CN109918800A - A kind of liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field modeling method - Google Patents
A kind of liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field modeling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109918800A CN109918800A CN201910183998.6A CN201910183998A CN109918800A CN 109918800 A CN109918800 A CN 109918800A CN 201910183998 A CN201910183998 A CN 201910183998A CN 109918800 A CN109918800 A CN 109918800A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field modeling method, the described method comprises the following steps: 1) analyzing liquid nitrogen cryogenics cooling fluid physical model, establish the mathematical model of tool surface convective heat-transfer coefficient；2) it chooses cutter material and workpiece material carries out liquid nitrogen plate injection experiment, obtain the cooling experimental temperature data of liquid nitrogen；3) emulation of liquid nitrogen cooling fluid is carried out using CFD model, obtains the cooling simulated temperature data of liquid nitrogen；4) the cooling experimental temperature data of comparison liquid nitrogen and simulated temperature data, adjust fluid gas, liquid ratio in CFD model, keep simulation value consistent with experiment value, so that it is determined that convective heat-transfer coefficient；5) liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field finite element simulation is carried out using gained convective heat-transfer coefficient and carry out experimental verification.Method provided by the invention can obtain liquid nitrogen cryogenics cooling fluid gas, liquid ratio, determine convective heat-transfer coefficient, realize the modeling of liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field, provide theories integration for correlative study.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to machining and cutting-tool engineering field, in particular to a kind of liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field is built
Mould method.
Background technique
Liquid nitrogen cryogenics cutting is conducive to improve the machinability of material, guarantees preferable machined surface quality, improves tool
Service life compares traditional processing mode, and sub-cooled processing has certain advantage, can be embodied in following four aspects: low temperature
Rapidoprint can be made to generate black brittleness phenomenon, be conducive to fractureing for chip, improve the machinability of difficult-to-machine material；Low temperature
The cooling temperature for effectively reducing cutting zone, decreases cutter oxidative wear while improving workpiece surface quality, improves
Cutter life；Tool failure can be reduced using sub-cooled in high-speed cutting, reduce number of changing knife, processing system can be improved
Make efficiency；It can be avoided cutting fluid using cryogenic medias such as liquid nitrogen to pollute the environment, process is environmentally protective, keeps away simultaneously
Cumbersome cleaning work is exempted from；Currently, having had related personnel to the cutting heat of sub-zero machining, cutting force, chip shape both at home and abroad
State etc. has carried out certain research work, mainly sub-zero machining experimental study, but liquid nitrogen cryogenics cooling is processed
The theoretical research work in middle tool surface temperature field is less；When on liquid nitrogen spray to cutter, diabatic process between the two is wrong
Comprehensive complexity needs to comprehensively consider heat transfer type and liquid nitrogen physical characteristic to its influence, and therefore, the present invention proposes a kind of liquid nitrogen
Low temperature turning cutting tool temperature field modeling method provides theories integration for liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool Study on Temperature Field.
Summary of the invention
A kind of liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field modeling method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1
Liquid nitrogen cryogenics cooling fluid physical model is analyzed, the mathematical model of tool surface convective heat-transfer coefficient is established；
Step 2
It chooses cutter material and workpiece material carries out liquid nitrogen plate injection experiment, obtain the cooling experimental temperature data of liquid nitrogen；
Step 3
The emulation of liquid nitrogen cooling fluid is carried out using CFD model, obtains the cooling simulated temperature data of liquid nitrogen；
Step 4
The cooling experimental temperature data of liquid nitrogen and simulated temperature data are compared, fluid gas, liquid ratio in CFD model is adjusted, makes to imitate
True value is consistent with experiment value, determines convective heat-transfer coefficient；
Step 5
Liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field finite element simulation is carried out using gained convective heat-transfer coefficient and carries out experimental verification.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 is flow chart of the invention；
Attached drawing 2 is that liquid nitrogen cryogenics cooling procedure figure is analyzed in case study on implementation 1；
Attached drawing 3 is the Ti-5553 plate liquid nitrogen spray experimental program of case study on implementation 1；
Attached drawing 4 is the WC-Co plate liquid nitrogen spray experimental program of case study on implementation 1；
Attached drawing 5 is the plate liquid nitrogen spray experimental physics model of case study on implementation 1；
Attached drawing 6 is that liquid nitrogen spray process CFD model three-dimensional grid divides sectional view in case study on implementation 1；
Attached drawing 7 is simulated temperature of the adjustment gas, liquid than rear gained Ti-5553 plate and experiment measurement gained in case study on implementation 1
Temperature comparisons' figure；
Attached drawing 8 is simulated temperature of the adjustment gas, liquid than rear gained WC-Co plate and experiment measurement gained temperature in case study on implementation 1
Spend comparison diagram；
Attached drawing 9 is the convective heat-transfer coefficient point of the Ti-5553 plate according to determined by gained gas, liquid ratio in case study on implementation 1
The 3D curve graph of cloth；
Attached drawing 10 is the convective heat-transfer coefficient distribution of the WC-Co plate according to determined by gained gas, liquid ratio in case study on implementation 1
3D curve graph；
Attached drawing 11 is the threedimensional model for carrying out three-dimensional modeling in case study on implementation 1 with 10.0 software of UG NX；
Attached drawing 12 is the result for carrying out the grid dividing of finite element model in case study on implementation 1 to bar and blade；
Attached drawing 13 is liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning experiment and finite element simulation gained temperature value comparison diagram in case study on implementation 1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention about a kind of liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field modeling method flow chart as shown in Figure 1, below knot
Attached drawing is closed to elaborate to the specific embodiment of the method for the present invention.
This method the specific implementation process is as follows:
A kind of liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field modeling method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1
Liquid nitrogen cryogenics cooling fluid physical model is analyzed, the mathematical model of tool surface convective heat-transfer coefficient is established；
Liquid nitrogen cutter cooling procedure is as shown in Fig. 2；Corresponding simplification is made to heat transfer model: assuming that tool surface is ideal flat
Face；There is metastable state probability very little in air-liquid intersection stable structure, the process that phase transformation is completed；Air-liquid intersection is in saturation temperature
State；Liquid nitrogen cooling procedure is realized by thermal convection,hUniversal calculation equation are as follows:
In formula,h- convective heat transfer coefficient, W/ (m2·K)；QThe energy of-transmitting, J；A- surface exchange area, m2；∆T—
Temperature difference, K；∆t- interval time, s；
Establish physical quantity principle equation relevant to liquid nitrogen fluid motion artifacts:
In formula,- thermal conductivity,- fluid density,- constant pressure specific heat is held,- dynamic viscosity,- fluid velocity,—
Surface size,- temperature difference,- heat flow density.
By separating each group of dimensionless, three dimensionless numbersNu、Re、Pr:
It calculatesNu, it can it determinesh:
In formula,h N - liquid nitrogen spray process convective heat-transfer coefficient, W/ (m2·K)；LThe size of-heat-transfer area normal direction, m；k- liquid nitrogen
Thermal coefficient, W/ (m2·K)。
Establish functional relation between each constant parameter such as:
The tool surface that length is finally derived by conjunction with boundary condition is averaged Nusselt number:
According to relational expressionh=Nu·k/D, useh=0.82Re L 0.53 Pr 1/3 k/DCalculate the convection current of tool surface in course of injection
Heat transfer；The linear additive model of weight is established, assigns different weights according to the influence factor contribution of two kinds of nitrogen phases,
Subsequent experimental modeling method obtains liquid/gas and compares, and the cutter convective heat-transfer coefficient value that is cooled is calculated；Consider gas, liquid ratio
The weighting expression formula of cutter convective heat-transfer coefficient h later are as follows:
In formula,η i - weight factor, can be by liquid nitrogen spray process gas, liquid ratio-dependent；h i Nitrogen is opposite under-different conditions flows
Heat transfer coefficient.
Step 2
It chooses cutter material and workpiece material carries out liquid nitrogen plate injection experiment, obtain the cooling experimental temperature data of liquid nitrogen；
It is WC-Co, workpiece material Ti-5553 that cutter material is chosen in experiment；Experimental setup is as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, Ti-5553
Board dimension is 150 × 150 × 30mm, and WC-Co board dimension is 130 × 19.5 × 25mm, the TR on Ti-5553 plate11、
TR12And TR13With TR on WC-Co plate21、TR22And TR23Position processing diameter is 5.2mm and at a distance of the blind hole of 40mm for pacifying
Thermal resistance measuring probe is filled, makes the measuring probe apart from jeting surface 1mm；It is protected during liquid nitrogen actual ejection with jeting surface
Holding spray distance isD, spraying pressure isP, spray angle isΑ, nozzle diameter isΦ；Using thermal resistance to using thermal resistance pair
TR11、TR12、TR13、TR21、TR22、TR23Position carries out temperature measurement, records to experiment gained temperature value.
Step 3
The emulation of liquid nitrogen cooling fluid is carried out using CFD model, obtains the cooling simulated temperature data of liquid nitrogen；
Realize that the finite element of liquid nitrogen spray process is imitated using the business software STAR-CCM+ of the CFD developed by CD-Adapco company
True process；Plate liquid nitrogen spray experimental physics model is as shown in figure 5, set boundary condition, by nozzle entrance and outlet
It is respectively set as quality inflow entrance and pressure export, other interfaces in model are defined as wall surface；Assuming that the ermal physics of liquid nitrogen
Property be it is isotropic, heat transfer type is convective heat transfer, using Gauss accelerating algorithm calculate heat source；Using VOF modeling
The variation of gas, liquid ratio selects RANS model and Euler's multiphase flow equation simulation nozzle that liquid nitrogen fluid is ejected into cutter table
Face process；Each section position is identical as experiment in CFD model, is divided into nozzle, air, liquid nitrogen, Ti-5553 plate, WC-Co plate
Material；Grid dividing is carried out using resurfacing techniques, is formatted and two kinds of division modes of prismatic layer gridding, liquid comprising polyhedron network
It is as shown in Figure 6 that nitrogen course of injection CFD model three-dimensional grid divides sectional view.
Step 4
The cooling experimental temperature data of liquid nitrogen and simulated temperature data are compared, fluid gas, liquid ratio in CFD model is adjusted, determines
Convective heat-transfer coefficient；
Gas, liquid ratio obtains corresponding convective heat transfer so that experimental result is consistent with simulation result in adjusting CFD model
Coefficient value；It is more as shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 than the simulation value and experiment value of two kinds of plate temperature of rear gained to adjust gas, liquid, Ti-5553
Plate simulation value and experiment value maximum difference are 3.6 DEG C, and WC-Co plate simulation value and experiment value maximum difference are 3.9 DEG C, that is, are adjusted
Gas, liquid ratio in whole post-simulation is consistent with actual experiment；According to convective heat-transfer coefficient determined by gained gas, liquid ratio
The 3D curve of distribution is as shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10.
Step 5
Liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field finite element simulation is carried out using gained convective heat-transfer coefficient and carries out experimental verification.
It is carried out three-dimensional modeling (moulded dimension is identical as experimental verification link) with 10.0 software of UG NX, Ti-5553 titanium closes
Golden bar threedimensional model such as Figure 11 a) shown in, blade threedimensional model such as Figure 11 b) shown in, geometrical model assembly relation such as Figure 11
C) shown in；Emulating cutting parameter isv c =60m/min,f=0.12,0.16,0.20mm/r,a p =0.8mm；Bar and blade are carried out
The result of the grid dividing of finite element model is as shown in figure 12, simulates sub-cooled effect by setting Local cooling coefficient,
Liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning finite element temperature simulation is carried out, the local temperature in the region is set as -196 DEG C, and local convection is conducted heat
CoefficienthFor convective heat-transfer coefficient obtained by step 4；
It selects using Ti-5553 as the bar (having a size of 120 × 300mm of Φ) of material, it is special by the mountain of tool matrix material of WC-Co
It ties up gram blade (04 08-SMR H13A of model CNMG12), the Iscar lathe tool knife of model PCLNR 2525M-12X-JHP
Handle, carries out liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning experiment on CAK6150 numerically controlled lathe, and cutting parameter isv c =60m/min,f=0.12、0.16、
0.20mm/r,a p =0.8mm；Gained simulated temperature value and experimental temperature value comparison as shown in figure 13, emulation with experimental temperature value it
Between relative error it is smaller, about 3~6%, illustrate temperature field modeling and simulating have very high precision, liquid nitrogen cryogenics can be simulated
The thermo parameters method of Ti-5553 is cut under environment.
Finally it is noted that the above case study on implementation is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention, rather than its limitations；
Although referring to aforementioned case study on implementation, invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: its
It can still modify to technical solution documented by aforementioned each case study on implementation or some technical characteristics therein are carried out
Same replacement；And these modifications or same replacement, it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution each case study on implementation of the present invention
The spirit and scope of technical solution.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field modeling method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1
Liquid nitrogen cryogenics cooling fluid physical model is analyzed, the mathematical model of tool surface convective heat-transfer coefficient is established；
Step 2
It chooses cutter material and workpiece material carries out liquid nitrogen plate injection experiment, obtain the cooling experimental temperature data of liquid nitrogen；
Step 3
The emulation of liquid nitrogen cooling fluid is carried out using CFD model, obtains the cooling simulated temperature data of liquid nitrogen；
Step 4
The cooling experimental temperature data of liquid nitrogen and simulated temperature data are compared, fluid gas, liquid ratio in CFD model is adjusted, makes to imitate
True value is consistent with experiment value, determines convective heat-transfer coefficient；
Step 5
Liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field finite element simulation is carried out using gained convective heat-transfer coefficient and carries out experimental verification.
2. a kind of liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field according to claim 1 modeling method, it is characterised in that liquid nitrogen
Fluid motion rule near course of injection tool surface is analyzed, and is defined flow boundary layer and thermal boundary layer, is established feature
Number equation simultaneously determines that dimension is established and solved conservation equation by the analysis to convective heat-transfer coefficient influence factor, obtained and examined
Consider the cutter convective heat-transfer coefficient after gas, liquid ratiohWeighting expression formula:
In formula,η i - weight factor, can be by liquid nitrogen spray process gas, liquid ratio-dependent；h i Nitrogen is opposite under-different conditions spreads
Hot coefficient.
3. a kind of liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field according to claim 1 modeling method, it is characterised in that pass through liquid
The Experimental Modeling that nitrogen injection experiment and CFD model combine determines liquid nitrogen spray process gas, liquid ratio, final to determine
Tool surface convective heat-transfer coefficienthValue.
4. a kind of liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field according to claim 1 modeling method, it is characterised in that utilize institute
It obtains convective heat-transfer coefficient and finite element simulation is carried out to the cooling cutting temperature of liquid nitrogen cryogenics, while carrying out liquid nitrogen cryogenics cutting experiment simultaneously
Cutting temperature is measured, is compared and analyzed, realizes the verifying of liquid nitrogen cryogenics turning cutting tool temperature field modeling and simulating result.
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| CN110807227A (en) * | 2019-10-29 | 2020-02-18 | 大连理工大学 | Cutting area temperature field prediction method for ultralow-temperature cooling machining |
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| US20150129193A1 (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2015-05-14 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method To Homogenize The Tube Temperatures Between Tubes During Processes Involving Heating Of Gas Flowing In The Tubes |
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