CN109921571B - Motor and car for restraining motor electromagnetic noise and improving NVH - Google Patents
Motor and car for restraining motor electromagnetic noise and improving NVH Download PDFInfo
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- CN109921571B CN109921571B CN201910095608.XA CN201910095608A CN109921571B CN 109921571 B CN109921571 B CN 109921571B CN 201910095608 A CN201910095608 A CN 201910095608A CN 109921571 B CN109921571 B CN 109921571B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a motor and an automobile for inhibiting electromagnetic noise of the motor and improving NVH (noise, vibration and harshness), and relates to the field of motor research, the motor and the automobile comprise a rotor punching sheet, an even number of magnetic steel groups are arranged on the rotor punching sheet, each magnetic steel group is arranged at intervals of N poles and S poles, a first notch and a second notch are arranged on the outer edge of the rotor punching sheet corresponding to each magnetic steel group, the first notch and the second notch are distributed on two sides of the central line of the magnetic steel group, the included angle between the central line of the first notch and the central line of the corresponding magnetic steel group is α, the included angle between the central line of the second notch and the central line of the corresponding magnetic steel group is β < β, an asymmetric notch is formed on the rotor punching sheet, an irregular air gap is formed between the rotor and the stator, the radial electromagnetic force.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of motor research, in particular to a motor for inhibiting electromagnetic noise of the motor and improving NVH (noise, vibration and harshness), and also relates to an automobile using the motor.
Background
For the permanent magnet synchronous motor for driving, magnetic steel is embedded in a motor rotor to generate a rotor magnetic field. The rotor magnetic field of the motor can generate radial electromagnetic tension on a stator punching sheet (made of silicon steel sheets), the electromagnetic tension is influenced by slotting of the stator punching sheet to generate electric tension fluctuation, and finally electromagnetic noise is generated and is radiated to the outside of the motor through the stator punching sheet. The traditional method for improving the electromagnetic noise of the motor is as follows: stator skewed slots or rotor skewed poles, which increases process difficulty, is time consuming, labor intensive, and has limited effectiveness.
Because the stator of the driving motor is provided with the tooth grooves, the radial electromagnetic force applied to the stator can have periodic fluctuation caused by the tooth grooves. If the stator is provided with 48 slots, the period of the fluctuation is 48 times of the basic speed frequency, namely 48-order frequency. The presence of this 48 order frequency causes the motor to generate its own inherent 48, 96, 24 order noise. Therefore, the radial electromagnetic force fluctuation at the 48 th order frequency of the motor is suppressed, and the electromagnetic noise of the motor can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a motor for restraining electromagnetic noise of the motor and improving NVH (noise, vibration and harshness), which can reduce radial electromagnetic force borne by a stator and restrain the fluctuation of the radial electromagnetic force by arranging an asymmetric notch on a rotor punching sheet so as to achieve the purpose of restraining the electromagnetic noise of the motor.
The automobile is further provided, and the motor is applied, so that vehicle vibration can be reduced, noise can be reduced, and riding comfort can be improved.
The invention solves the technical problem that the motor for restraining the electromagnetic noise of the motor and improving the NVH comprises a rotor punching sheet, wherein an even number of magnetic steel groups are arranged on the rotor punching sheet, each magnetic steel group is arranged at intervals of N poles and S poles, a first notch and a second notch are arranged on the outer edge of the rotor punching sheet corresponding to each magnetic steel group, the first notch and the second notch are distributed on two sides of the center line of the magnetic steel group, the included angle between the center line of the first notch and the center line of the corresponding magnetic steel group is α, and the included angle between the center line of the second notch and the center line of the corresponding magnetic steel group is β < β.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a group of S-pole magnetic steel groups and a group of N-pole magnetic steel groups form a period, in the period, the angles of the first notch and the second notch in the S-pole magnetic steel groups are α 1 and β 1 respectively, and the angles of the first notch and the second notch in the N-pole magnetic steel groups are α 2 and β 2 respectively, 5 degrees < α 1<8 degrees, 8 degrees < β 1<12 degrees, 4 degrees < α 2<10 degrees, and 8 degrees < β 2<12 degrees.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, the stator punching sheet further includes stator teeth disposed on the stator punching sheet, a chord length of each slot on the rotor punching sheet is L, a width of each stator tooth is T, and a width of each stator slot on the stator punching sheet is k, where L is T ± k.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a group of S-pole magnetic steel groups and a group of N-pole magnetic steel groups form a cycle, and in the cycle, the chord lengths of the first notch and the second notch in the S-pole magnetic steel group are L1 and L2, respectively; in the N-pole magnetic steel group, the chord lengths of the first notch and the second notch are respectively L3 and L4; 5.5mm < L1<6.4 mm; 5mm < L2<6.4 mm; 5mm < L3<6.1 mm; 4.5mm < L4<6 mm.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the radius of the first notch is larger than that of the second notch, and the depth of the first notch is smaller than that of the second notch.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, a group of S-pole magnetic steel groups and a group of N-pole magnetic steel groups form a cycle, and in the cycle, the radii of the first notch and the second notch in the S-pole magnetic steel groups are R1 and R2, respectively; in the N-pole magnetic steel group, the radiuses of the first notch and the second notch are R3 and R4 respectively; r1< R3, R2< R4.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, 3.5mm < R1<4.5 mm; 3mm < R2<3.6 mm; 4mm < R3<6 mm; 3.5mm < R4<4.2 mm.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution, in one period, in the S-pole magnetic steel set, the depths of the first notch and the second notch are D1 and D2, respectively; in the N-pole magnetic steel group, the depths of the first notch and the second notch are respectively D3 and D4; the values of D1 and D2 were both greater than the D4 value of D3.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, in the same magnetic steel group, the distribution direction of the second notch and the first notch along the outer edge of the rotor punching sheet is the same as the rotation direction of the rotor punching sheet.
An automobile comprises the motor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention reduces the radial electromagnetic force borne by the stator and inhibits the fluctuation of the radial electromagnetic force by forming the irregular air gap between the rotor and the stator by arranging the asymmetrical notches on the rotor punching sheet so as to achieve the aim of inhibiting the electromagnetic noise of the motor.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a first schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention during a cycle;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention during one cycle;
FIG. 4 is a graph of total sound pressure level and torque versus electromagnetic noise.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a motor for suppressing electromagnetic noise of the motor and improving NVH includes a rotor punching sheet 1, where the rotor punching sheet 1 is provided with an even number of magnetic steel groups 22, each of the magnetic steel groups 22 is arranged at an interval of N-pole and S-pole, the outer edge of the rotor punching sheet 1 corresponding to each magnetic steel group 22 is provided with a first notch 14 and a second notch 15, the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 are distributed at two sides of a central line 13 of the magnetic steel group, an included angle between a central line 11 of the first notch and the central line 13 of the corresponding magnetic steel group is α, an included angle between a central line 12 of the second notch and the central line 13 of the corresponding magnetic steel group is β < β.
In the same magnetic steel group 22, the distribution direction of the second notches 15 and the first notches 14 along the outer edge of the rotor sheet 1 is the same as the rotation direction of the rotor sheet 1. I.e. in the direction of rotation of the rotor plate 1, the second notch 15 is located behind the first notch 14. Specifically, the rotation of the rotor sheet 1 is arranged in the counterclockwise direction, that is, the arrangement direction of the second notches 15 and the first notches 14 is arranged in the counterclockwise direction.
The number of the magnetic steels in the magnetic steel group 22 can be 1, 2 or more than 3. When the number of the magnetic steels in the magnetic steel group 22 is 2, one magnetic steel corresponds to one notch.
In one period, in the S-pole magnetic steel set 20, the angles of the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 are α 1 and β 1, respectively, and in the N-pole magnetic steel set, the angles of the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 are α 2 and β 2, respectively, 5 ° < α 1<8 °, 8 ° < β 1<12 °, 4 ° < α 2<10 °, 8 ° < β 2<12 °.
The electromagnetic pulling force at the second notch 15 is larger than the electromagnetic pulling force at the first notch 14, and in order to suppress fluctuations in the radial electromagnetic force, the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 are set to: the radius of the first notch 14 is larger than that of the second notch 15, and the depth of the first notch 14 is smaller than that of the second notch. The radius mentioned above refers to the radius of a circle or the minor axis of an ellipse, i.e. the part of the notch that is in the shape of a circle may also be part of an ellipse. The depth of a notch refers to the perpendicular distance from the midpoint of the notch arc to the chord of the notch.
In order to optimize the air gap between the rotor and the stator, the stator punching sheet further comprises stator teeth 4 arranged on the stator punching sheet 3, the chord length of each notch on the rotor punching sheet 1 is L, the width of each stator tooth 4 is T, the width of each stator notch 5 of the stator punching sheet 3 is k, and L is T +/-k. The chord of the notch refers to a connecting line of two points intersected with the rotor punching sheet in the notch, and the connecting line is a straight line. The chord length of the notch refers to the length of a straight line of two points intersected with the rotor punching sheet in the notch.
As shown in fig. 3, the radii of the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 are different because the electromagnetic pulling forces at the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 of the S-pole magnetic steel group 20 and the N-stage magnetic steel group 21 are different. The group of S-pole magnetic steel groups 20 and the group of N-pole magnetic steel groups 21 form a period, and in the period, the radiuses of the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 in the S-pole magnetic steel groups 20 are R1 and R2 respectively; in the N-pole magnetic steel group 21, the radiuses of the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 are R3 and R4 respectively; r1< R3, R2< R4. Preferably, the slot radius ranges from 3.5mm < R1<4.5 mm; 3mm < R2<3.6 mm; 4mm < R3<6 mm; 3.5mm < R4<4.2 mm.
Because the electromagnetic tension force at the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 of the S-pole magnetic steel group 20 and the N-stage magnetic steel group 21 is different, the depths of the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 are different. In one period, in the S-pole magnetic steel group 20, the depths of the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 are D1 and D2, respectively; in the N-pole magnetic steel group, the depths of the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 are D3 and D4 respectively; the values of D1 and D2 were both greater than the D4 value of D3.
In one period, since the reluctance torque at the second notch 15 in the S-pole magnetic steel group 20 is greater than that at other places, in order to solve this problem, the depth of the second notch 15 in the S-pole magnetic steel group 20 is greater than that of the other notches, so the value of D2 is the largest.
In one period, in the S-pole magnetic steel group 20, the chord lengths of the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 are L1 and L2 respectively; in the N-pole magnetic steel group 21, the chord lengths of the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 are respectively L3 and L4; 5.5mm < L1<6.4 mm; 5mm < L2<6.4 mm; 5mm < L3<6.1 mm; 4.5mm < L4<6 mm.
The following is exemplified by a 48-step motor:
the slot dimensions and the design of the electromagnetic force are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 some notch size schemes with better results
As can be seen from the dimensional calculations described in table 1, the ratio of the chord length of the slot to the slot depth is greater than 1.1: 1, the first notch 14 and the second notch 15 are open in a shallow-bottomed open shape.
A prototype was made according to scheme 4, with the following results:
1. through the actual measurement of a prototype, the design of a slotted motor is higher than that of a non-slotted motor, the slotted motor reduces the electromagnetic tension at the position of a slot opening through the slot opening, the vibration of a rotor during rotation is reduced, the electromagnetic noise is stably increased, decibels are lower than 100 decibels, the non-slotted motor does not weaken the electromagnetic tension, the noise is stably increased before the rotation speed reaches 7000rpm, the motor rotates to emit electromagnetic noise with peak decibels when the rotation speed reaches 7000-7500 rpm, the electromagnetic noise reaches 110 decibels and is obvious in noise, and the electromagnetic noise is reduced to be lower than 100 decibels after the rotation speed reaches 7000-7500 rpm; in general, the total sound pressure level of the electromagnetic noise is reduced by 8 decibels, the sound pressure level of 48 th order is reduced by 10 decibels, and the improvement effect is obvious; compared with the motor without grooves, the motor with grooves has obviously increased torque in the weak magnetic area, as shown in figure 4;
2. through the actual measurement of a prototype, the motor efficiency is obviously improved in a high-rotating-speed interval in the grooved motor design compared with the motor design without grooving, and the motor efficiency is shown in a table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of Motor efficiencies
An automobile comprises the motor.
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the embodiments shown and described, but is capable of numerous equivalents and substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims appended hereto.
Claims (9)
1. The motor is characterized by comprising a rotor punching sheet, wherein an even number of magnetic steel groups are arranged on the rotor punching sheet, each magnetic steel group is arranged at intervals according to N poles and S poles, a first notch and a second notch are arranged on the outer edge of the rotor punching sheet corresponding to each magnetic steel group, the first notch and the second notch are distributed on two sides of the central line of each magnetic steel group, the included angle between the central line of the first notch and the central line of the corresponding magnetic steel group is α, the included angle between the central line of the second notch and the central line of the corresponding magnetic steel group is β < β, the motor also comprises stator teeth arranged on the stator punching sheet, the chord length of each notch on the rotor punching sheet is L, the width of each stator tooth is T, and the width of the stator notch of the stator punching sheet is k, and L is T +/-k.
2. The motor for suppressing electromagnetic noise and improving NVH of claim 1, wherein the set of S pole magnetic steel groups and the set of N pole magnetic steel groups form a period, in the period, the angles of the first notch and the second notch in the S pole magnetic steel groups are α 1 and β 1 respectively, and the angles of the first notch and the second notch in the N pole magnetic steel groups are α 2 and β 2 respectively, 5 degrees < α 1<8 degrees, 8 degrees < β 1<12 degrees, 4 degrees < α 2<10 degrees, and 8 degrees < β 2<12 degrees.
3. The motor for suppressing electromagnetic noise and improving NVH of the motor according to claim 1, wherein: the group of S-pole magnetic steel groups and the group of N-pole magnetic steel groups form a period, and in the period, the chord lengths of the first notch and the second notch in the S-pole magnetic steel groups are respectively L1 and L2; in the N-pole magnetic steel group, the chord lengths of the first notch and the second notch are respectively L3 and L4; 5.5mm < L1<6.4 mm; 5mm < L2<6.4 mm; 5mm < L3<6.1 mm; 4.5mm < L4<6 mm.
4. The motor for suppressing electromagnetic noise and improving NVH according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the radius of the first notch is larger than that of the second notch, and the depth of the first notch is smaller than that of the second notch.
5. The motor for suppressing electromagnetic noise and improving NVH of claim 4, wherein: the group of S-pole magnetic steel groups and the group of N-pole magnetic steel groups form a cycle, and in the cycle, the radiuses of the first notch and the second notch in the S-pole magnetic steel groups are R1 and R2 respectively; in the N-pole magnetic steel group, the radiuses of the first notch and the second notch are R3 and R4 respectively; r1< R3, R2< R4.
6. The motor for suppressing electromagnetic noise and improving NVH of claim 5, wherein: 3.5mm < R1<4.5 mm; 3mm < R2<3.6 mm; 4mm < R3<6 mm; 3.5mm < R4<4.2 mm.
7. The motor for suppressing electromagnetic noise and improving NVH of claim 4, wherein: the group of S-pole magnetic steel groups and the group of N-pole magnetic steel groups form a cycle, and in the cycle, the depths of the first notch and the second notch in the S-pole magnetic steel groups are D1 and D2 respectively; in the N-pole magnetic steel group, the depths of the first notch and the second notch are respectively D3 and D4; the values of D1 and D2 were both greater than the D4 value of D3.
8. The motor for suppressing electromagnetic noise and improving NVH of the motor according to claim 1, wherein: in the same magnetic steel group, the distribution direction of the second notch and the first notch along the outer edge of the rotor punching sheet is the same as the rotating direction of the rotor punching sheet.
9. An automobile, characterized in that: an electrical machine comprising a machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910095608.XA CN109921571B (en) | 2019-01-31 | 2019-01-31 | Motor and car for restraining motor electromagnetic noise and improving NVH |
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| CN201910095608.XA CN109921571B (en) | 2019-01-31 | 2019-01-31 | Motor and car for restraining motor electromagnetic noise and improving NVH |
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| CN109921571A CN109921571A (en) | 2019-06-21 |
| CN109921571B true CN109921571B (en) | 2020-07-07 |
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| CN111082567A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-04-28 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Motor rotor and permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN111555482A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-18 | 重庆长安新能源汽车科技有限公司 | Permanent magnet type rotating motor |
| CN112087081A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-15 | 合肥巨一动力系统有限公司 | Permanent magnet motor rotor structure for new energy automobile |
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Address after: 510000 No.8 Songgang street, Cencun, Tianhe District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: GUANGZHOU XPENG AUTOMOBILE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510000 nine Guangdong, Guangzhou 333, Jianshe Road 245, Guangzhou, China Applicant before: GUANGZHOU XPENG AUTOMOBILE TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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