CN109907727B

CN109907727B - Medical anus dilator

Info

Publication number: CN109907727B
Application number: CN201910314390.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩雪静; 徐晓宁; 刘娟
Original assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2019-04-18
Filing date: 2019-04-18
Publication date: 2021-05-18
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-18
Also published as: CN109907727A

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of medical auxiliary equipment of general surgery department, in particular to a medical anus dilator. Comprises a body, a guide cap, a binding ring and a sphincter relaxing mechanism for controlling the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the body; the body is composed of a plurality of floating strips which can be encircled into a cylinder shape together, one end of each floating strip is hinged on the guide cap, the other end of each floating strip is arranged on the binding ring in a sliding mode, and the middle of each floating strip is also provided with an operation window; the sphincter relaxs the mechanism and includes contraction unit and expansion unit, and contraction unit establishes the outside membrane cover that tightens up of body and direction cap for the cover, and expansion unit includes lock ring and pivot, is equipped with first bellying in the pivot, is equipped with the second bellying in the inboard of the slat that floats, and first bellying can be along with the continuous rotation of pivot and contradict the cooperation with all second bellyings in proper order discontinuously. The invention can relieve the pain in the process of anal dilatation and reduce the damage to the anal sphincter caused by the anal dilator in the process of examination, treatment or operation.

Description

Medical anus dilator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical auxiliary equipment of general surgery department, in particular to a medical anus dilator.

Background

The anus dilator is a common auxiliary instrument for the department of general anorectal surgery, is used for propping open the anus and the anal canal of a patient so as to be placed into an examination and treatment instrument or a foot-remaining surgery space, and has an important function in the examination, treatment or surgery of the department of general anorectal surgery.

The anal dilator in the prior art generally comprises a straight cylindrical body and a conical guide cap arranged at the end part of the body. When in use, the main body of the anus dilator is slowly inserted into the anus to the anal canal by the guide cap at the front end of the anus dilator, and then an examination and treatment instrument is arranged in the inner cavity of the main body or an operation space is formed by the inner cavity of the main body. Such an anal dilator has the following problems: on one hand, the diameter of the anus dilator body is usually larger, so that the body part of the anus dilator is difficult to smoothly enter the anus even under the guiding action of the guiding cap, and a patient feels severe pain in the inserting process. In the operation process of partial anal dilatation, medical personnel can even adopt fingers to open the anus part first and then integrally insert the anal dilator, thereby causing the over-large transient stress of the sphincter muscle, generating the tearing of the sphincter muscle and being not beneficial to postoperative recovery. On the other hand, the anal dilator in the prior art is tightly attached to the inner wall of the anal canal in the checking, treating or operating process, the fixed supporting mode of the anal dilator in the prior art prevents the contraction and the relaxation of the sphincter at the position of the anus along with the breathing of the patient or the driving of other muscle groups, the sphincter is easily and chronically damaged due to long-time rigid fixation, the postoperative fecal incontinence of the patient is caused, and the recovery period of the disease is prolonged.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a medical anal dilator to relieve the pain in the process of anal dilatation and reduce the damage to anal sphincter caused by the anal dilator in the process of examination, treatment or operation.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a medical anus dilator comprises a cylindrical and expandable body, a guide cap arranged at one end of the body, a collar arranged at the other end of the body and a sphincter relaxing mechanism used for controlling the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the body; the guide cap is conical, the large end is connected with the body, and the small end is in a shape of a smooth arc with a surface convenient for inserting into an anus; the body is composed of a plurality of floating strips which can be encircled into a cylinder shape together, one end of each floating strip is hinged on the guide cap, the other end of each floating strip is arranged on the binding ring in a sliding mode, and the middle of each floating strip is also provided with an operation window; sphincter lax mechanism is including the expansion unit that is used for the shrink unit of control body shrink and control body inflation, the shrink unit is established the outside membrane cover that tightens up of body and direction cap for the cover, expansion unit is including dismantling the lock ring of connection in the lock ring and the rotatable pivot of setting in the lock ring hole, be equipped with first bellying in the pivot, inboard at the slat that floats is equipped with the second bellying, first bellying can be along with the continuous rotation of pivot and conflict the cooperation with all second bellyings in proper order discontinuously to control body rhythmicity inflation.

Preferably, a sliding rod is arranged in the middle of one end, connected with the binding ring, of the floating ribbon board, and a strip-shaped sliding groove for the sliding rod to insert and to slide along the radial direction of the binding ring is correspondingly formed in the binding ring.

Preferably, a spring which can pull the sliding rod towards the radial outside of the binding ring is arranged in the strip-shaped sliding groove, and the pulling force of the spring and the contraction force of the tightening film sleeve are matched with each other to ensure that all floating strips in the operation state are in a dynamic balance state.

Preferably, one end of the rotating shaft is provided with a first ball head, and a hemispherical support groove for the first ball head to be in running fit is formed in the guide cap; the other end of the rotating shaft is provided with a poking disc, and the outer edge of the poking disc is provided with a finger hole for a finger to penetrate so as to poke the rotating shaft to rotate.

Preferably, the second bulge is arranged at the position of one end of the floating slat close to the collar, and the second bulge and the first bulge are both arc-shaped.

Preferably, a plurality of second protrusions are arranged on any floating lath at intervals along the circumferential direction of the body.

Preferably, the support ring comprises an inner ring and an outer ring which are concentrically distributed, the inner ring and the outer ring are fixedly connected through a plurality of connecting rods, an inner hole of the inner ring is used for supporting the rotating shaft to rotate, and a plurality of positioning protrusions which are used for being matched with positioning grooves arranged on the inner edge of the binding ring are arranged on the outer edge of the outer ring at intervals.

Preferably, any one of the floating strips is provided with a U-shaped groove, and the U-shaped grooves on two adjacent floating strips form an operation window together.

Advantageous effects

The anus dilator body of the invention is composed of a plurality of floating strips, one end of the floating strips is hinged with the guide cap, and the other end is arranged in the binding ring in a sliding way. Thereby in the in-process of continuously rotating the pivot for the body can be in the pivot on the first bellying with float inboard second bellying touch and extrusion fit down along circumference inflation one by one, and after first bellying and the separation of second bellying, float the lath and can retract automatically under the effect of tightening up the membrane cover again. Thereby form the body and constantly follow the rhythmic inflation shrink of its circumference to form continuous massage effect to anus and anal canal position, do benefit to the relaxation of corresponding position sphincter, and then the insertion of the body of being convenient for alleviates patient's sense of pain.

Because the front end of the floating ribbon board is hinged with the guide cap, the floating amplitude of the body is gradually increased from the guide cap to the binding ring. Therefore, the anus and the anal canal of the patient can be gradually and controllably enlarged, and the anal sphincter gradually adapts to the opening amplitude of the body. And because the body is in continuous expansion and contraction in the anus expanding process, the whole anal canal sphincter inserted into the body is covered, but not only the sphincter at the anus position, so that the whole anal canal part at the position to be checked or treated can be effectively loosened, the anal fissure phenomenon is avoided, and the pain of a patient is relieved.

In the process of examination, treatment or operation after the anus is expanded, instruments can be arranged in the inner cavity of the body only by taking out the rotating shaft and the support ring, and examination or manual treatment can be carried out through the operation window arranged on the floating strip plate. In a preferred embodiment, a spring which can pull the sliding rod towards the radial outside of the binding ring is arranged in the strip-shaped sliding groove, the pulling force of the spring is matched with the contraction force of the tightening film sleeve so that all floating laths in an operation state are in a dynamic balance state, and the anal sphincter muscle at the operation position and the nearby position can still contract or relax along with the breathing of a patient or the driving of other muscle groups, so that the long-time rigid fixation is avoided, the injury is small, and the recovery of a patient after the operation is quick.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the floating flight assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 5;

the labels in the figure are: 1. the device comprises a first protruding portion, a second protruding portion, a driving disc, a finger hole, a supporting ring 501, an inner ring, a connecting rod 502, a 503 outer ring, a 6 strip-shaped sliding groove, a 7 spring, an 8 binding ring, a 9 sliding rod, a 10 operating window, an 11 floating lath, a 12 tightening film sleeve, a 13 rotating shaft, a 14 first ball head, a 15 hemispherical supporting groove, a 16 guiding cap, a 17, a body, a 18 second ball head, a 19 positioning protrusion, a 20 positioning groove.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 2, the medical anal dilator of the present invention, like the anal dilator of the prior art, comprises a conical guide cap 16 and a cylindrical body 17. The large end of the guide cap 16 has a diameter less than or equal to the diameter of the body 17 and is adapted to be connected to the end of the body 17. The small end of the guide cap 16 is in the shape of a smooth arc, which is shaped to facilitate insertion into the anus and to guide the body 17 into the anal canal.

Different from the prior art, the body 17 of the invention is composed of eight floating strips 11, the eight floating strips 11 jointly enclose into an arc shape, the upper ends of the eight floating strips are hinged with the end surface of the large end of the guide cap 16, and the lower ends of the eight floating strips are all slidably inserted into one binding ring 8. Above-mentioned structure makes body 17 have the expandable basis to can form continuous massage effect to the sphincter of anus and anal canal position along the inflation and the shrink of self circumference rhythm nature under the effect of sphincter lax mechanism, do benefit to the relaxation of corresponding position sphincter, and then the insertion of the body 17 of being convenient for alleviates patient's sense of pain. After the body 17 is inserted into the anal canal to complete the anal dilatation, necessary examination, treatment or surgical instruments can be arranged in the inner cavity of the body 17, and the examination or treatment can be carried out by the instruments through the operation window 10 arranged on the floating strip plate 11. An independent operation window 10 can be arranged on any floating lath 11. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, any one of the floating strips 11 has a u-shaped groove, and the u-shaped grooves of two adjacent floating strips 11 together form an operation window 10, so as to increase the area of the operation window 10, thereby facilitating the implementation of complex medical devices.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the sphincter relaxing mechanism includes a contracting unit for controlling contraction of the body 17 and an expanding unit for controlling expansion of the body 17.

The contraction unit is a tightening film sleeve 12 sleeved outside the body 17 and the guide cap 16, the tightening film sleeve 12 is made of a thin silica gel material and closely covers the lower half part of the guide cap 16 and the large part of the body 17, and the positions, corresponding to all the operation windows 10, on the tightening film sleeve 12 are hollowed out. The tightening film sleeve 12 has the function of providing a tightening restoring force for the expanded floating lath 11 and keeping the rhythmical expansion and contraction of the body 17; on the other hand, the joint of the guide cap 16 and the floating ribbon 11 can be covered, so that the joint is prevented from being clamped to the anus or anal canal during expansion and contraction, and unnecessary injury is avoided.

The expansion unit comprises a support ring 5 detachably connected in the collar 8 and a rotary shaft 13 rotatably arranged in an inner hole of the support ring 5. A first bulge part 1 is arranged on the rotating shaft 13 at a position which is positioned in the inner cavity of the body 17 and is close to the binding ring 8, and two or more second bulge parts 2 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the body 17 at corresponding positions on the inner side of the floating ribbon 11. The first projection 1 and the second projection 2 are both smoothly arc-shaped in the fitting direction. The first convex part 1 has a larger convex amplitude, and a far point of the first convex part only has a small clearance with the inner wall of the body 17 so as to avoid friction. The second boss 2 has a small projection width, thereby allowing a sufficient space for the medical instrument to enter from the lower end of the body 17. Through the structure, when the rotating shaft 13 is continuously rotated towards the same direction and rotates, the first protruding parts 1 and all the second protruding parts 2 are in sequential intermittent abutting or extrusion fit, when the first protruding parts 1 are in contact with the second protruding parts 2 and are in abutting extrusion, the thrust of the first protruding parts 1 overcomes the tightening force of the collecting film sleeves on the floating slats 11 at the corresponding positions, and the corresponding floating slats 11 expand correspondingly; after the first boss 1 is disengaged from the second boss 2, the floating strip 11 in the corresponding position is retracted into the body 17 and is flush with the other floating strips 11 by the tightening of the film sleeve 12. Thereby achieving the rhythmic expansion and contraction of the body 17 driven by the sphincter relaxer mechanism, and further massaging the sphincter at the anus and anal canal to relax the sphincter.

The support ring 5 in this embodiment includes an inner ring 501 and an outer ring 503 which are concentrically distributed, the inner ring 501 and the outer ring 503 are connected and fixed by three connecting rods 502, an inner hole of the inner ring 501 is used for supporting the rotation of the rotating shaft 13, as shown in fig. 5, a plurality of positioning protrusions 19 are arranged at intervals on the outer edge of the outer ring 503, a positioning groove 20 which does not penetrate through the inner ring is arranged from bottom to top on the inner edge of the binding ring 8, the support ring 5 is integrally connected to the binding ring 8 through the matching of the positioning protrusions 19 and the positioning groove 20, the support ring 5 can be conveniently and quickly taken down after the body 17 is inserted into the anal canal, and various medical instruments are put into the. A first ball head 14 is arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft 13, and a hemispherical support groove 15 for the first ball head 14 to be in running fit is arranged in the guide cap 16; the other end of pivot 13 is equipped with dials dish 3, offers at the outer fringe of stirring dish 3 and supplies the finger to penetrate in order to stir pivot 13 pivoted finger hole 4, the medical personnel of being convenient for operate.

The concrete linking mode between the floating lath 11 and the binding ring 8 is as follows: as shown in fig. 3, a sliding rod 9 is arranged in the middle of the lower end of the floating slat 11, and a second ball head 18 is further fixedly arranged at the lower end of the sliding rod 9. As shown in fig. 4, eight strip-shaped sliding grooves 6 are correspondingly formed on the binding ring 8, and the sliding rods 9 are respectively inserted into the sliding grooves and slide along the radial direction of the binding ring 8. The specific structure of the strip-shaped sliding groove 6 is shown in fig. 5 and 6, the inner space of the strip-shaped sliding groove 6 is large for the second ball head 18 to slide freely, and the width of the notch is smaller than the diameter of the second ball head 18, so as to prevent the sliding rod 9 from sliding out of the strip-shaped sliding groove 6. A spring 7 is arranged between the outer end of the strip-shaped sliding groove 6 and the sliding rod 9, two ends of the spring 7 are respectively and fixedly connected with the end part of the strip-shaped sliding groove 6 and the sliding rod 9, and the spring 7 is in a stretching state and has a tendency of pulling the sliding rod 9 towards the radial outside of the binding ring 8. So that the tension of the spring 7 and the contraction force of the tightening film sleeve 12 are matched to make all the floating strips 11 in the operation state in a dynamic balance state. The function is as follows: when the expansion unit is removed for operation, the anal sphincter muscle at the operation position and the nearby position can still contract or relax along with the breathing of the patient or the driving of other muscle groups under the action of dynamic balance, so that the long-time rigid fixation is avoided, the damage is small, and the postoperative patient can recover quickly.

In the specific application of the invention, firstly, lubricating oil is uniformly coated on the peripheries of the guide cap 16 and the body 17, the support ring 5 is arranged in the binding ring 8, and the rotating shaft 13 is inserted, so that the first ball head 14 on the rotating shaft 13 is inserted into the hemispherical support groove 15. The smaller guide cap 16 is then inserted through the anus into the anal canal and the forward end portion of the body 17 is inserted into the anus with the sphincter constricted and with greater continued insertion resistance. Medical personnel can hold body 17 back end with the left hand, and the right hand finger inserts in order to stir pivot 13 in the finger hole 4 and continuously rotate at the uniform velocity towards same direction, massages the sphincter of anus position through the rhythmic inflation shrink of body 17 and relaxs, treats after it relaxs again with body 17 slowly promote in to the anal canal. The rotation of the shaft 13 is maintained during the pushing process, on the one hand, the sphincter muscle in the advancing direction of the body 17 is gradually and controllably increased, so that the anal sphincter muscle is gradually adapted to the extent of the distraction of the body 17. On the other hand, the body 17 can massage and relax the sphincter at the position of the anal canal to cover the whole anal canal to be inserted, thereby relieving the pain of the patient and avoiding the muscle from tearing. Finally, after the body 17 is completely inserted, the support ring 5 is taken down from the binding ring 8, medical equipment is arranged in the inner cavity of the body 17 through the lower open end of the body 17, and the floating strip-shaped plate continuously keeps a floating state under the action of the collecting film sleeve and the spring 7, so that the long-time rigid fixation of the anal canal is avoided.

Claims

1. A medical anus dilator is characterized in that: comprises a cylindrical and expandable body (17), a guide cap (16) arranged at one end of the body (17), a collar (8) arranged at the other end of the body (17) and a sphincter relaxing mechanism for controlling the rhythmical expansion and contraction of the body (17); the guide cap (16) is conical, the large end is used for being connected with the body (17), and the small end is in a shape of a smooth arc with the surface convenient for inserting into an anus; the body (17) is composed of a plurality of floating strips (11) which can jointly enclose into a cylinder shape, one end of each floating strip (11) is hinged on the guide cap (16), the other end of each floating strip is arranged on the binding ring (8) in a sliding mode, and the middle of each floating strip (11) is further provided with an operation window (10); sphincter relaxs the mechanism and includes the expansion unit that is used for the shrink unit of control body (17) shrink and control body (17) inflation, the shrink unit is established tightening up membrane cover (12) outside body (17) and direction cap (16) for the cover, the expansion unit is including dismantling lock ring (5) of connection in lock ring (8) and rotatable pivot (13) of setting in lock ring (5) hole, be equipped with first bellying (1) on pivot (13), inboard at unsteady slat (11) is equipped with second bellying (2), first bellying (1) can be along with the continuous rotation of pivot (13) and conflict the cooperation in proper order with all second bellying (2) discontinuously to control body (17) rhythmical inflation.

2. The medical anal dilator according to claim 1, wherein: a sliding rod (9) is arranged in the middle of one end of the floating batten (11) connected with the binding ring (8), and a strip-shaped sliding groove (6) for the sliding rod (9) to insert and to slide along the radial direction of the binding ring (8) is correspondingly arranged on the binding ring (8).

3. The medical anal dilator according to claim 2, wherein: the strip-shaped sliding groove (6) is internally provided with a spring (7) which can pull the sliding rod (9) towards the radial outside of the binding ring (8), and the pulling force of the spring (7) is matched with the contraction force of the tightening film sleeve (12) so as to ensure that all floating slats (11) in the operation state are in a dynamic balance state.

4. The medical anal dilator according to claim 1, wherein: a first ball head (14) is arranged at one end of the rotating shaft (13), and a hemispherical support groove (15) for the first ball head (14) to be in running fit is arranged in the guide cap (16); the other end of the rotating shaft (13) is provided with a poking disc (3), and the outer edge of the poking disc (3) is provided with a finger hole (4) for a finger to penetrate so as to poke the rotating shaft (13) to rotate.

5. The medical anal dilator according to claim 1, wherein: the second bulge (2) is arranged at the position, close to one end of the binding ring (8), of the floating batten (11), and the second bulge (2) and the first bulge (1) are both arc-shaped.

6. The medical anal dilator according to claim 5, wherein: a plurality of second convex parts (2) are arranged on any one floating lath (11) at intervals along the circumferential direction of the body (17).

7. The medical anal dilator according to claim 1, wherein: the support ring (5) comprises an inner ring (501) and an outer ring (503) which are concentrically distributed, the inner ring (501) and the outer ring (503) are fixedly connected through a plurality of connecting rods (502), an inner hole of the inner ring (501) is used for supporting the rotating shaft (13) to rotate, and a plurality of positioning protrusions (19) which are used for being installed in a positioning groove (20) arranged in the inner edge position of the binding ring (8) in a matched mode are arranged on the outer edge of the outer ring (503) at intervals.

8. The medical anal dilator according to claim 1, wherein: any one floating strip (11) is provided with a U-shaped groove, and the U-shaped grooves on two adjacent floating strips (11) form an operation window (10) together.