CN109931378A - A kind of gear and gear drive with interior cooling and lubricating system - Google Patents
A kind of gear and gear drive with interior cooling and lubricating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109931378A CN109931378A CN201910160154.XA CN201910160154A CN109931378A CN 109931378 A CN109931378 A CN 109931378A CN 201910160154 A CN201910160154 A CN 201910160154A CN 109931378 A CN109931378 A CN 109931378A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of gear and gear drive with interior cooling and lubricating system.The gear includes cylindrical base, the gear teeth and center mounting hole;And the gear structure with internal cooling system and interior lubricating system is produced in cylindrical base based on 3D printing technique, cooling-lubricant carries out cooling and gear drive mesh regional to gear by internal cooling system, interior lubricating system and is lubricated, gear is worked at a suitable temperature, in the lubricant effect of abundance, to promote the service life and transmission efficiency that gear integrally uses.Additionally provide simultaneously it is a set of using the gear as the gear drive of driving gear, solve transmission efficiency brought by cooling and lubricating process during existing gear drive is low, transmission process consumption greatly, the problems such as cooling and lubricating effect is bad.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gear transmission structures, and in particular to a kind of gear and gear with interior cooling and lubricating system
Transmission mechanism.
Background technique
Engagement refers to a kind of drive connection between two machine components, referred to as engaged transmission.Gear drive is most typical nibbles
Close transmission and a kind of most widely used driving form.According to the difference of transmission principle, there is straight-tooth gear engaged transmission and tiltedly
Gear engaged transmission.Gear engaged transmission have adaptation range is big, transmission efficiency is higher, long working life, stable drive, can
The features such as two axis that are high by property, can guarantee that instantaneous transmission ratio is constant, is able to achieve various positions requires are driven, is driven in Modern Mechanical
Middle application is very extensive.It is made of driving gear, driven gear and rack.By the engagement of gear, by driving wheel
The movement of (axis) and power pass to driven (axis), and obtain the revolving speed and torque of needs.Since transmission efficiency is high, transmission ratio is quasi-
Really, the advantages that power bracket is big, gear mechanism are widely applied in industrial products, and design directly influences work with manufacture level
The quality of industry product.
But gear engaged transmission will appear Problem of Failure after prolonged use, failure mainly has: break of gear tooth, the flank of tooth
Fatigue equivalent, tooth surface abrasion, tooth face agglutination, tooth surface plastic deformation, wherein tooth surface abrasion and tooth face agglutination be all lubricating fluid not
Cleaning is inadequate caused.Gear engagement lubricating method principal mode, which has, periodically manually adds lubricating oil or lubricating grease, immersion oil
The forms such as lubrication or oil jet lubrication guarantee gear-driven steady and service life of gear.And conventional gears engagement passes
The heat that dynamic gearing friction generates is solved mainly by lubricating oil etc., and cooling effect is not fine during heavy load transmission,
Excessively high mesh regional temperature also will affect the stickiness of lubricating oil, and then cause lubricant effect undesirable.
And exposed gear, underloading or insignificant closed-type gear transmission, using periodically artificial filling lubricating oil or lubricating grease
Method, this mode seem very inconvenient under present industrial automation background;Leaching is mostly used for most closed-type gear transmissions
The mode of oil lubrication or oil jet lubrication, the mode of flooding system lubrication are wanted to will affect in dip lubrication oil due to operative gear
The transmission efficiency of gear and increase gear-driven power consumption, and flooding system lubrication lubrication can mix oil micro slag, will affect gear
Service life;For the mode of oil jet lubrication due to the influence of its lubricating system, gear drive centre still can not accomplish edge
The same lubricant effect, therefore will affect the service life of gear.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems in background technique, the present invention discloses a kind of gear with interior cooling and lubricating system, the tooth
Wheel produces the gear structure with internal cooling system and interior lubricating system based on 3D printing technique, and cooling-lubricant passes through interior
Cooling system, interior lubricating system carry out cooling and gear drive mesh regional to gear and are lubricated, and gear is existed
It works in lubricant effect at a temperature of suitable, sufficient, to promote the service life and transmission efficiency that gear integrally uses.
Meanwhile a kind of gear drive is additionally provided, solve cooling and lubricating process institute during existing gear drive
The problems such as bring transmission efficiency is low, transmission process consumption is big, cooling and lubricating effect is bad.
The specific technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of gear with interior cooling and lubricating system, including cylindrical base and along the circumferential direction it is uniformly arranged on circle
Multiple gear teeth on cylindricality matrix;The cylindrical base is equipped with center mounting hole;
It is theed improvement is that:
Gear passes through 3D printing technique machine-shaping;
It is equipped in each gear teeth and is adapted tooth form coolant flow channel with tooth profiles, and every tooth form coolant flow channel mutually interconnects
Logical, all tooth form coolant flow channels surround a cooling sprue;
The cooling secondary channels of the annular being connected to the cooling sprue are equipped in cylindrical base;
It is connected between the cooling secondary channels of annular and the center mounting hole by cooling-lubricant entrance channel;
Annular lubricant sprue, and annular lubricant sprue and institute are equipped in the position close to root circle in cylindrical base
State cooling sprue connection;
Cooling-lubricant outlet flow is equipped between annular lubricant sprue and each tooth socket;
The cooling secondary channels of cooling sprue, annular and cooling-lubricant entrance channel structure on same radial section
At an internal cooling system;
Annular lubricant sprue, cooling-lubricant outlet flow on same radial section constitute an interior lube system
System;
The internal cooling system and interior lubricating system are located on different radial sections.
The present invention also provides another gear with interior cooling and lubricating system, including cylindrical base and along circle
Circumferential direction is uniformly arranged on multiple gear teeth on cylindrical base;The cylindrical base is equipped with center mounting hole;
It is theed improvement is that:
Gear passes through 3D printing technique machine-shaping;
It is equipped in each gear teeth and is adapted tooth form coolant flow channel with tooth profiles, all gear teeth are divided into N number of gear set,
Tooth form coolant flow channel in each gear set is interconnected;To form the cooling sprue of N group;
The cooling secondary channels of annular are equipped in cylindrical base;
It is connected between the cooling secondary channels of annular and the center mounting hole by cooling-lubricant entrance channel;
Annular lubricant sprue is equipped in the position close to root circle in cylindrical base;
Cooling-lubricant outlet flow is equipped between annular lubricant sprue and each tooth socket;
First tooth form coolant flow channel is connected to the cooling secondary channels of the annular in every group of cooling sprue, every group of cooling master
The last one tooth form coolant flow channel is connected to the annular lubricant sprue in runner;
The cooling sprue of N group, the cooling secondary channels of annular and cooling-lubricant entrance stream on same radial section
Road constitutes an internal cooling system;
Annular lubricant sprue, cooling-lubricant outlet flow on same radial section constitute an interior lube system
System;
The internal cooling system and interior lubricating system are located on different radial sections.
On the basis of above two gear structure, technical solution of the present invention is also made that optimization design:
Further, in order to guarantee the cooling and lubrication of gear, the internal cooling system and interior in facewidth range as far as possible
Lubricating system is equipped with multiple and along cylindrical base axial directions in cylindrical base and alternates arrangement.
Further, in order to keep the cooling-lubricant flowed into an internal cooling system same time as uniform as possible, on
Cooling-lubricant entrance channel is stated along the circumferential direction to be equipped with a plurality of and be connected to the cooling secondary channels of the annular.
Further, above-mentioned cooling-lubricant outlet flow be in arc-shaped, the purpose of this design is: cooling-lubricant from
Cooling-lubricant outlet flow ejiction opening can act directly on the node of the flank of tooth, enable cooling-lubricant sufficiently to gear
Mesh regional be lubricated.
Meanwhile it being based on above two gear, gear drive is used the present invention also provides a kind of comprising transmission shaft,
With the driving gear of transmission axis connection and the driven gear engaged with driving gear;The driving gear is above-mentioned with interior cold
But the gear of lubricating system;Transmission shaft is provided with a center flow channels along central axis, is radially provided with logical with the center
At least one radial flow path of road connection;The outer round surface of transmission shaft is also provided with the annular flow being connected to the radial flow path
Road.In assembly, needs to guarantee to be arranged on transmission shaft annular channel and cooling-lubricant entrance channel pair is set on gear
Its, it is ensured that cooling-lubricant smoothly flows into gear from transmission shaft.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention has the gear of interior cooling and lubricating system, and the cooling-lubricant of flowing takes away tooth by internal cooling system
The heat of gear teeth during engaged transmission is taken turns, so that flank of tooth temperature is maintained in most suitable gear-driven section, it is after cooling
When cooling-lubricant can continue through interior lubricating system and act on the flank of tooth, will not because of flank of tooth temperature it is excessively high caused by lubricating fluid
Viscosity reduce, caused by lubricant effect it is inadequate.
2, cooling-lubricant is directly input in gear by transmission shaft by gear transmission structure proposed by the invention,
Again by the internal cooling system designed in gear and interior lubricating system, the profit that existing gear drive uses oil-immersed type is avoided
Sliding mode be lubricated brought by transmission efficiency the, the technical problems such as energy consumption is high also solve oil jet lubrication mode bring
The bad problem of lubricant effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic perspective view of the invention;
Fig. 2 is top view of the invention;
The B of Fig. 2 is to cross-sectional view when Fig. 3 is embodiment 1;
The B of Fig. 2 is to cross-sectional view when Fig. 4 is embodiment 2;
Fig. 5 is the A of Fig. 2 to cross-sectional view;
Fig. 6 is the enlarged view at I of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 is the cross-sectional view of transmission shaft.
Fig. 8 is the A of Fig. 7 to cross-sectional view.
Fig. 9 is the cross-sectional view after transmission shaft and gear assembly
Appended drawing reference is as follows:
1- cylindrical base, the 2- gear teeth, 3- center mounting hole, 4- tooth form coolant flow channel, the cooling stream of first tooth form of 41-
The cooling sprue of road, 42- the last one tooth form coolant flow channel, 5-, 6- annular cooling secondary channels, 7- cooling-lubricant entrance stream
Road, 8- annular lubricant sprue, 9- cooling-lubricant outlet flow, 10- transmission shaft, 11- driving gear, 101- center flow channels,
102- radial flow path, 103- annular channel.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is based on 3D printing techniques, have manufactured a kind of gear structure with internal cooling system and interior lubricating system,
It, can also be simultaneously to meshing zone of gears while carrying out efficiently cooling to entire gear by the internal cooling system that gear internal is arranged
Domain is efficiently lubricated.
In order to be further illustrated to the present invention, below by two specific embodiments to provided by the invention one
There is kind the structure of the gear of interior cooling and lubricating system and cooling, lubrication working principle to be described in detail.
Embodiment 1
As Figure 1-Figure 4, which passes through 3D printing technique machine-shaping;It includes cylindrical base 1 and along circle
Circumferential direction is uniformly arranged on multiple gear teeth 2 on cylindrical base 1;Cylindrical base 1 is equipped with center mounting hole 3;
It is equipped in each gear teeth 2 and is adapted tooth form coolant flow channel 4 with 2 shape of the gear teeth, and every 4 phase of tooth form coolant flow channel
Intercommunicated, all tooth form coolant flow channels 4 form a cooling sprue 5;
The cooling secondary channels 6 of the annular being connected to the cooling sprue 5 are equipped in cylindrical base 1;
It is connected between the cooling secondary channels 6 of annular and the center mounting hole 3 by cooling-lubricant entrance channel 7;
Annular lubricant sprue 8, and annular lubricant sprue 8 are equipped in the position close to root circle in cylindrical base 1
It is connected to the cooling sprue 5;
Cooling-lubricant outlet flow 9 is equipped between annular lubricant sprue 8 and each tooth socket;
The cooling secondary channels 6 of cooling sprue 5, annular and cooling-lubricant entrance channel on same radial section
7 constitute an internal cooling system;
Annular lubricant sprue 8, cooling-lubricant outlet flow 9 on same radial section are constituted to be lubricated in one
System;
Internal cooling system and interior lubricating system are located on different radial sections.
In this embodiment in order to guarantee the cooling and lubrication of gear, internal cooling system and interior profit in facewidth range as far as possible
Sliding system is equipped with multiple in cylindrical base 1 and alternates arrangement along the axial direction of cylindrical base 1.
In order to keep the cooling-lubricant flowed into an internal cooling system same time as uniform as possible, above-mentioned cooling and lubricating
Liquid entrance channel 7 is along the circumferential direction equipped with a plurality of and is connected to the cooling secondary channels 6 of the annular.
As shown in fig. 6, above-mentioned cooling-lubricant outlet flow 9 is in arc-shaped, the purpose of this design is: cooling-lubricant
From the node that 9 ejiction opening of cooling-lubricant outlet flow can act directly on the flank of tooth, keep cooling-lubricant sufficiently right
The mesh regional of gear is lubricated.
As shown in figs. 7 to 9, when being engaged transmission using the gear, a transmission shaft 10 and intermeshing are needed actively
Gear 11 and driven gear 12, wherein driving gear 11 is connect with transmission shaft 10;Transmission shaft 10 is provided in one along central axis
Heart runner 101 is radially provided at least one radial flow path 102 being connected to the central passage 101;Transmission shaft 10
Outer round surface is also provided with the annular channel 103 being connected to the radial flow path 102, in assembly, needs to guarantee that setting is passing
Annular channel 103 is aligned with cooling-lubricant entrance channel 7 is arranged on gear on moving axis 10, it is ensured that cooling-lubricant is from transmission
Axis 10 smoothly flows into gear.
It is described based on above structure, now described separately to the cooling of the embodiment, greasing:
Cooling procedure: after cooling-lubricant is by external filter plant, supercharging equipment, successively via the center in transmission shaft
After runner 101, radial flow path 102 and annular channel 103, it is cooling that annular is entered by a plurality of cooling-lubricant entrance channel 7
Secondary channels 6, then cooling sprue 5 is entered by the cooling secondary channels 6 of annular, cooling-lubricant is in the cooling secondary channels 6 of annular
The cooling to cylindrical base is realized in flowing, (cooling sprue) flowing in each tooth form coolant flow channel by cooling-lubricant
Realize the cooling to each gear teeth.
Greasing: cooling-lubricant after cooling is completed from cooling sprue 5 and flows to annular lubricant sprue 8, then is led to
Cross cooling-lubricant outlet flow 9 (preferably circular-arc-shaped design) stream being arranged between annular lubricant sprue 8 and each tooth socket
To the node of the flank of tooth, the cooling-lubricant when engaged transmission acts directly on the mesh regional of two phase gears, realizes
Lubrication.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 1,2,4 and Fig. 5, which is to be changed on the basis of embodiment 1 to internal cooling system
Into, in order to flow cooling-lubricant in internal cooling system more smooth, while additionally aid cooling-lubricant from
Internal cooling system enters interior lubricating system.
The gear passes through 3D printing technique machine-shaping;Including cylindrical base 1 and along the circumferential direction it is uniformly arranged on
Multiple gear teeth 2 on cylindrical base 1;Cylindrical base 1 is equipped with center mounting hole 3;
It is equipped in each gear teeth 2 and is adapted tooth form coolant flow channel 4 with tooth profiles, all gear teeth are divided into N number of gear
Group, the tooth form coolant flow channel 4 in each gear set are interconnected;To form the cooling sprue 5 of N group;
The cooling secondary channels 6 of annular are equipped in cylindrical base 1;
It is connected between the cooling secondary channels 6 of annular and the center mounting hole 3 by cooling-lubricant entrance channel 7;
Annular lubricant sprue 8 is equipped in the position close to root circle in cylindrical base 1;
Cooling-lubricant outlet flow 9 is equipped between annular lubricant sprue 8 and each tooth socket;
First tooth form coolant flow channel 41 is connected to the cooling secondary channels 6 of the annular in every group of cooling sprue 5, and every group cold
But the last one tooth form coolant flow channel 42 is connected to the annular lubricant sprue 8 in sprue 5;
The cooling sprue 5 of N group, the cooling secondary channels 6 of annular and cooling-lubricant entrance on same radial section
Runner 7 constitutes an internal cooling system;
Annular lubricant sprue 8, cooling-lubricant outlet flow 9 on same radial section are constituted to be lubricated in one
System;
Internal cooling system and interior lubricating system are located on different radial sections.
In order to guarantee the cooling and lubrication of gear in facewidth range as far as possible, internal cooling system and interior lubricating system are in cylinder
It is equipped with multiple in shape matrix 1 and alternates arrangement along the axial direction of cylindrical base 1.
In order to keep the cooling-lubricant flowed into an internal cooling system same time as uniform as possible, above-mentioned cooling and lubricating
Liquid entrance channel 7 is along the circumferential direction equipped with a plurality of and is connected to the cooling secondary channels 6 of the annular.
As shown in fig. 6, above-mentioned cooling-lubricant outlet flow 9 is in arc-shaped, the purpose of this design is: cooling-lubricant
From the node that cooling-lubricant outlet flow ejiction opening can act directly on the flank of tooth, enable cooling-lubricant sufficiently to tooth
The mesh regional of wheel is lubricated.
As Figure 7-9, when being engaged transmission using the gear, a transmission shaft 10 and intermeshing driving tooth are needed
Wheel 11 and driven gear, wherein driving gear 11 is connect with transmission shaft 10;Transmission shaft 10 is provided with a center along central axis and flows
Road 101 is radially provided at least one radial flow path 102 being connected to the central passage 101;The outer circle of transmission shaft 10
Surface is also provided with the annular channel 103 being connected to the radial flow path 102, in assembly, needs to guarantee to be arranged in transmission shaft
Annular channel 103 is aligned with cooling-lubricant entrance channel 7 is arranged on gear on 10, it is ensured that cooling-lubricant is from transmission shaft 10
Smoothly flow into gear.
It is described based on above structure, it is now described separately to the cooling of the embodiment, greasing: cooling procedure: cooling profit
Synovia by external filter plant, after supercharging equipment, successively via in transmission shaft center flow channels 101, radial flow path 102 and
After annular channel 103, the cooling secondary channels 6 of annular are entered by a plurality of cooling-lubricant entrance channel 7, then cooling secondary by annular
First tooth form coolant flow channel 41 enters in the cooling sprue 5 of N group in runner 6 and every group of cooling sprue 5, and cooling-lubricant exists
The cooling to cylindrical base is realized in flowing in the cooling secondary channels 6 of annular, through cooling-lubricant in the cooling sprue 5 of N group
The cooling to each gear teeth is realized in flowing.
Greasing: cooling-lubricant after cooling is completed from the cooling stream of the last one tooth form of every group of cooling sprue 5
Road 42 flows to annular lubricant sprue 8, then the cooling-lubricant by being arranged between annular lubricant sprue 8 and each tooth socket goes out
Mouth runner 9 (preferably circular-arc-shaped design) flows to the node of the flank of tooth, and the cooling-lubricant when engaged transmission acts directly on two
The mesh regional of a phase gear realizes lubrication.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of gear with interior cooling and lubricating system, including cylindrical base (1) and along the circumferential direction it is uniformly arranged on
Multiple gear teeth (2) on cylindrical base (1);The cylindrical base (1) is equipped with center mounting hole (3);
It is characterized by:
Gear passes through 3D printing technique machine-shaping;
It is equipped in each gear teeth (2) and is adapted tooth form coolant flow channel (4) with the gear teeth (2) shape, and every tooth form coolant flow channel
(4) it is interconnected, all tooth form coolant flow channels (4) surround a cooling sprue (5);
It is cooling secondary channels (6) that the annular being connected to the cooling sprue (5) is equipped in cylindrical base (1);
Annular is connected between cooling secondary channels (6) and the center mounting hole (3) by cooling-lubricant entrance channel (7);
Annular lubricant sprue (8) are equipped in the position close to root circle in cylindrical base (1), and annular lubricant sprue
(8) it is connected to the cooling sprue (5);
Cooling-lubricant outlet flow (9) are equipped between annular lubricant sprue (8) and each tooth socket;
Cooling sprue (5), annular cooling secondary channels (6) and cooling-lubricant entrance channel on same radial section
(7) internal cooling system is constituted;
Annular lubricant sprue (8), cooling-lubricant outlet flow (9) on same radial section are constituted to be lubricated in one
System;
The internal cooling system and interior lubricating system are located on different radial sections.
2. a kind of gear with interior cooling and lubricating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the interior cooling system
System and interior lubricating system are equipped with multiple in cylindrical base (1) and alternate arrangement along the axial direction of cylindrical base (1).
3. a kind of gear with interior cooling and lubricating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cooling and lubricating
Liquid entrance channel (7) is along the circumferential direction equipped with a plurality of and is connected to the annular cooling secondary channels (6).
4. a kind of gear with interior cooling and lubricating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the cooling and lubricating
Liquid outlet flow (9) is in arc-shaped.
5. a kind of gear drive, including transmission shaft (10), the driving gear (11) being connect with transmission shaft (10) and with master
The driven gear of moving gear (11) engagement;
It is characterized by:
The driving gear (11) is the tooth with interior cooling and lubricating system as described in claim 1-4 any claim
Wheel;
The transmission shaft (10) is provided with a center flow channels (101) along central axis, is radially provided with logical with the center
At least one radial flow path (102) of road (101) connection;The outer round surface of transmission shaft (10) is also provided with and the radial flow path
(102) annular channel (103) being connected to.
6. a kind of gear with interior cooling and lubricating system, including cylindrical base (1) and along the circumferential direction it is uniformly arranged on
Multiple gear teeth (2) on cylindrical base (1);The cylindrical base (1) is equipped with center mounting hole (3);
It is characterized by:
Gear passes through 3D printing technique machine-shaping;
It is equipped in each gear teeth (2) and is adapted tooth form coolant flow channel (4) with the gear teeth (2) shape, all gear teeth are divided into N number of tooth
Wheel group, the tooth form coolant flow channel (4) in each gear set are interconnected;It is cooling sprue (5) to form N group;
It is cooling secondary channels (6) that annular is equipped in cylindrical base (1);
Annular is connected between cooling secondary channels (6) and the center mounting hole (3) by cooling-lubricant entrance channel (7);
Annular lubricant sprue (8) are equipped in the position close to root circle in cylindrical base (1);
Cooling-lubricant outlet flow (9) are equipped between annular lubricant sprue (8) and each tooth socket;
First tooth form coolant flow channel (41) is connected to the annular cooling secondary channels (6) in every group of cooling sprue (5), and every group
The last one tooth form coolant flow channel (42) is connected to the annular lubricant sprue (8) in cooling sprue (5);
N group cooling sprue (5), annular cooling secondary channels (6) and cooling-lubricant entrance on same radial section
Runner (7) constitutes an internal cooling system;
Annular lubricant sprue (8), cooling-lubricant outlet flow (9) on same radial section are constituted to be lubricated in one
System;
The internal cooling system and interior lubricating system are located on different radial sections.
7. a kind of gear with interior cooling and lubricating system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the interior cooling system
System and interior lubricating system are equipped with multiple in cylindrical base (1) and alternate arrangement along the axial direction of cylindrical base (1).
8. a kind of gear with interior cooling and lubricating system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the cooling and lubricating
Liquid entrance channel (7) is along the circumferential direction equipped with a plurality of and is connected to the annular cooling secondary channels (6).
9. a kind of gear with interior cooling and lubricating system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the cooling and lubricating
Liquid outlet flow (9) is in arc-shaped.
10. a kind of gear drive, including transmission shaft (10), the driving gear (11) being connect with transmission shaft (10) and with master
The driven gear of moving gear (11) engagement;
It is characterized by:
The driving gear (11) is the tooth with interior cooling and lubricating system as described in claim 6-9 any claim
Wheel;
The transmission shaft (10) is provided with a center flow channels (101) along central axis, is radially provided with logical with the center
At least one radial flow path (102) of road (101) connection;The outer round surface of transmission shaft (10) is also provided with and the radial flow path
(102) annular channel (103) being connected to.
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Cited By (2)
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CN111985062A (en) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-24 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Diesel engine timing gear lubrication state prediction method considering three-dimensional surface machining roughness |
CN112628383A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-09 | 徐少华 | Novel straight gear equipped with oil outlet valve |
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