CN109916514A - A kind of photon injection type Dim light measurement method and device - Google Patents
A kind of photon injection type Dim light measurement method and device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of photon injection type Dim light measurement method, the photogenerated charge lost in photoelectric conversion process is compensated by the way of actively injecting photon, comprising steps of Active Compensation, a certain amount of compensation photon is actively injected in photoelectric sensor side, so that the total amount for the compensation photon that the photoelectric sensor receives is greater than its detection limit；Light mixing detection, the compensation photon of equivalent with it is to be measured smooth when be input to the photoelectric sensor, to obtain distortionless detection signal.This method is used to eliminate influence of the photogenerated charge being lost in sensor photoelectric conversion process to measurement result, i.e., equally reduce the detection limit of photoelectric sensor, improve detector to the detectability of dim light, solves the problems, such as the dim light quantization scale distortions of sensor original detection limit environs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of weak light detection, in particular to a photon injection type weak light detection method and a photon injection type weak light detection device.
Background
The spectrum detection is one of the basic and key technologies of numerous analytical instruments and medical detection instruments, from environmental water quality and food safety monitoring, to petrochemical industry and medicine production measurement and control, to body fluid, blood, protein, genome and even cell analysis, and thousands of detections are based on the spectrum method, wherein many relate to the detection of weak light or extremely weak light; in addition, some electronic devices used daily by people are related to weak light detection, such as the photographing function of mobile phones and cameras in the night, and these detections ultimately need to be analyzed qualitatively or quantitatively by instruments through converting optical signals into electric signals by optical sensors.
The common optical sensors include a photovoltaic detector, a photoconductive detector, a thermopile detector, a photodiode array, a CCD image sensor, a CMOS image sensor, an NMOS image sensor and an InGaAs image sensor, the capability of the common optical sensors for weak light detection mainly depends on two parameters of detection limit and sensitivity, and because some photo-generated charges are inevitably lost in the photoelectric conversion process, the detection limit is numerically larger than the value of sensitivity, for example, the detection limit of one optical sensor to optical energy is 50nJ, the sensitivity is 1nJ, which indicates that the sensor cannot normally detect when the optical energy is lower than 50nJ in unit time, and the sensor can give differentiated response when the optical energy is larger than 50nJ in unit time and changes 1 nJ. Because some photo-generated charges are inevitably lost in the photoelectric conversion process, namely the detection limit of the sensor is larger than the value of the sensitivity in value, the sensor cannot detect weak light signals lower than the detection limit, and meanwhile, when part of light energy is lower than the detection limit and the other part of light energy is higher than the detection limit, the proportion of output signals is distorted, for example, in the weak light environment which can be seen clearly by human eyes at night or at dusk, the rest of the dark places except the bright places of the photos shot by a mobile phone or a camera are shot into a cloud of black.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a photon injection type weak light detection method, a certain amount of photons are actively injected into a photoelectric sensor through a compensation light source in each detection process, the total energy of the compensation photons is adjusted to be above the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor, and the output signal of the photoelectric sensor is collected to subtract a compensation light signal to restore a real measurement signal, so that the influence of the photo-generated charges lost in the photoelectric conversion process of the sensor on the measurement result is eliminated.
The invention provides a photon injection type weak light detection method, which comprises the following steps:
active compensation, wherein a certain amount of compensation photons are injected into the photoelectric sensor side actively, so that the total amount of the compensation photons received by the photoelectric sensor is larger than the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor;
and mixed light detection, wherein equivalent compensation photons and light to be detected are simultaneously input into the photoelectric sensor to obtain an undistorted detection signal.
Preferably, the active compensation specifically includes:
injecting compensation photons, closing the light to be detected, and injecting a certain amount of compensation photons into the photoelectric sensor, wherein the total amount of the compensation photons received by the photoelectric sensor is greater than the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor;
and acquiring a background signal, namely acquiring an electric signal output by the photoelectric sensor after the injection of the compensation photons, and recording the electric signal as the background signal.
Preferably, the mixed light detection specifically includes:
injecting mixed photons, starting light to be detected, and injecting equivalent compensation photons and the light to be detected into the photoelectric sensor;
and acquiring a detection signal, namely acquiring a mixed signal output by the photoelectric sensor after mixed photons are injected, wherein the difference value between the mixed signal and the background signal is an undistorted detection signal.
Preferably, the light source emits primary photons, the primary photons are subjected to attenuation light mixing processing to become the compensation photons, the compensation photons are uniformly emitted into the photoelectric sensor, the number of the primary photons is greater than that of the compensation photons, and the number of the primary photons is in a linear relationship with that of the compensation photons; emitting primary photons through a primary photon emitting component that emits a spectral wavelength range that partially overlaps with a wavelength range over which the photosensor responds.
A photon injection type weak light detection device comprises a compensation light source, a photoelectric sensor, an optical switch and an electric control assembly; the compensation light source, the photoelectric sensor and the optical switch are electrically connected with the electric control assembly; wherein,
the compensation light source emits primary photons, the primary photons are converted into compensation photons and then enter the photoelectric sensor,
the light to be measured enters the photoelectric sensor after being subjected to light processing, and the optical switch allows or blocks the light to be measured from entering the photoelectric sensor.
Preferably, the primary photons are changed into compensation photons through the light mixing attenuation component, the compensation light source is connected with the light mixing attenuation component, the compensation light source emits primary photons to enter the light mixing attenuation component, the light mixing attenuation component converts the primary photons into compensation photons which are uniformly distributed along the cross section of the light mixing attenuation component, the number of the primary photons is greater than that of the compensation photons, and the energy of the compensation photons is greater than the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor.
Preferably, the light mixing attenuation module is a hollow structure composed of a plurality of light guide plates, each light guide plate comprises a diffuse reflection layer tightly attached to a local surface of the light guide plate, primary photons enter the light mixing attenuation module and form uniformly distributed scattered light after being reflected for multiple times by the diffuse reflection layers, and part of heat radiation light in the light mixing attenuation module is emitted to the photoelectric sensor as compensation photons.
Preferably, the optical switch comprises an electronic switch and a mechanical switch, the electronic switch is connected with the electronic control component, the electronic switch is connected with the instrument optical component, and the electronic switch allows or blocks the light to be measured to enter the instrument optical component in an electronic control mode; the mechanical switch allows or blocks the light to be measured from entering the instrument optical assembly by moving the barrier.
Preferably, the mechanical switch is a pull-type mechanical switch, and the pull-type mechanical switch comprises a first light barrier, a first return spring, a guide rail frame, a first armature and a first electric suction cup; wherein,
a connecting rod extends from a local area at one end of the first light barrier, the first armature is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the connecting rod, and the first return spring is sleeved on the connecting rod; a stop bar is arranged on the guide rail frame and is arranged between the first return spring and the first armature;
two ends of the first light barrier are matched with the guide rail of the guide rail frame, and two ends of the first light barrier move linearly on the guide rail of the guide rail frame; the first electric sucker is fixedly arranged at one end of the guide rail frame, is opposite to the first armature and is positioned on the extension line of the connecting rod;
when the first electric sucker is not electrified, the first reset spring pushes the first light barrier to move, so that the light to be measured enters the instrument optical assembly through the light through hole;
when first electric suction cup circular telegram back, first electric suction cup attracts first armature, first barn door moves along the guide rail, the blend stop hinders first reset spring motion makes it take place to deform, first barn door shelters from the light that awaits measuring and gets into in the instrument optical assembly.
Preferably, the mechanical switch is a lever-type mechanical switch, and the lever-type mechanical switch comprises a second light blocking plate, a fixing frame, a fulcrum cylinder, a second electric sucker and a second reset spring; wherein,
the fulcrum cylinder is fixed on the fixing frame, and a through hole matched with the fulcrum cylinder is formed in the middle of the second light blocking plate; a second armature is fixedly arranged at one end of the second light blocking plate, and the second electric sucker is positioned at the opposite position of the second armature and is fixedly arranged on the fixed frame;
the fixing frame is provided with a fixing block, the fixing block is arranged adjacent to the second electric sucker, and the fixing block fixes the second return spring on the fixing frame;
a light-transmitting notch is formed in the second light-blocking plate, when the second electric sucker is not powered on, the second reset spring drives the second light-blocking plate to rotate around the fulcrum cylinder, and light to be detected enters the optical assembly of the instrument through the light-transmitting notch;
when the second electric sucker is powered on, the second electric sucker attracts a second armature, and the second reset spring drives the second light blocking plate to rotate around the fulcrum cylinder, so that the second light blocking plate blocks light to be detected to enter the instrument optical assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a photon injection type weak light detection method, before the beginning of measurement, an optical switch is closed to actively send out a certain amount of primary photons through a compensation light source, the primary photons are attenuated into compensation photons through a light mixing attenuation component, the total energy of the compensation photons is adjusted to be above the detection limit of a photoelectric sensor, and the photoelectric sensor receives the compensation photons and acquires output signals which are recorded as compensation background signals; after the measurement is started, an optical switch is started, light to be measured enters the photoelectric sensor after being optically processed by the instrument optical assembly, meanwhile, the compensation light source emits the equal primary photons, and the photoelectric sensor receives the compensation photons and collects output signals which are recorded as detection output signals; the detection output signal minus the compensation background signal is an undistorted optical signal to be detected, so that the influence of the photo-generated charge lost in the photoelectric conversion process of the sensor on the measurement result is eliminated, namely the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor is equivalently reduced, the detection capability of the detector on weak light and extremely weak light is improved, and the problem of the quantitative proportional distortion of the weak light in the range close to the original detection limit of the sensor is solved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. The detailed description of the present invention is given in detail by the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a photon injection type weak light detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a photon injection type weak light detection method according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a photon injection type weak light detection device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a compensating light source according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the light mixing and attenuating assembly according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the pull type mechanical switch of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a lever type mechanical switch according to the present invention;
reference numerals: 101. the light source module comprises a compensating light source 102, a light mixing attenuation component 103, a photoelectric sensor 104, an optical switch 105, an instrument optical component 106, an electronic control component 201, a power regulating circuit 202, a light emitting component 301, a light guide plate 302, a diffuse reflection layer 303, an incidence area 304, an emission area 401, a first light barrier plate 402, a first reset spring 403, a guide rail frame 404, a first armature iron 405, a first electric suction cup 406, a light through hole 407, a first positioning hole 408, a barrier strip 409, a connecting rod 501, a second light barrier plate 502, a fixing frame 503, a supporting point cylinder 504, a second electric suction cup 505, a second armature iron 506, a second reset spring 507, a light transmitting notch 508, a second positioning hole 509 and a fixing block.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, and it should be noted that any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below can be used to form a new embodiment without conflict.
A photon injection type weak light detection method, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, comprising the steps of:
s1, active compensation, wherein a certain amount of compensation photons are injected actively at the side of the photoelectric sensor, so that the total amount of the compensation photons received by the photoelectric sensor is larger than the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor; actively injecting an amount of compensating photons into one end of the photosensor, specifically further comprising:
s11, injecting compensation photons, closing the light to be detected, and injecting a certain amount of compensation photons into the photoelectric sensor, wherein the total amount of the compensation photons received by the photoelectric sensor is larger than the detection limit;
and S12, acquiring a background signal, and acquiring an electric signal output by the photoelectric sensor after the injection of the compensation photons, and recording the electric signal as the background signal.
In one embodiment, the lost capability in the photoelectric conversion process is photoelectrically compensated by actively injecting compensation photons before detection, and a certain number of compensation photons are injected into the photoelectric sensor; the energy of the compensation photons received by the photoelectric sensor is larger than the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor, and the method can equivalently reduce the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor and improve the detection capability of the detector on weak light and extremely weak light.
And S2, mixed light detection, wherein the same amount of compensation photons and light to be detected are simultaneously input to the photoelectric sensor to obtain an undistorted detection signal. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
s21, injecting mixed photons, starting light to be detected, and injecting equivalent compensation photons and the light to be detected into the photoelectric sensor;
and S22, acquiring a detection signal, and acquiring a mixed signal output by the photoelectric sensor after mixed photons are injected, wherein the difference value between the mixed signal and the background signal is an undistorted detection signal. In one embodiment, during detection, the compensation photons and the light to be detected, which are injected in the same amount as in step S1, are injected into the photosensor, and the photon energy received by the photosensor is raised above the detection limit of the photosensor, and the difference between the mixed signal and the background signal is an undistorted detection signal; therefore, the influence of the photo-generated charge lost in the photoelectric conversion process of the photoelectric sensor on the measurement result is eliminated, namely the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor is equivalently reduced, the detection capability of the detector on weak light and extremely weak light is improved, and the problem of the distortion of the quantization scale of the weak light in the range near the original detection limit of the sensor is solved.
In one embodiment, the light source emits primary photons, the primary photons are subjected to attenuation light mixing processing to become the compensation photons, the compensation photons are uniformly emitted into the photoelectric sensor, the number of the primary photons is greater than that of the compensation photons, and the number of the primary photons is in a linear relation with that of the compensation photons. In this embodiment, the attenuation light mixing process mainly reduces the number of primary photons, makes the primary photons uniform and then emits the uniform primary photons into the photosensor as compensation photons, and the energy of the compensation photons is greater than the detection limit of the photosensor. In a preferred implementation, the diffuse reflective material can homogenize the photons by passing the primary photons through the diffuse reflective material and emitting a portion of the primary photons.
It should be noted that there are various ways to perform the attenuation mixing processing on the primary photons, such as diffuse reflection materials, optical filters, etc., and the attenuation mixing processing also needs to make the number of primary photons and the number of compensation photons have a linear relationship, i.e. the ratio of the number of primary photons to the number of compensation photons is a constant.
In one embodiment, step S2 includes optically processing the light to be detected and then injecting the light into the photosensor. In the present embodiment, generally, the optical processing includes convergence, filtering, diffraction, interference, dispersion, and the like.
In one embodiment, primary photons are emitted by a primary photon emitting component that emits a spectral wavelength range that partially overlaps with the wavelength range over which the photosensor responds.
A photon injection type weak light detection device, as shown in FIGS. 3-7, comprises a compensation light source 101, a photosensor 103, an optical switch 104 and an electronic control assembly 106; wherein,
the compensation light source 101 emits primary photons, which are converted into compensation photons and then incident on the photosensor 103,
the light to be measured enters the photoelectric sensor 103 after being processed by light, and the optical switch 104 allows or blocks the light to be measured from entering the photoelectric sensor 103.
The primary photons are changed into compensation photons through the light mixing attenuation component 102, the compensation light source 101 is connected with the light mixing attenuation component 102, the compensation light source 101 emits the primary photons to enter the light mixing attenuation component 102, the light mixing attenuation component 102 converts the primary photons into compensation photons which are uniformly distributed along the cross section of the light mixing attenuation component, the number of the primary photons is larger than that of the compensation photons, and the energy of the compensation photons is larger than the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor 103.
The light mixing attenuation component 102 is a hollow structure composed of a plurality of light guide plates 301, the light guide plates 301 include diffuse reflection layers 302 tightly attached to local surfaces of the light guide plates, primary photons enter the light mixing attenuation component 102 and are reflected for multiple times by the diffuse reflection layers to form uniformly distributed scattered light, and partial heat radiation light in the light mixing attenuation component 102 is emitted to the photoelectric sensor 103 as compensation photons.
In one embodiment, the output signal of the compensation photon and the light to be measured simultaneously incident on the photoelectric sensor 103 is collected, and the output signal of the same amount of compensation photon independently incident on the photoelectric sensor 103 is subtracted, so as to obtain the undistorted light signal to be measured. The primary photons emitted by the compensation light source 101 pass through the light mixing attenuation component 103 and then become compensation photons with energy slightly higher than the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor 103 and uniformly distributed along the cross section, and the compensation photons are obliquely and uniformly irradiated onto the photosensitive component of the photoelectric sensor 103 from one side of the photosensitive window of the photoelectric sensor 103; meanwhile, the light to be measured enters the instrument optical assembly 105 through the optical switch, and is irradiated onto the photosensitive assembly of the photoelectric sensor 103 from the front side of the photosensitive window of the photoelectric sensor 103 after being optically processed; generally, optical processing includes concentration, filtering, diffraction, interference, dispersion, splitting, and the like.
In this embodiment, before the formal measurement is started, the electronic control component 106 switches the optical switch 104 on and off to cut off the light to be measured, and controls the compensation light source to inject a certain amount of compensation photons into the photoelectric sensor 103 and collect the output signal of the photoelectric sensor 103, which is recorded as a compensation background signal; in the following formal test process, the optical switch 104 is turned on by the electronic control component 106, the light to be measured enters the instrument optical component 105, after the optical processing is performed by the instrument optical component 105, the light to be measured is irradiated onto the photosensitive component of the photoelectric sensor 103, meanwhile, the electronic control component 106 controls the compensation light source to inject compensation photons with the same amount as the above into the photoelectric sensor 103, and then the output signal of the photoelectric sensor 103 is collected and the compensation background signal is subtracted, so that the undistorted light signal to be measured is obtained. The obtained real optical signal to be detected eliminates the influence of the photo-generated charge lost in the photoelectric conversion process of the sensor on the measurement result, namely equivalently reduces the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor 103, improves the detection capability of the detector on weak light and extremely weak light, and solves the problem of weak light quantization scale distortion in the range close to the original detection limit of the sensor.
It should be noted that the primary photons become compensation photons after passing through the light mixing and attenuating assembly 102, the number of the primary photons is greater than that of the compensation photons, and the compensation photons are more uniformly distributed in space than the primary photons after being diffusely reflected by the light mixing and attenuating assembly, and the two photons only have the above two differences.
The photoelectric sensor 103 comprises a photosensitive window and a photosensitive component; compensating photons irradiate the photosensitive assembly through one side of the photosensitive window; and the light to be measured irradiates the photosensitive assembly through the other side of the photosensitive window. In one embodiment, generally, the photosensitive component of the photoelectric sensor 031 is a facet or a small curve, which is also the surface of the photosensitive material of the sensor; treat that the photometry passes through the front of sensitization window shines on the sensitization subassembly, and compensation photon passes through one side of sensitization window shines on the sensitization subassembly, mainly avoid compensation light to shelter from treating the photometry.
The compensating light source 101 comprises a power regulating circuit 201 and a light emitting component 202, wherein the power regulating circuit 201 is connected with the electronic control component 106, and the light emitting component 202 emits different numbers of primary photons by regulating the output power and the output duration of the power regulating circuit 201. The light emitting intensity of the light emitting component 202 is proportional to the output power of the power regulating circuit 201. The light emitting assembly 202 includes a single light emitter or a combination of multiple light emitters that emit spectral wavelength ranges that partially overlap the wavelength range over which the photosensor responds. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the power adjusting circuit 201 provides power to the light emitting element 202, the output power and the single output duration, i.e. the output pulse width, of the power adjusting circuit are adjustable, the power level and the output duration are controlled by the electronic control element 106, and the number of photons emitted by the light emitting element 202 during each detection process is controlled by adjusting the output power and the output duration, so as to control the number of compensation photons injected into the photosensor 103 during each detection process.
In general, the light emitter may be any form of light emitting element such as an LED, xenon lamp, deuterium lamp, tungsten lamp, black body, etc. having a luminous intensity proportional to the driving power and having an overlap region of the emission spectrum wavelength range and the photosensor response wavelength range.
The light mixing attenuation component 102 is a hollow structure composed of a plurality of light guide plates 301, the light guide plates 301 include diffuse reflection layers 302 tightly attached to local surfaces of the light guide plates, primary photons enter the light mixing attenuation component 102 and are reflected for multiple times by the diffuse reflection layers to form uniformly distributed scattered light, and partial heat radiation light in the light mixing attenuation component 102 is emitted to the photoelectric sensor 103 as compensation photons. The light mixing attenuation module 102 comprises a plurality of light transmission areas, primary photons enter from one side of the light transmission area of the light mixing attenuation module 102, compensating photons emit from the other side of the light transmission area of the light mixing attenuation module 102 to the photoelectric sensor 103, and the number of the compensating photons entering the light mixing attenuation module 102 is in a linear relation with the number of the compensating light intensity emitted from the compensating photons. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the light mixing and attenuating assembly 102 is composed of a light guide plate 301 and a diffuse reflection layer 302 formed of a diffuse reflection material closely attached to the surface of the light guide plate; the light guide plate 301 is characterized in that a light-transmitting incident area 303 is formed by not covering the side surface of one surface of the light guide plate 301 with a diffuse reflection material, photons emitted by a compensation light source enter the light guide plate 301 through the area, and are reflected for multiple times by the diffuse reflection material tightly attached to the surface of the light guide plate 301 when propagating inside the light guide plate 301 to form uniformly distributed scattered light; the other side surface of the light guide plate 301 is provided with an emergent light transmission area 304 which is not covered by the diffuse reflection material, the light transmitted in the light guide plate is uniformly mixed and then emitted out along different directions through the emergent light transmission area 304, a part of photons are used as compensation photons and emitted to the photosensitive part of the photoelectric sensor 103, and because the diffuse reflection material 303 and the surface of the light guide plate 301 are tightly attached to form an integrated element which is not changed along with time, the emergent light after mixed attenuation is stronger than the incident light entering the light mixing attenuation component and is in a fixed proportion relation.
It should be noted that the incident region 303 and the emitting region 304 both belong to a light-transmitting region, and the sizes of the light-transmitting region and the diffuse reflection region of the hollow structure can be adjusted according to specific needs.
The optical switch 104 includes an electronic switch and a mechanical switch, the electronic switch is connected to the electronic control component 106, and the electronic switch allows or blocks the light to be measured to enter the instrument optical component 105 in an electronic control manner; the mechanical switch allows or blocks the light to be measured from entering the instrument optics assembly 105 by moving a shutter. Generally, for a detection application scene that a main light source can be started and stopped to irradiate a sample in real time in a molecular absorption spectrum, a laser raman spectrum, a fluorescence excitation spectrum and the like, an electronic switch is preferentially adopted, namely, the main light source of an electric control shutdown instrument is used for enabling light to be detected to be zero when a compensation background signal is collected; for self-luminous detection application scenes such as biological fluorescence, atomic emission spectrum and the like which do not need a light source to irradiate a sample, a physical shielding type mechanical light switch is generally adopted, namely, the light to be detected is physically shielded by controlling the mechanical displacement of a light blocking element when a compensation background signal is acquired.
In one embodiment, the mechanical switch is a pull-type mechanical switch, which includes a first light barrier 401, a first return spring 402, a rail bracket 403, a first armature 404, and a first electric suction cup 405; a link 409 extends from a partial region of one end of the first light barrier 401, the first armature 404 is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the link 409, and the first return spring 402 is sleeved on the link 409; a stop bar 408 is arranged on the guide rail frame 403, and the stop bar 408 is arranged between the first return spring 402 and the first armature 404; two ends of the first light barrier 401 are matched with the guide rail of the guide rail bracket 403, and two ends of the first light barrier 401 move linearly on the guide rail of the guide rail bracket 403; the first electric suction cup 405 is fixedly arranged at one end of the guide rail bracket 403, and the first electric suction cup 405 is arranged opposite to the first armature 404 and is positioned on an extension line of the connecting rod 409; a light through hole 406 is formed in the first light barrier 401, and when the first electric suction cup 405 is not powered on, the first return spring 402 pushes the first light barrier 401 to move, so that light to be measured enters the instrument optical assembly 105 through the light through hole 406; when the first electric suction cup 405 is powered on, the first electric suction cup 405 attracts the first armature 404, the first light barrier 401 moves along the guide rail, the barrier bar 408 blocks the first return spring 402 from moving and deforming, and the first light barrier 401 blocks the light to be measured from entering the instrument optical assembly 105.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, a hollow light-passing hole 406 is formed in the middle of the first light barrier 401, and a connecting rod 409 is arranged at one end of the first light barrier and passes through the first return spring 402 and the fixed guide rail bracket 403 to be connected with the armature 404; the fixed rail bracket 403 guides the moving track of the movable first light barrier 401 through the guide rails on the two sides and the hole in the middle part, so that the first light barrier 401 can only do linear motion along one direction, and the rail bracket 403 is provided with a positioning hole 407 for mounting and fixing the whole optical switch on the instrument optical assembly 105; the first electric suction cup 405 is arranged at the other end of the guide rail bracket 403, is positioned on the same axis with the first armature 404, and is controlled by the instrument electric control assembly 106 in power-on and power-off control; when the first electric chuck 405 is not powered on, the first armature 404 is not attracted, and at this time, the first return spring 402 pushes the movable first light barrier 401 to the leftmost end, so that the hollow light through hole 406 in the first light barrier 401 is aligned with the incident position of light to be measured of the instrument, and the light to be measured can pass through the light through hole 406 and enter the instrument optical assembly 105; when the first electric chuck 405 is energized, an electromagnetic attraction force is generated on the first armature 404, and the electromagnetic attraction force is greater than the elastic force of the first return spring 402, so that the first armature 404 moves to the right together with the movable first light barrier 401, the light through hole 406 deviates from the incident position of the light to be measured, and the first light barrier 401 on the left side of the light through hole shifts to the incident position of the light to be measured, so that the light to be measured is shielded outside the instrument optical assembly 105.
In another embodiment, the mechanical switch is a lever-type mechanical switch, and the lever-type mechanical switch comprises a second light blocking plate 501, a fixing frame 502, a fulcrum cylinder 503, a second electric suction cup 504 and a second return spring 506; the fulcrum cylinder 503 is fixed on the fixing frame 502, and a through hole matched with the fulcrum cylinder 503 is formed in the middle of the second light blocking plate 501; a second armature 505 is fixedly arranged at one end of the second light blocking plate 501, and the second electric suction cup 504 is located at the opposite position of the second armature 505 and is fixedly arranged on the fixing frame 502; a fixed block 509 is arranged on the fixed frame 502, the fixed block 509 is arranged adjacent to the second electric suction cup 504, and the fixed block 509 fixes the second return spring 506 on the fixed frame 502; a light-transmitting notch 507 is formed in the second light-blocking plate 501, and when the second electric suction cup 504 is not powered on, the second return spring 506 drives the second light-blocking plate 501 to rotate around the fulcrum cylinder 503, so that light to be measured enters the instrument optical assembly 105 through the light-transmitting notch 507; when the second electric suction cup 504 is powered on, the second electric suction cup 504 attracts the second armature 505, and the second return spring 506 drives the second light blocking plate 501 to rotate around the fulcrum cylinder 503, so that the second light blocking plate 501 blocks light to be measured from entering the instrument optical assembly 105.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, one end of the link-type light barrier is a second light barrier 501, the other end is a rigid rotating rod, one side of the second light barrier 501 is provided with a hollow light-passing notch 507, a circular hole is formed in the middle of the rigid rotating rod, and is penetrated by the fulcrum cylinder 503, and the other end of the rigid rotating rod is connected with a second armature 505 and one end of a second return spring 506; a fixed block 509 is arranged on the fixed frame 502 for fixing the bottom end of the spring, and a second positioning hole 508 is reserved on the fixed frame for installing and fixing the whole optical switch on the instrument optical assembly 105; the second electric suction cup 504 is arranged at the side surface of the other end of the fixed frame 502 and corresponds to the second armature 505, and the power-on and power-off control of the second electric suction cup is controlled by the instrument electric control assembly 106; when the second electric suction cup 504 is not powered on, the second armature 505 is not attracted, at this time, the second return spring 506 pushes one end (right side in the figure) of the rigid rotating rod to the uppermost side, the second light blocking plate 501 at the other end (left side in the figure) is limited at the lower side by the adjacent step on the fixing frame 502, so that the hollow light passing notch 507 at the upper side of the second light blocking plate 501 is aligned with the incident position of light to be measured of the instrument, and the light to be measured can pass through the light passing notch 507 and enter the instrument optical assembly 105; when the second electric suction cup 504 is powered on, an electromagnetic attraction force is generated on the second armature 505, and the electromagnetic attraction force is greater than the elastic force of the return spring, so that the second armature 505 rotates clockwise around the fulcrum cylinder 503 together with the rigid rotating rod, the second light blocking plate 501 at one end of the rigid rotating rod moves upwards, the light passing notch 507 deviates from the incident position of the light to be detected, and the baffle below the light passing notch moves to the incident position of the light to be detected to block the light to be detected outside the optical assembly of the instrument.
It should be noted that the physical shielding type mechanical switch is not limited to the lever type mechanical switch and the pull type mechanical switch, and other methods for physically shielding the light to be measured are also applicable.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner; those skilled in the art can readily practice the invention as shown and described in the drawings and detailed description herein; however, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims; meanwhile, any changes, modifications, and evolutions of the equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the actual techniques of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A photon injection type weak light detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
active compensation, wherein a certain amount of compensation photons are injected into the photoelectric sensor side actively, so that the total amount of the compensation photons received by the photoelectric sensor is larger than the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor;
and mixed light detection, wherein equivalent compensation photons and light to be detected are simultaneously input into the photoelectric sensor to obtain an undistorted detection signal.
2. The photon-injected weak light detection method according to claim 1, wherein the active compensation specifically comprises:
injecting compensation photons, closing the light to be detected, and injecting a certain amount of compensation photons into the photoelectric sensor, wherein the total amount of the compensation photons received by the photoelectric sensor is greater than the detection limit of the photoelectric sensor;
and acquiring a background signal, namely acquiring an electric signal output by the photoelectric sensor after the injection of the compensation photons, and recording the electric signal as the background signal.
3. The photon-injected weak light detection method according to claim 1, wherein the mixed light detection specifically comprises:
injecting mixed photons, starting light to be detected, and injecting equivalent compensation photons and the light to be detected into the photoelectric sensor;
and acquiring a detection signal, namely acquiring a mixed signal output by the photoelectric sensor after mixed photons are injected, wherein the difference value between the mixed signal and the background signal is an undistorted detection signal.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the light source emits primary photons, the primary photons are attenuated and mixed to become compensation photons, the compensation photons are uniformly emitted into the photosensor, the number of the primary photons is greater than the number of the compensation photons, and the number of the primary photons is in a linear relationship with the number of the compensation photons; primary photons are emitted by a primary photon emitting component, which emits a spectral wavelength range that partially overlaps with the wavelength range over which the photosensor responds.
5. A photon injection type weak light detection device is characterized by comprising a compensation light source, a photoelectric sensor, an optical switch and an electric control assembly; the compensation light source, the photoelectric sensor and the optical switch are electrically connected with the electric control assembly; wherein,
the compensation light source emits primary photons, the primary photons are converted into compensation photons and then enter the photoelectric sensor,
the light to be measured enters the photoelectric sensor after being subjected to light processing, and the optical switch allows or blocks the light to be measured from entering the photoelectric sensor.
6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the primary photons are converted into compensating photons by the mixed light attenuating element, the compensating light source is connected to the mixed light attenuating element, the compensating light source emits the primary photons into the mixed light attenuating element, the mixed light attenuating element converts the primary photons into compensating photons uniformly distributed along the cross section of the mixed light attenuating element, the number of the primary photons is greater than the number of the compensating photons, and the total energy of the compensating photons is greater than the detection limit of the photo sensor.
7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein the mixed light attenuating module is a hollow structure composed of a plurality of light guide plates, the light guide plates include a diffuse reflection layer adhered to a local surface thereof, the primary photons enter the mixed light attenuating module and are reflected by the diffuse reflection layer for multiple times to form uniformly distributed scattered light, and part of the scattered light in the mixed light attenuating module is emitted to the photo sensor as compensation photons.
8. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the optical switch comprises an electronic switch and a mechanical switch, the electronic switch is connected to the electronic control component, the electronic switch is connected to the instrument optical component, and the electronic switch electrically allows or blocks the light to be measured from entering the instrument optical component; the mechanical switch allows or blocks the light to be measured from entering the instrument optical assembly by moving the barrier.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the mechanical switch is a pull-out mechanical switch, and the pull-out mechanical switch comprises a first light barrier, a first return spring, a rail bracket, a first armature and a first electric suction cup; wherein,
a connecting rod extends from a local area at one end of the first light barrier, the first armature is fixedly arranged at the tail end of the connecting rod, and the first return spring is sleeved on the connecting rod; a stop bar is arranged on the guide rail frame and is arranged between the first return spring and the first armature;
two ends of the first light barrier are matched with the guide rail of the guide rail frame, and two ends of the first light barrier move linearly on the guide rail of the guide rail frame; the first electric sucker is fixedly arranged at one end of the guide rail frame, is opposite to the first armature and is positioned on the extension line of the connecting rod;
when the first electric sucker is not electrified, the first reset spring pushes the first light barrier to move, so that the light to be measured enters the instrument optical assembly through the light through hole;
when first electric suction cup circular telegram back, first electric suction cup attracts first armature, first barn door moves along the guide rail, the blend stop hinders first reset spring motion makes it take place to deform, first barn door shelters from the light that awaits measuring and gets into in the instrument optical assembly.
10. The photon injection weak light detecting device according to claim 8, wherein the mechanical switch is a lever type mechanical switch, the lever type mechanical switch includes a second light blocking plate, a fixing frame, a fulcrum cylinder, a second electric suction cup and a second return spring; wherein,
the fulcrum cylinder is fixed on the fixing frame, and a through hole matched with the fulcrum cylinder is formed in the middle of the second light blocking plate; a second armature is fixedly arranged at one end of the second light blocking plate, and the second electric sucker is positioned at the opposite position of the second armature and is fixedly arranged on the fixed frame;
the fixing frame is provided with a fixing block, the fixing block is arranged adjacent to the second electric sucker, and the fixing block fixes the second return spring on the fixing frame;
a light-transmitting notch is formed in the second light-blocking plate, when the second electric sucker is not powered on, the second reset spring drives the second light-blocking plate to rotate around the fulcrum cylinder, and light to be detected enters the optical assembly of the instrument through the light-transmitting notch;
when the second electric sucker is powered on, the second electric sucker attracts a second armature, and the second reset spring drives the second light blocking plate to rotate around the fulcrum cylinder, so that the second light blocking plate blocks light to be detected to enter the instrument optical assembly.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910206757.9A CN109916514A (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | A kind of photon injection type Dim light measurement method and device |
| PCT/CN2019/125395 WO2020186845A1 (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2019-12-13 | Photon injection-type low light detection method and device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910206757.9A CN109916514A (en) | 2019-03-19 | 2019-03-19 | A kind of photon injection type Dim light measurement method and device |
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| WO2020186845A1 (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-09-24 | 谱诉光电科技（苏州）有限公司 | Photon injection-type low light detection method and device |
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| WO2020186845A1 (en) | 2020-09-24 |
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