CN109937773B - High-light-effect environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-light-effect environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of mulching film production, in particular to a high-luminous-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-luminous-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film is formed by compounding a silver gray outer layer, a white middle layer and a white inner layer film into a whole; the composite mulching film prepared by the invention uses three linear low-density polyethylene, metallocene linear polyethylene, light stabilizing auxiliary agent, B225 type composite antioxidant and ultraviolet absorbent with different properties in raw materials, so that the product has the characteristics of high light efficiency, high heat preservation, strong soil moisture preservation performance, long service life and the like; the old film after the crops are harvested also has stronger physical and mechanical properties, the tensile strength is reduced less, and the film covering required for each crop is changed into one-time film covering for repeated use; the product is very easy to recover and sort, and has higher recycling value; on the basis of keeping the effects of warming, preserving soil moisture, weeding and preserving fertilizer of the mulching film, the method is convenient for the effective reuse of the recovered resources and reduces the environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mulching film production, in particular to a high-light-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The mulching film can improve the ground temperature, water retention, soil retention, fertilizer retention and fertilizer efficiency, kill weeds, prevent diseases and insects, prevent drought and waterlogging, inhibit salt and protect seedlings, improve near-ground photo-thermal conditions, and has strong pertinence and applicability to factors limiting agricultural development in the three north areas of China, such as low temperature, little rain, drought, poor ridge, short frost-free period and the like.
Common mulching films are: white mulching film, black mulching film, silver-gray double-color film, black-white double-sided mulching film and the like. The white mulching film has good light transmittance and quick ground temperature rise, and transplanted seedlings are easy to scald and generate weeds if the ground is uneven in spring and summer, so that the white mulching film is more common in use and needs to be used for weeding before the buds are planted. The thickness of the black mulching film is 0.015-0.02 mm, the light transmittance is low, the evaporation of water in soil can be effectively prevented, the growth of weeds can be inhibited, the temperature rising performance is slow, the ground covering can obviously reduce the ground temperature, inhibit the weeds and keep the soil humidity, the black mulching film is mainly suitable for vegetables (summer radishes, cabbages, spinach, autumn cucumbers and late tomatoes) and orchards which are cultivated in weed cluster plots and high-temperature seasons, is particularly suitable for high-temperature-resistant cultivation in summer and autumn, can create a good growth and development environment for crop roots, and improves the yield. The silver-gray double-color film is 0.008-0.015 mm in thickness, has light transmittance of about 60%, can reflect ultraviolet rays, has the effects of cooling, moisturizing and repelling aphids when covered on the ground, can increase ground reflected light, is beneficial to coloring fruits, can repel aphids and trialeurodes vaporariorum of vegetables, melons and fruits, relieves diseases, keeps water and soil, has weeding and other functions, is suitable for disease and insect prevention and heat-resistant cultivation of the vegetables, melons and tobacco in summer and autumn, and improves the quality of crops. The black-white two-side mulching film is a mulching film with black and white front and back sides and different colors. When the floor is covered, the black side is generally downward and the white side is upward. It not only has the function of covering with black mulch film, but also has the effect of reflecting light on white mulch film surface. Is suitable for the ground covering cultivation of greenhouse vegetables in autumn and winter, particularly for solanaceous vegetables, the cultivation effect is optimal, but the production cost is higher.
These plastic film life commonly used now is shorter, just damaged after once using, unable reuse to difficult degradation, when retrieving after the abandonment, difficult pick up totally, cause environmental pollution, influence the use of soil.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-light-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver-white three-layer composite mulching film and a preparation method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the conventional mulching film is short in service life and difficult to recycle.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a high-luminous-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film is formed by compounding a silver gray outer layer, a white middle layer and a white inner layer into a whole.
Preferably, the silver gray outer layer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-35% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 20-35% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene, 25-35% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene, 5-15% of NX9999SS type metallocene linear polyethylene, 5-10% of low-density polyethylene, 5-10% of high-density polyethylene, 3-10% of silver gray master batch, 0.6-1.2% of pesticide-resistant light stabilizer, 0.1-0.2% of B225 type composite antioxidant and 0.15-0.3% of ultraviolet absorbent;
the white intermediate layer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10-20% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 10-20% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene, 40-50% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene, 20-30% of NX9999SS type metallocene linear polyethylene, 3-5% of low-density polyethylene, 3-5% of high-density polyethylene, 2.5-6% of titanium white color master batch, 0.5-1.0% of pesticide-resistant light stabilizer, 0.2-0.5% of high-efficiency light stabilizer, 0.1-0.2% of B225 type composite antioxidant and 0.1-0.2% of ultraviolet absorbent;
the white inner layer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-35% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 20-35% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene, 25-35% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene, 5-15% of NX9999SS type metallocene linear polyethylene, 5-10% of low-density polyethylene, 5-10% of high-density polyethylene, 4-8% of titanium white color master batch, 0.6-1.2% of high-efficiency light stabilizer, 0.1-0.2% of B225 type composite antioxidant and 0.15-0.3% of ultraviolet absorbent.
Preferably, the low density polyethylene is 2426H type low density polyethylene with a higher melt flow rate.
Preferably, the high density polyethylene is 5000S type high density polyethylene.
The preparation method of the high-luminous-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film comprises the following steps:
weighing pesticide-resistant light stabilizer, B225 composite antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbent, 50% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 50% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene and 50% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene according to the proportion of the silver gray outer layer, uniformly mixing, adding into a plastic extruder, and processing into a silver gray outer layer master batch, wherein the temperature of the plastic extruder is 150-;
weighing pesticide-resistant light stabilizer, high-efficiency light stabilizer, B225 composite antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbent, 50% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 50% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene and 50% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene according to the proportion of the ingredients of the white middle layer, uniformly mixing, and adding a plastic extruder to process into a white middle layer master batch, wherein the temperature of the plastic extruder is 150-;
weighing a high-efficiency light stabilizer, a B225 composite antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorbent, 50% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 50% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene and 50% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene according to the proportion of the ingredients of the white inner layer, uniformly mixing, adding into a plastic extruder, and processing into a white inner layer master batch, wherein the temperature of the plastic extruder is 150-;
step four, uniformly mixing the rest materials with the silver gray outer layer master batch prepared in the step one according to the proportioning proportion of the silver gray outer layer, and putting the mixture into an outer layer film hopper of a plastic extruder; uniformly mixing the residual materials with the white intermediate layer master batch prepared in the step two according to the proportioning proportion of the white intermediate layer, and putting the mixture into an intermediate layer film hopper of a plastic extruder; and (3) uniformly mixing the residual materials with the white inner layer master batch prepared in the step three according to the proportioning ratio of the white inner layer, putting the mixture into an inner layer film hopper of a plastic extruder, starting the plastic extruder, compounding through a die head, blowing, slitting and rolling to prepare the high-light-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film.
The raw materials used in the invention are purchased from the market, wherein 7042 type linear low density polyethylene and 7042N type linear low density polyethylene are products of Lanzhou petrochemical company, 0209AA type linear low density polyethylene is a product of Hezi petrochemical company, the pesticide-resistant light stabilizer is an A400 type pesticide-resistant light stabilizer of American Sovier company, and the high-efficiency light stabilizer is a 900 type high-efficiency light stabilizer of the American Sovier company.
Wherein: 7042 type linear low density polyethylene contains slipping agent, and the prepared mulching film product has high transparency and brightness, but has small extrusion amount; 7042 the low density polyethylene contains no slipping agent, and the prepared mulching film product has low transparency and brightness but large extrusion amount; the melt flow rate of the two is 2.0g/10min, and the product has high elongation at break, good flexibility and lower tensile strength. The 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene does not contain a slipping agent, the transparency and the brightness of the manufactured mulching film product are low, the melt flow rate is 1.0g/10min, the elongation at break of the product is low, the flexibility is poor, but the tensile strength is high. The three are matched according to a scientific proportion, the performances of the three are mutually complemented, the production efficiency of the mulching film can be improved, the indexes of strength and elongation at break are improved, the quality is improved, and the service life is prolonged.
The NX9999SS type metallocene linear polyethylene does not contain a slipping agent, the melt flow rate is 1.0g/10min, and the transparency, the elongation, the flexibility, the puncture resistance, the aging resistance and the like of a film product are mainly improved.
The pesticide-resistant light stabilizer can prevent acidic pesticides on fruits and vegetables from splashing on the film to cause the film to age in advance, namely, the pesticides are neutralized through chemical reaction, and the service life of the film is prolonged.
The B225 type composite antioxidant is a composite auxiliary agent for preventing the film from being rapidly aged due to thermal oxidation in the processing process and the using process.
The ultraviolet absorbent is an auxiliary agent which absorbs and destroys ultraviolet rays in solar illumination in the using process of the film and prevents the film from being rapidly aged due to the ultraviolet irradiation.
The thickness of the prepared product is 0.01-0.03mm, and the width is 800-. The product should not have the defects of air bubbles, impurities, stripes, perforations, folds and the like which influence the use, and the film roll should be wound neatly and should not have obvious ribs.
The product prepared by the invention is used for the covering cultivation of crops such as fruits, vegetables and the like, and the using method comprises the following steps: the outer layer of the silver ash is upward, the film is tensioned and tightly attached to the ground when the film is laid, the thin films at the ridge heads and the ridge edges are buried in the soil for about 10 cm and tightly pressed by the soil, the thin films are tamped by feet, the key of tight, flat and wide covering the film is to be mastered, namely, the edges are tightly pressed, the film is tightly covered, the film surface is flat, and the visible light surface is wide.
Through inspection, the longitudinal/transverse tensile strength of the prepared product is not less than 1.8N, the right-angle tearing load is not less than 0.8N, the elongation at break is not less than 500%, and the elongation at break is improved by 3-6 times compared with that of the common mulching film. The anti-aging and pesticide-resistant novel technology is adopted to improve the aging resistance and strength of the mulching film, the high-light-efficiency weather-resistant environment-friendly mulching film with the thickness of more than 0.016mm can be used for three to five years, and the high-light-efficiency weather-resistant environment-friendly mulching film with the thickness of 0.16mm can be used for more than eight years.
Nominal thickness and cover application time of the product are shown in table 1
TABLE 1
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the high-light-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant composite mulching film prepared by the invention, three linear low-density polyethylene, metallocene linear polyethylene, a light stabilizing auxiliary agent, a B225 type composite antioxidant and an ultraviolet absorbent which have different properties are used in raw materials, so that the product has the characteristics of high light efficiency, high heat preservation, strong soil moisture conservation performance, long service life and the like; the old film after the crops are harvested also has stronger physical and mechanical properties, the tensile strength is reduced less, and the film covering required for each crop is changed into one-time film covering for repeated use; the product is very easy to recover and sort, and has higher recycling value; on the basis of keeping the effects of warming, preserving soil moisture, weeding and preserving fertilizer of the mulching film, the method is convenient for the effective reuse of the recovered resources and reduces the environmental pollution.
(2) When the product prepared by the invention is used, the silver gray surface faces upwards, the product can reflect sunlight to prevent diseases and pests of crops from approaching when being covered on the field, and the white inner layer faces downwards to reduce heat radiation outwards so as to achieve the effects of high heat preservation and soil moisture preservation; the silver gray outer layer has the function of strongly reflecting ultraviolet rays, can repel pests such as winged aphid thrips and the like, and lightens the virus harm; the fruit back light has a strong light reflecting function, and can increase the coloring of the back light part of the fruit; the strong light reflection effect can effectively reduce the ground temperature. Under the same condition, the ground temperature is reduced by about 2-4 ℃ compared with that of the black mulching film. The higher heat effect ensures that the earth surface temperature has better heat preservation effect at night and in winter and reduces the temperature difference.
(3) The invention breaks through the traditional single-layer mulching film and two-layer film compounding process, and adopts a novel three-layer compounding technology, so that the silver gray and white surfaces of the mulching film are clearer, and the light reflecting and shading performance is more excellent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-light-efficiency, environment-friendly and weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the master batch in steps one to three in the preparation method of the high-luminous-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver-white three-layer composite mulching film;
fig. 3 is a process flow diagram of a fourth step in the preparation method of the high-luminous-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver-white three-layer composite mulching film.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The high-light-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film shown in figure 1 is formed by compounding a silver gray outer layer, a white middle layer and a white inner layer into a whole.
The silver gray outer layer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-35% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 20-35% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene, 25-35% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene, 5-15% of NX9999SS type metallocene linear polyethylene, 5-10% of low-density polyethylene, 5-10% of high-density polyethylene, 3-10% of silver gray master batch, 0.6-1.2% of pesticide-resistant light stabilizer, 0.1-0.2% of B225 type composite antioxidant and 0.15-0.3% of ultraviolet absorbent;
the white intermediate layer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10-20% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 10-20% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene, 40-50% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene, 20-30% of NX9999SS type metallocene linear polyethylene, 3-5% of low-density polyethylene, 3-5% of high-density polyethylene, 2.5-6% of titanium white color master batch, 0.5-1.0% of pesticide-resistant light stabilizer, 0.2-0.5% of high-efficiency light stabilizer, 0.1-0.2% of B225 type composite antioxidant and 0.1-0.2% of ultraviolet absorbent;
the white inner layer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-35% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 20-35% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene, 25-35% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene, 5-15% of NX9999SS type metallocene linear polyethylene, 5-10% of low-density polyethylene, 5-10% of high-density polyethylene, 4-8% of titanium white color master batch, 0.6-1.2% of high-efficiency light stabilizer, 0.1-0.2% of B225 type composite antioxidant and 0.15-0.3% of ultraviolet absorbent.
The low density polyethylene is 2426H type low density polyethylene with a higher melt flow rate.
The high density polyethylene is 5000S type high density polyethylene.
The preparation method of the high-luminous-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film comprises the following steps:
weighing pesticide-resistant light stabilizer, B225 composite antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbent, 50% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 50% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene and 50% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene according to the proportion of the silver gray outer layer, uniformly mixing, adding into a plastic extruder, and processing into a silver gray outer layer master batch, wherein the temperature of the plastic extruder is 150-;
weighing pesticide-resistant light stabilizer, high-efficiency light stabilizer, B225 composite antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbent, 50% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 50% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene and 50% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene according to the proportion of the ingredients of the white middle layer, uniformly mixing, and adding a plastic extruder to process into a white middle layer master batch, wherein the temperature of the plastic extruder is 150-;
weighing a high-efficiency light stabilizer, a B225 composite antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorbent, 50% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 50% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene and 50% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene according to the proportion of the ingredients of the white inner layer, uniformly mixing, adding into a plastic extruder, and processing into a white inner layer master batch, wherein the temperature of the plastic extruder is 150-;
step four, uniformly mixing the rest materials with the silver gray outer layer master batch prepared in the step one according to the proportioning proportion of the silver gray outer layer, and putting the mixture into an outer layer film hopper of a plastic extruder; uniformly mixing the residual materials with the white intermediate layer master batch prepared in the step two according to the proportioning proportion of the white intermediate layer, and putting the mixture into an intermediate layer film hopper of a plastic extruder; and (3) uniformly mixing the residual materials with the white inner layer master batch prepared in the step three according to the proportioning ratio of the white inner layer, putting the mixture into an inner layer film hopper of a plastic extruder, starting the plastic extruder, compounding through a die head, blowing, slitting and rolling to prepare the high-light-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film.
According to the high-light-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver-white three-layer composite mulching film prepared by the invention, three linear low-density polyethylene, metallocene linear polyethylene, a light stabilizing auxiliary agent, a B225 type composite antioxidant and an ultraviolet absorbent which have different properties are used in raw materials, so that the product has the characteristics of high light efficiency, high heat preservation, strong soil moisture conservation performance, long service life and the like; the old film after the crops are harvested also has stronger physical and mechanical properties, the tensile strength is reduced less, and the film covering required for each crop is changed into one-time film covering for repeated use; the product is very easy to recover and sort, and has higher recycling value; on the basis of keeping the effects of warming, preserving soil moisture, weeding and preserving fertilizer of the mulching film, the method is convenient for the effective reuse of the recovered resources and reduces the environmental pollution.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a high light efficiency environmental protection resistant silver white three-layer composite plastic film which characterized in that: it is compounded by silver gray outer layer, white middle layer and white inner layer film into one body;
the silver gray outer layer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-35% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 20-35% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene, 25-35% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene, 5-15% of NX9999SS type metallocene linear polyethylene, 5-10% of low-density polyethylene, 5-10% of high-density polyethylene, 3-10% of silver gray master batch, 0.6-1.2% of pesticide-resistant light stabilizer, 0.1-0.2% of B225 type composite antioxidant and 0.15-0.3% of ultraviolet absorbent;
the white intermediate layer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10-20% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 10-20% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene, 40-50% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene, 20-30% of NX9999SS type metallocene linear polyethylene, 3-5% of low-density polyethylene, 3-5% of high-density polyethylene, 2.5-6% of titanium white color master batch, 0.5-1.0% of pesticide-resistant light stabilizer, 0.2-0.5% of high-efficiency light stabilizer, 0.1-0.2% of B225 type composite antioxidant and 0.1-0.2% of ultraviolet absorbent;
the white inner layer is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 20-35% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 20-35% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene, 25-35% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene, 5-15% of NX9999SS type metallocene linear polyethylene, 5-10% of low-density polyethylene, 5-10% of high-density polyethylene, 4-8% of titanium white color master batch, 0.6-1.2% of high-efficiency light stabilizer, 0.1-0.2% of B225 type composite antioxidant and 0.15-0.3% of ultraviolet absorbent.
2. The high-light-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the low density polyethylene is 2426H type low density polyethylene with higher melt flow rate.
3. The high-light-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the high-density polyethylene is 5000S type high-density polyethylene.
4. A preparation method of a high-luminous-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver-white three-layer composite mulching film is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the mulching film prepared by the method is the high-light-effect, environment-friendly and weather-resistant silver-white three-layer composite mulching film as claimed in claims 1 to 3, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
weighing pesticide-resistant light stabilizer, B225 composite antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbent, 50% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 50% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene and 50% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene according to the proportion of the silver gray outer layer, uniformly mixing, adding into a plastic extruder, and processing into a silver gray outer layer master batch, wherein the temperature of the plastic extruder is 150-;
weighing pesticide-resistant light stabilizer, high-efficiency light stabilizer, B225 composite antioxidant, ultraviolet absorbent, 50% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 50% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene and 50% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene according to the proportion of the ingredients of the white middle layer, uniformly mixing, and adding a plastic extruder to process into a white middle layer master batch, wherein the temperature of the plastic extruder is 150-;
weighing a high-efficiency light stabilizer, a B225 composite antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorbent, 50% of 7042 type linear low-density polyethylene, 50% of 7042N type linear low-density polyethylene and 50% of 0209AA type linear low-density polyethylene according to the proportion of the ingredients of the white inner layer, uniformly mixing, adding into a plastic extruder, and processing into a white inner layer master batch, wherein the temperature of the plastic extruder is 150-;
step four, uniformly mixing the rest materials with the silver gray outer layer master batch prepared in the step one according to the proportioning proportion of the silver gray outer layer, and putting the mixture into an outer layer film hopper of a plastic extruder; uniformly mixing the residual materials with the white intermediate layer master batch prepared in the step two according to the proportioning proportion of the white intermediate layer, and putting the mixture into an intermediate layer film hopper of a plastic extruder; and (3) uniformly mixing the residual materials with the white inner layer master batch prepared in the step three according to the proportioning ratio of the white inner layer, putting the mixture into an inner layer film hopper of a plastic extruder, starting the plastic extruder, compounding through a die head, blowing, slitting and rolling to prepare the high-light-efficiency environment-friendly weather-resistant silver white three-layer composite mulching film.
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