CN109932016B - Inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109932016B CN109932016B CN201910082769.5A CN201910082769A CN109932016B CN 109932016 B CN109932016 B CN 109932016B CN 201910082769 A CN201910082769 A CN 201910082769A CN 109932016 B CN109932016 B CN 109932016B
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Abstract
An inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor and a preparation method thereof. The volume sensor comprises an inflatable elastic catheter, wherein the inner surface and the outer surface of the inflatable elastic catheter are respectively adhered with an adhesion layer, electrode plates with a fold structure are processed on the adhesion layers on the inner surface and the outer surface, the electrode plates on the inner surface and the outer surface are symmetrically arranged, and the electrode plates are formed by carbon nano tube films. When the inflatable elastic conduit is filled with gas and expands, the inflatable elastic conduit deforms transversely and longitudinally, a rubber adhesion layer is sprayed on the inner surface and the outer surface of the pre-inflated conduit, then the electrode plates are paved respectively, and the electrode plates with the fold structures are generated after deflation, so that when the inflatable elastic base plate is inflated in a certain range, the electrode plates cannot be broken, and the sensor cannot be damaged. The sensor can measure the volume change of the elastic substrate, and has the advantages of high sensitivity, high response speed, good repeatability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flexible capacitance sensor manufacturing, and particularly relates to an inflatable flexible capacitance type volume sensor and a preparation method thereof.
Background
A capacitive sensor refers to a sensor that converts a change in a measured quantity (e.g., size, pressure, etc.) into a change in capacitance. In fact, it is a variable capacitor by itself (or with the object under test). At present, the method is widely applied to detection of indexes such as pressure, liquid level, displacement and the like. The traditional capacitive sensor is basically made of hard materials, has small deformation, cannot be used in a non-planar scene, basically cannot recover after being deformed due to stress, and is extremely easy to damage. The flexible capacitive sensor has the advantages that the traditional capacitive sensor does not have, can be applied to special scenes, and is a promising sensor.
At present, flexible capacitive sensors have been widely developed and classified into the following three types according to their functions, namely, flexible capacitive pressure sensors, flexible capacitive humidity sensors, and flexible capacitive touch sensors. Patent publication No. CN102589760B discloses a flexible capacitive pressure sensor capable of sensing pressure change based on capacitance change, which has good elasticity, can sufficiently adhere to a non-planar object, and can ensure the sensitivity and the pressure recovery. Obviously, the sensor can only be used for detecting the pressure of a target object and does not have the function of detecting the volume change of the target object; the invention patent of patent publication No. CN105067682A discloses a flexible capacitive humidity sensor and a preparation method thereof, and the sensor has the advantages of high sensitivity, high response speed, small wet hysteresis, good stability and the like. Similarly, such sensors can only be used to detect the humidity of a target object, and cannot detect a volume change of the target object; the invention patent of patent publication No. CN106959175A discloses a flexible capacitive sliding touch sensor based on a pyramid structure, which can distinguish small touch force, and simultaneously can realize the measurement of shearing force in each direction, thereby greatly improving the mechanical sensitivity of the sensor. However, it cannot be used to detect a volume change of the target.
Although flexible capacitive sensors have been widely studied at present, flexible capacitive volume sensors have not been reported to date. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a flexible capacitive volume sensor having a sensor for detecting a volume change of a target.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that most of flexible capacitive sensors do not detect the volume change of a target object at present, and develops an inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor with a new function and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides an aerify flexible capacitanc volume sensor, includes inflatable elastic catheter, inflatable elastic catheter surface outwards is outer adhesion layer and outer electrode plate in proper order, and inflatable elastic catheter internal surface inwards is interior adhesion layer and interior electrode plate in proper order, interior and exterior electrode plate all adopts the carbon nanotube film and processes there is the fold structure, and interior and exterior electrode plate is connected with the wire electrode respectively.
The fold structure on the inner and outer electrode plates is composed of a plurality of periodic folds.
The inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor has the characteristics of high sensitivity, high response speed, good repeatability and the like. When the inflatable elastic catheter is filled with gas and expands, the inflatable elastic catheter deforms in the axial direction and the direction perpendicular to the axial direction, a rubber adhesion layer is sprayed on the pre-inflated elastic catheter, then the electrode plate is laid, the electrode plate with the fold structure is generated after deflation, the inner surface of the catheter is turned over to temporarily become the outer surface of the catheter, the previous steps are repeated, the electrode plate with the periodic fold structure is manufactured on the outer surface of the catheter again, and finally the catheter is turned over to restore the outer surface to the inner surface, so that the electrode plate cannot be broken when the inflatable elastic catheter is inflated within a certain range.
The inflatable elastic conduit and the adhesive layer can be made of the same material or different materials.
A preparation method of an inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, filling gas into the inflatable elastic conduit, and then spraying a rubber solution on the surface of the inflatable elastic conduit to be used as an outer adhesion layer;
step 2: laying a carbon nanotube film on the outer adhesion layer to serve as an outer electrode plate of the sensor;
and step 3: the gas in the inflatable elastic conduit is discharged and is contracted into a natural state, and the outer electrode plate forms periodic folds in the axial direction of the inflatable elastic conduit and in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction;
and 4, step 4: turning the outer electrode plate prepared in the step 3 to the inner surface to convert the original inner surface into an 'outer' surface;
and 5: repeating the steps 1 to 3, so that the electrode plate on the outer surface at the moment also forms periodic folds in the axial direction of the conduit and in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction;
step 6: turning the outer electrode plate prepared in the step 5 to the inner surface to restore the inflatable elastic conduit to the initial state;
and 7: and finally, connecting electrode wires to the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate respectively.
Preferably, the inflatable elastic catheter is a latex catheter, and the thickness of the catheter is about 2 mm.
Specifically, the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film are multi-arm carbon nanotubes, and the number of the preferred carbon nanotubes is 3.
Further, the rubber solution in the step 1 and the step 5 is prepared by mixing thermoplastic rubber sebs and white oil according to a mass ratio of 1: 4 was heated and mixed at 200 ℃ and then dissolved in cyclohexane to form a rubber solution. The rubber after the solvent evaporation has stronger viscosity, so that the electrode plate can be tightly attached to the inflatable elastic catheter.
The thickness of the inner and outer adhesive layers is 20-100 microns.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor prepared by the invention is a novel flexible capacitive volume sensor and is also a sensor suitable for measuring the volume change of an elastic conduit.
2. According to the invention, the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate of the sensor are designed into periodic fold structures, when the inflation volume of the guide pipe is increased, the electrode plates of the sensor cannot be broken within a certain range (the length of the electrode plates of the sensor is not exceeded), and the sensor can still work normally.
3. The inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate of the inflatable flexible capacitance type volume sensor are easy to process into proper shapes and sizes, the design is simple, the operation is easy, and the large-scale manufacturing is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor A-A according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the surface of the inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of performance test results for an inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of performance testing of the inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor according to the present invention during repeated inflation and deflation.
In the figure: 11 is an inner electrode plate, 12 is an adhesive layer, 13 is an elastic conduit layer, 14 is an adhesive layer, 15 is an outer electrode plate, 16 is a line segment type mark and 17 is an axial direction.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. This figure is a simplified schematic diagram, and merely illustrates the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore it shows only the constitution related to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor comprises an inner catheter electrode plate 11, an inner adhesive layer 12, an inflatable elastic catheter 13, an outer adhesive layer 14, an outer electrode plate 15 and a line segment type mark 16. The inflatable elastic catheter 13 is made of latex, an inner adhesion layer 12 and an inner electrode plate 11 are sequentially arranged on the inner surface of the inflatable elastic catheter inwards, an outer adhesion layer 14 and an outer electrode plate 15 are sequentially arranged on the outer surface of the inflatable elastic catheter outwards, the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate are formed by arranging carbon nanotube films along the axial direction 17 of the inflatable elastic catheter, and the inner adhesion layer and the outer adhesion layer are located between the inflatable elastic catheter and the inner electrode plate and between the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate. When the inflatable elastic conduit is inflated, the sensor electrode plate is deformed in the axial direction 17 of the conduit and in the axial direction perpendicular to the axial direction, and the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate are made into periodic folds to ensure that the electrode plate of the sensor cannot be broken, so that the flexible sensor which can still normally work after being inflated is prepared. The periodic wrinkles are formed by inflating gas into the inflatable elastic conduit in advance to increase the length of the line segment type marks 16 to 6 times of the original length, spraying a rubber solution on the inflatable elastic conduit to form an adhesive layer, laying a carbon nanotube film on the adhesive layer to form inner and outer electrode plates of the sensor, and releasing the gas in the inflatable elastic conduit to restore the natural state, as shown in fig. 3. The elastic strain of the inflatable elastic conduit can reach 500%, the performance of the sensor is basically unchanged after 500 times of repeated inflation and deflation, and the inflatable elastic conduits made of different materials have different air pressures under the same deformation, so that the amount of gas inflated into the inflatable elastic conduits is determined by the length change of the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate of the sensor.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram and an electrode plate surface scanning electron microscope image of an inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor are provided, the inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor comprises at least five parts, a catheter inner electrode plate 11, an inner adhesion layer 12, an inflatable elastic catheter 13, an outer adhesion layer 14 and an outer electrode plate 15, the inner adhesion layer 12 and the outer adhesion layer 14 are respectively attached to the inner surface and the outer surface of the inflatable elastic catheter 13, the inner electrode plate 11 and the outer electrode plate 15 are sequentially attached to the inner adhesion layer 12 and the outer adhesion layer 14, and the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate are composed of multi-arm carbon nanotubes. The inflatable elastic conduit 13, the inner adhesive layer 12 and the outer adhesive layer 14 may be made of the same material (thermoplastic rubber sebs and white oil) or different materials.
The preparation method of the inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor comprises the following steps:
step 1: preparing a rubber solution by using thermoplastic rubber sebs and white oil according to a mass ratio of 1: 4 heating and mixing at 200 ℃, and dissolving in cyclohexane to form a rubber solution for later use; the latex catheter is used as an inflatable elastic catheter, a line section type mark 16 is drawn on the inner surface and the outer surface of the inflatable elastic catheter along the direction vertical to the axis, then gas is filled in the inflatable elastic catheter, the length or the width of the line section type mark is expanded to be 6 times of the original length, the prepared rubber solution is sprayed on the inflatable catheter, and after a solvent is evaporated, an outer adhesive layer 14 with strong viscosity can be formed, wherein the thickness is 20-100 micrometers;
the gas may be air, nitrogen or hydrogen.
Step 2: laying the carbon nanotube film on the adhesion layer to serve as an outer electrode plate of the sensor, wherein if the carbon nanotube film is multi-layered, the carbon nanotube film can be directly adhered on the adhesion layer, and then dripping ethanol solution to enable the electrode plates to be contacted with each other more tightly;
the carbon nanotubes are multi-arm carbon nanotubes, and the preferred number of layers is 3.
And step 3: gas in the guide pipe is discharged, the guide pipe is contracted into a natural state, and the outer electrode plate can form periodic folds in the axial direction and the direction perpendicular to the axial direction;
and 4, step 4: turning the conduit with the adhesive layer and the outer electrode plate prepared in the step 3 to the inner surface to convert the original inner surface (without the adhesive layer and the electrode plate) into an 'outer' surface;
and 5: repeating the previous steps 1, 2 and 3, so that the electrode plate on the outer surface at the moment also forms periodic folds in the axial direction and the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the guide pipe, wherein the fact that when gas is filled into the guide pipe, the electrode plate must not be excessive, or the electrode plate on the outer surface prepared in the steps 1, 2 and 3 can be damaged (the length of the line segment type mark cannot exceed 6 times of the original length) is required to be noticed;
step 6: turning the 'outer' electrode plate prepared in the step 5 to the inner surface as an inner electrode plate 11, and enabling the outer electrode plate on the inner surface to return to the initial state;
and 7: and finally, connecting electrode wires to the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate respectively.
The inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor finally obtained in the embodiment is tested as follows:
1. in a sensor performance test, as shown in fig. 4, the maximum strain of the flexible capacitive volume sensor obtained in this embodiment in the length direction of the electrode plate can reach 500%, the performance is excellent, and the experimental data can be well matched with the theoretical data.
Without considering the edge effect, the concentric sphere conduit volume versus capacitance change can be theoretically expressed as:
ΔC/C0＝(V/V0)4/3-1
in the formula: Δ C is the capacitance variation; c0Is the initial capacitance; v is the volume after inflation; v0Is the initial volume. The formula can be used to obtain Delta C/C0And (V/V)0)4/3Proportional relationship and the theoretical prediction is in good agreement with our experimental results, as shown in fig. 4.
2. During the repeated inflation and deflation, as shown in fig. 5, the flexible capacitive volume sensor obtained in the present embodiment can be repeatedly inflated and deflated (the strain in the length direction of the electrode plate is 500%) for 500 times, and the performance of the sensor is basically unchanged.
In addition, other changes, such as modifications, equivalents and improvements, which may occur to persons skilled in the art according to the technical solutions of the present invention, are also included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing an inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor comprises an inflatable elastic catheter, wherein an outer adhesion layer and an outer electrode plate are sequentially arranged on the outer surface of the inflatable elastic catheter outwards, an inner adhesion layer and an inner electrode plate are sequentially arranged on the inner surface of the inflatable elastic catheter inwards, the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate are made of carbon nanotube films and are provided with folded structures, and the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate are respectively connected with electrode wires; the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, filling gas into the inflatable elastic conduit, and then spraying a rubber solution on the surface of the inflatable elastic conduit to be used as an outer adhesion layer;
step 2: laying a carbon nanotube film on the outer adhesion layer to serve as an outer electrode plate of the sensor;
and step 3: the gas in the inflatable elastic conduit is discharged and is contracted into a natural state, and the outer electrode plate forms periodic folds in the axial direction of the inflatable elastic conduit and in the direction perpendicular to the axial direction;
and 4, step 4: turning the outer electrode plate prepared in the step 3 to the inner surface to convert the original inner surface into an 'outer' surface;
and 5: repeating the steps 1 to 3 to ensure that the outer surface electrode plate also forms periodic folds in the axial direction and the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the inflatable elastic conduit;
step 6: turning the outer electrode plate prepared in the step 5 to the inner surface to restore the inflatable elastic conduit to the initial state;
and 7: and finally, connecting electrode wires to the inner electrode plate and the outer electrode plate respectively.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor is a latex tube with a thickness of 2 mm.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube film are multi-armed carbon nanotubes.
4. The method for preparing an inflatable flexible capacitive volume sensor according to claim 1, wherein the rubber solution is prepared by mixing thermoplastic rubber sebs and white oil in a mass ratio of 1: 4 was heated and mixed at 200 ℃ and then dissolved in cyclohexane to form a rubber solution.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the inner and outer adhesive layers are 20-100 microns thick.
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