CN109932526A - A kind of current surveying device - Google Patents
A kind of current surveying device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109932526A CN109932526A CN201910269725.3A CN201910269725A CN109932526A CN 109932526 A CN109932526 A CN 109932526A CN 201910269725 A CN201910269725 A CN 201910269725A CN 109932526 A CN109932526 A CN 109932526A
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- measuring staff
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of current surveying devices comprising: the mounting groove being vertically arranged;Measuring staff, upper end are installed in the mounting groove, and can be moved up and down along the mounting groove;Shaft and bottom tray are mounted on measuring staff bottom, shaft and measuring staff by centre and wear screw link, shaft and bottom tray welding;Current meter is sheathed in the shaft of the measuring staff bottom end;Depth scale is fixed on the mounting groove back side;Measuring point deep scaleplate is fixed on the mounting groove back side, and is set side by side with the depth scale;Vernier pointer is installed on cable, and can be moved on the cable, and described cable one end is fixedly connected with the measuring staff top, and when measuring staff movement, the vernier pointer is driven to move in the same direction with the measuring staff.Stability of the present invention is good, there is no situation is shaken up and down when flow measurement, fits past the big flow velocity test of 7m/s;It is time saving and energy saving to operate, and is suitble to one man operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to River Hydrology water resource monitoring technical field, especially a kind of current surveying device.
Background technique
The lineament of Turpan Basin is that north is high in the south low, and the ratio drop of channel and ground are than drop when due to channel designing
It is essentially identical, therefore the gradient of channel is big, flow rate of water flow is also big.Mean velocity in section is super when the high water in my ditch hydrometric station channel station
Cross 5 m/s, measuring point peak flow rate (PFR) be more than 6 m/s, water surface peak flow rate (PFR) is more than 7m/s.The impact of water flow under high flow condition
Power is especially strong, wave is big, when testing the speed the impact force of current meter toward water flow during transferring float by instrument both sides, be difficult to be put into it is pre-
Fixed start point distance and depth of water position.
Flow velocity is test under the conditions of high-velocity flow, and conventional method is as follows at this stage:
1. a people first holds measuring staff on surveying bridge and measuring staff is put into canal bottom from top to bottom to predetermined vertical line position, and puts forth one's strength
Pressing against measuring staff down does not allow both sides to shake;
2. the number that then another people observes on measuring staff reads the depth of water, calculated down by the depth of water × 0.6(water surface) or water
The river bed depth × 0.4(is toward worthwhile) to calculate current meter measuring point deep (current meter underwater penetration, one point method flow measurement);
3. measuring staff is brought up to bridge floor, current meter is installed to the position of measuring point depth, in benefit discharges water again after being screwed,
Another people is then responsible for the record depth of water, starts to test the speed.
4. repeat 1.~3. process complete the test of other vertical lines that test the speed.
Conventional method there are the problem of:
1. in order to avoid water flow impulsion measuring staff, test the speed during measuring staff will pressed against down adhering to 100 seconds.This operation is in flow velocity
It is just more difficult when two people can accomplish in the case where less, still flow velocity is more than 3.5m/s to accomplish, when flow velocity is more than
Measuring staff, which is being pressed against to insist 30 seconds, when 5.0m/s is almost less likely, and measuring staff is prominent during two sides of channel are tested the speed
Right slipping phenomenon also occurs often, and sometimes one measuring point needs to resurvey 2~3 times.
2. because cross-sectional flow is big, measuring staff discharge water it is inner after the strong impact power of water generate very big wave, cause the depth of water to be read
Number error is also big, and depth of water error in reading has a great impact to section flow rate calculation.
3. needing two discharge measurements that people 2 hours or so could complete five vertical lines, great work intensity when high water
And test precision can not ensure;After instrument is put into water, impact force increases, and measuring staff is promptly fixedly adhered to 100 by manpower
Second it is not easy very much, sometimes can only obtain general flow speed data, as a result the accuracy decline of flow, these is to establishing water level~stream
Magnitude relation has a great impact.
4. water level~the stream reorganized due to the above reasons, according to Turfan my ditch hydrometric station measured discharge achievement in 2017
There is unreasonable situation in amount, water level~area, water level~flow velocity relation curve, and finally influence to inquire into annual runoff.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to guarantee one in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, providing a kind of current surveying device
Current surveying device can be operated, depth of water error in reading is reduced.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of current surveying device, structure feature
It is:
It is vertically arranged and can be in the mounting groove moved on river/channel two sides survey bridge;
Measuring staff, upper end are installed in the mounting groove, and can be moved up and down along the mounting groove;
Current meter is fixed on the measuring staff bottom end;
Depth scale is fixed on the mounting groove back side;
Measuring point deep scaleplate is fixed on the mounting groove back side, and is set side by side with the depth scale;
Vernier pointer is installed on cable, and can be moved on the cable, and described cable one end is fixed with the measuring staff top
Connection, and when measuring staff movement, drive the vernier pointer mobile with the measuring staff, so that described in vernier pointer direction
Depth scale and measuring point deep scaleplate corresponding position.
The mounting groove uses U-type groove steel;The U-type groove steel is fixedly connected with suspender;The suspender hangs on survey
On the guardrail of bridge.Convenient for current surveying device of the invention, left and right is moved freely on surveying bridge fence, more convenient to use.
The measuring staff upper face is equipped with rack gear;The rack and pinion engagement;The gear is installed in shaft, described
Shaft one end is fixedly connected with handle;Described U-type groove steel a side is fixedly connected with the first fixing seat, and the U-type groove steel is another
Side is fixedly connected with the second fixing seat;The gear is set in the shaft between first fixing seat, the second fixing seat;
The shaft is provided with locking mechanism close to one end of the handle, when locking mechanism locking, the locking mechanism one
End across second fixing seat, and with the Gear Contact, so that the gear is stopped operating.Swing handle can control survey
Bar moves up and down, easy to operate.
The measuring staff upstream is fixed with secondary rope;Pulley is installed on the pair rope;The pulley is connect with drag-line one end;Institute
The drag-line other end is stated to be fixedly connected with the measuring staff bottom end.Water flow can be reduced by using drag-line when flow measurement to rush current surveying device
Vibration and deformation caused by hitting.
The survey bridge lower edge is fixed with multiple sizes and the matched fixing groove of measuring staff size.Measuring staff is put into when flow measurement
In corresponding fixing groove, prevent measuring staff from swinging.
Multiple fixing grooves are equidistantly spaced from channel steel;The channel steel is fixed on the survey bridge lower edge.
According to channel situation, the present invention will be set to 20cm between two neighboring fixing groove.
Extension is arranged in the measuring staff top, which is fixedly connected with the cable, and extension is lighter with respect to measuring staff
Just, when the depth of water is deeper, when measuring staff moves down more, which can move down to avoid cable is influenced by installation channel steel.Extension
Length can be determined according to the difference of maximum water depth, but total length is no more than handle to the distance of channel steel upper end.
The measuring staff bottom end is equipped with pallet;The measuring staff bottom and installation axis connection;The installation axle is fixed with pallet
Connection, current meter are sheathed in installation axle.Current meter socket installation on the mounting shaft, can flexibly turn with the direction of water flow
It is dynamic.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effect of present invention is that: stability of the present invention is good, and there is no upper when flow measurement
The problem of lower double swerve, fits past the big flow velocity test of 7m/s, can reduce depth of water error in reading;It is time saving and energy saving to operate,
It is suitble to one man operation.When using present apparatus flow measurement, current measuring instrument is placed into predetermined position, is tested the speed, record can a people
It easily completes very much;Section water-depth measurement is easy to be accurate, and the conversion of the measuring point depth of water is simple and clear, does not calculate current meter manually and enters water
Depth;Operation the present apparatus it is very safe: when channel flow velocity is big according to the existing method flow measurement when because attention focus on measuring staff
On, and because measuring staff is being pressed against must down, the especially measuring staff slipping phenomenon frequent occurrence during channel side is tested the speed,
It is difficult the contingency for avoiding occurring suddenly, there are more serious security risks.The present apparatus hangs over to survey on bridge fence and operate, and passes through
Rotation " handle " moves up and down measuring staff, tests the speed and does not have to hand-held current surveying device when starting, and safety is secure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is current surveying device structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is current surveying device scheme of installation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is current surveying device fixing groove of the present invention and measuring staff lower part schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is current surveying device handle portion structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is current surveying device current meter partial schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is conversion scale partial schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The guardrail that this current surveying device relies on channel bridge for stream-gaging, which is hung, to be used, by guardrail, the survey bridge on channel bridge for stream-gaging
The fixing groove of lower edge, gaging section upstream draw the devices such as inclined rope to realize the fixation equipped.
As shown in FIG. 1 to 3, suspension parts and fixing groove: suspension parts (double hooks, i.e. suspender 15) size and flow measurement
Guardrail (Φ 60mm, i.e. guardrail 4) on bridge is mating, is welded on measuring staff middle and upper part, in addition, solid surveying bridge lower edge installation integral type
Determine slot 14, at interval of 20 centimetres of settings, one fixing groove on bridge, fixing groove is welded on whole channel steel, and channel steel is integrally attached to survey
The side Liu Qiao lower edge.Measuring staff 2 is put into corresponding fixing groove when flow measurement, prevention instrument swings.
As shown in figure 4, the present apparatus is equipped with 2 meters long of rack gear 5 in 2 meters of long channel steels (U-type groove steel, i.e. mounting groove 1) lining,
Rack gear is engaged with handle bar gear 6, is moved up and down measuring staff (rack gear) by the rotation of handle 7 and is realized that precise positioning, current meter 3 are put into
Pass through clutch brake (i.e. locking mechanism 10, the locking mechanism, that is, clutch) after predetermined position to be reliably fixed, it is ensured that flow measurement
Device is with good stability in high-velocity flow, is not in that situation is shaken in top to bottom, left and right, front and rear.
Handle 7 is fixedly connected with shaft (not shown), and the first fixing seat 8, second is arranged in the shaft of gear two sides
Fixing seat 9, two fixing seats are fixedly connected with U-type groove steel two sides respectively.
As shown in figure 5, the inclined rope of freely slidable drawing (i.e. drag-line 13): drawing inclined rope to reduce water by using upstream when flow measurement
Stream is to vibration and deformation caused by current surveying device impact.It is to draw the pulley of inclined rope that must follow that the basic demand of inclined rope is drawn in design
Current meter synchronizing moving, if asynchronous follow of pulley will generate pulling force and water (flow) direction is inconsistent when current meter is mobile,
Cause current meter direction and the inconsistent phenomenon of water flow.The inclined rope pulley 12 of dedicated drawing that design has aluminium alloy to make in the present apparatus,
Pulley is installed on secondary rope 11, and the particularly flexible and then current meter synchronizing moving of the pulley draws inclined Suo Shengzi to be always maintained at water flow
The state of balance has better stability when such flow measurement.
2 bottom end of measuring staff is equipped with pallet 17;2 bottom of measuring staff is connect with installation axle 16;Installation axle 16 and the fixed company of pallet 17
It connects.Current meter socket installation on the mounting shaft, can flexibly be rotated with the direction of water flow.
The depth scale and measuring point deep scaleplate of the present apparatus bring great convenience, section water-depth measurement to on-the-spot measurement personnel
Easy to be accurate, the conversion of the measuring point depth of water is simple and clear, does not calculate current meter underwater penetration manually.
Such as Fig. 4, when moving up and down measuring staff (rack gear) by the rotation of " handle ", with measuring staff top extend reinforcing bar (length L=
1 meter) it synchronizes on the depth scale that can also be pasted on U-steel frame of the position instruction " vernier pointer " on the connected markings in top
Lower movement (depth scale and measuring point deep scaleplate are all mounted on channel steel back to the side of rack gear, the i.e. back side of channel steel).Instrument when depth measurement
Pallet below device reaches the position that the water surface is later moved to " vernier pointer " on markings on scale zero, and instrument is dropped from the water surface
" vernier pointer ", which also synchronizes, when to river bed moves down, and indicates that corresponding number is exactly the depth of water when pallet is to river bed;Depth scale
" measuring point deep " numerical value on the left side is exactly current meter lowered position (river bed up, depth of water * 0.4) numerical value under the depth condition, no
Need manually to calculate measuring point depth.It only needs above to mention according to the data when practical operation to the right depth of water mark position, then
Start flow measurement, is not that professional people can also operate.
Convert principle:
0.85 meter of the depth of water, then one point method relative water depth (η=0.6) position are as follows: 0.85*0.4=0.34 meter, bottom tray height are
0.1 meter, then pick up height value from the bottom up are as follows: 0.34-0.1=0.24 meter, the corresponding measuring point depth of water are as follows: 0.85-0.24=0.61 meter;
1.00 meters of the depth of water, then one point method relative water depth (η=0.6) position are as follows: 1.00*0.4=0.40, bottom tray height are 0.1
Rice, then pick up height value from the bottom up are as follows: 0.40-0.1=0.30 meter, the corresponding measuring point depth of water are as follows: 1.00-0.30=0.70 meter;
Automatic conversion scale can extend according to the depth capacity of channel, but consider height not also more than 80 centimetres.
If the practical depth of water is more than 80 centimetres, can depth measurement in two times, for the first time 80 centimetres surveyed after red arrow
It resets, survey second of the depth of water, the depth of water addition surveyed twice just obtains total depth of water.
Other and so on.
Apparatus of the present invention use process is as follows:
1. being affiliated to suspension type current surveying device on the guardrail of channel, drawn and lifted from middle and upper part, turnover device to horizontal position.
2. current meter is socketed in shaft, shaft lower end is 10 centimetres of pellet type round iron, passes through the special of shaft upper end
It is connect with connector with measuring staff lower part (measuring staff diameter 3.0cm), while connecting current meter signal to current meter on the bank with 2 core cables
Plug-in reader (hand-held).
3. this equipment is slided on the vertical line for wanting flow measurement along guard rail steel pipe, measuring staff overturning is put to fixed card slot.
4. promptly lifter handle, releasing of brake are put into the pallet of 10 centimetres of instrument lower part by current meter slowly toward decentralization
Formula round iron has just arrived water surface stopping.
5. " vernier pointer " on depth of water markings to be transferred to the position of scale the top zero, continue for flow measurement equipment to be put into
River bed is read the depth of water and is recorded, while directly reading the number (H) of the corresponding measuring point deep scaleplate of the depth of water, and lifter is then passed through
" handle " above mentions measuring staff (current meter) to the digital position (H) of corresponding depth scale, and brake starts to test the speed.
6. current meter is left the water after the completion of testing the speed, this equipment is slided to the next vertical line position that tests the speed, is repeated above-mentioned
Step.
7. calculating flow according to depth measurement achievement, flow velocity achievement.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of current surveying device characterized by comprising
It is vertically arranged and can be in the mounting groove (1) moved on river/channel two sides survey bridge;
Measuring staff (2), upper end is installed in the mounting groove (1), and can be moved up and down along the mounting groove (1);
Current meter (3) is fixed on the measuring staff (2) bottom end;
Depth scale is fixed on the mounting groove (1) back side;
Measuring point deep scaleplate is fixed on the mounting groove (1) back side, and is set side by side with the depth scale;
Vernier pointer is installed on cable, and can be moved on the cable, described cable one end and the measuring staff (2) top
It is fixedly connected, and when the measuring staff (2) movement, drives the vernier pointer mobile with the measuring staff (2), so that the vernier refers to
Needle is directed toward the depth scale and measuring point deep scaleplate corresponding position.
2. current surveying device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mounting groove (1) uses U-type groove steel;It is described U-shaped
Channel steel is fixedly connected with suspender (15);The suspender (15) hangs on the guardrail (4) for surveying bridge.
3. current surveying device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that measuring staff (2) upper face is equipped with rack gear (5);
The rack gear (5) is engaged with gear (6);The gear (6) is installed in shaft, described shaft one end and handle (7) fixed company
It connects.
4. current surveying device according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described U-type groove steel a side and the first fixing seat (8)
It is fixedly connected, another side of U-type groove steel is fixedly connected with the second fixing seat (9);The gear (6) is set to described first
In shaft between fixing seat (8), the second fixing seat (9);The shaft is provided with locking knot close to one end of the handle (7)
Structure (10), when the locking mechanism (10) locking, described locking mechanism (10) one end passes through second fixing seat (9), and
It is contacted with the gear (6), the gear (6) is made to stop operating.
5. current surveying device described according to claim 1~one of 4, which is characterized in that measuring staff (2) upstream is fixed with secondary rope
(11);Pulley (12) are installed on the pair rope (11);The pulley is connect with drag-line (13) one end;The drag-line (13) is another
End is fixedly connected with the measuring staff (2) bottom end.
6. current surveying device described according to claim 1~one of 4, which is characterized in that the survey bridge lower edge is fixed with multiple rulers
The very little and matched fixing groove of the measuring staff (2) size (14).
7. current surveying device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that multiple fixing grooves (14) are equidistantly spaced from slot
On steel;The channel steel is fixed on the survey bridge lower edge.
8. current surveying device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that be divided between two neighboring fixing groove (14)
20cm。
9. current surveying device described according to claim 1~one of 4, which is characterized in that measuring staff (2) the top setting extends
Section, the extension are fixedly connected with the cable.
10. current surveying device described according to claim 1~one of 4, which is characterized in that measuring staff (2) bottom end is equipped with support
Disk (17);Measuring staff (2) bottom is connect with installation axle (16);The installation axle (16) is fixedly connected with pallet (17);It is described
Current meter (3) is sheathed on the installation axle (16), and can be rotated around the installation axle (16).
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CN201910269725.3A CN109932526A (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2019-04-04 | A kind of current surveying device |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112730878A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-30 | 扬州大学 | Self-adjusting flow velocity measuring instrument and measuring method |
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