CN109917088B - Refrigeration equipment and poultry egg freshness detection device and method - Google Patents
Refrigeration equipment and poultry egg freshness detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109917088B CN109917088B CN201910217506.0A CN201910217506A CN109917088B CN 109917088 B CN109917088 B CN 109917088B CN 201910217506 A CN201910217506 A CN 201910217506A CN 109917088 B CN109917088 B CN 109917088B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of nondestructive detection of eggs, and discloses a refrigeration device, an egg freshness detection device and an egg freshness detection method. By adopting the scheme, the poultry egg freshness detection device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and suitability for mass production; in addition, the invention obtains the mirror image of the outer contour of the egg and the air chamber contour on the plane mirror by utilizing the principle of mirror imaging, and obtains the freshness of the egg by adopting the ratio of the imaging area of the air chamber contour and the outer contour of the egg, thereby greatly simplifying the detection process and improving the detection efficiency and the accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of nondestructive detection of eggs, in particular to an egg freshness detection device, refrigeration equipment comprising the egg freshness detection device and an egg freshness detection method.
Background
Freshness is an important criterion for the internal quality of eggs (e.g., eggs, duck eggs, etc.), and consumers often use a decrease in freshness as a primary indicator of a decrease in egg quality. In order to guarantee the food hygiene and safety of consumers, nondestructive testing of the freshness of eggs is essential to understand the quality of the eggs.
Currently, the nondestructive detection methods for poultry eggs mainly include the following methods: (1) detecting the internal quality of the poultry eggs by using a near infrared technology; (2) detecting the correlation among chemical bonds in the poultry eggs by using a low-field nuclear magnetic technology; (3) analyzing the quality of egg yolk proteins in the poultry eggs by using machine vision so as to grade the poultry eggs (industrial grade); (4) detecting the internal quality of the poultry egg by using an ultrasonic imaging technology; (5) the freshness of the poultry eggs is detected by using an electronic nose.
Although the detection method is proved by domestic and foreign research institutions and scholars, the detection method is considered to have close relevance to the freshness of poultry eggs. However, the detection device corresponding to the above detection method has the following defects: the cost is high, and the method is generally only used for large-scale institutions (industrial cameras and industrial computers) such as scientific research institutions and the like; the method has no possibility of mass production, and can only be used for industrial equipment due to the limitations of cost, materials, processes and the like; the volume is large, and the device is not suitable for civil use; eggs need to be processed cleanly to be detected, otherwise, errors in extracting R/G/I components of the images of the eggs can be caused when an SVM is adopted for grading.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an egg freshness detection device, refrigeration equipment comprising the egg freshness detection device and an egg freshness detection method, and aims to solve the problems that an existing detection device is complex in structure, high in cost and not suitable for mass production.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides an egg freshness detection apparatus, comprising: a camera bellows having a cavity defined therein; the plane mirror is arranged in the cavity, and a placing part for placing eggs is arranged on the plane mirror; a light source disposed within the cavity, the light source capable of illuminating the avian egg such that an outer profile and an air chamber profile of the avian egg are imaged on the planar mirror; and the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the outer contour imaging and the air chamber contour imaging of the poultry eggs on the plane mirror.
Optionally, the plane mirror is horizontally disposed in the cavity and divides the cavity into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, and the light source is disposed in the lower cavity and under the placing part.
Optionally, the placing portion is a groove formed on the plane mirror, and an opening through which light emitted by the light source passes is formed at a bottom of the groove.
Optionally, the collecting unit is disposed at the top of the upper chamber and is offset from the right above the placing part.
Optionally, the light source is a high-light lamp, and/or the collecting unit is a camera.
Optionally, the dark box is provided with an inlet and an outlet communicated with the cavity for the eggs to enter and exit the dark box, and the inlet and the outlet are provided with door bodies for opening and closing the inlet and the outlet.
Optionally, the egg freshness detection apparatus includes a control unit, and the control unit receives and processes the outer contour image and the air chamber contour image acquired by the acquisition unit, so as to obtain the freshness grade of the egg.
Optionally, the egg freshness detection device comprises a display unit electrically connected with the control unit to display the freshness grade of the eggs.
Optionally, the control unit controls the operation of the acquisition unit and the light source.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a refrigeration apparatus comprising an egg freshness detection device as described above.
The third aspect of the invention provides a method for detecting freshness of eggs, which comprises the following steps: eggs are irradiated such that the outer contours and air cell contours of the eggs are imaged on a planar mirror.
Optionally, the egg freshness detection method comprises: and judging the freshness grade of the poultry egg according to the ratio of the imaging area of the air chamber outline and the outer outline of the poultry egg.
By adopting the technical scheme, the poultry egg freshness detection device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and suitability for mass production; in addition, the invention obtains the mirror image of the outer contour of the egg and the air chamber contour on the plane mirror by utilizing the principle of mirror imaging, and obtains the freshness of the egg by adopting the area ratio of the air chamber contour to the outer contour of the egg, thereby greatly simplifying the detection process and improving the detection efficiency and accuracy.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of an egg freshness detection device according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic illustration of the egg of fig. 1 being imaged.
Description of the reference numerals
1-a dark box, 2-a plane mirror, 21-a placing part, 3-a light source, 4-a collecting unit, 5-a display unit, 51-an indicator light, 6-a poultry egg, 61-an air chamber, 62-outline imaging and 63-air chamber outline imaging.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the terms of orientation such as "upper, lower, top, and bottom" are generally used to refer to the orientation in the mounted and used state. "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer contours of the respective component itself.
When an egg is born, a very small air chamber 61 (see fig. 1 and 2) is formed at the blunt end (i.e., the end with the larger head), and a plurality of gases such as oxygen are contained in the air chamber 61 for internal respiration (oxygen is also absorbed by the chickens in the fertilized eggs). With the increase of time, the moisture in the poultry eggs is volatilized continuously, the content is reduced continuously, the volume of the air chamber is increased slowly, and when the air chamber exceeds a certain height, the poultry eggs are changed into the inferior poultry eggs, and the poultry eggs are not recommended to be eaten continuously. Therefore, the freshness of the eggs can be judged according to the size change of the air chambers in the eggs in the egg deterioration process.
Based on the above, the present invention provides a relatively simple scheme for detecting the freshness of eggs from the viewpoint of mass production (mass civil use). Specifically, the invention provides an egg freshness detection device, which comprises a camera bellows 1, a plane mirror 2 and a light source 3, wherein a cavity is defined in the camera bellows 1, the plane mirror 2 and the light source 3 are arranged in the cavity, a placing part 21 for placing eggs 6 is arranged on the plane mirror 2, the light source 3 can irradiate the eggs 6 to enable the outer contours and the air chamber contours of the eggs 6 to be imaged on the plane mirror 2, and the egg freshness detection device further comprises a collection unit 4 for collecting the outer contour imaging 62 and the air chamber contour imaging 63 of the eggs 6 on the plane mirror 2.
In the above, the camera bellows 1 can be understood as a light-tight box body, which provides a dark environment for image acquisition and provides support for various components. In addition, it should be noted that, as the relative positions of the eggs 6, the plane mirror 2 and the light source 3 change, the imaging areas of the outer contour and the air chamber contour on the plane mirror 2 also change correspondingly, but the determination of the freshness of the eggs is not affected because the freshness of the eggs is obtained by calculating the area ratio of the air chamber contour imaging 63 to the outer contour imaging 62, as long as the outer contour and the air chamber contour can be clearly imaged on the plane mirror 2. Accordingly, the eggs 6 may have any suitable relative positions to the flat mirror 2 and the light source 3.
As can be seen from the shape of the egg, the contour of the air chamber 61 changes as the height of the air chamber 61 changes, and as the height of the air chamber 61 increases, the area of the contour of the air chamber increases. Therefore, the area of the outer contour imaging 62 and the area of the air chamber contour imaging 63 are obtained by collecting the mirror image of the poultry egg on the plane mirror 2, and the freshness of the poultry egg can be correspondingly obtained by calculating the area ratio of the air chamber contour imaging 63 to the outer contour imaging 62.
By adopting the technical scheme, the poultry egg freshness detection device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and suitability for mass production; in addition, the invention obtains the mirror image of the outer contour of the egg and the air chamber contour on the plane mirror 2 by utilizing the principle of mirror imaging, and obtains the freshness of the egg by adopting the area ratio of the air chamber contour imaging 63 and the outer contour imaging 62 of the egg 6, thereby greatly simplifying the detection process and improving the detection efficiency and the accuracy.
In order to further improve the accuracy of the detection result, facilitate the installation of each part in the detection device at the same time, guarantee the stability of multiple use of the detection device, as shown in fig. 1, the level crossing 2 sets up horizontally in the cavity and will the cavity is divided into upper chamber and lower chamber, the light source 3 set up in the lower chamber and lie in under the portion of placing 21. That is, the flat mirror 2 and the top wall and the bottom wall of the dark box 1 are provided with intervals, the light source 3 is arranged below the flat mirror 2, and the poultry eggs 6 are placed above the flat mirror 2. It is conceivable that the plane of the plane mirror 2 is directed upwards and that said upper chamber has a relatively large volume for accommodating eggs 6 as well as later mentioned acquisition units 4, display units 5, etc.
In the present invention, the placing portion 21 may have any suitable structure as long as it can be used for placing eggs. Certainly, in order to ensure the stability of the eggs 6 and improve the accuracy of the detection result, a fixing member for fixing the eggs 6 may be additionally provided. For example, the fixture may be a clamp having one end secured to the camera bellows 1 and the other end capable of holding the avian egg 6. However, in order to simplify the egg freshness detection device, reduce the weight and the manufacturing cost thereof, the placing portion 21 may be a groove formed on the plane mirror 2, the groove may be configured to allow the blunt end of the egg 6 to be embedded therein, and the bottom of the groove is provided with an opening through which the light emitted by the light source 3 passes. Thus, the eggs 6 can be stably mounted on the mounting portion 21. Wherein, the blunt end of the egg 6 is embedded in the groove means that the egg 6 is placed perpendicular to the flat mirror 2 (as shown in fig. 1). In this case, the images 62, 63 of the outer contour and the cell contour on the plane mirror 2 are concentric circles, as shown in fig. 2.
Of course, the placing part 21 may also be a circular hole directly formed on the plane mirror 2, the size of the circular hole should ensure the stable embedding of the blunt end of the eggs 6, and the circular hole should be as small as possible to avoid affecting the imaging of the outer contours and the air chamber contours of the eggs on the plane mirror 2.
Further, in order to acquire a more complete mirror image of the outer contour and the air chamber contour on the plane mirror 2, the acquisition unit 4 may be disposed at the top of the upper chamber and offset from the position directly above the placing part 21.
In the present invention, the light source 3 may be any component capable of making eggs transparent, such as a highlight lamp. The acquisition unit 4 may be any component capable of acquiring images, such as a camera. In addition, an inlet and an outlet which are communicated with the cavity and used for the eggs 6 to enter and exit the dark box 1 can be formed in the dark box 1, and a door body used for opening and closing the inlet and the outlet can be arranged at the inlet and the outlet.
In the invention, after the mirror image of the poultry egg 6 is obtained, the area sizes of the outer contour imaging 62 and the air chamber contour imaging 63 can be measured in various ways, so that the area ratio of the air chamber contour imaging 63 to the outer contour imaging 62 is obtained. However, in order to increase the automation degree of the detection device of the present invention and improve the detection efficiency and make the detection result more accurate, the egg freshness detection device may comprise a control unit configured to receive the mirror images (i.e., the outer contour imaging 62 and the air chamber contour imaging 63) collected by the collection unit 4 and process the mirror images, thereby obtaining the freshness grade of the eggs 6.
Specifically, a data model of the area ratio and the freshness can be established by detecting the area ratio of the air chamber contour imaging 63 and the outer contour imaging 62 of each period of the eggs, in the data model, the freshness can be divided into three levels of freshness, sub-freshness and poor quality, each level corresponds to an area ratio interval, the control unit can calculate the area ratio of the air chamber contour imaging 63 and the outer contour imaging 62 of the eggs 6, and the detected freshness grade of the eggs can be obtained by comparing the area ratio with the data model.
Of course, in the case where the mirror image acquired by the acquisition unit 4 is not complete, the processing of the mirror image by the control unit includes complementing the image by an algorithm.
In order to visually display the freshness grade of the eggs during use, the egg freshness detection device can further comprise a display unit 5, and the display unit 5 is electrically connected with the control unit to display the freshness grade of the eggs 6. As shown in fig. 1, the display unit 5 may include three indicator lamps 51 corresponding to three freshness levels of freshness, and poor quality.
In the invention, after eggs are placed on the placing part 21, the light source 3 and the collecting unit 4 can be manually controlled to be turned on through a key or a switch for detection. In order to enable the detection device to perform automatic detection after the egg sample is put in, the control unit can be further configured to control the operation of the acquisition unit 4 and the light source 3. In the present invention, the control unit may be a single chip Microcomputer (MCU).
The working flow of the egg freshness detection device according to one embodiment of the present invention is described in detail as follows:
firstly, egg samples to be detected are placed on the placing part 21, and after the control unit knows that eggs are placed on the placing part 21 according to the shooting condition of a camera, the control unit controls the power on of a highlight lamp to irradiate the eggs, so that the outlines of the eggs and the outlines of air chambers are imaged on the plane mirror 2; then, the camera shoots a mirror image and sends the mirror image to the control unit, the control unit processes the mirror image, calculates the area ratio of the air chamber outline imaging 63 to the outer contour imaging 62, and compares the area ratio with the data model to obtain the freshness grade of the detected eggs; finally, the control unit sends the obtained freshness level result to the display unit 5, and the corresponding indicator lamp 51 is turned on.
In order to further improve the accuracy of the detection result, the poultry egg sample can be subjected to imaging, shooting, processing and calculation for multiple times, the average value of the area ratios measured for multiple times is taken and compared with the data model, and therefore the freshness grade of the poultry egg is obtained.
In conclusion, the poultry egg freshness detection device is low in cost and can be used for mass production; the structure is simple, and the manufacture is convenient; the freshness grade of the poultry egg can be judged within a few seconds, and the time consumption is short; the accuracy is high.
The invention also provides a poultry egg freshness detection method, which comprises the following steps: the eggs 6 are irradiated such that the outer contours and air cell contours of said eggs 6 are imaged on the flat mirror 2.
Further, the method for detecting freshness of eggs can further comprise: and judging the freshness grade of the poultry egg 6 according to the ratio of the imaging area of the air chamber outline and the outer outline of the poultry egg 6.
Of course, corresponding to the work flow of the egg freshness detection device, the egg freshness detection method may further include: and measuring the ratio of the air chamber outline of the poultry egg 6 to the imaging area of the outer outline for multiple times, and taking an average value.
The egg freshness detection method can be implemented by adopting the egg freshness detection device.
The invention also provides a refrigeration device which comprises the poultry egg freshness detection device.
Wherein, the refrigeration equipment can be a refrigerator.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present invention is also possible, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The utility model provides an birds, beasts and eggs freshness detection device which characterized in that, birds, beasts and eggs freshness detection device includes:
a camera bellows (1), the camera bellows (1) defining a cavity therein;
the plane mirror (2), the plane mirror (2) is arranged in the cavity, and a placing part (21) for placing eggs (6) is arranged on the plane mirror (2);
a light source (3), wherein the light source (3) is arranged in the cavity, and the light source (3) can irradiate the poultry egg (6) so as to image the outer contour and the air chamber contour of the poultry egg (6) on the plane mirror (2); and
the device comprises a collecting unit (4), wherein the collecting unit (4) is used for collecting outer contour imaging (62) and air chamber contour imaging (63) of the poultry eggs (6) on the plane mirror (2).
2. An egg freshness detection device according to claim 1, wherein the plane mirror (2) is horizontally disposed within the cavity and divides the cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, and the light source (3) is disposed within the lower chamber and directly below the placement portion (21).
3. An egg freshness detection apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the placement portion (21) is a groove formed on the plane mirror (2), and an opening for passing light emitted by the light source (3) is provided at the bottom of the groove.
4. An egg freshness detection device according to claim 2, wherein the pick unit (4) is disposed at the top of the upper chamber offset directly above the placement portion (21).
5. An egg freshness detection device according to claim 1, wherein the light source (3) is a high-intensity light and/or the collection unit (4) is a camera.
6. An egg freshness detection device according to claim 1, wherein an inlet and an outlet are formed in the dark box (1) and communicated with the cavity for the eggs (6) to enter and exit the dark box (1), and a door body for opening and closing the inlet and the outlet is arranged at the inlet and the outlet.
7. An egg freshness detection apparatus according to any one of claims 1-6, comprising a control unit that receives and processes said outer contour imaging (62) and said air chamber contour imaging (63) collected by said collection unit (4) to obtain a freshness level of said eggs (6).
8. An egg freshness detection apparatus according to claim 7, comprising a display unit (5), said display unit (5) being electrically connected to said control unit to display the freshness grade of said eggs (6).
9. An egg freshness detection apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said control unit controls the operation of said pick unit (4) and said light source (3).
10. A refrigeration apparatus, characterized in that it comprises an egg freshness detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
11. A method for detecting freshness of eggs, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the eggs (6) are irradiated so that the outer contours and air cell contours of the eggs (6) are imaged on the plane mirror (2).
12. An egg freshness detection method according to claim 11, comprising: and judging the freshness grade of the poultry egg (6) according to the ratio of the imaging area of the air chamber outline and the outer outline of the poultry egg (6).
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