CN109919132A - A kind of pedestrian's tumble recognition methods based on skeleton detection - Google Patents
A kind of pedestrian's tumble recognition methods based on skeleton detection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of pedestrian's tumble recognition methods based on skeleton detection, comprising the following steps: S1 obtains monitoring area image using camera;S2 is split image and obtains pedestrian's human region image, and detects and obtain pedestrian's framework characteristic point distributed intelligence;S3 analyzes the distributed intelligence of pedestrian's framework characteristic point, extracts the body joint point coordinate of pedestrian's human body key position, obtains pedestrian's human joint points spatial position feature and pedestrian's attitude geometry amount according to body joint point coordinate, key position is preset position on human body;S4 establishes fall detection model according to pedestrian's human joint points spatial position feature and pedestrian's attitude geometry amount;S5 determines that the posture of pedestrian includes normal walking, falls using posture of the fall detection model to pedestrian, realizes that the detection to pedestrian's posture identifies according to judgement result.The present invention pedestrian's abnormal conditions such as fall can improve the monitoring capability of pedestrains safety event in combination with early warning system in active detecting monitor video.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of machine vision, and in particular to it is a kind of by combination features judge based on skeleton detection
Pedestrian's tumble recognition methods.
Background technique
In recent years, China human mortality Aging Problem is on the rise.Old man's quantity increases year by year, and falling is always to perplex always
One of big problem of the one of people.Falls Among Old People incidence is high, and problem is often very serious, this has become one of current era sternly
The medical care problem and social concern of weight.By scientific and effective method detect Falls Among Old People, monitor video position tumble position from
And reduce the time that old man is given treatment to.Using the feature of tumble behavior, distinguished with behavior common in life.However it is right at present
Accurate model can not be provided in the research of Falls Among Old People behavior, is had for the identification fallen with some other similar movement behavior
More serious issue of false assessments.
Currently, for tumble behavior detection method there are mainly two types of.One is the tumble inspections based on wearable sensor
Survey technology;It is another then be the detection technique based on video.Fall detection technology accuracy based on wearable sensor is high, but
It is that cost is excessively high, and dresses uncomfortable.The detection technique of tumble based on video is extracted using one or more cameras
Human body contour outline motion feature identified, but the influence of intensity of illumination and observation visual angle is susceptible to, so discrimination
It is very low.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of pedestrian's tumble identification sides detected based on skeleton
Method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A kind of pedestrian's tumble recognition methods based on skeleton detection, comprising the following steps:
S1 obtains monitoring area image using camera;
S2 is split image and obtains pedestrian's human region image, and detects and obtain pedestrian's framework characteristic point distribution letter
Breath;
S3 analyzes the distributed intelligence of pedestrian's framework characteristic point, the body joint point coordinate of pedestrian's human body key position is extracted, according to pass
Node coordinate obtains pedestrian's human joint points spatial position feature and pedestrian's attitude geometry amount, key position include left eye, right eye,
Left ear, auris dextra, mouth, at chest neck, left shoulder, left elbow, left hand, right shoulder, right elbow, the right hand, left hip, left knee, left foot, right hip, right knee
And right crus of diaphragm;
S4 establishes fall detection model according to pedestrian's human joint points spatial position feature and pedestrian's attitude geometry amount;
S5 determines that the posture of pedestrian includes normal walking, falls using posture of the fall detection model to pedestrian,
Realize that the detection to pedestrian's posture identifies according to judgement result.
The step S2, which is still further comprised, establishes pedestrian's tumble identification image coordinate system:
The top left co-ordinate of the monitoring area image obtained using camera is coordinate origin (0,0), to the right along image level
Direction is positive direction of the x-axis, is positive direction of the y-axis along image vertically downward direction;
In conjunction with current frame image acquisition time t and image coordinate (x, y), formed continuous videos space-time characteristic coordinate system (x,
Y, t), by the point distributed intelligence of pedestrian's framework characteristic and association in time, form framework characteristic point Spatio-temporal Data collection.
The fall detection model has following tumble decision condition:
Wherein i is pedestrian's framework characteristic point number, and t is current frame image acquisition time, yi(t) be frame time t when pedestrian
The Y axis coordinate of framework characteristic point i,For human body perpendicular bisector deviation angle, ktFor the inclined slope of human body perpendicular bisector, ∈tFor frame
The human body length variation range that camera captures when time t, δ is pre-set length threshold, if meeting decision condition 1 or determining item
Part 2 is then determined as doubtful tumble.
The fall detection model includes following tumble determination method:
Location of general gravity and human body lower limbs geometric center position are found, two o'clock co-ordinate position information principium identification pedestrian is passed through
Doubtful tumble situation, position of human center coordinate are as follows:
Human body lower limbs geometric center position coordinates are as follows:
xi(t) when being frame time t pedestrian's framework characteristic point i X axis coordinate, if Pf(t) X-coordinate is greater than Pl(t) X
Coordinate, ifThen it is determined as doubtful tumble.
The fall detection model further includes following tumble determination method:
Using the line at midpoint between the left shoulder of human body, right shoulder and left hip, right hip as the perpendicular bisector of pedestrian's human body, and detect
Angle between the perpendicular bisector and groundComparison threshold value is set, the relationship between angle and comparison threshold value is judged, if angle
More than or equal to comparison threshold value, then it is determined as doubtful tumble;
Angle formulae between the perpendicular bisector and ground of human body are as follows:
Wherein ktIt is found out by left shoulder, right shoulder, left hip, right hip this 4 artis position coordinates, specific formula are as follows:
Wherein i=5,6,11,12 respectively indicate the artis number of right shoulder, left shoulder, left hip, right hip, ifOrThen it is determined as doubtful tumble, wherein α, β are the comparison threshold value of setting.
The angle when between human body perpendicular bisector and groundWhen, Δ is setting
Angle value calculates pedestrian's human skeleton height in image, calculates camera and joint of head point is formed by pedestrian's inverted image distance:
Wherein HtFor the distance between joint of head point and foot's artis, d is camera to the height on ground, and w is human body
Horizontal distance between camera, HtCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein xhWith xfFor the x coordinate of joint of head point and foot's artis, yhWith yfFor joint of head point and foot joint
The y-coordinate of point, if ∈t=Ht-λt, it may be assumed that
If ∈t> δ is then determined as doubtful tumble.
During the acquisition monitoring area image, if in t1Moment starts to detect to meet the judgement of doubtful tumble
Condition reads continuous several frames to t2Until moment, and the decision condition whether each frame meets doubtful tumble is detected, if full
The frame number of the doubtful tumble of foot like number of falls threshold value, then is judged to falling greater than setting, formula are as follows:
Wherein K is moment t1To t2Detecting the frame number of tumble, N is the doubtful number of falls threshold value of setting, if μ < 0,
It is judged to falling.
In the fall detection model of the foundation, the priority level of decision condition 1 is higher than decision condition 2, is sentenced first
The judgement of fixed condition 1, the calculating if meeting decision condition 1 without decision condition 2 carry out if being unsatisfactory for decision condition 1
The calculating of decision condition 2.
The present invention can monitor pedestrian in real time, and identify to pedestrian movement's posture, can quickly, be accurately detected pedestrian
It falls.It is especially adapted for use in the Indoor Monitoring System of old man, it is long-range by being sent to when acquisition data-analysis and distinguishing fructufy
Terminal, providing convenient to guardian is also that old man's life security provides safeguard.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is processing method flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is human skeleton structure chart;
Fig. 3 is tumble schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is body perpendicular bisector structure chart;
Fig. 5 is camera and position of human body information relationship schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
To further understand the features of the present invention, technological means and specific purposes achieved, function, below with reference to
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment for attached drawing.
It is including following present invention discloses a kind of pedestrian's tumble recognition methods based on skeleton detection as shown in attached drawing 1-5
Step:
S1 obtains monitoring area image using camera.The camera type and without concrete restriction used, meets camera function i.e.
Can, the higher camera of preferred pixel.
S2 is split image and obtains pedestrian's human region image, and detects and obtain pedestrian's framework characteristic point distribution letter
Breath.
S3 analyzes the distributed intelligence of pedestrian's framework characteristic point, the body joint point coordinate of pedestrian's human body key position is extracted, according to pass
Node coordinate obtains pedestrian's human joint points spatial position feature and pedestrian's attitude geometry amount, key position include left eye, right eye,
Left ear, auris dextra, mouth, at chest neck, left shoulder, left elbow, left hand, right shoulder, right elbow, the right hand, left hip, left knee, left foot, right hip, right knee
And right crus of diaphragm.Wherein, it is illustrated in figure 2 the human skeleton information for obtaining image zooming-out, specifically includes 18 artis P of human bodyi
(t)={ (xi(t), yi(t)) | i=0,1,2 ..., 17 }, structured features joint dot position information is by this 18 key point groups
At, corresponding label be respectively left eye 1, right eye 2, left ear 3, auris dextra 4, mouth 0,17, left shoulder 6 at chest neck, left elbow 8, left hand 10,
Right shoulder 5, right elbow 7, the right hand 9, left hip 11, left knee 13, left foot 15, right hip 12, right knee 14 and right crus of diaphragm 16.Human skeleton information is by rolling up
Product neural network detects to obtain, and estimates that AlphaPose method establishes skeleton pattern by human body attitude.It is examined by above method
The human skeleton model measured has the advantages that not to be illuminated by the light condition and blocks influence, provides for the further implementation of this method
Reliable basis.
S4 establishes fall detection model according to pedestrian's human joint points spatial position feature and pedestrian's attitude geometry amount
S5 determines that the posture of pedestrian includes normal walking, falls using posture of the fall detection model to pedestrian,
Realize that the detection to pedestrian's posture identifies according to judgement result.
The fall detection model has following tumble decision condition:
Wherein i is pedestrian's framework characteristic point number, and t is current frame image acquisition time, yi(t) be frame time t when pedestrian
The Y axis coordinate of framework characteristic point i,For human body perpendicular bisector deviation angle, ktFor the inclined slope of human body perpendicular bisector, ∈tFor frame
The human body length variation range that camera captures when time t, δ is pre-set length threshold, if meeting decision condition 1 or determining item
Part 2 is then determined as doubtful tumble.In addition, the priority level of decision condition 1 is higher than decision condition 2, decision condition 1 is carried out first
Judgement, the calculating if meeting decision condition 1 without decision condition 2 carries out judgement item if being unsatisfactory for decision condition 1
The calculating of part 2.
As further embodiment, the fall detection model includes following tumble determination method:
(1) pedestrian's tumble identification image coordinate system is established: with the top left co-ordinate for the monitoring area image that camera obtains
It is positive direction of the x-axis along image level right direction for coordinate origin (0,0), is positive direction of the y-axis along image vertically downward direction.
(2) current frame image acquisition time t and image coordinate (x, y) are combined, continuous videos space-time characteristic coordinate system is formed
The point distributed intelligence of pedestrian's framework characteristic and association in time are formed framework characteristic point Spatio-temporal Data collection by (x, y, t).
(3) location of general gravity and human body lower limbs geometric center position are found, two o'clock co-ordinate position information principium identification is passed through
The doubtful tumble situation of pedestrian, position of human center coordinate are as follows:
Human body lower limbs geometric center position coordinates are as follows:
xi(t) when being frame time t pedestrian's framework characteristic point i X axis coordinate, if Pf(t) X-coordinate is greater than Pl(t) X
Coordinate, ifThen it is determined as doubtful tumble;IfIt is less than or equal toThen after
Continuous following (4), (5) step carry out judging tumble situation.It is illustrated in figure 3 tumble schematic diagram, in monitoring image, normal stand
Or position of human center is in the top of lower limb geometric center position in the case of walking, so when pedestrian's position of human center in image
Y-coordinate if it is greater than the y-coordinate of pedestrian's human body lower limbs geometric center, i.e., position of human center is in lower limb geometric center position
Lower section, it is determined that doubtful tumble.
(4) as shown in Fig. 4, using the line at midpoint between the left shoulder of human body, right shoulder and left hip, right hip as pedestrian's human body
Perpendicular bisector AB, and detect the angle between the perpendicular bisector and groundSet comparison threshold value, judge angle and comparison threshold value it
Between relationship, if angle be more than or equal to comparison threshold value, be determined as doubtful tumble;If angle is less than comparison threshold value, for
Normal walking.
Angle formulae between the perpendicular bisector and ground of human body are as follows:
Wherein ktIt is found out by left shoulder, right shoulder, left hip, right hip this 4 artis position coordinates, specific formula are as follows:
Wherein i=5,6,11,12 respectively indicate the artis number of right shoulder, left shoulder, left hip, right hip, ifOrThen it is determined as doubtful tumble, wherein α, β are the comparison threshold value of setting.If horizontal direction is 0 °, when people is in standing appearance
It is 90 ° when state, angled relationships meet When, i.e.,OrThen it is determined as doubtful
It falls.
The angle when between human body perpendicular bisector and groundWhen, Δ is setting
Angle value calculates pedestrian's human skeleton height in image, calculates camera and joint of head point is formed by pedestrian's inverted image distance:
Wherein HtFor the distance between joint of head point and foot's artis, d is camera to the height on ground, and w is human body
Horizontal distance between camera, HtCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein xhWith xfFor the x coordinate of joint of head point and foot's artis, yhWith yfFor joint of head point and foot joint
The y-coordinate of point, if ∈t=Ht-λt, it may be assumed that
If ∈t> δ is then determined as doubtful tumble.
During the acquisition monitoring area image, if in t1Moment starts to detect to meet the judgement of doubtful tumble
Condition reads continuous several frames to t2Until moment, and the decision condition whether each frame meets doubtful tumble is detected, if full
The frame number of the doubtful tumble of foot like number of falls threshold value, then is judged to falling greater than setting, formula are as follows:
Wherein K is moment t1To t2Detecting the frame number of tumble, N is the doubtful number of falls threshold value of setting, if μ < 0,
It is judged to falling.Due to the complexity of human body motion feature, such as the generation for the behaviors such as squat down and tie the shoelace, sit down and lie down, it is
System solves this problem by above method there may be judging by accident.
It should be noted that these are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, although ginseng
According to embodiment, invention is explained in detail, for those skilled in the art, still can be to aforementioned reality
Technical solution documented by example is applied to modify or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features, but it is all in this hair
Within bright spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of pedestrian's tumble recognition methods based on skeleton detection, comprising the following steps:
S1 obtains monitoring area image using camera;
S2 is split image and obtains pedestrian's human region image, and detects and obtain pedestrian's framework characteristic point distributed intelligence;
S3 analyzes the distributed intelligence of pedestrian's framework characteristic point, the body joint point coordinate of pedestrian's human body key position is extracted, according to artis
Coordinate obtains pedestrian's human joint points spatial position feature and pedestrian's attitude geometry amount, and key position includes left eye, right eye, a left side
Ear, auris dextra, mouth, at chest neck, left shoulder, left elbow, left hand, right shoulder, right elbow, the right hand, left hip, left knee, left foot, right hip, right knee and
Right crus of diaphragm;
S4 establishes fall detection model according to pedestrian's human joint points spatial position feature and pedestrian's attitude geometry amount;
S5 determines that the posture of pedestrian includes normal walking, falls using posture of the fall detection model to pedestrian, according to
Determine that result realizes that the detection to pedestrian's posture identifies.
2. pedestrian's tumble recognition methods according to claim 1 based on skeleton detection, which is characterized in that the step S2
It still further comprises and establishes pedestrian's tumble identification image coordinate system:
The top left co-ordinate of the monitoring area image obtained using camera is coordinate origin (0,0), along image level right direction
It is positive direction of the y-axis along image vertically downward direction for positive direction of the x-axis;
In conjunction with current frame image acquisition time t and image coordinate (x, y), formed continuous videos space-time characteristic coordinate system (x, y, t),
By the point distributed intelligence of pedestrian's framework characteristic and association in time, framework characteristic point Spatio-temporal Data collection is formed.
3. pedestrian's tumble recognition methods according to claim 2 based on skeleton detection, which is characterized in that the tumble inspection
Surveying model has following tumble decision condition:
Wherein i is pedestrian's framework characteristic point number, and t is current frame image acquisition time, yi(t) pedestrian skeleton is special when being frame time t
The Y axis coordinate of point i is levied,For human body perpendicular bisector deviation angle, ktFor the inclined slope of human body perpendicular bisector, ∈tWhen for frame time t
The human body length variation range that camera captures, δ is pre-set length threshold, if meeting decision condition 1 or decision condition 2,
It is determined as doubtful tumble.
4. pedestrian's tumble recognition methods according to claim 3 based on skeleton detection, which is characterized in that the tumble inspection
Surveying model includes following tumble determination method:
Location of general gravity and human body lower limbs geometric center position are found, co-ordinate position information principium identification pedestrian is doubtful by two o'clock
Tumble situation, position of human center coordinate are as follows:
Human body lower limbs geometric center position coordinates are as follows:
xi(t) when being frame time t pedestrian's framework characteristic point i X axis coordinate, if Pf(t) X-coordinate is greater than Pl(t) X-coordinate,
IfThen it is determined as doubtful tumble.
5. pedestrian's tumble recognition methods according to claim 4 based on skeleton detection, which is characterized in that the tumble inspection
Surveying model further includes following tumble determination method:
Using the line at midpoint between the left shoulder of human body, right shoulder and left hip, right hip as the perpendicular bisector of pedestrian's human body, and detect in this
Angle between vertical line and groundComparison threshold value is set, the relationship between angle and comparison threshold value is judged, if angle is greater than
Equal to comparison threshold value, then it is determined as doubtful tumble;
Angle formulae between the perpendicular bisector and ground of human body are as follows:
Wherein ktIt is found out by left shoulder, right shoulder, left hip, right hip this 4 artis position coordinates, specific formula are as follows:
Wherein i=5,6,11,12 respectively indicate the artis number of right shoulder, left shoulder, left hip, right hip, ifOrThen it is determined as doubtful tumble, wherein α, β are the comparison threshold value of setting.
6. pedestrian's tumble recognition methods according to claim 5 based on skeleton detection, which is characterized in that described to work as human body
Angle between perpendicular bisector and groundWhen, Δ is set angle angle value, is calculated in image
Pedestrian's human skeleton height calculates camera and joint of head point is formed by pedestrian's inverted image distance:
Wherein HtFor the distance between joint of head point and foot's artis, d is height of the camera to ground, and w is human body and camera
Between horizontal distance, HtCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein xhWith xfFor the x coordinate of joint of head point and foot's artis, yhWith yfFor the y of joint of head point and foot's artis
Coordinate, if ∈t=Ht-λt, it may be assumed that
If ∈t> δ is then determined as doubtful tumble.
7. pedestrian's tumble recognition methods according to claim 6 based on skeleton detection, which is characterized in that the acquisition prison
During controlling area image, if in t1Moment starts to detect to meet the decision condition of doubtful tumble, if reading continuous
Dry frame is to t2It until moment, and detects each frame and whether meets the decision condition of doubtful tumble, if meeting the frame number of doubtful tumble
Greater than setting like number of falls threshold value, then it is judged to falling, formula are as follows:
Wherein K is moment t1To t2Detect that the frame number of tumble, N are that the doubtful number of falls threshold value of setting determines if μ < 0
To fall.
8. a kind of pedestrian's tumble recognition methods based on skeleton detection according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described to build
In vertical fall detection model, the priority level of decision condition 1 is higher than decision condition 2, carries out the judgement of decision condition 1 first,
Calculating if meeting decision condition 1 without decision condition 2 carries out the meter of decision condition 2 if being unsatisfactory for decision condition 1
It calculates.
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