CN109931061B - Method for reserving coal pillars of up-and-down alternative collaborative mining sections of close-distance coal seam - Google Patents
Method for reserving coal pillars of up-and-down alternative collaborative mining sections of close-distance coal seam Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reserving coal pillars of a close-distance coal seam up and down successive collaborative mining section. The method is particularly suitable for the up-and-down successive synergic exploitation of the underground short-distance coal seam of the coal mine. Respectively determining the upper coal seam area by using a method combining theoretical calculation and numerical simulationReasonable reserved width X of coal pillaruReasonable space offset L of coal pillars of upper and lower coal seam sections and reasonable reserved width X of coal pillars of lower coal seam sectionssAnd verifying the reasonability of the values by applying a physical similarity simulation method. The coal pillar setting method can be suitable for the up-and-down successive collaborative mining of the close-range coal seam, can ensure the stability of the coal pillar and the mining roadway in the section, can increase the mining rate of coal resources, and is beneficial to the realization of safe and economic mining of the mine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for reserving a sectional coal pillar, in particular to a method for reserving a sectional coal pillar under the condition of close-distance coal seam up-down successive-replacing collaborative mining used in a coal mine.
Background
The short-distance coal seam is one of the characteristics of coal occurrence in northwest areas such as Xinjiang and the like, and safe and efficient mining of the short-distance coal seam (group) becomes a hot problem of the coal industry along with the gradual shift of the mining of the coal resources in China to the western and deep strategies. The method aims to mine short-distance coal beds by adopting an upward mining or downward mining technology in most mines in China. In general, in the upward mining, the mining influence multiple is required to be more than 7.5, the safety risk is high, and the safe mining is not facilitated; downmining does not destroy the integrity and continuity of the lower seam, but has certain limitations.
The close-distance coal seam up-down alternative collaborative mining technology scientifically combines down mining and up mining according to the spatial arrangement conditions of different coal seams and working faces, adopts a 'down mining' mode among the overlapped working faces of different coal seams, adopts an 'up mining' mode among the staggered working faces of different coal seams, and alternately mines the working faces of the upper coal seam and the lower coal seam one by one, thereby not only exerting the advantages of the up mining and the down mining in the aspects of technology and economy, but also considering the real-time requirements of the market on different coal types, and leading the mine mining to have safety and economy.
Under the condition of close-range coal seam up-down alternative collaborative mining, reasonably reserving section coal pillars is an important guarantee for realizing close-range coal seam safe mining, improving the resource recovery rate and increasing the economic benefit of a mine. At present, most of mines in China maintain the stability of a stoping roadway in a mode of reserving section coal pillars, research on reserving width of the section coal pillars is mostly concentrated on close-distance coal seam up-mining or down-mining mines, and the problem of reasonable reserving of the section coal pillars under the influence of multiple mining actions in close-distance coal seam collaborative mining is further researched deeply, so that the method for reserving the section coal pillars under the condition of close-distance coal seam up-down successive collaborative mining has an important meaning.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the technology, the method for reserving the coal pillars of the close-range coal seam up and down replacing collaborative mining section is simple in steps and good in using effect, and effectively improves the mining rate and economic benefit of mine coal resources.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the method for reserving the coal pillars of the short-distance coal seam up and down successive collaborative mining sections is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, setting an upper coal bed and a lower coal bed in a construction area, and determining the reasonable reserved width X of a coal pillar of an upper coal bed section through theoretical calculation and a numerical simulation methoduDetermining the reasonable space offset L of the coal pillars of the upper and lower sections of the short-distance coal seam by applying theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methods, and determining the reasonable reserved width X of the coal pillars of the lower coal seam section by applying theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methodssAnd verifying reasonable coal pillar reserved width X of the upper coal seam section by using a physical similarity simulation methoduReasonable space offset L of coal pillars of upper and lower sections of short-distance coal seam and reasonable reserved width X of coal pillars of lower coal seam sectionsAnd the reasonability of the value.
Method for determining reasonable reserved width X of coal pillar of upper coal seam zone by applying theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methoduThe method comprises the following steps:
a. respectively obtaining the plasticity of the coal pillar goaf side of the middle section of the upper coal layerZone width X1Plastic zone width Y of section coal pillar roadway side1Width Z of elastic zone of coal pillar1Using the formula: wu＝X1+Y1+Z1Obtaining theoretical set width W of coal pillar of upper coal seam sectionu；
b. Determining numerical simulation width w of coal pillar in upper coal seam sectionu: theoretical setting width W of coal pillar of upper coal seam zoneu+/-6 m is the numerical simulation width range of the upper coal seam section coal pillar, numerical simulation calculation is carried out on the width of the upper coal seam section coal pillar by using finite difference numerical simulation software, and the numerical simulation width w of the upper coal seam section coal pillar is determined by comparing and analyzing the numerical simulation results of the coal pillars with different widthsu；
c. Using the formula: xu≥min{Wu,wuAnd determining reasonable upper coal seam area coal pillar reserved width X by combining theoretical calculation and numerical simulation calculation width results of the upper coal seam area coal pillaru。
Determining the reasonable space offset L of the coal pillars of the upper and lower sections of the short-distance coal seam by applying theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methods, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
a. using the formula:
calculating theoretical offset L of coal pillars of upper and lower sections of short-distance coal bed1In the formula: l is1The unit is m, and the theoretical offset distance of coal columns of the upper and lower sections of the short-distance coal bed is obtained; h is the interval between the upper coal seam layer and the lower coal seam layer, and the unit is m; the unit is m; h is1Is the thickness of the coalbed layer, and the unit is m;
is the stress propagation angle of influence, in degrees;
b. numerical simulation offset L for determining coal pillar numerical simulation of upper and lower sections of close-distance coal seam by applying numerical simulation method2: theoretical offset L of coal pillars at upper and lower sections of short-distance coal seam1A numerical simulation offset L of +/-10 m2Numerical simulation calculation is carried out on reasonable space offset of coal pillars of upper and lower sections of short-distance coal seams by using finite difference numerical simulation software to determine upper and lower areas of the reasonable short-distance coal seamsNumerical simulation offset L of coal pillar2。
c. Using the formula: l is not less than min { L1,L2And (6) determining the reasonable space offset L of the coal pillars at the upper section and the lower section of the close-distance coal seam by combining theoretical calculation and numerical simulation calculation of the width result.
Method for determining reasonable reserved width X of coal pillar of lower coal seam section by applying theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methodsThe method comprises the following steps:
a. respectively obtaining the plastic area width X of the coal pillar goaf side of the lower coal seam section2Plastic zone width Y of section coal pillar roadway side2Width Z of elastic zone of coal pillar2Using the formula: ws＝X2+Y2+Z2Calculating the theoretical set width W of the coal pillar of the lower coal seam sections；
b. Determining numerical simulation width w of coal pillar of lower coal seam area sections: theoretical set width W of coal pillar of coal seam section is taken downs+/-6 m is the numerical simulation width of the coal pillar of the lower coal seam, numerical simulation calculation is carried out on the width of the coal pillar of the lower coal seam section by using finite difference numerical simulation software, and the numerical simulation width w of the coal pillar of the upper coal seam section is determined by comparing and analyzing the numerical simulation results of the coal pillars with different widthss；
c. Using the formula: xs≥min{Ws,wsAnd determining reasonable coal pillar reserved width X of the lower coal seam section by combining theoretical calculation and numerical simulation calculation width results of the coal pillars of the lower coal seam sections。
The width X of a plastic zone at the side of a coal pillar mining area of the upper coal seam zone section1And the width X of the plastic zone at the side of the coal pillar hollow zone of the lower coal seam zone2Using the formula:
calculating, wherein m is the coal seam mining height and the unit is m, β is the lateral pressure coefficient, β is mu/(1-mu), and mu is the Poisson ratio;
the angle of friction in the coal seam is expressed as degree; sigmaymFor supporting the peak stress in MPa, σymK is the stress concentration coefficient, H is the depth of burial in m, and γ is the overburden mean volume force in kN/m3；c0Is the cohesion of the coal bed and has the unit of MPa; ptThe unit is MPa for the supporting resistance of the coal side of the roadway at the upper section; and i is {1, 2}, wherein the parameters in the formula are upper coal seam parameters when i is 1, and the parameters in the formula are lower coal seam parameters when i is 2.
The width Y of a plastic zone at one side of a coal pillar roadway of the upper coal seam area section1And the width Y of a plastic zone at one side of a coal pillar roadway of a lower coal seam area section2Using the formula:
calculating; in the formula: r is0Is the equivalent radius of the gate way,
b is 1/2 rectangular roadway width, a is rectangular roadway height, and the unit is m; p is a radical of0Is the stress of the original rock in MPa; p is a radical ofiThe anchor rod is actively supported and restrained, and the unit is MPa;
the internal friction angle of the coal seam is represented by degrees; c. C0Is the cohesion of the coal bed and has the unit of MPa; p is a radical of0Is the stress of the original rock in MPa; and i is {1, 2}, wherein the parameters in the formula are upper coal seam parameters when i is 1, and the parameters in the formula are lower coal seam parameters when i is 2.
The width Z of the elastic zone of the coal pillar of the upper coal seam section1And the width Z of the elastic zone of the coal pillar of the lower coal seam zone2Using the formula: zi＝k(Xi+Yi) Calculating; wherein k is an elastic zone width system and is 0.2-0.5; and i is {1, 2}, wherein the parameters in the formula are upper coal seam parameters when i is 1, and the parameters in the formula are lower coal seam parameters when i is 2.
Has the advantages that: the invention discloses a method for reserving coal pillars of a short-distance coal seam up-down successive cooperative mining section, which is constructed for short-distance coal seam up-down successive cooperative mining mines in northwest and other areas of China. The coal pillar reserving method can be suitable for the up-and-down successive collaborative mining of the close-range coal seam, can ensure the stability of the coal pillar and the mining roadway in the section, can increase the mining rate of coal resources, and is beneficial to the realization of safe and economic mining of the mine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a design flow of a method for setting up coal pillars in an up-down alternative collaborative mining section of a close-range coal seam according to the invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement space of close-distance coal seam coal pillars.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the method for setting up the coal pillar of the close-distance coal seam up and down and replacing the cooperative mining section comprises the following steps:
step 1, setting an upper coal seam and a lower coal seam in a construction area, and determining reasonable reserved width X of a coal pillar of an upper coal seam section through theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methodsuThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
a. respectively obtaining the plastic zone width X of the coal pillar goaf side of the middle section of the upper coal layer1Plastic zone width Y of section coal pillar roadway side1Width Z of elastic zone of coal pillar1Using the formula: wu＝X1+Y1+Z1Obtaining theoretical set width W of coal pillar of upper coal seam sectionu；
b. Determining numerical simulation width w of coal pillar in upper coal seam sectionu: theoretical setting width W of coal pillar of upper coal seam zoneu+/-6 m is the numerical simulation width range of the upper coal seam section coal pillar, numerical simulation calculation is carried out on the width of the upper coal seam section coal pillar by using finite difference numerical simulation software, and the numerical simulation width w of the upper coal seam section coal pillar is determined by comparing and analyzing the numerical simulation results of the coal pillars with different widthsu；
c. Using the formula: xu≥min{Wu,wuAnd determining reasonable upper coal seam area coal pillar reserved width X by combining theoretical calculation and numerical simulation calculation width results of the upper coal seam area coal pillaru；
a. using the formula:
calculating theoretical offset L of coal pillars of upper and lower sections of short-distance coal bed1In the formula: l is1The unit is m, and the theoretical offset distance of coal columns of the upper and lower sections of the short-distance coal bed is obtained; h is the interval between the upper coal seam layer and the lower coal seam layer, and the unit is m; the unit is m; h is1Is the thickness of the coalbed layer, and the unit is m;
is the stress propagation angle of influence, in degrees;
b. numerical simulation offset L for determining coal pillar numerical simulation of upper and lower sections of close-distance coal seam by applying numerical simulation method2: theoretical offset L of coal pillars at upper and lower sections of short-distance coal seam1A numerical simulation offset L of +/-10 m2Numerical simulation calculation is carried out on reasonable space offset of coal pillars at upper and lower sections of short-distance coal seams by using finite difference numerical simulation software, and numerical simulation offset L of coal pillars at upper and lower sections of reasonable short-distance coal seams is determined2；
c. Using the formula: l is not less than min { L1,L2Combining theoretical calculation and numerical simulation calculation width results to determine reasonable space offset L of coal columns at upper and lower sections of a close-distance coal seam;
method for determining reasonable reserved width X of coal pillar of lower coal seam section by applying theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methodsThe method specifically comprises the following steps:
a. respectively obtaining the plastic area width X of the coal pillar goaf side of the lower coal seam section2Plastic zone width Y of section coal pillar roadway side2Width Z of elastic zone of coal pillar2Using the formula: ws＝X2+Y2+Z2Calculating the theoretical set width W of the coal pillar of the lower coal seam sections；
b. Determining numerical simulation width w of coal pillar of lower coal seam area sections: theoretical set width W of coal pillar of coal seam section is taken downsPlus or minus 6m is the numerical simulation width of the coal pillar of the lower coal seamNumerical simulation calculation is carried out on the width of the coal pillar of the lower coal seam zone by using finite difference numerical simulation software, and the numerical simulation width w of the coal pillar of the upper coal seam zone is determined by comparing and analyzing the numerical simulation results of the coal pillars with different widthss；
c. Using the formula: xs≥min{Ws,wsAnd determining reasonable coal pillar reserved width X of the lower coal seam section by combining theoretical calculation and numerical simulation calculation width results of the coal pillars of the lower coal seam sections；
The width X of a plastic zone at the side of a coal pillar mining area of the upper coal seam zone section1And the width X of the plastic zone at the side of the coal pillar hollow zone of the lower coal seam zone2Using the formula:
calculating, wherein m is the coal seam mining height and the unit is m, β is the lateral pressure coefficient, β is mu/(1-mu), and mu is the Poisson ratio;
the angle of friction in the coal seam is expressed as degree; sigmaymFor supporting the peak stress in MPa, σymK is the stress concentration coefficient, H is the depth of burial in m, and γ is the overburden mean volume force in kN/m3；c0Is the cohesion of the coal bed and has the unit of MPa; ptThe unit is MPa for the supporting resistance of the coal side of the roadway at the upper section; when i is 1, taking the parameter of the upper coal seam, and when i is 2, taking the parameter of the lower coal seam;
the width Y of a plastic zone at one side of a coal pillar roadway of the upper coal seam area section1And the width Y of a plastic zone at one side of a coal pillar roadway of a lower coal seam area section2Using the formula:
calculating; in the formula: r is0Is the equivalent radius of the gate way,
b is 1/2 rectangular roadway width, a is rectangular roadway height, and the unit is m; p is a radical of0Is the stress of the original rock in MPa; p is a radical ofiThe anchor rod is actively supported and restrained, and the unit is MPa;
the internal friction angle of the coal seam is represented by degrees; c. C0Is the cohesion of the coal bed and has the unit of MPa; p is a radical of0Is the stress of the original rock in MPa; when i is 1, taking the parameter of the upper coal seam, and when i is 2, taking the parameter of the lower coal seam;
the width Z of the elastic zone of the coal pillar of the upper coal seam section1And the width Z of the elastic zone of the coal pillar of the lower coal seam zone2Using the formula: zi＝k(Xi+Yi) Calculating; wherein k is an elastic zone width system and is 0.2-0.5; when i is 1, taking the parameter of the upper coal seam, and when i is 2, taking the parameter of the lower coal seam;
verification of reasonable coal pillar reserved width X of upper coal seam zone section by using physical similarity simulation methoduReasonable space offset L of coal pillars of upper and lower sections of short-distance coal seam and reasonable reserved width X of coal pillars of lower coal seam sectionsAnd the reasonability of the value.
Example (b):
a certain mineral in Xinjiang has 6 layers of coal seams which can be mined, and the A5 and A3 coal seams are designed and mined at present. The coal bed A5 is No. 45 gas coal, belongs to coking coal, has high sales volume, low price and low profit; the A3 coal layer is silicon coal, can be used as a carbonaceous reducing agent, is a main raw material for producing and smelting industrial silicon, belongs to high-quality power, civil and coking coal blending, and has high price and profit, but small market demand and low sales volume. The average thickness of the A5 coal seam is 5.4m, the average thickness of the A3 coal seam is 4.8m, the distance between the A3 coal seam and the A5 coal seam at the upper part is 22m, and the coal seam belongs to a short-distance coal seam.
In order to meet the market demands for different coal types and improve the economic benefits of mines, the mine design adopts an up-down alternative collaborative mining method to mine A5 and A3 coal seams, and the mining sequence of the designed working face is an A501 working face, an A301 working face, an A502 working face and an A302 working face in sequence. Under the cooperative mining condition of the Tortz mine close-range coal seam, the reasonable section coal pillar reserving width is an important guarantee for realizing the safe mining of the close-range coal seam, improving the resource recovery rate and increasing the economic benefit of a mine, and the section coal pillar reserving method comprises the following steps:
step 1: method for determining reasonable reserved width X of coal pillar of upper coal seam zone by applying theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methoduThe method comprises the following steps:
a. determining theoretical set width W of coal pillar in upper coal seam sectionuThe theoretical set width W of coal pillaruThe specific numerical values of (a) are calculated by the formulas (1) to (4).
Wu＝X1+Y1+Z1(1)
In the formula (1), WuIs the section coal pillar width, and the unit is m; x1The plastic zone width at the goaf side is m; y is1The width of a plastic zone at one side of the mining roadway is m; z1The unit is m, which is the width of the elastic zone of the coal pillar.
In the formula (2), m is the coal seam mining height, the unit is m, β is the lateral pressure coefficient, β is mu/(1-mu), and mu is the Poisson ratio;
is the angle of friction in the coal seam, and has the unit of (°); sigmaymFor supporting the peak stress in MPa, σymK is the stress concentration coefficient, H is the depth of burial in m, and γ is the overburden mean volume force in kN/m3；c0Is the cohesion of the coal bed and has the unit of MPa; ptThe unit is MPa for the supporting resistance of the coal side of the roadway at the upper section; and i is {1, 2}, wherein the parameters in the formula are upper coal seam parameters when i is 1, and the parameters in the formula are lower coal seam parameters when i is 2.
According to the specific engineering geological conditions of the mine, the mining thickness of the A5 coal bed is 5.4 m; actually measuring the coal body Poisson ratio to be 0.29 and the lateral pressure coefficient to be 0.41; taking the internal friction angle of the A5 coal seam as 28 degrees; the stress concentration coefficient is 3, the buried depth of the coal seam is 150m, and the average volume force of the overlying rock stratum is 25kN/m3The peak value of the supporting stress is 11.25 MPa; inner partThe concentration force is 1.6 MPa; the supporting resistance of the coal side of the roadway at the upper section is 0.2MPa, and the width X of the side plastic zone of the mining area is obtained through calculation1＝2.9m。
In formula (3): r is0Is the equivalent radius of the gate way,
b is 1/2 rectangular roadway width, a is rectangular roadway height, in m; p is a radical of0Is the stress of the original rock in MPa; p is a radical ofiThe anchor rod is actively supported and restrained, and the unit is MPa;
is the angle of friction in the coal seam, and has the unit of (°); c. C0Is the cohesion of the coal bed and has the unit of MPa; p is a radical of0Is the stress of the original rock in MPa; and i is {1, 2}, wherein the parameters in the formula are upper coal seam parameters when i is 1, and the parameters in the formula are lower coal seam parameters when i is 2.
Substituting the coal bed related data of the ore A5 into formula (3), wherein b is 2.1m, a is 2.8m, r0＝2.01m；c0＝1.6MPa，
pi＝0.2MPa，p0The width Y of the plastic zone at the roadway side of the A501 coal pillar is obtained when the pressure is 11.25MPa1＝3.2m。
Zi＝k(Xi+Yi) (4)
In formula (4): k is an elastic zone width system, and is 0.2-0.5; and i is {1, 2}, wherein the parameters in the formula are upper coal seam parameters when i is 1, and the parameters in the formula are lower coal seam parameters when i is 2.
Substituting the calculation results of the coal pillar plastic zone in the formulas (2) and (3) into the formula (4) to obtain the width Z of the coal pillar elastic zone1＝1.22m～3.05m。
Substituting the calculation results of the formulas (2) to (4) into the formula (1) to obtain the theoretical reserved width W of the coal pillar of the section A5 of the coal seam on the mineu＝7.3m～9.1m。
b. Determining numerical simulation width w of coal pillar in upper coal seam sectionu: reserving width W according to upper coal seam zone coal pillar theoryuDetermining the numerical simulation width w of the coal pillar in the upper coal seam section, selecting coal pillars with reserved widths of 4m, 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m, 9m, 10m, 11m and 12m according to actual engineering conditions, respectively performing simulation calculation, comparing and analyzing the stress distribution, deformation rule and plastic region development rule of the coal pillars in the sections with different widths, and determining the numerical simulation width w of the coal pillar in the upper coal seam sectionu≥7m。
c. Determining the reasonable coal pillar reserved width X of the upper coal seam section of the mine by combining the theoretical calculation and numerical simulation calculation width results of the coal pillar of the upper coal seam sectionu＝8m。
Step 2: the method for determining the reasonable space offset L of the coal pillars of the upper and lower sections of the short-distance coal seam by applying theoretical calculation and numerical simulation comprises the following steps:
a. theoretical offset L of coal pillars in upper and lower sections of short-distance coal seam is determined by applying theoretical calculation method1，L1Is calculated by the formula (5).
In formula (5): l is1The unit is m, which is the theoretical offset distance of coal pillars at the upper and lower sections of the short-distance coal bed; h is the interval between the upper coal seam layer and the lower coal seam layer, and the unit is m; h is1Is the thickness of the coalbed, in m;
the stress propagation influence angle is expressed in (°).
According to the actual situation of the Tortz mine coal rock stratum, the coal layer spacing h is 22m, and the coal layer thickness h of the lower coal layer A31At 4.8m, the stress propagation influence angle is 25 °. Calculated, the theoretical offset L of the coal pillars at the upper and lower sections1＝12.5m。
b. Numerical simulation offset L for determining coal pillar numerical simulation of upper and lower sections of close-distance coal seam by applying numerical simulation method2: according to the theoretical offset L of the upper and lower coal pillars1Determination of coal in upper and lower sectionsColumn numerical simulation offset, wherein the numerical simulation offset of the coal columns of the upper and lower sections is selected to be-20 m, -16m, -12m, -8m, -4m, 0m, 4m, 8m, 12m, 16m and 20m according to actual engineering conditions, simulation calculation is respectively carried out, the stress distribution, the deformation rule and the plastic region development rule of the coal columns of the A5 section under different offsets are contrastively analyzed, and the numerical simulation offset L of the coal columns of the upper and lower sections of the short-distance coal bed is determined2≥16m。
c. And determining the reasonable space offset L of the coal pillars at the upper and lower sections of the short-distance coal seam to be 16m by combining the theoretical calculation and the numerical simulation calculation width result.
And 3, step 3: method for determining reasonable reserved width X of coal pillar of lower coal seam section by applying theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methodsThe method comprises the following steps:
a. determining the theoretical set width W of the coal pillar of the lower coal seam sectionsThe theoretical set width W of coal pillarsIs calculated by formula (6), wherein X is in formula (6)2、Y2、Z2The specific numerical value is calculated by formula (2), formula (3) and formula (4).
Ws＝X2+Y2+Z2(6)
According to the specific engineering geological conditions of the mine, the mining thickness of a coal seam under A3 is 4.8 m; the lateral pressure coefficient is 0.41; taking the internal friction angle of the A3 coal seam as 28 degrees; the coal seam burial depth is 177.4m, and the peak value of the supporting stress is 13.31 MPa; the cohesive force is 1.6 MPa; the supporting resistance of the coal side of the roadway at the upper section is 0.2MPa, and the width X of the side plastic zone of the mining area is obtained through calculation22.9m, tunnel side plastic zone width Y23.5m, pillar elastic zone width Z31.3 m-3.2 m, namely the theoretical set width W of coal pillar of coal seam section under the ore A3s＝7.7m～9.6m。
b. Determining numerical simulation width w of coal pillar of lower coal seam area sections: reserving width w according to upper coal seam zone coal pillar theorysDetermining the numerical simulation width of the coal pillar in the upper coal seam section, selecting coal pillars with reserved widths of 5m, 6m, 7m, 8m, 9m, 10m, 11m, 12m and 13m according to actual engineering conditions, respectively performing simulation calculation, comparing and analyzing the stress distribution, deformation rule and plastic region development rule of the coal pillars in the sections with different widths, and determining the numerical simulation width of the coal pillar in the upper coal seam sectionPseudo width ws≥9m
c. Determining the reasonable coal pillar reserved width X of the upper coal seam section of the mine by combining the theoretical calculation and numerical simulation calculation width results of the coal pillar of the upper coal seam sections＝9m。
And 4, step 4: performing physical similarity experiment according to the geological condition of mining and the calculation result, wherein the experiment result shows that the upper coal seam area coal pillar is reasonably reserved with the width XuReasonable space offset L of coal pillars of upper and lower sections of short-distance coal seam and reasonable reserved width X of coal pillars of lower coal seam sectionsThe value is reasonable.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention in any way, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A close-distance coal seam up-down successive collaborative mining section coal pillar reserving method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, setting an upper coal bed and a lower coal bed in a construction area, and determining the reasonable reserved width X of a coal pillar of an upper coal bed section through theoretical calculation and a numerical simulation methoduDetermining the reasonable space offset L of the coal pillars of the upper and lower sections of the short-distance coal seam by applying theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methods, and determining the reasonable reserved width X of the coal pillars of the lower coal seam section by applying theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methodssAnd verifying reasonable coal pillar reserved width X of the upper coal seam section by using a physical similarity simulation methoduReasonable space offset L of coal pillars of upper and lower sections of short-distance coal seam and reasonable reserved width X of coal pillars of lower coal seam sectionsThe reasonability of the value;
determining the reasonable space offset L of the coal pillars of the upper and lower sections of the short-distance coal seam by applying theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methods, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
a. using the formula:
calculating theoretical offset L of coal pillars of upper and lower sections of short-distance coal bed1In the formula: l is1The unit is m, and the theoretical offset distance of coal columns of the upper and lower sections of the short-distance coal bed is obtained; h is the interval between the upper coal seam layer and the lower coal seam layer, and the unit is m; (ii) a h is1Is the thickness of the coalbed layer, and the unit is m;
is the stress propagation angle of influence, in degrees;
b. numerical simulation offset L for determining coal pillar numerical simulation of upper and lower sections of close-distance coal seam by applying numerical simulation method2: theoretical offset L of coal pillars at upper and lower sections of short-distance coal seam1A numerical simulation offset L of +/-10 m2Numerical simulation calculation is carried out on reasonable space offset of coal pillars at upper and lower sections of short-distance coal seams by using finite difference numerical simulation software, and numerical simulation offset L of coal pillars at upper and lower sections of reasonable short-distance coal seams is determined2；
c. Using the formula: l is not less than min { L1,L2And (6) determining the reasonable space offset L of the coal pillars at the upper section and the lower section of the close-distance coal seam by combining theoretical calculation and numerical simulation calculation of the width result.
2. The close-range coal seam up-down successive replacement collaborative mining section coal pillar reserving method according to claim 1, characterized in that theoretical calculation and numerical simulation methods are applied to determine reasonable reserving width X of the upper coal seam section coal pillaruThe method comprises the following steps:
a. respectively obtaining the plastic zone width X of the coal pillar goaf side of the middle section of the upper coal layer1Plastic zone width Y of section coal pillar roadway side1Width Z of elastic zone of coal pillar1Using the formula: wu＝X1+Y1+Z1Obtaining theoretical set width W of coal pillar of upper coal seam sectionu；
b. Determining numerical simulation width w of coal pillar in upper coal seam sectionu: theoretical setting width W of coal pillar of upper coal seam zoneu+/-6 m is the numerical simulation width range of the upper coal seam section coal pillar, numerical simulation calculation is carried out on the width of the upper coal seam section coal pillar by using finite difference numerical simulation software, and the numerical simulation width w of the upper coal seam section coal pillar is determined by comparing and analyzing the numerical simulation results of the coal pillars with different widthsu；
c. Using the formula: xu≥min{Wu,wuAnd determining reasonable upper coal seam area coal pillar reserved width X by combining theoretical calculation and numerical simulation calculation width results of the upper coal seam area coal pillaru。
3. The method for reserving coal pillars at upper and lower alternative collaborative mining sections from a coal seam according to claim 2, wherein the method for determining the reasonable reserving width X of the coal pillars at the lower coal seam section by theoretical calculation and numerical simulation is appliedsThe method comprises the following steps:
a. respectively obtaining the plastic area width X of the coal pillar goaf side of the lower coal seam section2Plastic zone width Y of section coal pillar roadway side2Width Z of elastic zone of coal pillar2Using the formula: ws＝X2+Y2+Z2Calculating the theoretical set width W of the coal pillar of the lower coal seam sections；
b. Determining numerical simulation width w of coal pillar of lower coal seam area sections: theoretical set width W of coal pillar of coal seam section is taken downs+/-6 m is the numerical simulation width of the coal pillar of the lower coal seam, numerical simulation calculation is carried out on the width of the coal pillar of the lower coal seam section by using finite difference numerical simulation software, and the numerical simulation width w of the coal pillar of the upper coal seam section is determined by comparing and analyzing the numerical simulation results of the coal pillars with different widthss；
c. Using the formula: xs≥min{Ws,wsAnd determining reasonable coal pillar reserved width X of the lower coal seam section by combining theoretical calculation and numerical simulation calculation width results of the coal pillars of the lower coal seam sections。
4. The close-range coal seam up-down successive replacement collaborative mining section coal pillar setting method according to claim 3, characterized by comprising the following steps: the width X of a plastic zone at the side of a coal pillar mining area of the upper coal seam zone section1And the width X of the plastic zone at the side of the coal pillar hollow zone of the lower coal seam zone2Using the formula:
calculating; in the formula: m isThe unit of the coal seam mining height is m, β is a lateral pressure coefficient, β is mu/(1-mu), and mu is a Poisson ratio;
the angle of friction in the coal seam is expressed as degree; sigmaymFor supporting the peak stress in MPa, σymK is the stress concentration coefficient, H is the depth of burial in m, and γ is the overburden mean volume force in kN/m3；c0Is the cohesion of the coal bed and has the unit of MPa; ptThe unit is MPa for the supporting resistance of the coal side of the roadway at the upper section; and i is {1, 2}, wherein the parameters in the formula are upper coal seam parameters when i is 1, and the parameters in the formula are lower coal seam parameters when i is 2.
5. The close-range coal seam up-down successive replacement cooperative mining section coal pillar setting method according to claim 3, characterized in that the width Y of the plastic zone at one side of the roadway of the upper coal seam section coal pillar1And the width Y of a plastic zone at one side of a coal pillar roadway of a lower coal seam area section2Using the formula:
calculating; in the formula: r is0Is the equivalent radius of the gate way,
b is 1/2 rectangular roadway width, a is rectangular roadway height, and the unit is m; p is a radical of0Is the stress of the original rock in MPa; p is a radical ofiThe anchor rod is actively supported and restrained, and the unit is MPa;
the internal friction angle of the coal seam is represented by degrees; c. C0Is the cohesion of the coal bed and has the unit of MPa; p is a radical of0Is the stress of the original rock in MPa; and i is {1, 2}, wherein the parameters in the formula are upper coal seam parameters when i is 1, and the parameters in the formula are lower coal seam parameters when i is 2.
6. The method of claim 3The close-distance coal seam up-down successive-replacing collaborative mining section coal pillar reserving method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the width Z of the elastic zone of the coal pillar of the upper coal seam section1And the width Z of the elastic zone of the coal pillar of the lower coal seam zone2Using the formula: zi＝k(Xi+Yi) Calculating; wherein k is an elastic zone width system and is 0.2-0.5; and i is {1, 2}, wherein the parameters in the formula are upper coal seam parameters when i is 1, and the parameters in the formula are lower coal seam parameters when i is 2.
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