CN109913758A - Elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109913758A CN109913758A CN201910247207.1A CN201910247207A CN109913758A CN 109913758 A CN109913758 A CN 109913758A CN 201910247207 A CN201910247207 A CN 201910247207A CN 109913758 A CN109913758 A CN 109913758A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
Abstract
Good ferrite stainless steel of elevated temperature strength and forming property of the invention and preparation method thereof, belongs to stainless steel preparation technical field, and the ferrite stainless steel ingredient is by mass percentage, containing C≤0.01%, N≤0.006~0.01%, Si 0.4~0.6%, Cr 18~20%, Mo 1.8~2.1%, Nb 0.2~0.5%, Ti 0.1~0.2%, W 0.4~1.5%, Ce 0.04~0.1%, Mn 0.25~0.35%, S≤0.005%, P≤0.01%, surplus Fe.When preparation, hot rolling and cold rolling are successively successively carried out at the corresponding temperature with after forging by smelting casting, and control reduction ratio and the twice annealing temperature after rolling, cooling obtained elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property.The present invention improves the elevated temperature strength of ferritic stainless steel by the way that appropriate W is added, and provide the rolling mill practice of optimization, it is able to produce the ferrite stainless steel for providing good elevated temperature strength and forming property, is used for the high-temperature work environment of the components such as automobile gas exhausting manifold branch hot end.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to stainless steel manufacturing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of elevated temperature strength and the good iron element of forming property
Body stainless steel plate and preparation method thereof.
Background technique:
Ferritic stainless steel has excellent anti-oxidant, corrosion-resistant and good heat-resistant anti-fatigue performance, is widely used in
The fields such as automobile exhaust system, electric appliance, fuel cell and nuclear power.
With the continuous improvement of automobile exhaust emission standard being increasingly stringenter with fuel efficiency, car tail temperature will lead to
Degree constantly increases.The exhaust manifold local operating temperature being connected directly with engine is up to 950~1050 DEG C, even as high as
1100℃；In view of exhaust manifold structure is complex, it is necessary to have excellent forming property.Therefore, have excellent high strong
Degree and the ferritic stainless steel of forming property have very big demand.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming above-mentioned the shortcomings of the prior art, a kind of elevated temperature strength is provided and forming property is good
Good ferrite stainless steel and preparation method thereof, it is forged, hot rolling, hot-roll annealing, cold by rationally designing the ingredient of material
It rolls and cold rolled annealed processing, elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property is made.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property, including component and mass percentage are C
≤ 0.01%, N 0.006~0.01%, Si 0.4~0.6%, Cr 18~20%, Mo 1.8~2.1%, Nb 0.2~
0.5%, Ti 0.1~0.2%, W 0.4~1.5%, Ce 0.04~0.1%, Mn 0.25~0.35%, S≤0.005%, P
≤ 0.01%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The good ferrite stainless steel of elevated temperature strength and forming property tensile strength sigma at 1100 DEG Cs≥
18MPa, yield strength σ at room temperature0.2For 360~400MPa, tensile strength sigma at room temperaturebFor 570~611MPa, at room temperature
Elongation after fracture δ >=28%, plastic strain ratio average value rm>=1.4, degree of anisotropy Δ r≤0.1 is deformed along rolling direction
15% rear surface roughness average Ra≤1μm。
The preparation method of the good ferrite stainless steel of elevated temperature strength and forming property, comprising the following steps:
(1) by set component smelting molten steel and it being cast into steel ingot, ingredient by mass percentage, contains C≤0.01%,
N0.006~0.01%, Si 0.4~0.6%, Cr 19~20%, Mo 1.9~2.1%, Nb 0.2~0.5%, Ti 0.1~
0.2%, W0.4~1.5%, REM0.04~0.1%, Mn 0.25~0.35%, S≤0.005%, P≤0.01%, surplus are
Fe；
(2) steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is 1200~1250 DEG C, and room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging；
(3) heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled is to 1150~1250 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 1~3h, carries out 6~8 passage hot rollings, open rolling
Temperature is 1100~1150 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 780~930 DEG C, and total reduction is 85~90%, and room is air-cooled to after the completion of hot rolling
Temperature；
(4) hot rolled plate after will be air-cooled makes annealing treatment at 1025~1075 DEG C, and annealing time is 3~8min, later
It is air-cooled to room temperature；
(5) by the cold rolling at room temperature of hot-roll annealing plate, total reduction is 75~85%, 1025~1075 after the completion of cold rolling
It DEG C is made annealing treatment, annealing time is 1~3min, room temperature is air-cooled to after annealing, the elevated temperature strength and forming property of preparation are good
Good ferrite stainless steel.
In the step (2), forging formed slab with a thickness of 40~60mm.
In the step (3), single pass reduction ratio is 20~40% when hot rolling.
In the step (5), single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10% when cold rolling.
In the step (5), the good ferrite stainless steel of elevated temperature strength and forming property of preparation with a thickness of 1~
2mm。
Ingredient restriction reason in the present invention is illustrated, each element content is mass percent in steel.Ferrite stainless
C and N element in steel can reduce r value, elongation percentage and the corrosion resistance of production board.In addition, having between C, N and Cr very strong affine
Power is easy to form the carbide and nitride of chromium with Cr, causes the dilution of chromium, cause the high-temperature oxidation resistance and resistance to intergranular of material
Corrosive nature reduces.If the total content of C and N is more than 0.03%, these negative effects can be showed more obvious.But such as
The total content of fruit C and N are lower than 0.005%, can promote the growth of column crystal solidified structure, resist the crease-resistant energy in surface to production board
Power is unfavorable.It is also contemplated that C element acts on significantly more than N element the ductile failure of ferritic stainless steel, and increasing N content can mention
The intensity of Gao Gang does not reduce the toughness of steel but substantially.Therefore, C content should not be greater than 0.01%, and N content should be controlled 0.006
~0.01%.
Si can play deoxidation in steel, while can also improve antioxygenic property.But it when Si content is more than 1%, can drop
The forming property and plasticity of low production board.Therefore, the control of Si content is 0.4~0.6%.
Cr is to determine the corrosion proof essential element of stainless steel, base electrode current potential can be improved, to significantly improve the resistance to of steel
Corrosive nature.In addition, main component of the Cr as oxidation film, it contributes to form more stable oxidation film, improves under high temperature
Antioxygenic property.But as Cr content increases, the forming property decline of ferritic stainless steel.Therefore, Cr content is limited to
18~20%.
Mo can dramatically increase the stability of steel surface passivating film, it can be prevented by part in harsh erosion environment condition
Breakdown.Mo can also enhance resistance to local corrosion, such as spot corrosion, crevice corrosion, especially have chloride ion in halogen or seawater
In the case of.In addition, Mo can also provide solution strengthening and precipitating reinforcing effect.But Mo amount meeting excessively high in long-time use
Lead to the roughening of precipitated phase, reduces precipitating reinforcing effect.Therefore, the content of Mo is controlled 1.8~2.1%.
Nb is the stabilizing element of carbon, nitrogen, can combine with carbon, nitrogen and form Nb (C, N), it is suppressed that form chromium in steel
Carbon, nitride, improve the intergranular corrosion resistance performance of stainless steel.In addition, Nb can also be improved by solution strengthening and precipitation strength
The elevated temperature strength of ferritic stainless steel.But excessive Nb can cause the roughening of precipitated phase under high temperature, reduce the high temperatures of steel
Energy.Therefore, the control of Nb content is 0.2~0.5%.
Ti is also the stabilizing element of carbon, nitrogen, can combine with carbon, nitrogen and form TiC or TiN, it is suppressed that shape in steel
Carbon, the nitride of Cheng Ge, improves the intergranular corrosion resistance performance of stainless steel.If Ti amount is excessively high, due to excessive coarse TiC or
The processing performance for reducing material is precipitated in TiN.Therefore, the content of Ti is controlled 0.1~0.2%.
W is to improve one of effective several alloying elements of matrix heat resistance.Refractory metal tungsten dissolves in matrix, hinders
Atom diffusion, enhance atomic binding forces, therefore can high temperature undertissue keep stability, to improve the heat resistance of steel.In addition, W is first
Element forms precipitated phase in ferritic stainless steel, provides precipitating reinforcing effect.But excess W can cause the roughening of precipitated phase, to height
Warm nature can be unfavorable.Therefore, W content control is 0.4~1.5%.
Rare-Earth Ce can promote the diffusive migration of Cr, be conducive to fine and close Cr2O3The formation of film, improves ferrite stainless
The high-temperature oxidation resistance of steel.But excessive Ce will increase steel inclusion quantity, reduce the toughness of material.Therefore, Ce content
Control is 0.04~0.1%.
Mn can effectively inhibit the oxide skin removing and abnormal oxidation of stainless steel, and the consumption that can also reduce Cr inhibits poor Cr
The formation in area.Excessively high Mn content can destroy the corrosion resisting property and processing performance at room temperature of steel.Therefore, Mn content control exists
0.25~0.35%.
S and P element are all inevitable mixed harmful elements in steel, therefore S content is not higher than 0.005%, and P content is answered
≤ 0.01%.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
It is more than existing steel grade B444M2 using the stainless steel plate elevated temperature strength that preparation method of the invention obtains, and formability
The ferritic stainless steel of B444M2 can be substantially better than.The ferritic stainless steel is particularly suitable in the components such as automobile exhaust system,
The working environment of 1100 DEG C of front and backs can be coped with.
Ferrite stainless steel of the invention since with good elevated temperature strength and processing performance, there is good applicability,
Other than the processed goods for exhaust system part, can be also used for power plant exhaust passageway component use, stainless steel at
Mo element addition in point, additionally it is possible to for being used in corrosion-resistant environment.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is drawing by high temperature specimen size schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel optical microphotograph metallographic of forming property prepared by embodiment 2
Organization chart；
Fig. 3 is elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel optical microphotograph metallographic of forming property prepared by embodiment 7
Organization chart；
Fig. 4 is production board optical microphotograph metallographic structure figure prepared by comparative example 7.
Specific embodiment:
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Standard tensile specimen is made according to GB/T228.1-2010 in the embodiment of the present invention, in CMT5105-SANS microcomputer control
The yield strength σ of material is measured on almighty test machine processed0.2, tensile strength sigmabWith elongation after fracture δ, drawing by high temperature sample
Scale diagrams are as shown in Figure 1.
Stretching experiment is carried out according to national standard GB/T5027-2016 in present example, is controlled in CMT5105-SANS microcomputer
The average plastic strain ratio r of material is measured on almighty test machinem, degree of anisotropy Δ r.Along rolling with plate in 0 °, 45 ° and
90 ° of directions prepare tensile sample, the plastic strain ratio r in all directions when measuring strain 15% on tensile testing machine0°、r45°With
r90°, by rm=(r0+2r45+r90)/4
Computational plasticity strains ratio, and the calculating of degree of anisotropy is then according to Δ r=(r0-2r45+r90)/2 carry out.
Edge is rolled with cold rolled annealed plate in the embodiment of the present invention intercepts standard sample on the direction in 0 °, and specimen surface is used
It successively is milled to light with the waterproof abrasive paper of 240#, 400#, 600#, 800#, 1000#, 1200#, 1500#, 15% is then carried out and stretches
After deformation, using the portable roughness shape measuring instrument of TR300 along measuring with rolling to perpendicular direction in its plate face
Obtain surface average roughness Ra.
Drawing by high temperature sample is fabricated to by production board, on MMS-200 hot modeling test machine, carries out 1100 DEG C of stretching examinations
It tests, strain rate 0.05min-1, measure its tensile strength.
To production board etching pit design parameter in the embodiment of the present invention are as follows: pass through 60%HNO3Aqueous solution of nitric acid electrolysis is rotten
Erosion, voltage 45V, time 60S.
Previous experiments:
Applicant is directed to different finishing temperatures, and different hot-roll annealing temperature is arranged and cold rolled annealed temperature is tested,
Steel plate finished product is obtained, it is final to determine the hot-roll annealing temperature for meeting technical solution and cold rolled annealed temperature model by test performance
It encloses, specific hot-roll annealing temperature is 1025~1075 DEG C, 1025~1075 DEG C of cold rolled annealed temperature.
Embodiment 1
A kind of elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property, ingredient by mass percentage, contain C
0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%,
Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%, P 0.008%, surplus Fe.
Preparation step is as follows: by set component smelting molten steel and being cast into steel ingot, ingredient is by mass percentage are as follows: C
0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%,
Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%, P 0.008%, surplus Fe.Steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is
1200 DEG C, it is forged into 40mm, room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging.Then, the heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled keeps the temperature 1h to 1200 DEG C
Afterwards, 7 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1150 DEG C, 800 DEG C of finishing temperature, is hot-rolled down to 5mm (reduction ratio 87.5%), heat
Rolling single pass reduction ratio is 30%, is air-cooled to room temperature after rolling, hot rolled plate is made.Hot rolled plate is annealed 5min at 1025 DEG C, it is empty
It is cooled to room temperature, is cold-rolled to after mechanical descaling 1mm (reduction ratio 80%), cold rolling single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10%, 1050
DEG C annealing 1min, elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property is made, steel plate tension at 1100 DEG C is strong
Spend σsFor 21MPa, yield strength σ at room temperature0.2For 395MPa, tensile strength sigma at room temperaturebFor 611MPa, at room temperature disconnected
Elongation δ 29.9% afterwards, plastic strain ratio average value rm1.57, degree of anisotropy Δ r0.08, after rolling direction deformation 15%
Surface roughness average Ra0.9μm。
Embodiment 2
A kind of elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property, ingredient by mass percentage, contain C
0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%,
Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%, P 0.008%, surplus Fe.
Preparation step is as follows: by set component smelting molten steel and being cast into steel ingot, ingredient is by mass percentage are as follows: C
0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%,
Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%, P 0.008%, surplus Fe.Steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is
1200 DEG C, it is forged into 40mm, room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging.Then, the heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled keeps the temperature 1h to 1200 DEG C
Afterwards, 7 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1150 DEG C, 800 DEG C of finishing temperature, is hot-rolled down to 5mm (reduction ratio 87.5%), heat
Rolling single pass reduction ratio is 30%, is air-cooled to room temperature after rolling, hot rolled plate is made.Hot rolled plate is annealed 5min at 1050 DEG C, it is empty
It is cooled to room temperature, is cold-rolled to after mechanical descaling 1mm (reduction ratio 80%), cold rolling single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10%, 1050
DEG C annealing 1min, elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property is made, optical microphotograph metallographic structure figure is such as
Shown in Fig. 2, steel plate tensile strength sigma at 1100 DEG CsFor 20MPa, yield strength σ at room temperature0.2For 394MPa, at room temperature
Tensile strength sigmabFor 610MPa, elongation after fracture δ 29.5%, plastic strain ratio average value r at room temperaturem1.62 anisotropy
Δ r-0.09 is spent, deforms 15% rear surface roughness average R along rolling directiona0.92μm。
Embodiment 3
A kind of elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property, ingredient by mass percentage, contain C
0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%,
Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%, P 0.008%, surplus Fe.
Preparation step is as follows: by set component smelting molten steel and being cast into steel ingot, ingredient is by mass percentage are as follows: C
0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%,
Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%, P 0.008%, surplus Fe.Steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is
1200 DEG C, it is forged into 40mm, room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging.Then, the heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled keeps the temperature 1h to 1200 DEG C
Afterwards, 7 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1150 DEG C, 800 DEG C of finishing temperature, is hot-rolled down to 5mm (reduction ratio 87.5%), heat
Rolling single pass reduction ratio is 30%, is air-cooled to room temperature after rolling, hot rolled plate is made.Hot rolled plate is annealed 5min at 1075 DEG C, it is empty
It is cooled to room temperature, is cold-rolled to after mechanical descaling 1mm (reduction ratio 80%), cold rolling single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10%, 1050
DEG C annealing 1min, elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property is made, steel plate tension at 1100 DEG C is strong
Spend σsFor 20MPa, yield strength σ at room temperature0.2For 392MPa, tensile strength sigma at room temperaturebFor 603MPa, at room temperature disconnected
Elongation δ 30.1% afterwards, plastic strain ratio average value rm1.68, degree of anisotropy Δ r0.07, after rolling direction deformation 15%
Surface roughness average Ra0.88μm。
Embodiment 4
A kind of elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property, ingredient by mass percentage, contain C
0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%,
Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%, P 0.008%, surplus Fe.
Preparation step is as follows: by set component smelting molten steel and being cast into steel ingot, ingredient is by mass percentage are as follows: C
0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%,
Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%, P 0.008%, surplus Fe.Steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is
1200 DEG C, it is forged into 40mm, room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging.Then, the heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled keeps the temperature 1h to 1200 DEG C
Afterwards, 7 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1100 DEG C, 900 DEG C of finishing temperature, is hot-rolled down to 6mm (reduction ratio 85%), hot rolling
Single pass reduction ratio is 20%, is air-cooled to room temperature after rolling, hot rolled plate is made.Hot rolled plate is annealed 6min at 1050 DEG C, it is air-cooled
It to room temperature, is cold-rolled to after mechanical descaling 1mm (reduction ratio 83.3%), cold rolling single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10%, 1025
DEG C annealing 1min, elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property is made, steel plate tension at 1100 DEG C is strong
Spend σsFor 21MPa, yield strength σ at room temperature0.2For 390MPa, tensile strength sigma at room temperaturebFor 609MPa, at room temperature disconnected
Elongation δ 29.3% afterwards, plastic strain ratio average value rm1.52, degree of anisotropy Δ r0.05, after rolling direction deformation 15%
Surface roughness average Ra0.48μm。
Embodiment 5
A kind of elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property, ingredient by mass percentage, contain C
0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%,
Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%, P 0.008%, surplus Fe.
Preparation step is as follows: by set component smelting molten steel and being cast into steel ingot, ingredient is by mass percentage are as follows: C
0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%,
Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%, P 0.008%, surplus Fe.Steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is
1200 DEG C, it is forged into 40mm, room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging.Then, the heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled keeps the temperature 1h to 1200 DEG C
Afterwards, 7 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1100 DEG C, 900 DEG C of finishing temperature, is hot-rolled down to 6mm (reduction ratio 85%), hot rolling
Single pass reduction ratio is 20%, is air-cooled to room temperature after rolling, hot rolled plate is made.Hot rolled plate is annealed 6min at 1050 DEG C, it is air-cooled
It to room temperature, is cold-rolled to after mechanical descaling 1mm (reduction ratio 83.3%), cold rolling single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10%, 1050
DEG C annealing 1min, elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property is made, steel plate tension at 1100 DEG C is strong
Spend σsFor 21MPa, yield strength σ at room temperature0.2For 387MPa, tensile strength sigma at room temperaturebFor 600MPa, at room temperature disconnected
Elongation δ 29.2% afterwards, plastic strain ratio average value rm1.56, degree of anisotropy Δ r 0.02, along rolling direction deformation 15%
Rear surface roughness average Ra0.35μm。
Embodiment 6
A kind of elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property, ingredient by mass percentage, contain C
0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%,
Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%, P 0.008%, surplus Fe.
Preparation step is as follows: by set component smelting molten steel and being cast into steel ingot, ingredient is by mass percentage are as follows: C
0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%,
Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%, P 0.008%, surplus Fe.Steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is
1200 DEG C, it is forged into 40mm, room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging.Then, the heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled keeps the temperature 1h to 1200 DEG C
Afterwards, 7 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1100 DEG C, 900 DEG C of finishing temperature, is hot-rolled down to 6mm (reduction ratio 85%), hot rolling
Single pass reduction ratio is 20%, is air-cooled to room temperature after rolling, hot rolled plate is made.Hot rolled plate is annealed 6min at 1050 DEG C, it is air-cooled
It to room temperature, is cold-rolled to after mechanical descaling 1mm (reduction ratio 83.3%), cold rolling single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10%, 1075
DEG C annealing 1min, elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property is made, steel plate tension at 1100 DEG C is strong
Spend σsFor 20MPa, yield strength σ at room temperature0.2For 383MPa, tensile strength sigma at room temperaturebFor 596MPa, at room temperature disconnected
Elongation δ 29.8% afterwards, plastic strain ratio average value rm1.63, degree of anisotropy Δ r0.09, after rolling direction deformation 15%
Surface roughness average Ra0.47μm。
Embodiment 7
A kind of elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property, ingredient by mass percentage, contain C
0.007%, N 0.007%, Cr 19.5%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.44%, Mo 1.95%, W 0.58%, Si 0.50%,
Mn 0.32%, Ce 0.056%, S 0.004%, P 0.009%, surplus Fe.
Preparation step is as follows: by set component smelting molten steel and being cast into steel ingot, ingredient is by mass percentage are as follows: C
0.007%, N 0.007%, Cr 19.5%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.44%, Mo 1.95%, W 0.58%, Si 0.50%,
Mn 0.32%, Ce 0.056%, S 0.004%, P 0.009%, surplus Fe.Steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is
1200 DEG C, it is forged into 60mm, room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging.Then, the heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled keeps the temperature 1h to 1200 DEG C
Afterwards, 7 passage hot rollings are carried out, start rolling temperature is 1150 DEG C, 900 DEG C of finishing temperature, is hot-rolled down to 6mm (reduction ratio 90%), hot rolling
Single pass reduction ratio is 30%, is air-cooled to room temperature after rolling, hot rolled plate is made.Hot rolled plate is annealed 4min at 1050 DEG C, it is air-cooled
It to room temperature, is cold-rolled to after mechanical descaling 1.5mm (reduction ratio 75%), cold rolling single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10%, 1050
DEG C annealing 1min, elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property is made, optical microphotograph metallographic structure figure is such as
Shown in Fig. 3, steel plate tensile strength sigma at 1100 DEG CsFor 18MPa, yield strength σ at room temperature0.2For 382MPa, at room temperature
Tensile strength sigmabFor 588MPa, elongation after fracture δ 31.2%, plastic strain ratio average value r at room temperaturem1.59 anisotropy
Δ r0.04 is spent, deforms 15% rear surface roughness average R along rolling directiona0.66μm。
Comparative example 1
By ferrite stainless steel set component (C 0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti of embodiment 1
0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%, Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%,
P 0.008%, surplus Fe) smelting molten steel and it is cast into steel ingot, steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is 1200 DEG C, forging
40mm is caused, room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging.Then, the heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled is to 1200 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 1h, carries out 7
Passage hot rolling, start rolling temperature are 1150 DEG C, 800 DEG C of finishing temperature, are hot-rolled down to 5mm (reduction ratio 87.5%), hot rolling single pass
Reduction ratio is being 30%, is air-cooled to room temperature after rolling, hot rolled plate is made.Hot rolled plate is annealed 5min at 950 DEG C, is air-cooled to room
Temperature is cold-rolled to 1mm (reduction ratio 80%) after mechanical descaling, and cold rolling single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10%, is annealed at 1050 DEG C
Ferrite stainless steel is made in 1min, the yield strength σ of the steel plate at room temperature0.2For 403MPa, tensile strength at room temperature
σbFor 627MPa, elongation after fracture δ 26.3%, plastic strain ratio average value r at room temperaturem1.27, degree of anisotropy Δ r
0.35,15% rear surface roughness average R is deformed along rolling directiona 1.70μm。
Comparative example 2
By ferrite stainless steel set component (C 0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti of embodiment 1
0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%, Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%,
P 0.008%, surplus Fe) smelting molten steel and it is cast into steel ingot, steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is 1200 DEG C, forging
40mm is caused, room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging.Then, the heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled is to 1200 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 1h, carries out 7
Passage hot rolling, start rolling temperature are 1150 DEG C, 800 DEG C of finishing temperature, are hot-rolled down to 5mm (reduction ratio 87.5%), hot rolling single pass
Reduction ratio is being 30%, is air-cooled to room temperature after rolling, hot rolled plate is made.Hot rolled plate is annealed 5min at 1000 DEG C, is air-cooled to room
Temperature is cold-rolled to 1mm (reduction ratio 80%) after mechanical descaling, and cold rolling single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10%, is annealed at 1050 DEG C
Ferrite stainless steel is made in 1min, the yield strength σ of the steel plate at room temperature0.2For 396MPa, tensile strength at room temperature
σbFor 613MPa, elongation after fracture δ 27.9%, plastic strain ratio average value r at room temperaturem1.36, degree of anisotropy Δ r
0.23,15% rear surface roughness average R is deformed along rolling directiona1.34μm。
Comparative example 3
By ferrite stainless steel set component (C 0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti of embodiment 1
0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%, Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%,
P 0.008%, surplus Fe) smelting molten steel and it is cast into steel ingot, steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is 1200 DEG C, forging
40mm is caused, room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging.Then, the heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled is to 1200 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 1h, carries out 7
Passage hot rolling, start rolling temperature are 1150 DEG C, 800 DEG C of finishing temperature, are hot-rolled down to 5mm (reduction ratio 87.5%), hot rolling single pass
Reduction ratio is 30%, is air-cooled to room temperature after rolling, hot rolled plate is made.Hot rolled plate is annealed 5min at 1100 DEG C, is air-cooled to room temperature,
It is cold-rolled to after mechanical descaling 1mm (reduction ratio 80%), cold rolling single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10%, anneals at 1050 DEG C
Ferrite stainless steel is made in 1min, the yield strength σ of the steel plate at room temperature0.2For 390MPa, tensile strength at room temperature
σbFor 600MPa, elongation after fracture δ 30.3%, plastic strain ratio average value r at room temperaturem1.72, degree of anisotropy Δ r
0.16,15% rear surface roughness average R is deformed along rolling directiona 0.89μm。
Comparative example 4
By ferrite stainless steel set component (C 0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti of embodiment 1
0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%, Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%,
P 0.008%, surplus Fe) smelting molten steel and it is cast into steel ingot, steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is 1200 DEG C, forging
40mm is caused, room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging.Then, the heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled is to 1200 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 1h, carries out 7
Passage hot rolling, start rolling temperature are 1100 DEG C, 900 DEG C of finishing temperature, are hot-rolled down to 6mm (reduction ratio 85%), hot rolling single pass pressure
Lower rate is 20%, is air-cooled to room temperature after rolling, hot rolled plate is made.Hot rolled plate is annealed 6min at 1050 DEG C, is air-cooled to room temperature, machine
It being cold-rolled to after tool de-scaling 1mm (reduction ratio 83.3%), cold rolling single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10%, in 950 DEG C of annealing 1min,
Ferrite stainless steel is made, the yield strength σ of the steel plate at room temperature0.2For 430MPa, tensile strength sigma at room temperaturebFor
643MPa, elongation after fracture δ 17.4% at room temperature, plastic strain ratio average value rm1.03, degree of anisotropy Δ r-0.21, edge
Rolling direction deforms 15% rear surface roughness average Ra0.73μm。
Comparative example 5
By ferrite stainless steel set component (C 0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti of embodiment 1
0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%, Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%,
P 0.008%, surplus Fe) smelting molten steel and it is cast into steel ingot, steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is 1200 DEG C, forging
40mm is caused, room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging.Then, the heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled is to 1200 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 1h, carries out 7
Passage hot rolling, start rolling temperature are 1100 DEG C, 900 DEG C of finishing temperature, are hot-rolled down to 6mm (reduction ratio 85%), hot rolling single pass pressure
Lower rate is 20%, is air-cooled to room temperature after rolling, hot rolled plate is made.Hot rolled plate is annealed 6min at 1050 DEG C, is air-cooled to room temperature, machine
It is cold-rolled to after tool de-scaling 1mm (reduction ratio 83.3%), cold rolling single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10%, anneals at 1000 DEG C
Ferrite stainless steel is made in 1min, the yield strength σ of the steel plate at room temperature0.2For 398MPa, tensile strength at room temperature
σbFor 617MPa, elongation after fracture δ 25.6%, plastic strain ratio average value r at room temperaturem1.21, degree of anisotropy Δ r-
0.11,15% rear surface roughness average R is deformed along rolling directiona0.53μm。
Comparative example 6
By ferrite stainless steel set component (C 0.008%, N 0.008%, Cr 19.4%, Ti of embodiment 1
0.14%, Nb 0.45%, Mo 2.03%, W 1.03%, Si 0.52%, Mn 0.35%, Ce 0.049%, S 0.005%,
P 0.008%, surplus Fe) smelting molten steel and it is cast into steel ingot, steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is 1200 DEG C, forging
40mm is caused, room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging.Then, the heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled is to 1200 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 1h, carries out 7
Passage hot rolling, start rolling temperature are 1100 DEG C, 900 DEG C of finishing temperature, are hot-rolled down to 6mm (reduction ratio 85%), hot rolling single pass pressure
Lower rate is 20%, is air-cooled to room temperature after rolling, hot rolled plate is made.Hot rolled plate is annealed 6min at 1050 DEG C, is air-cooled to room temperature, machine
It is cold-rolled to after tool de-scaling 1mm (reduction ratio 83.3%), cold rolling single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10%, anneals at 1100 DEG C
Ferrite stainless steel is made in 1min, the yield strength σ of the steel plate at room temperature0.2For 383MPa, tensile strength at room temperature
σbFor 591MPa, elongation after fracture δ 31.1%, plastic strain ratio average value r at room temperaturem1.72, degree of anisotropy Δ r0.18,
15% rear surface roughness average R is deformed along rolling directiona 0.85μm。
Comparative example 7
Using produce at present and practical application B444M2 type 5mm hot rolled plate as contrast material, ingredient is by mass percentage
Are as follows: C 0.007%, N 0.007%, Cr 19.3%, Ti 0.14%, Nb 0.46%, Mo 2.05%, Si 0.57%, Mn
0.29%, S 0.005%, P0.01%, remainder are Fe and inevitable impurity.5mm hot rolled plate is moved back at 1000 DEG C
Fiery 10min is air-cooled to room temperature, is cold-rolled to 1mm after mechanical descaling, and in 1000 DEG C of annealing 2min, production board, optical microphotograph is made
Metallographic structure figure is as shown in figure 4, steel plate tensile strength at 1100 DEG C is 14MP, yield strength σ at room temperature0.2For
360MPa, tensile strength sigma at room temperaturebFor 569MPa, elongation after fracture δ 28.1% at room temperature, plastic strain ratio average value
rm1.31, degree of anisotropy Δ r0.25 deform 15% rear surface roughness average R along rolling directiona0.94μm。
Forming property:
The forming property and mechanical property of above-described embodiment 1~7, the production board obtained with comparative example 1~7, such as 1 institute of table
Show.
Meet average plastic strain ratio r simultaneouslym>=1.4, degree of anisotropy △ r < 0.1, surface roughness average Ra <
1 μm, the case where elongation after fracture >=28%, is set as qualified (zero), and ungratified situation is unqualified (×).
Evaluation result
From table 1 and elevated temperature strength test result, clearly learn, ingredient and the preparation method production designed according to the present invention
Ferrite stainless steel, forming property and elevated temperature strength are substantially better than the B444M2 ferrite stainless for producing and applying at present
Steel.
Table 1
Claims (7)
1. a kind of elevated temperature strength and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property, which is characterized in that including component and quality hundred
Divide content for C≤0.01%, N0.006~0.01%, Si0.4~0.6%, Cr18~20%, Mo1.8~2.1%, Nb0.2~
0.5%, Ti0.1~0.2%, W0.4~1.5%, Ce0.04~0.1%, Mn0.25~0.35%, S≤0.005%, P≤
0.01%, surplus Fe.
2. elevated temperature strength according to claim 1 and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property, which is characterized in that institute
The good ferrite stainless steel of elevated temperature strength and forming property stated tensile strength sigma at 1100 DEG Cs>=18MPa, at room temperature
Yield strength σ0.2For 360~400MPa, tensile strength sigma at room temperaturebFor 570~611MPa, elongation after fracture at room temperature
δ >=28%, plastic strain ratio average value rm>=1.4, it is thick to deform 15% rear surface along rolling direction for degree of anisotropy Δ r≤0.1
Rugosity average value Ra≤1μm。
3. the preparation method of elevated temperature strength described in claim 1 and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property, feature
It is, comprising the following steps:
(1) by set component smelting molten steel and it is cast into steel ingot, ingredient by mass percentage, contains C≤0.01%, N
0.006~0.01%, Si 0.4~0.6%, Cr 19~20%, Mo 1.9~2.1%, Nb 0.2~0.5%, Ti 0.1~
0.2%, W 0.4~1.5%, REM0.04~0.1%, Mn 0.25~0.35%, S≤0.005%, P≤0.01%, surplus are
Fe；
(2) steel ingot is forged into slab, forging temperature is 1200~1250 DEG C, and room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of forging；
(3) heating of plate blank after will be air-cooled is to 1150~1250 DEG C, after keeping the temperature 1~3h, carries out 6~8 passage hot rollings, start rolling temperature
It is 1100~1150 DEG C, finishing temperature is 780~930 DEG C, and total reduction is 85~90%, and room temperature is air-cooled to after the completion of hot rolling；
(4) hot rolled plate after will be air-cooled makes annealing treatment at 1025~1075 DEG C, and annealing time is 3~8min, air-cooled later
To room temperature；
(5) by the cold rolling at room temperature of hot-roll annealing plate, total reduction is 75~85%, after the completion of cold rolling 1025~1075 DEG C into
Row annealing, annealing time are 1~3min, are air-cooled to room temperature after annealing, and elevated temperature strength and the good iron of forming property is made
Ferritic stainless steel plate.
4. the preparation method of elevated temperature strength according to claim 3 and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property,
Be characterized in that, in the step (2), forging formed slab with a thickness of 40~60mm.
5. the preparation method of elevated temperature strength according to claim 3 and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property,
It is characterized in that, in the step (3), single pass reduction ratio is 20~40% when hot rolling.
6. the preparation method of elevated temperature strength according to claim 3 and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property,
It is characterized in that, in the step (5), single pass reduction ratio is no more than 10% when cold rolling.
7. the preparation method of elevated temperature strength according to claim 3 and the good ferrite stainless steel of forming property,
It is characterized in that, in the step (5), the good ferrite stainless steel of elevated temperature strength and forming property of preparation is with a thickness of 1
~2mm.
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