CN109926869B

CN109926869B - Non-equal division hydraulic indexing chuck

Info

Publication number: CN109926869B
Application number: CN201910267675.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金灿灿; 罗国章
Original assignee: Zhejiang Jingsu Machine Tool Accessories Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Jingsu Machine Tool Accessories Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-04-03
Filing date: 2019-04-03
Publication date: 2020-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-03
Also published as: CN109926869A

Abstract

The invention discloses a non-uniform hydraulic indexing chuck, which relates to a machine tool fixture and is used for solving the problem of small angle adjusting range of a common hydraulic chuck, and comprises a chuck body, a clamping cavity arranged on the chuck body, at least two chuck cavities arranged on the chuck body, an indexing chuck seat and a clamping chuck seat which are respectively and rotatably connected in the two chuck cavities, and an indexing mechanism, wherein the indexing mechanism comprises an indexing cavity arranged on the chuck body, an indexing rack penetrating in the indexing cavity and moving along the depth direction of the indexing cavity, and meshing teeth arranged on a rotating shaft of the indexing chuck seat, the indexing rack is meshed with the meshing teeth, and a positioning component for fixing the indexing chuck seat is arranged on the chuck body; the indexing mechanism which adopts the gear rack system to transmit can realize more fine adjustment and has more and larger angle adjusting ranges, so that the hydraulic chuck can be positioned at more angles, and the purpose of improving the applicability of the hydraulic chuck is achieved.

Description

Non-equal division hydraulic indexing chuck

Technical Field

The invention relates to a machine tool clamp, in particular to a non-equal division hydraulic indexing chuck.

Background

The indexing chuck is a fixture applied to a numerical control machine tool, is mainly controlled through oil pressure, can switch a machined surface at any time according to machining requirements in the process of clamping a workpiece, achieves rapidness, sensitivity and accuracy, and is very widely applied to the field of machining.

At present, the chinese invention with the grant publication number CN208117407U discloses an indexing chuck, which includes a chuck body, an indexing shaft rotatably disposed in the chuck body, an indexing fixture block disposed at a central position of one end of the indexing shaft, a first ejector rod and a second ejector rod disposed at two sides of the indexing fixture block, the first ejector rod and the second ejector rod being movably disposed in the chuck body up and down, upper ends of the first ejector rod and the second ejector rod being close to each other, lower ends of the first ejector rod and the second ejector rod being away from each other, a first indexing attachment surface and a second indexing attachment surface disposed at a side portion of the indexing fixture block, the first indexing attachment surface and the second indexing attachment surface being adjacent flat end surfaces, the first indexing attachment surface and the second indexing attachment surface being perpendicular to each other, and a first indexing locking surface and a second indexing locking surface perpendicular to the upper end surface of the chuck body being disposed at an inner side portion of the upper end of the first ejector rod opposite to the upper end of the second ejector rod, respectively.

According to the indexing chuck, when the angle of the indexing shaft is adjusted, when the first ejector rod is ejected forwards, the second ejector rod can move backwards, and when the first ejector rod is in contact with the indexing fixture block, the second ejector rod can be separated from the indexing fixture block, then the indexing fixture block can be pushed to rotate in the process that the first ejector rod continues to move forwards until the first indexing locking surface on the first ejector rod is tightly abutted to the first indexing abutting surface, and the indexing fixture block is locked. In the process, the indexing shaft can rotate along with the indexing fixture block, and further the adjustment of the machined surface of the workpiece is realized, but the indexing structure can only be used for adjusting the fixed angle, namely, the indexing structure can only be used for switching according to the included angle between two adjacent indexing binding surfaces, and the structure enables the quantity of the indexable angles of the indexing chuck to be small, so that when the angles between the surfaces to be machined on the workpiece are not uniformly distributed, the indexing chuck is difficult to switch, and the applicability of the indexing chuck is narrow.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a non-equal division hydraulic indexing chuck, which can be used for adjusting various angles and increasing the angle positioning range of the indexing chuck so as to achieve the aim of improving the applicability of the indexing chuck.

The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a non-halving hydraulic pressure index chuck, includes the chuck body, set up clamping chamber on the chuck body, two at least symmetries set up on the circumference lateral wall of chuck body and with the cassette chamber of clamping chamber intercommunication, respectively rotate the indexing cassette that connects in two cassette intracavity and form the centre gripping mouth each other and press from both sides tight cassette, still including being used for ordering about the rotatory indexing mechanism of indexing cassette, indexing mechanism is including setting up on the chuck body and being located the indexing chamber of indexing cassette both sides respectively, wear to locate the indexing chamber and along the indexing rack of indexing chamber degree of depth direction motion, set up on the rotation axis of indexing cassette and around the meshing tooth that this rotation axis distributes, indexing rack and meshing tooth intermeshing, and be provided with on the chuck body and be used for carrying out the locating component that fixes to the indexing cassette.

By adopting the scheme, the chuck body is used for being connected with a chuck main shaft of a numerical control machine tool, the clamping cavity is used for placing a workpiece, the indexing clamping seat and the clamping seat are used for clamping the workpiece, and the indexing clamping seat can actively rotate to drive the workpiece to rotate, so that the processing surface of the workpiece can be conveniently adjusted; when the machining surface of a workpiece needs to be adjusted, firstly, indexing racks on two sides of the indexing clamping seat generate staggered movement, the indexing clamping seat is driven to rotate by the meshing teeth in the movement process of the indexing racks, and after the workpiece is rotated to a required angle, the positioning assembly clamps the indexing clamping seat to fix the workpiece, so that the workpiece is not easy to shake in the cutting machining process; and the indexing clamping seat can rotate at any angle by a driving mode through the gear rack, and compared with a common indexing chuck, the indexing clamping seat can be adjusted at more angles, so that the purpose of improving the applicability of the indexing chuck is achieved.

The invention is further provided with: the positioning assembly comprises at least two positioning cavities which are arranged on the chuck body and communicated with the clamping seat cavity provided with the indexing clamping seat, positioning clamping blocks which are telescopically arranged in the positioning cavities, and indexing surfaces which are arranged on a rotating shaft of the indexing clamping seat, wherein the rotating shaft of the indexing clamping seat is positioned between the two positioning clamping blocks, positioning inclined planes which are matched with the indexing surfaces are arranged on the positioning clamping blocks, at least three indexing surfaces are arranged, and the indexing surfaces are distributed around the rotating shaft of the indexing clamping seat.

Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, in the in-service use process, in order to guarantee angle location's accuracy, the graduation cassette needs to be changed according to the machined surface quantity of treating the processing part, the machined surface of work piece has several, will set up several graduation surface on the rotation axis of graduation cassette, distribute around the rotation axis of graduation cassette according to the graduation surface, and the location inclined plane on the location fixture block cooperatees with the graduation surface can know, the location fixture block must be intercrossing with the rotation axis of graduation cassette, so when location fixture block and graduation surface were inconsistent, just can play limiting displacement to the rotation of rotation axis, thereby reach the purpose of fixed work piece processing angle.

The invention is further provided with: the indexing rack is driven by the driving part, the driving part can be a hydraulic oil cylinder, the two ends of the indexing rack are connected with the driving part, and the indexing racks on the two sides of the rotary shaft of the indexing clamping seat always perform synchronous reverse motion.

By adopting the scheme, for the indexing rack, no matter the indexing rack is an oil cylinder, an air cylinder or other power sources, the indexing rack can be driven to do reciprocating motion, the hydraulic oil cylinder is selected, because the indexing chuck is driven by hydraulic oil, only one oil way needs to be separated for the oil cylinder, the oil cylinder is sensitive in response, the output power is large, and the rotation angle of a workpiece can be accurately controlled; and the both sides at the graduation cassette all set up the graduation rack then in order to make graduation cassette atress even, reduce the atress of single graduation rack simultaneously, reduce the fatigue deformation of graduation cassette rotation axis and graduation rack to make the graduation cassette can have the precision retentivity of a longer time.

The invention is further provided with: the chuck comprises a chuck body and is characterized in that a stroke limiting assembly used for limiting the movement stroke of a graduated rack is further arranged on the chuck body, the stroke limiting assembly comprises a stroke limiting cavity arranged on the chuck body and communicated with the graduated cavity, a stroke limiting piston rod telescopically mounted in the stroke limiting cavity, and a stroke limiting groove arranged on the graduated rack, one end of the stroke limiting piston rod is embedded in the stroke limiting groove, a reset oil cavity is formed between the side wall of the stroke limiting piston rod and the inner wall of the stroke limiting cavity, a thrust groove is formed in the end, far away from the graduated rack, of the stroke limiting piston rod, an elastic pushing piece is embedded in the thrust groove, a stroke limiting cover used for blocking the opening of the stroke limiting cavity is fixed on the chuck body, and the end, far away from the stroke limiting piston rod, of the elastic pushing piece abuts.

By adopting the scheme, the stroke-limiting piston rod is embedded in the stroke-limiting groove of the indexing rack, so that the indexing rack can only move within the length range of the stroke-limiting groove in the moving process, and the moving stroke of the indexing rack is related to the rotating angle of the indexing clamping seat, thereby realizing the purpose of controlling the rotating range of the indexing clamping seat.

The invention is further provided with: the indexing clamping seat comprises an indexing table, an indexing positioning insert sleeve and an anti-falling assembly, wherein the indexing positioning insert sleeve is sleeved on a rotating shaft of the indexing table and is positioned between the indexing table and the inner wall of the clamping cavity, the anti-falling assembly is arranged on one end, penetrating through the chuck body, of the rotating shaft of the indexing table, and the meshing teeth and the indexing surface are both positioned on the rotating shaft of the indexing table.

Through adopting above-mentioned scheme, the indexing table is as the application of force spare of centre gripping work piece, and the indexing location is inlayed the cover and is then used for providing the lubrication for the indexing table, reduces the rotational friction of indexing table for the rotation of indexing table is more smooth and easy, the regulation is more sensitive, thereby reaches the purpose that improves indexing table regulation efficiency.

The invention is further provided with: the indexing positioning bushing comprises an outer ring portion and an inner ring portion, wherein the outer ring portion is used for abutting against the inner wall of the clamping cavity, the inner ring portion is integrally arranged on the outer ring portion, the diameter of the inner ring portion is smaller than that of the outer ring portion, an embedding groove used for embedding the inner ring portion is formed in the indexing table, and a centripetal roller is embedded between the inner ring portion and the inner wall of the embedding groove.

By adopting the scheme, the outer ring part is used for abutting against the chuck body to support the indexing table; the inner ring part is used for sleeving and positioning the indexing table and preventing the indexing table from shaking possibly generated in the process of machining the workpiece; the centripetal roller is used for lubricating and positioning the contact between the indexing table and the indexing positioning bushing, so that the indexing table can rotate more smoothly.

The invention is further provided with: the anticreep subassembly is including seting up on the excircle lateral wall of chuck body and the bearing groove that is linked together with the cassette chamber that is equipped with the graduation cassette, the lubricated bearing that the cover was located the graduation platform and was located the bearing groove, seting up on the chuck body and the closing cap groove that is linked together with the bearing groove, through the bolt fastening in the rotation axis of graduation platform and conflict at the interior adjustment lid that circles of lubricated bearing, be fixed in on the chuck body and cover the fender ring end cover of adjustment lid, the undercut groove that the diameter is greater than lubricated bearing inner circle diameter and is less than lubricated bearing outer lane diameter is seted up to the bottom of bearing groove, the adjustment is covered an organic whole and is provided with the bulge loop, set up flutedly on the fender ring end cover, and the bulge loop is located the.

By adopting the scheme, the anti-falling component has two functions, namely, the anti-falling component limits the indexing table to prevent the indexing table from falling off from the chuck body, and positions the rotating shaft of the indexing table to limit the rotating shaft of the indexing table from deflecting in the rotating process, so that the purpose of better rotating the indexing table is achieved; an inward groove is formed in the bearing groove, so that the contact between the chuck body and the inner ring of the lubricating bearing can be isolated, and the lubricating bearing is not easy to wear with the chuck body; the blocking cover is used for pulling the indexing table and limiting the indexing table to move towards one side of the clamping cavity, so that the indexing table can be normally used.

The invention is further provided with: the clamping seat comprises a clamping positioning insert sleeve, a clamping piston sleeve tightly penetrating through the center of the clamping positioning insert sleeve, an end cover groove arranged on the outer side wall of the chuck body and communicated with a clamping seat cavity provided with the clamping positioning insert sleeve, and a clamping end cover fixed on the chuck body and located in the end cover groove, wherein a positioning ring is integrally arranged on the inner wall of the clamping seat cavity and one end of the clamping end cover is far away from the clamping end cover, a positioning groove is formed in the clamping positioning insert sleeve, the positioning groove of the clamping positioning insert sleeve is in splicing fit with the positioning ring, a sunken oil inlet groove is formed in the surface of one side, facing the clamping end cover, of the clamping piston sleeve, the oil inlet groove forms an oil inlet cavity between the clamping piston sleeve and the clamping end cover, an oil outlet groove is further formed in the side wall of the clamping piston sleeve and between the clamping positioning insert sleeve, and an oil outlet groove is integrally formed in the guide groove arranged in the clamping end cover and arranged on the surface of The guide post of (1).

By adopting the scheme, the clamping positioning bushing is used for installing the clamping piston sleeve; the clamping piston sleeve can be stretched and retracted, and the distance between the clamping piston sleeve and the indexing table can be changed in the stretching and retraction process of the clamping piston sleeve, so that the purpose of clamping a workpiece is achieved; the clamping end cover and the positioning ring lock the clamping positioning insert together to limit the clamping positioning insert to generate axial displacement in the clamping seat cavity; the guide post guides the clamping piston sleeve in the motion process of the clamping piston sleeve, so that the clamping piston sleeve can clamp the workpiece more stably; the movement of the clamping piston sleeve is substantially as follows: when hydraulic oil is poured into to the oil feed chamber, can lead to the oil feed chamber volume increase, the hydraulic oil that goes out the oil intracavity this moment receives pressure effect and can discharge, at this in-process, the clamp piston cover can be under the promotion of hydraulic oil towards graduation cassette one side motion, and then forms the centre gripping to the work piece.

The invention is further provided with: the clamping piston sleeve comprises a piston sleeve body, a rotating groove formed in the surface of the piston sleeve body facing the indexing table, and a rotating disc which is rotatably installed on the piston sleeve body and located in the rotating groove, wherein centripetal rollers are tightly embedded between the groove bottom and the inner side wall of the rotating groove and between the rotating disc and the inner side wall of the rotating groove.

By adopting the scheme, the piston sleeve main body is used for being matched with the clamping positioning insert sleeve, the rotating disc is used for clamping the workpiece, the centripetal roller between the rotating disc and the piston sleeve main body can provide lubrication for the rotating disc, the rotating disc can rotate along with the indexing clamping seat, and therefore the workpiece can be adjusted in the machining surface normally.

The invention is further provided with: still be provided with pressurize mechanism on the chuck body, pressurize mechanism including set up on the chuck body and with the pressurize chamber of oil feed chamber intercommunication, inlay the pressurize valve barrel of locating the pressurize intracavity, install in the pressurize case of pressurize valve barrel, install in the pressurize intracavity and with pressurize valve barrel looks articulated pressure release piston, be fixed in the chuck body on and be used for sealing pressurize chamber open-ended pressurize end cover, the direction of motion of pressurize case is mutually perpendicular with the oil circuit direction of oil feed chamber, set up the logical oilhole that runs through on the lateral wall of pressurize case, and the oil circuit of logical oilhole and oil feed chamber is staggered mutually.

When the equipment is in sudden power failure, the clamping seat loses power from a hydraulic system, a workpiece is clamped loosely and easily falls off from a hydraulic chuck, and by adopting the scheme, when the hydraulic system is in power failure, because the oil through hole in the pressure maintaining valve core and the oil way of the oil inlet cavity are staggered, the oil way of the oil inlet cavity is actually blocked, so that hydraulic oil in the oil inlet cavity cannot be discharged, and the piston sleeve main body of the clamping seat is always in an extending state, so that the workpiece is always in a clamped state; only when the pressure-maintaining valve core is connected with electricity, the pressure-maintaining piston is controlled by a hydraulic system to act, the pressure-maintaining piston drives the oil through hole in the pressure-maintaining valve core to be aligned with the oil way of the oil outlet cavity, hydraulic oil can be discharged from the oil inlet cavity, the clamping piston sleeve is loosened, and therefore the negative influence of power failure on the machining precision of workpieces is reduced.

In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the indexing mechanism which adopts the gear rack system to transmit can realize finer adjustment and has more and larger angle adjusting ranges, so that the hydraulic chuck can position more angles, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the applicability of the hydraulic chuck;

2. the positioning clamping block can be attached to an indexing surface on a rotating shaft of the indexing clamping seat after the indexing clamping seat rotates to a required angle, so that the rotation of the indexing clamping seat is limited, and the positioning of a workpiece processing surface is realized;

3. the distance limiting component can limit the movement stroke of the indexing rack, so that the indexing clamping seat can only rotate within a limited range, and the purpose of controlling the angle range of the machined surface of the workpiece is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

3 FIG. 32 3 is 3 a 3 cross 3- 3 sectional 3 view 3 taken 3 at 3 A 3- 3 A 3 of 3 FIG. 31 3; 3

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention (corresponding to a mirror image of FIG. 1);

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view at B-B of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view at C-C in fig. 3.

In the figure: 1. a chuck body; 2. a clamping cavity; 21. a positioning ring; 3. a cartridge cavity; 4. indexing the cassette; 41. an indexing table; 411. a fitting groove; 42. indexing positioning bushing; 421. an outer ring portion; 422. an inner ring portion; 43. an anti-drop component; 431. a bearing groove; 432. lubricating the bearing; 433. a capping groove; 434. adjusting the cover; 4341. a convex ring; 435. a baffle ring end cover; 4351. a groove; 436. an invagination groove; 5. clamping the clamping seat; 51. clamping and positioning the bushing; 52. clamping the piston sleeve; 521. a piston sleeve body; 5211. a guide post; 5212. an oil inlet groove; 522. a rotating groove; 523. rotating the disc; 524. an oil outlet cavity; 53. an end cover groove; 54. clamping the end cover; 541. an oil inlet cavity; 542. a guide groove; 6. an indexing mechanism; 61. an indexing chamber; 62. an indexing rack; 63. meshing teeth; 64. a drive member; 7. a centripetal roller; 8. a positioning assembly; 81. a positioning cavity; 82. positioning a fixture block; 821. an oiling space; 822. positioning the inclined plane; 83. a dividing surface; 9. a range limiting component; 91. a range limiting cavity; 92. a stroke-limiting piston rod; 921. the oil cavity is reset; 922. a thrust groove; 93. a stroke limiting groove; 94. an elastic pusher; 95. a stroke limiting cover; 10. a pressure maintaining mechanism; 101. a pressure maintaining cavity; 102. a pressure maintaining valve sleeve; 103. a pressure maintaining valve core; 104. a pressure relief piston; 105. pressure maintaining end covers; 11. an oil through hole; 12. an oil way block.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a non-uniform hydraulic indexing chuck comprises a chuck body 1, a clamping cavity 2, a clamping seat cavity 3, an indexing clamping seat 4, a clamping seat 5 and an indexing mechanism 6, wherein the chuck body 1 is similar to a common hydraulic chuck in shape and is cylindrical; the clamping cavity 2 is arranged on one end face of the chuck body 1; the two clamping seat cavities 3 are arranged on the circumferential side wall of the chuck body 1 and communicated with the clamping cavity 2, the two clamping seat cavities 3 are symmetrical about the center of the chuck body 1, and the positioning rings 21 distributed in a surrounding mode are integrally arranged on the inner wall, close to one side of the clamping cavity 2, of one of the clamping seat cavities 3.

The indexing clamping seat 4 and the clamping seat 5 are respectively rotatably installed in the two clamping seat cavities 3, when the workpiece machining device works, a workpiece is firstly placed into the clamping cavity 2, the workpiece is positioned between the indexing clamping seat 4 and the clamping seat 5, then the hydraulic system is started, the clamping seat 5 is close to the indexing clamping seat 4, the workpiece is clamped, and then the indexing clamping seat 4 is controlled by the indexing mechanism 6 to rotate, so that the workpiece is adjusted to a required machining angle.

Firstly, the indexing cassette 4 is introduced, and comprises an indexing table 41, an indexing positioning insert 42 and an anti-falling assembly 43, wherein the indexing table 41 is arranged in the cassette cavity 3 opposite to the positioning ring 21 in a penetrating manner; the indexing positioning insert 42 comprises an outer ring part 421 and an inner ring part 422, the inner ring part 422 is integrally arranged on the surface of one side of the outer ring part 421, and the inner ring part 422 is concentric with the outer ring part 421; the surface of the side of the index table 41 connected with the rotation axis thereof is provided with a fitting groove 411 distributed around the rotation axis thereof, the inner ring portion 422 is fitted in the fitting groove 411, and a plurality of sets of centripetal rollers 7 are filled between the inner ring portion 422 and the index table 41, and the centripetal rollers 7 are used for lubricating the index table 41 and positioning the index table 41.

The anti-falling assembly 43 comprises a bearing groove 431, a lubricating bearing 432, a sealing cover groove 433, an adjusting cover 434 and a retaining ring end cover 435, wherein the diameter of the bearing groove 431 is larger than that of the clamping seat cavity 3, the bearing groove is arranged on the excircle side wall of the chuck body 1 and is concentric with the clamping seat cavity 3 provided with the dividing table 41; an invagination groove 436 communicated with the clamping seat cavity 3 is further formed in the bottom of the bearing groove 431 on the chuck body 1, and the diameter of the invagination groove 436 is larger than that of the inner ring of the lubricating bearing 432 and smaller than that of the outer ring of the lubricating bearing 432; the lubricating bearing 432 is tightly fitted in the bearing groove 431 and is fitted to the rotary shaft of the index table 41, thereby positioning and lubricating the index table 41.

The diameter of the cover groove 433 is larger than that of the bearing groove 431, and the cover groove is arranged on the outer circle side wall of the chuck body 1 and is concentric with the bearing groove 431; the diameter of the adjusting cover 434 is smaller than that of the cover groove 433, the adjusting cover 434 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the index table 41 through bolts and is positioned in the cover groove 433, and a circle of convex ring 4341 is integrally formed on the side wall of the adjusting cover 434 close to one end of the rotating shaft of the index table 41; the retainer ring end cover 435 is annular and is fixed on the chuck body 1 and positioned in the seal cover groove 433; a groove 4351 communicated with the hole at the center is formed on the surface of the baffle ring end cover 435 facing the adjusting cover 434, when the baffle ring end cover 435 is mounted on the chuck body 1, the adjusting cover 434 is inserted into the hole of the baffle ring end cover 435, and the convex ring 4341 is accommodated in the groove 4351.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the indexing mechanism 6 includes two indexing cavities 61, two indexing racks 62, two meshing teeth 63, and a driving member 64, the two indexing cavities 61 are provided on the chuck body 1, and are vertically communicated with the cassette cavity 3 provided with the indexing table 41, and the two indexing cavities 61 are respectively located at two sides of the rotation axis of the indexing table 41; two drive members 64 are mounted in each indexing chamber 61, the drive members 64 being hydraulic cylinders so that the drive members 64 can be driven directly from the hydraulic chuck by a single oil path.

The indexing rack 62 is installed in the indexing cavity 61, two ends of the indexing rack 62 are respectively fixed with output shafts of the two driving pieces 64, and the indexing racks 62 on two sides of the indexing table 41 always make reverse phase staggered motion; the meshing teeth 63 are formed on the side wall of the rotary shaft of the index table 41, the meshing teeth 63 are distributed around the rotary shaft of the index table 41, and the index racks 62 on both sides of the rotary shaft of the index table 41 are meshed with the meshing teeth 63 at the same time.

As shown in fig. 5, the chuck body 1 is further provided with a positioning assembly 8 for fixing the index table 41, the positioning assembly 8 includes two positioning cavities 81, two positioning blocks 82 and two index surfaces 83, and the two positioning cavities 81 are provided on the chuck body 1 and located at two sides of the rotation axis of the index table 41; one end of the positioning cavity 81 is communicated with the outside of the chuck body 1, and the other end is communicated with the clamping seat cavity 3 provided with the dividing table 41; the positioning fixture block 82 is hermetically embedded in the positioning cavity 81, an oil injection space 821 is formed between the positioning fixture block 82 and the inner wall of the positioning cavity 81 at the moment, and an oil way on the chuck body 1 is communicated with the oil injection space 821; one sides of the two positioning fixture blocks 82, which are close to one end of the indexing table 41 and face each other, are provided with positioning inclined surfaces 822, after the positioning fixture blocks 82 are installed, an oil path block 12 is installed at one end, communicated with the outside, of the positioning cavity 81 to seal the positioning cavity 81, and an oil path is arranged in the oil path block 12, so that when hydraulic oil is injected into the oil path block 12, the positioning fixture blocks 82 can be pushed towards one side of a rotating shaft of the indexing table 41.

The index surface 83 is provided in three or more numbers, and is opened on the rotation axis of the index table 41, and the plurality of index surfaces 83 are distributed around the rotation axis of the index table 41. During positioning, the positioning fixture block 82 is pushed by hydraulic oil to approach the rotating shaft of the indexing table 41, and the positioning inclined surface 822 is attached to the indexing surface 83, at this time, the rotating shaft of the indexing table 41 is limited by the positioning fixture blocks 82 on two sides, and cannot rotate, so that the purpose of fixing the angle of the indexing table 41 is achieved.

As shown in fig. 4, a stroke limiting assembly 9 for limiting the movement stroke of the index rack 62 is further arranged on the chuck body 1, the stroke limiting assembly 9 comprises a stroke limiting cavity 91, a stroke limiting piston rod 92 and a stroke limiting groove 93, and the stroke limiting cavity 91 is arranged on the chuck body 1 and is vertically communicated with the index cavity 61; the stroke limiting piston rod 92 is tightly installed in the stroke limiting cavity 91 and performs piston motion along the depth direction of the stroke limiting cavity 91; a reset oil cavity 921 is formed between the side wall of the stroke limit piston rod 92 and the inner wall of the stroke limit cavity 91, the reset oil cavity 921 is communicated with a hydraulic oil path on the chuck body 1, a thrust groove 922 is further formed in one end, far away from the indexing rack 62, of the stroke limit piston rod 92, an elastic pushing piece 94 is embedded in the thrust groove 922, the elastic pushing piece 94 is a spring, a stroke limit cover 95 used for blocking the opening of the stroke limit cavity 91 is fixed on the chuck body 1, and the reset oil cavity 921 is located between the elastic pushing piece 94 and the indexing rack 62.

The distance limiting groove 93 is arranged on the surface of the indexing rack 62, the length direction of the distance limiting groove is parallel to the moving direction of the indexing rack 62, and the distance limiting piston rod 92 is embedded in the distance limiting groove 93 under the action of the elastic pushing piece 94, so that the length value of the distance limiting groove 93 is the maximum moving distance of the indexing rack 62 in the moving process.

As shown in fig. 2, the clamping cassette 5 includes a clamping positioning insert 51, a clamping piston 52, an end cover groove 53, and a clamping end cover 54, wherein an annular positioning groove is formed at one end of the clamping positioning insert 51, and when the clamping positioning insert is installed in the empty cassette cavity 3, the positioning groove and the positioning ring 21 form a plug-in fit, so as to limit the clamping positioning insert 51 from falling into the clamping cavity 2.

The clamping piston sleeve 52 comprises a piston sleeve main body 521, a rotating groove 522 and a rotating disc 523, the piston sleeve main body 521 is embedded in the center of the clamping positioning insert sleeve 51 in a sealing manner, an oil outlet cavity 524 is formed between the piston sleeve main body 521 and the clamping positioning insert sleeve 51, and an oil path is divided from the chuck body 1 and communicated with the oil outlet cavity 524; a guide post 5211 is integrally arranged at the center of the surface of the piston sleeve body 521, which is opposite to the side surface of the indexing table 41, and an oil inlet groove 5212 surrounding the outer side of the guide post 5211 is also formed in the piston sleeve body 521; a rotation groove 522 is opened on the surface of the piston sleeve body 521 on the side facing the index table 41; the rotating disk 523 is rotatably installed in the rotating groove 522, and a plurality of sets of radial rollers 7 are tightly embedded between the inner wall of the rotating groove 522 and the side wall of the rotating disk 523.

The end cover groove 53 is arranged on the chuck body 1 and is communicated with the clamping seat cavity 3 provided with the clamping and positioning bushing 51; the clamping end cover 54 is fixed on the chuck body 1 and is positioned in the end cover groove 53, an oil inlet cavity 541 is formed between the clamping end cover 54 and the clamping piston sleeve 52 at the position of the oil inlet groove 5212, the chuck body 1 is also divided into an oil passage to be communicated with the oil inlet cavity 541, and the guide column 5211 is embedded in a guide groove 542 on the clamping end cover 54; after the indexing clamping seat 4 and the clamping seat 5 are assembled, a clamping opening is formed between the indexing clamping seat and the clamping seat in the clamping cavity 2.

The chuck body 1 is also provided with a pressure maintaining mechanism 10, the pressure maintaining mechanism 10 comprises a pressure maintaining cavity 101, a pressure maintaining valve sleeve 102, a pressure maintaining valve core 103, a pressure relief piston 104 and a pressure maintaining end cover 105, the pressure maintaining cavity 101 is arranged on the chuck body 1, and the depth direction of the pressure maintaining cavity 101 is vertically communicated with the oil path direction of the oil inlet cavity 541; the pressure maintaining valve sleeve 102 is embedded in the pressure maintaining cavity 101 in a sealing manner; the pressure maintaining valve core 103 is embedded in the pressure maintaining valve sleeve 102 in a sealing manner, and forms a piston motion relationship with the pressure maintaining valve sleeve 102; the pressure maintaining valve core 103 is provided with a through oil hole 11, and the oil hole 11 and the oil path of the oil inlet cavity 541 are staggered, so that the hydraulic oil in the oil inlet cavity 541 is not easy to discharge under the condition of power failure, and the clamping base 5 can always apply clamping force to the workpiece.

The pressure relief piston 104 is hermetically embedded in the pressure maintaining valve sleeve 102 and forms a piston motion relationship with the pressure maintaining valve sleeve 102; the mutual hinged relation is formed between the pressure relief piston 104 and the pressure maintaining valve core 103, so that when the pressure relief piston 104 is pushed by hydraulic oil, the pressure maintaining valve core 103 can be driven to move together, the oil through hole 11 can be communicated with an oil path of the oil inlet cavity 541, the hydraulic oil in the oil inlet cavity 541 can be discharged, and the workpiece can be taken down after being processed.

The pressure maintaining end cap 105 is fixed on the chuck body 1, and closes the opening of the pressure maintaining cavity 101, so that the pressure relief piston 104 is not easy to fall off from the chuck body 1 in the moving process.

The specific implementation process comprises the following steps: when the machining surface of a workpiece needs to be adjusted, firstly, the indexing racks 62 on the two sides of the indexing table 41 generate staggered movement, the indexing clamping seat 4 is driven to rotate by the meshing teeth 63 in the movement process of the indexing racks 62, and after the workpiece is rotated to a required angle, the positioning clamping block 82 clamps the indexing table 41 to fix the workpiece, so that the workpiece is not easy to shake in the cutting machining process; and the indexing clamping seat 4 can rotate at any angle by a driving mode of a gear rack, and compared with a common indexing chuck, the indexing clamping seat can be adjusted at more angles, so that the purpose of improving the applicability of the indexing chuck is achieved.

The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a non-halving hydraulic pressure index chuck, includes chuck body (1), set up clamping chamber (2) on chuck body (1), two at least symmetries set up on the circumference lateral wall of chuck body (1) and with clamping chamber (2) the card seat chamber (3) of intercommunication, rotate respectively connect in two card seat chambers (3) and each other form index card seat (4) and the tight cassette (5) of clamp of centre gripping mouth, its characterized in that: the chuck is characterized by further comprising an indexing mechanism (6) for driving the indexing clamping seat (4) to rotate, wherein the indexing mechanism (6) comprises indexing cavities (61) which are formed in the chuck body (1) and are respectively located on two sides of the indexing clamping seat (4), indexing racks (62) which penetrate through the indexing cavities (61) and move along the depth direction of the indexing cavities (61), and meshing teeth (63) which are formed on a rotating shaft of the indexing clamping seat (4) and distributed around the rotating shaft, the indexing racks (62) are meshed with the meshing teeth (63), and a positioning assembly (8) for fixing the indexing clamping seat (4) is arranged on the chuck body (1);

the chuck is characterized in that the chuck body (1) is further provided with a range limiting assembly (9) for limiting the movement stroke of the indexing rack (62), the range limiting assembly (9) comprises a range limiting cavity (91) which is arranged on the chuck body (1) and communicated with the indexing cavity (61), a range limiting piston rod (92) which is telescopically arranged in the range limiting cavity (91), and a range limiting groove (93) which is arranged on the indexing rack (62), one end of the range limiting piston rod (92) is embedded in the range limiting groove (93), a reset oil cavity (921) is formed between the side wall of the range limiting piston rod (92) and the inner wall of the range limiting cavity (91), one end of the range limiting piston rod (92) far away from the indexing rack (62) is provided with a thrust groove (922), an elastic pushing piece (94) is embedded in the thrust groove (922), a range limiting cover (95) for blocking the opening of the range limiting cavity (91) is fixed on the chuck body (1), and one end of the elastic pushing piece (94) far away from the stroke-limiting piston rod (92) is tightly propped against the stroke-limiting cover (95).

2. The non-equally dividing hydraulic indexing chuck as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the positioning assembly (8) comprises at least two positioning cavities (81) which are arranged on the chuck body (1) and communicated with the chuck cavity (3) provided with the indexing chuck seat (4), positioning fixture blocks (82) which are telescopically arranged in the positioning cavities (81), and indexing surfaces (83) which are arranged on a rotating shaft of the indexing chuck seat (4), wherein the rotating shaft of the indexing chuck seat (4) is positioned between the two positioning fixture blocks (82), positioning inclined surfaces (822) matched with the indexing surfaces (83) are arranged on the positioning fixture blocks (82), the indexing surfaces (83) are at least three, and the rotating shafts between the indexing surfaces (83) are distributed around the indexing chuck seat (4).

3. The non-equally dividing hydraulic indexing chuck as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the indexing rack (62) is driven by a driving piece (64), the driving piece (64) is a hydraulic oil cylinder, the two ends of the indexing rack (62) are connected with the driving piece (64), and the indexing racks (62) positioned on the two sides of the rotating shaft of the indexing clamping seat (4) always perform synchronous reverse motion.

4. The non-equally dividing hydraulic indexing chuck as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the indexing clamping seat (4) comprises an indexing table (41), an indexing positioning insert sleeve (42) which is sleeved on a rotating shaft of the indexing table (41) and is positioned between the indexing table (41) and the inner wall of the clamping cavity (2), and an anti-falling component (43) which is arranged at one end, penetrating through the chuck body (1), of the rotating shaft of the indexing table (41), wherein the meshing teeth (63) and the indexing surfaces (83) are both positioned on the rotating shaft of the indexing table (41).

5. The non-equally dividing hydraulic indexing chuck according to claim 4, wherein: the indexing positioning bushing (42) comprises an outer ring portion (421) which is used for being abutted to the inner wall of the clamping cavity (2) and an inner ring portion (422) which is integrally arranged on the outer ring portion (421) and has a diameter smaller than that of the outer ring portion (421), an embedding groove (411) for embedding the inner ring portion (422) is formed in the indexing table (41), and a centripetal roller (7) is embedded between the inner wall of the inner ring portion (422) and the inner wall of the embedding groove (411).

6. The non-equally dividing hydraulic indexing chuck according to claim 4, wherein: the anti-falling assembly (43) comprises a bearing groove (431) which is arranged on the outer circle side wall of the chuck body (1) and communicated with a chuck seat cavity (3) provided with an indexing chuck seat (4), a lubricating bearing (432) which is sleeved on the indexing table (41) and is positioned in the bearing groove (431), a sealing cover groove (433) which is arranged on the chuck body (1) and communicated with the bearing groove (431), an adjusting cover (434) which is fixed on a rotating shaft of the indexing table (41) through bolts and is abutted against the inner ring of the lubricating bearing (432), and a retaining ring end cover (435) which is fixed on the chuck body (1) and covers the adjusting cover (434), wherein the bottom of the bearing groove (431) is provided with an inner concave groove (436) the diameter of which is greater than the diameter of the inner ring of the lubricating bearing (432) and smaller than the diameter of the outer ring of the lubricating bearing (432), the adjusting cover (434) is integrally provided with a convex ring (4341), the retaining ring end cover (435) is, and the male ring (4341) is located in the groove (4351).

7. The non-equally dividing hydraulic indexing chuck as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the clamping seat (5) comprises a clamping positioning insert sleeve (51), a clamping piston sleeve (52) tightly penetrating through the center of the clamping positioning insert sleeve (51), an end cover groove (53) arranged on the outer side wall of the chuck body (1) and communicated with a clamping seat cavity (3) provided with the clamping positioning insert sleeve (51), and a clamping end cover (54) fixed on the chuck body (1) and positioned in the end cover groove (53), wherein a positioning ring (21) is integrally arranged at one end, far away from the clamping end cover (54), of the inner wall of the clamping seat cavity (3), a positioning groove is formed in the clamping positioning insert sleeve (51), the positioning groove of the clamping positioning insert sleeve (51) and the positioning ring (21) form a splicing fit, a concave oil inlet groove (5212) is formed in the surface of one side, facing the clamping end cover (54), of the clamping piston sleeve (52), and an oil inlet cavity (541) is formed between the clamping piston sleeve (52) and the clamping end cover (54), an oil outlet groove is further formed in the side wall of the clamping piston sleeve (52), an oil outlet cavity (524) is formed between the clamping piston sleeve (52) and the clamping positioning embedding sleeve (51) through the oil outlet groove, and a guide column (5211) embedded in a guide groove (542) of the clamping end cover (54) is integrally arranged on the surface of one side, facing the clamping positioning embedding sleeve (51), of the clamping piston sleeve (52).

8. The non-equally dividing hydraulic indexing chuck according to claim 7, wherein: the clamping piston sleeve (52) comprises a piston sleeve main body (521), a rotating groove (522) formed in the surface of one side, facing the indexing table (41), of the piston sleeve main body (521), and a rotating disk (523) rotatably installed on the piston sleeve main body (521) and located in the rotating groove (522), wherein centripetal rollers (7) are respectively and tightly embedded between the bottom of the rotating groove (522), the inner side wall of the rotating groove and the rotating disk (523).

9. The non-equally dividing hydraulic indexing chuck according to claim 7, wherein: still be provided with pressurize mechanism (10) on chuck body (1), pressurize mechanism (10) including set up on chuck body (1) and with pressure chamber (541) intercommunication pressurize chamber (101), inlay pressurize valve barrel (102) of locating in pressure chamber (101), install pressurize case (103) in pressurize valve barrel (102), install in pressure chamber (101) and with pressurize case (103) articulated pressure release piston (104) mutually, be fixed in chuck body (1) on and be used for sealing pressurize chamber (101) open-ended pressurize end cover (105), the direction of motion of pressurize case (103) is perpendicular with the oil circuit direction of oil chamber (541), set up oil hole (11) that run through on the lateral wall of pressurize case (103), and oil circuit that oil hole (11) and oil chamber (541) are led to the mistake and is opened.