposited in a V-shaped groove formed by the A surface of the flexible membrane and the C surface of the membrane base, gel layers and concentration polarization are formed along with time extension, solid cone nozzle spray liquid at the end edge of the V-shaped groove can remove particles, solutes, gel layers and the like in the V-shaped groove through impact force, the gel layers can be removed at regular time, and the water permeability rate can be reduced or eliminated, so that the membrane is effectively recovered. When the gel layer of the V-shaped groove is cleaned frequently, the adsorption and blockage of particles in micropores are mainly contradicted, when the membrane is polluted to a certain extent, the pressure difference in the membrane separator is increased, after the pressure difference reaches a set value, the controller starts the flexible membrane pressing device to separate the flexible membrane, then the motor or the electromagnetic tractor is started to pull the left movable plate and the right movable plate leftwards, the left movable plate and the right movable plate drive N membrane bases to rotate leftwards by taking the M axis as a center, when the E line and the C surface are in a separated state (see figure 3), a fan-shaped nozzle above the A surface of the flexible membrane starts to spray liquid, namely, the cleaning state, and as the E line and the C surface are separated from contact, the half micropores are not shielded, are fully exposed, the flushing liquid directly acts on the half microporous wall, the solute, the particles and the like are washed and adhered on the hole wall, the E line and the C surface are separated, and the gel layer near the micropores is torn off and stripped by the flushing liquid, so that the cleaning effect is more thorough, the membrane flux is restored to an initial state, the service life of the membrane is greatly prolonged, and the replacement period of the membrane is greatly prolonged. After the cleaning is finished, the motor stops working, the left movable plate and the right movable plate rotate rightwards under the action of the right-end spring, so that the E line is contacted with the C surface again, the piston drives the pressing plate to move downwards to the flexible membrane, the flexible membrane is contacted with the C surface again tightly, and the membrane process is restarted.
2. The invention provides a mode of constructing the membrane by using the assembly, and mainly solves the problems of short service life and replacement duty of the membrane, so that the membrane is thoroughly cleaned, the initial membrane flux is maintained after cleaning, and the service life of the membrane is further prolonged.
3. The main measures are as follows:
(1) The micropores are gathered on the same straight line, and meanwhile, some particles, solutes and the like which are bigger than the micropores are gathered in the V-shaped groove through the V-shaped groove, and the particles, the solutes and the like are removed through the regular spraying of the solid cone nozzle, so that the resistance brought by the particles, the solutes and the like can be maintained at a lower level.
(2) The semi-micropores on the surface A of the flexible membrane and the surface C of the membrane base can be built into micropores and can be separated from each other, so that flushing liquid can be directly sprayed on the walls of the micropores, no dead angle is generated in cleaning, and the membrane flux is restored to an initial state.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure in the state of setting up the film formation.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the state of the membrane at the time of cleaning.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a half-micropore processed on the A-plane.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a structure of a chamfer half-micropore on the A face.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a half-micropore processed on the B-side.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of a structure of a half-micropore beveled on the B-side.
In the figure: 1. the flexible membrane comprises a flexible membrane body, 2, a membrane base, 3, an M axis, 4, an N axis, 5, an E line, 6, a half micropore, 1-1, an A surface, 1-2, a B surface, 2-1 and a C surface.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
Example 1:
A membrane separator comprised of modules, the composition comprising: the flexible membrane 1 and the membrane base 2, the flexible membrane inlay in the membrane base, just the top surface of flexible membrane with the top surface of membrane base on same horizontal plane, membrane base lower extreme left and right sides all be provided with the same M axle 3 of structure, membrane base upper end left and right sides all be provided with the same N axle 4 of structure, two the M axle center on a straight line and two the axle center of N axle on another straight line, flexible membrane be rectangular structure, just the length of flexible membrane with membrane base length the same.
Example 2:
the membrane separator of embodiment 1, wherein the flexible membrane comprises an a-side 1-1 and a B-side 1-2, the membrane base comprises a C-side 2-1, the a-side, the B-side and the C-side are subjected to polishing surface treatment, and an intersecting line of the a-side and the B-side is an E-line 5.
Example 3:
The membrane separator according to embodiment 1 or 2, wherein one of the surface a or the surface B is processed with a half-micropore 6 that is closely adjacent to each other, or a structure of the hollow is a half-micropore that is formed by processing the flexible membrane to form a legacy pattern of ridges and hollows, and the half-micropore is attached to the surface C to form micropores.
Example 4:
The membrane separator according to embodiment 1,2 or 3, wherein the M-axis and the N-axis are respectively sleeved in circular holes on the left and right fixed plates and the left and right movable plates, and the number and the diameter of the circular holes correspond to those of the M-axis and the N-axis.
Example 5:
The novel membrane separator formed by components (hereinafter referred to as membrane bodies) comprises the following components: the device comprises a dry film base, a plurality of flexible diaphragms, left and right fixing plates, left and right movable plates, a motor or electromagnetic tractor, springs, steel ropes, a flexible diaphragm pressing device, a controller, a fan-shaped nozzle, a solid cone nozzle spraying device and the like.
Example 6:
the lower end of the membrane base is provided with an M axis on a straight line, the upper end of the membrane base is provided with an N axis on a straight line, the flexible membrane is inlaid on the membrane base, the A surface, the B surface and the C surface of the membrane base of the flexible membrane are subjected to surface treatment such as grinding and polishing, the intersecting line of the A surface and the B surface (called E line for short), and one of the A surface and the B surface is etched, photoetched or processed by other processing methods to form half micropores (such as micron-level half micropores and nanometer-level half micropores) which are closely adjacent. Referring to fig. 5 to 8, or the left-behind ridges and depressions (half-micropores) formed by the process of processing the flexible membrane, micropores may be formed when the half-micropores are closely adhered to the C-plane.
Example 7:
The left and right fixing plates are provided with round holes (Q holes for short) and M shafts on the membrane base, the number and the size of the M shafts are mutually corresponding, and the M shafts are sleeved in the Q holes.
The left and right movable plates are provided with round holes (P holes for short) which correspond to the N shafts on the membrane base in number and size, and the N shafts are sleeved in the P holes.
Example 8:
The flexible diaphragm pressing device consists of a spring, a hydraulic piston, a water inlet electromagnetic valve, a water outlet electromagnetic valve, a pressing plate and the like, and is positioned above the flexible diaphragm, when the flexible diaphragm is closed with the C surface, the water inlet electromagnetic valve is controlled to be opened by the controller, the water outlet electromagnetic valve is closed, and the liquid is pressurized to the piston. The piston drives the pressing plate to move downwards so as to enable the flexible membrane to be in close contact with the C surface, so that the possibility of incomplete close contact between the flexible membrane and the C surface is eliminated, the half micropores of the flexible membrane and the C surface form complete micropores, when the flexible membrane is required to leave the C surface, the water outlet electromagnetic valve is opened, the water inlet electromagnetic valve is closed, and under the action of a spring, the piston drives the pressing plate to move upwards so as to be separated from the flexible membrane.
The controller is a membrane separation control center and consists of a plurality of electronic elements and programming software.
Example 9:
the invention can be divided into a model with left and right movable plates moving leftwards and a model with left and right movable plates moving rightwards, and the left and right movable plates are taken as examples (the same applies below) in the illustration, a motor or an electromagnetic tractor is connected with the left ends of the left and right movable plates, and a spring is connected with the right ends of the left and right movable plates.
Etching, photolithography or other processing techniques are used to form closely adjacent half-micropores on the a-side of the flexible membrane, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, when the E-line contacts the C-side, a microporous line can be formed, and the N membranes form a "membrane separator".
Etching or photoetching or other processing technology is used to form closely adjacent half micropores on the B surface of the membrane, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, when the E line contacts the C surface, a micropore line can be formed, and N flexible membranes form a 'membrane separator'.
When the flexible membrane is processed, the processing technology forms grain-shaped bulges and depressions (half micropores) on the surface material, and when the E line is contacted with the C surface, closely adjacent micropores can be formed, and N flexible membranes form a membrane separator.
The surface treatment such as grinding, polishing and the like is carried out on the surface A, the surface B and the surface C of each film body, the relative positions between the surface A and the surface B include but are not limited to being perpendicular to each other, etching is carried out on one of the surface A or the surface B of the flexible film body and the line E in the vertical direction, half-micropores are processed by photoetching or other processing methods, or left-behind grain-shaped ridges and pits (half-micropores) formed by the process of processing the flexible film body, when the flexible film body is arranged as shown in fig. 3, and the line E and the surface C are completely contacted, the line E and the surface C are built into complete micropore lines, and N film bodies form a film.
When N flexible membranes rotate left by taking the M axis as the center, the N axis (left and right movable plates are moved left in this example) is in a state that E lines are separated from C surfaces, namely a cleaning state is realized, at the moment, the inner walls of the half micropores are completely exposed, the C surfaces are completely not shielded, cleaning liquid can clean the inner walls of the half micropores and the C surfaces more directly and with larger striking force, the half micropores and the C surfaces can be cleaned more thoroughly, the initial state is recovered, and the membrane flux is recovered to the initial membrane flux.
The flexible diaphragm pressing device is positioned above the flexible diaphragm, and when the flexible diaphragm is closed with the C surface, the piston drives the pressing plate to move downwards so that the flexible diaphragm is in close contact with the C surface, and the half micropores of the flexible diaphragm and the C surface form complete micropores.
Example 10:
The fan-shaped nozzle is positioned above the V-shaped groove formed by the surface A of the flexible diaphragm and the surface C of the diaphragm base, can horizontally move along the V-shaped groove and can step to be above each V-shaped groove; the solid cone nozzle is positioned at one of the two end edges of the V-shaped groove, the spray hole faces the V-shaped groove, and the solid cone nozzle can move to the end edge of each V-shaped groove in a stepping mode.

Claims (2)

1. A membrane separator comprised of modules, the composition comprising: flexible diaphragm and membrane base, characterized by: the flexible membrane is inlaid in the membrane base, the top surface of the flexible membrane and the top surface of the membrane base are on the same horizontal plane, M shafts with the same structure are arranged on the left side and the right side of the lower end of the membrane base, N shafts with the same structure are arranged on the left side and the right side of the upper end of the membrane base, the axes of the two M shafts are on a straight line and the axes of the two N shafts are on another straight line, the flexible membrane is of a rectangular structure, and the length of the flexible membrane is the same as the length of the membrane base; the flexible membrane comprises a surface A and a surface B, the membrane base comprises a surface C, the surface A, the surface B and the surface C are subjected to grinding and polishing surface treatment, and an intersecting line of the surface A and the surface B is an E line; one of the surfaces A or B is provided with a half micropore which is closely adjacent to each other or is formed by processing a flexible membrane, wherein the concave structure is a half micropore, the half micropore is closely attached to the surface C to form a micropore, when the flexible membrane E line is in contact with the surface C, the film forming state is built, the half micropore and the surface C are built into a complete micropore line, a plurality of groups of flexible membranes and membrane bases are built, N pieces of flexible membranes and membrane bases are arranged side by side, N-1 micropore lines are built, and the N-1 micropore lines are built into a membrane; the M shaft and the N shaft are sleeved in the round holes on the left and right fixed plates and the left and right movable plates respectively, and the number and the diameter of the round holes correspond to those of the M shaft and the N shaft; the membrane separator also includes a flexible membrane hold-down device, wherein the flexible membrane hold-down device includes a piston and a pressure plate, and the membrane hold-down device is positioned above the flexible membrane.
2. The separation method of a membrane separator composed of modules according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) When the E line and the C surface of the flexible diaphragm are in a contact state, a film forming state is built, a half micropore and the C surface are built into a complete micropore line, the flexible diaphragm is driven to be in full contact with the C surface by a pressing plate through a piston, a plurality of groups of flexible diaphragms and film bases are arranged side by side, N-1 micropore lines are built, and the N-1 micropore lines are built into a film;
(2) In the membrane process, particles and solutes which are larger than micropores are mostly deposited in a V-shaped groove formed by the A surface of the flexible membrane and the C surface of the membrane base, gel layers and concentration polarization are formed along with the extension of time, solid cone nozzle spray liquid positioned at the end edge of the V-shaped groove can remove the particles, the solutes and the gel layers in the V-shaped groove through impact force, the particles, the solutes and the gel layers are removed at fixed time, the gel layers can be reduced or eliminated, and the water permeability rate is effectively recovered;
(3) When the gel layer of the V-shaped groove is cleaned frequently, adsorption and blockage of particles in micropores are mainly contradicted, when the membrane is polluted to a certain extent, the pressure difference in the membrane separator is increased, after the pressure difference reaches a set value, the controller starts the flexible membrane pressing device to separate from the flexible membrane, the motor or the electromagnetic tractor is connected with the left ends of the left movable plate and the right movable plate, the spring is connected with the right ends of the left movable plate and the right movable plate, then the motor or the electromagnetic tractor is started to pull the left movable plate and the right movable plate leftwards, the left movable plate and the right movable plate drive N membrane bases to rotate leftwards by taking the M shaft as the center;
(4) When the E line and the C surface are in a separated state, a fan-shaped nozzle above the A surface of the flexible diaphragm starts to spray liquid, namely a cleaning state, and as the E line and the C surface are separated from contact, half micropores are not shielded and fully exposed, flushing liquid directly acts on the half micropores, and flushes solute and particles attached to the walls of the micropores, and when the E line and the C surface are separated, a gel layer near the micropores is torn and stripped by the flushing liquid, so that the cleaning effect is more thorough, and the membrane flux is restored to an initial state;
(5) After the cleaning is finished, the motor stops working, the left movable plate and the right movable plate rotate rightwards under the action of the right-end spring, so that the E line is contacted with the C surface again, the piston drives the pressing plate to move downwards to the flexible membrane, the flexible membrane is contacted with the C surface again tightly, and the membrane process is restarted.
CN201910162825.6A 2019-03-05 2019-03-05 Membrane separator composed of components and separation method Active CN109939567B (en)

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CN111099700B (en) * 2020-01-22 2024-08-06 哈尔滨万水科技有限公司 Long-life membrane separator and separation method

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