CN211094331U

CN211094331U - Operation channel pipe with adjustable pipe diameter

Info

Publication number: CN211094331U
Application number: CN201720873029.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑杨; 郑兴
Original assignee: Sihong Zhengxin Medical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Sihong Zhengxin Medical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-07-17
Filing date: 2017-07-17
Publication date: 2020-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2027-07-17

Abstract

The utility model provides an operation passageway pipe with adjustable pipe diameter, including expansion support piece, expansion piece and control, through expansion support piece swing joint between the expansion piece, form the operation passageway pipe with adjustable pipe diameter jointly. The operation channel tube with the adjustable tube diameter can realize the expansion of the operation channel tube, and compared with the existing operation channel tube, the operation channel tube can smoothly enter a human body with smaller outer diameter of a pipeline and then expand the outer diameter of the pipeline. The invention can conveniently expand the operation channel to be thicker through a thinner cavity channel, is more convenient for operation, and can not cause tissue damage because of forcefully propelling a thicker operation channel tube. The operation channel tube with the adjustable tube diameter has the advantages of reasonable structural design, convenient use, easy implantation, strong expansion capability and small tissue damage.

Description

Operation channel pipe with adjustable pipe diameter

Technical Field

The invention relates to a surgical channel tube with an adjustable tube diameter.

Background

Minimally invasive surgery mainly based on a cavity mirror technology is widely developed clinically, although methods of the professional minimally invasive surgery are different, a surgery channel is established in the first step of the surgery. The operation without natural channel, such as laparoscope, percutaneous nephroscope, arthroscope, etc., needs to puncture the body surface and put in the operation channel tube for the endoscope and operation instrument to enter. Flexible subcutaneous connective and muscular tissue is encountered during lancing of body surface tissue, with greater resistance being provided by larger hole diameters. After breaking through the layer of flexible tissue, the internal organs almost without resistance can be encountered, and the internal organs are very fragile and tender and difficult to stop bleeding once lost. Therefore, the medical accidents that the holes are punctured on the body surface and the internal important organs are punctured frequently in clinic due to the fact that the holes are too forcefully braked.

There are natural orifices available for surgery, such as ureteroscopy, urethroscope, gastroscope, choledochoscope, etc. Although no puncture is required on the body surface, the body cavity is generally small and tiny, and the sphincter muscle closes "water-tightly". Taking the ureter as an example, the ureter is about 250 to 300mm long and 5 to 7mm wide on average, and it is not difficult to pass a ureteroscope with a diameter of 5mm by the reason, but actually it is very difficult to pass a ureteroscope with a diameter of 3 mm. Because there are three very short physiological stenoses in the ureter, the narrowest is located at the intramural section that enters the bladder wall, with a diameter of about 1-2 mm and a length of about 4 mm.

In the process of inserting the ureteroscope, the wall inner section of the ureter can be elongated, the inner diameter is thinner, the ureteroscope is gradually and firmly sleeved with the ureteroscope, and then the inner section of the ureter wall is easy to tear off when the ureteroscope is forcibly advanced. Therefore, the resistance encountered during the mirror entering needs to be 'proper and proper', and the strong mirror is avoided.

The ureteroscope used all over the world at present generally exceeds 3mm in diameter due to the fact that the narrow inner section of the ureter wall is closed, and great difficulty is caused to clinical diagnosis and treatment. Even if the ureteroscope is so thin, it is difficult for an unskilled doctor to insert a ureter having a diameter of 5-7mm and often tear the ureter apart.

The reason for this analysis is that since the ureter is composed of the annular smooth muscle and the longitudinal smooth muscle, when the outer diameter of the endoscope exceeds the inner diameter of the narrow section of the ureter, the endoscope is tightly surrounded by the narrow section annular smooth muscle, and a friction force is generated between the two. The thicker the endoscope, the tighter it is held by the annular smooth muscle cuff, and the greater the friction force on entry into the scope. The physician needs to provide more thrust to overcome this friction, but this can cause excessive traction of the longitudinal smooth muscle, which can cause the ureter to tear once its upper limit of tolerance is exceeded.

The breakage of the ureter indicates that the doctor gives a large pushing force at the moment and can feel empty on hands, but in actual operation, the doctor focuses on a display, and the change of the touch sense is difficult to find in time. Often, the patient needs to be pulled to the urethral orifice at the broken end of the ureter, and even the ureter is pulled out all the way to be discovered. In the case of complete avulsion of a large ureter, repair is often impossible, and even after the repair, serious complications occur at a long term, and the side kidney needs to be excised.

When the flexible ureteroscope is used, in order to facilitate the flexible ureteroscope to enter and exit and twist, an operation channel is generally established firstly, namely a flexible ureteroscope sheath with the diameter of about 4mm is inserted firstly, and 3 narrow sections are spread in the whole process. There is a great risk in establishing the channel, and the establishment is also the key to success or failure of the ureter soft lens operation. Currently, surgeons use balloon dilation or a combination of progressively increasing dilation tubes to create a lateral force to gradually dilate the circulating smooth muscle. The former has the disadvantages of being expensive and the balloon is generally short, only being able to dilate a stenosis. The latter has the disadvantage of requiring gradual expansion using multiple expansion tubes from thin to thick. The pipelines for expansion are thick, so that large resistance is generated when the pipelines are repeatedly passed in and out, the ureter can be torn off, the ureter and mucosa are repeatedly rubbed, serious damage is easily caused, and ureter stenosis is easily caused after the operation.

Once the balloon or dilation tube is removed, the circular smooth muscle contracts and narrows. The thick hard ureteral sheath needs to be put in time for continuous expansion, and the possibility of tearing off the ureter still exists at the moment.

Surgical forceps commonly used in hospitals and various laparoscopic instruments commonly use locking teeth to lock the opening angle of the jaws, thereby maintaining the expansion or closure. One end of the trigger or secondary handle is hinged to the primary handle and can be laterally offset by a small amount while rotating along the axis of rotation. The locking tooth has one inclined plane and one vertical plane, and the depth of the vertical tooth slot is about 2 mm. When the trigger or the auxiliary handle is close to the main handle, the inclined surfaces of the locking teeth are mutually contacted and easily pass through. The back vertical surfaces are contacted with each other, so that the sliding is not easy to slip. When unlocking, the elastic offset of the trigger or the auxiliary handle is only required to exceed 2 mm. How to successfully expand at one time, avoid repeated placement of the pipeline and not generate traction on the longitudinal smooth muscle is a problem to be considered and solved in the design process of the surgical channel tube.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a variable-diameter operation channel tube, which solves the problems that the operation channel tube is difficult to enter and is easy to generate large traction damage to a human body cavity channel in the prior art because the operation channel tube is thicker than the human body cavity channel.

The technical solution of the invention is as follows:

a variable-caliber surgical channel tube comprises an expansion support member, an expansion member and a control member; the expansion piece comprises a first expansion piece and a second expansion piece which are long-strip-shaped, the first expansion piece and the second expansion piece are arranged in parallel, the first expansion piece and the second expansion piece are connected through the expansion support piece, and the expansion piece and the expansion support piece form a surgical channel together; the control member is connected to one end of the first expansion member.

Furthermore, the expansion piece adopts a strip-shaped half pipe piece or a strip-shaped flat piece, and one end of the expansion piece is provided with a hole.

Furthermore, the expansion piece is a strip-shaped half pipe piece, a strip-shaped flat piece or a long cylinder, and one end of the expansion piece is provided with a connecting piece.

Further, the control part comprises a fixed pipe and a handle, and at least one fixing part for fixing the expansion part is arranged in the pipe wall of the fixed pipe.

Furthermore, the handle is a cylindrical part fixedly connected with the fixed pipe, a pull rope is arranged on the handle, one end of the pull rope is connected with the expansion part, and the other end of the pull rope is connected with the trigger; the handle is provided with an arc ring, the arc ring is provided with locking teeth for locking the trigger, and the arc ring is provided with a sleeve for limiting the movement of the inhaul cable.

Furthermore, the handle is a tubular handle, a pull cable is arranged on the handle, one end of the pull cable is connected with the expansion piece, and the other end of the pull cable is connected with the sliding block; the section of the sliding block is in an I shape, and the sliding block penetrates through the inner wall and the outer wall of the handle; the handle is provided with a sliding groove for the sliding of the sliding block, and the sliding groove is provided with locking teeth for locking the sliding block.

Furthermore, the expansion supporting piece is a hard rod, the end points of the expansion supporting piece are rotatably connected with the same side of two adjacent expansion pieces, the expansion supporting piece and the expansion pieces form an operation channel together, and the expansion supporting piece can incline towards the long axis direction of the expansion pieces, and the inclination angle is 0-180 degrees.

Furthermore, the expansion supporting piece is a flexible soft rod, the end point of the expansion supporting piece is rotatably connected with the same side of two adjacent expansion pieces, the expansion supporting piece and the expansion pieces form an operation channel together, and an expansion supporting tube is arranged in the operation channel.

Furthermore, the expansion supporting piece is an outer sleeve made of soft materials and an expansion supporting tube made of hard materials, the outer sleeve wraps the expansion piece, the outer sleeve and the expansion piece form an operation channel together, and the expansion supporting tube is arranged in the operation channel.

Furthermore, the expansion supporting pipe is a thin-wall pipeline which is made of hard materials and soft materials wrapped outside the hard materials, the outer wall of the expansion supporting pipe is coated with lubricating materials, and one end of the expansion supporting pipe is provided with a bell mouth.

Furthermore, an inner core is arranged in the expansion supporting pipe, the inner core is a hollow pipeline, one end of the inner core is provided with a round and smooth soft conical tip, and the other end of the inner core is provided with a bayonet buckled with the bell mouth of the expansion supporting pipe.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the operation channel tube with the adjustable tube diameter can smoothly enter a human body with smaller outer diameter, can enlarge an operation channel after passing through a narrow human body cavity, can successfully expand at one time, avoids repeatedly putting in a pipeline, and has no risk of pulling and tearing off the human body cavity. The operation channel tube with the adjustable tube diameter has the advantages of reasonable structural design, low cost, simple structure and convenient use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a surgical access tube with adjustable tube diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an enlarged diameter surgical access tube with an adjustable diameter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an exploded view of an expansion member and expansion support according to one embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a control member according to an embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a caliber-adjustable surgical access tube using a dilating plate;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a caliber-adjustable surgical access tube using a tubular handle according to a third embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a third slider according to an embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an enlarged diameter surgical access tube with a fifth embodiment of an expandable support tube;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of an expanding support tube in the fifth embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of the inner core of the dilating support tube of the fifth embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic assembled view of an adjustable diameter surgical access tube with a fifth embodiment of an expandable support tube;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a caliber adjustable surgical access tube with six elastic sheaths according to an embodiment;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of a six elastic sheath caliber adjustable surgical access tube according to an embodiment;

wherein: 1-an expansion support member, 2-an expansion member, 3-a control member, 4-a slide block and 5-an expansion support pipe;

11-a rigid expansion support, 12-a bendable expansion support;

21-first extender, 22-second extender, 23-hole;

31-fixed tube, 32-handle, 33-groove, 34-pull cable, 35-sleeve, 36-trigger locking tooth, 37-trigger, 38-slide block locking tooth, 39-slide block sliding groove;

41-slide block inner liner, 42-slide block outer liner, 43-slide block middle beam and 44-tubular handle;

51-an expansion supporting pipe body, 52-a bell mouth, 53-an inner core, 54-an inner core tip, 55-an inner core bayonet,

61-coat, 62-staff gauge

Detailed Description

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example one

An operation channel tube with adjustable tube diameter, as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, comprises an expansion supporting member 1, an expansion piece 2 and a control member 3, wherein the expansion piece 2 comprises two first expansion pieces 21 and two second expansion pieces 22 which are long strips, the two expansion pieces are the same in structure and size and are half tube sheets, and the two expansion pieces are arranged in parallel. The connecting member of the expansion elements is open at one end, and the open ends of both expansion elements are on one side. The first expansion piece 21 and the second expansion piece 22 are connected through the expansion support piece 1, the expansion support piece 1 is a hard straight rod 11, and a plurality of paired expansion support pieces are arranged on two sides of the two expansion pieces in parallel and form an operation channel together with the two expansion pieces. The fixing member on the fixing tube 3 is a groove 33.

As shown in fig. 4, the control member 3 includes a fixing tube 31 and a handle 32, the fixing tube 31 is a thick-walled pipe, and a groove 33 for fixing the expansion member is formed in the wall of the fixing tube 31. The groove 33 is sized to the expansion element and is securely connected after insertion and can be pulled out with force. The handle 32 is a cylindrical member fixedly connected to the fixed tube 31 and provided with a trigger 37 and a loop. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the handle, trigger and arc may be configured to be readily grippable like a pistol.

The handle 32 is provided with a pull cable 34, and one end of the pull cable 34 is connected with the hole of the second expansion element 22. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the cable may be provided with a structure for facilitating connection, including a hook, a ball, a rod or a catch. The above structure can be conveniently connected with the hole and can be conveniently disconnected.

The other end of the cable 34 is connected to a trigger 37; the trigger may be locked with a locking tooth 36 on the loop to maintain tension in the cable 34. The arc ring is provided with a sleeve 35 for limiting the movement of the inhaul cable. The pull cable 34 is limited to move in the sleeve 35, so that the operation is prevented from being interfered, and the appearance is attractive.

As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the conventional operation channel technique generally pushes the channel tube longitudinally along the body cavity by applying force, the longitudinal smooth muscle is stressed greatly, and the annular smooth muscle to be expanded is stressed limitedly. Even if the longitudinal smooth muscle is violently torn off, the circular smooth muscle is not significantly dilated.

The operation channel tube with the adjustable tube diameter can enlarge the body cavity, compared with the prior art, the operation channel tube can enter the body more smoothly with smaller outer diameter, can enlarge the operation channel after passing through the narrow body cavity, can successfully expand at one time, and avoids repeatedly placing the operation channel into the tube. And the transverse expansion of the human body cavity is obvious, no obvious longitudinal traction exists, and the risk of breaking the human body cavity is avoided. The operation channel tube with the adjustable tube diameter has the advantages of reasonable structural design, low cost, simple structure and convenient use.

The specific principle of the operation channel tube with the adjustable tube diameter is as follows:

the human body cavity is of a pipeline structure, the cross section can be circular or elliptical, but the inner circumference of the cross section is relatively fixed and limited by the circumference of the circular smooth muscle, and the inner circumference of the human body cavity is C. Resistance is encountered when the cross-sectional outer diameter of the endoscope exceeds C.

The stent support 1 may be inclined along the major axis of the stent, and assuming that the angle of inclination between the stent support 1 and the major axis of the first stent 21 is θ, the angle of inclination θ may be 0 degrees or 180 degrees to bring two stents arranged in parallel together. Assuming that the arc length of the outer wall cross section of the expansion piece is 1, the tube wall thickness is d, the outer circumference of the operation channel tube with adjustable tube diameter is the sum of the width and the tube wall thickness of the two expansion pieces, and the minimum outer circumference when the operation channel tube is contracted is C1, C1 is 21+4d, as shown in fig. 1. When the inclination angle theta is 90 degrees, the outer circumference of the surgical channel tube with adjustable tube diameter is the largest, which is the sum of the widths of the two expansion pieces and the lengths of the two expansion supports, the length of the expansion support between the two expansion pieces is set as h, the maximum outer circumference of the surgical channel tube when the surgical channel tube is expanded is set as C2, and C2 is 21+4d +2h, as shown in fig. 2.

The operation steps of the operation channel tube with the adjustable tube diameter are as follows:

the operator pinches the two expansion elements together. If an elastic jacket is used, the elastic contraction force of the jacket can automatically lean the two expansion pieces together. At this time, the operation channel tube is maintained at about the minimum outer peripheral diameter C1, and can pass through the body cavity channel relatively smoothly. After reaching the preset position, the expansion piece with the relatively exposed connecting hole is used as the first expansion piece 21 and is inserted into the groove 33 of the control piece 3, so that the two are tightly connected.

The pulling cable 34 is connected with the hole 23 on the second expansion piece 22, and the second expansion piece 22 is pulled to move. After the operation is completed, the pull cord is disconnected from the hole 23. Pulling the trigger 37 drives the cable 34 to pull the second expansion piece 22, and drives the hard expansion support 11 to rotate along the long axis of the first expansion piece 21, and gradually expands the distance between the two expansion pieces.

When the inclination angle theta reaches 90 degrees, the porous end of the second expansion element 22 abuts against the wall of the fixed tube 31, so that the hard expansion support 11 cannot rotate further, and the operation channel tube is expanded to the maximum outer peripheral diameter C2. The trigger 37 is locked to the trigger locking tooth 36, maintaining the maximum outer peripheral diameter at this time. The tilt angle θ can also be maintained at any angle less than 90 degrees to avoid damage from over-expansion.

The first expansion piece 21 is fixed during the expansion process, the second expansion piece 22 is transversely expanded outwards and slightly expanded longitudinally, the stretching length of the circular smooth muscle is 2h × sin theta, and the stretching length of the longitudinal smooth muscle is h × cos theta.

During operation, a part of the expansion piece and the expansion support piece can be kept outside the body, and the size of theta can be observed from the part of the expansion piece and the expansion support piece so as to judge the expansion degree. When the expansion resistance is met, the trigger 37 can be locked at the current position, expanded for a certain time and then expanded and locked on the next locking tooth, so that the purpose of gradual expansion is achieved. After the expansion is satisfactory, the trigger 37 is locked, the establishment of the operation channel is completed, and the operation instrument is conveniently placed.

After the procedure is completed, the surgical access tube is withdrawn, and the trigger 37 is disengaged from the locking tooth 36, allowing the cable 34 to relax. If the inclination angle theta does not reach 90 degrees, the adduction force of the annular smooth muscle and the elastic outer sleeve is automatically pressed inwards, the distance between the two expansion pieces is reduced, and the inclination angle theta is continuously reduced until the minimum outer peripheral diameter C1 of the operation channel tube is recovered. Therefore, the inclination angle theta reaches 90 degrees, the first expansion piece 21 can be pulled outwards or the second expansion piece 22 can be pushed inwards, so that the inclination angle theta is reduced, and the tube taking is convenient.

If the internal articles such as the drainage tube and the like need to be reserved in the operation channel, the inclined angle theta can be maintained at a certain angle by locking the trigger, so that the clamping of the contents of the reserved operation channel such as the drainage tube and the like is avoided, and the operation channel tube is slowly taken out.

In the operation of the embodiment, the longitudinal smooth muscle is not damaged, and the annular smooth muscle can be prevented from being damaged due to the fact that the maximum risk value of the inclination angle theta is preset according to calculation.

Example two

The second embodiment has substantially the same structure as the first embodiment, and the difference is that: the first expansion element 21 and the second expansion element 22 are both in the form of elongate flat pieces, as shown in fig. 5.

EXAMPLE III

The third embodiment is similar to the first embodiment in principle, except that the fixed pipe is not perpendicular to the handle, but the fixed pipe is extended to form the handle, the tubular handle 44 is provided with the pull cable 34, one end of the pull cable 34 is connected with the second expansion piece 22 or the expansion support piece 1, and the other end of the pull cable 34 is connected with the slide block 4. The section of the sliding block 4 is in an I shape, the sliding block 4 penetrates through the inner wall and the outer wall of the handle 44, the sliding block outer lining 42 is arranged on the outer side of the handle 44, and the sliding block inner lining 41 is arranged on the inner side of the handle 44. The slider inner liner 41 and the slider outer liner 42 are connected by a slider middle beam 43, and the slider 4 is movably connected to the wall of the handle 44 by the three components. The slider middle beam 43 is connected with the pull cable 34, and the slider 4 pulls the pull cable 34 when sliding. The handle 44 is provided with a sliding groove 39 for sliding the slider 4, and the sliding groove 39 is provided with a locking tooth 38 for locking the slider 4. The locking teeth 38 are comb-like structures, the openings of the locking teeth face the sliding grooves 39, the distance between the teeth is slightly larger than the thickness of the sliding block middle beam 43, the sliding block middle beam 43 can be conveniently screwed into the teeth from the sliding grooves 39, and therefore the inhaul cable 34 is locked.

The using method of the third embodiment is similar to the principle of the first embodiment: the difference is that instead of using a trigger, the slide 4 is used to lock the tilt angle theta. When the expansion is satisfactory, or when the inclination angle θ reaches a predetermined value between 0 and 90 degrees, the center sill 43 of the slider 4 is rotated from the slide groove 39 into the locking tooth 38 to be caught. The locking can be released by rotating the center bar 43 of the slider 4 from the locking tooth 38 into the slide groove 39.

The slider liner 41 is a thin-walled arcuate tab that prevents the slider from disengaging from the handle. The outer lining 42 of the slide block is an arc-shaped sheet with thick wall, which is convenient for the operator to push.

Example four

The fourth embodiment is substantially the same as the third embodiment except that the connecting slider 4 and the second expansion element 22 is not a pull cable 34 but a push-pull rod. The push-pull rod is movably connected between the first and second expansion members and can pull the second expansion member 22 to expand and push the second expansion member 22 in a reverse direction to reposition it.

EXAMPLE five

The fifth embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment in structure, and is an operation channel tube with an adjustable tube diameter and an expansion support tube, and the difference is that: the expansion support member is a flexible rod 12, and the operation channel is established in two steps, wherein the first step is the same as the first embodiment, and the second step is the step of further expanding the expansion support tube 5 by being placed in the established operation channel, as shown in fig. 8.

The surgical access tube created in embodiments one through four is not a perfect circle, the area of which is the largest in a graph of the same perimeter. The cross section of the operation channel can be further enlarged by further arranging the expanding support tube with the right circular cross section.

Because the expansion is in two steps, the first expansion step does not need to be maximized and a narrower expansion member can be used. If the cylindrical expansion piece is used, the diameter of the cylinder is set as d, the minimum outer circumference of the operation channel tube can be 3.14d +2d as the cylinder circumference plus the diameter when the operation channel tube is contracted, and therefore the operation channel can enter the human body cavity more conveniently.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the expandable support tube 5 is a hard thin-walled tube, one end of the expandable support tube 5 has a bell mouth 52, the tube body 51 is circular or oval, and the outer wall is coated with a lubricating material. The expansion supporting tube 5 can be completely made of hard materials, can also be a thin-wall pipeline made of soft materials wrapping hard rings, and has certain flexibility while not affecting the supporting capability. Flare 52 may facilitate the insertion of surgical instruments into the channel.

An inner core 53 is arranged in the expanding and supporting tube 5, the inner core 53 is a hollow pipeline, one end of the inner core 53 is provided with a round soft conical tip 54, and the damage to surrounding tissues is reduced while the front channel is expanded. The other end of the inner core 53 is provided with a bayonet 55 which is buckled with the flared mouth 52 of the expanding support pipe. The inner core 53 can be inserted into the expanding support tube 5, and the bayonet 55 and the bell mouth 52 are buckled, so that the inner core 53 and the expanding support tube are connected into a whole. The inner core 53 exposes out of the soft and smooth tapered tip 54 at the other end of the expansion support tube 5, so that the flexible soft rod 12 and the inner wall of the body lumen can be pushed away laterally, and the expansion support tube 5 can be pushed forward in the body lumen conveniently.

The expandable support tube 5 is inserted into the established surgical access tube together with the inner core 53 inside, and is further expanded to a desired size, as shown in fig. 11. The inner core 53 is withdrawn leaving the dilating support tube 5 as the final, created, thicker surgical access tube, as shown in figure 8.

As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, the second step of inserting the expandable support tube 5 is similar to the conventional surgical access tube insertion technique in that the access tube is forced to be pushed longitudinally along the body lumen. But with the difference that the present embodiment has now initially established a surgical access tube comprised of the expansion member 2 and the bendable expansion support member 12, and the second expansion step is actually expanding the already initially established surgical access tube. The longitudinal thrust from the expanding stent is mainly borne by the stent member 2 and the flexible stent members 12, rather than by the delicate mucosa within the body lumen.

The operator firstly fixes the expansion element 2 on the fixed tube 3 and locks it to be immovable, and then firmly holds the fixed tube 3 or the expansion element 2 in the hand. The operator holds the expandable support tube 5 with one hand and pushes forward, and holds the fixed tube 3 with the other hand to appropriately apply a backward pulling force in the opposite direction, so as to keep the portion of the expandable member 2 exposed outside the body surface from being inserted deeper into the body together with the expandable support tube 5. The thrust when the expansion supporting tube 5 advances is offset by the back tension of the expansion piece 2, the body cavity has no obvious stress in the longitudinal direction, and the obvious traction and lengthening can not occur, so the longitudinal smooth muscle has no risk of breaking. But the expandable support tube 5 is continuously advanced in the surgical passage tube formed by the expandable member 2 and the flexible expandable support member 12, and the soft tapered tip 54 rounded with the inner core continuously pushes the flexible rod 12 and the inner wall of the body lumen aside. The lateral expansion force provided by the expanded support tube 5 causes the flexible expandable support 12 to flex to conform to the shape of the cross-sectional area of the expanded support tube 5, while stretching the annular smooth muscle to enlarge the surgical passageway.

When the stent is removed after the operation is completed, the operator can hold the stent 5 in one hand and pull it backward, and hold the fixing tube 3 in the other hand to appropriately give a forward pushing force in the opposite direction, so as to keep the portion of the stent 2 which has been inserted into the body from being pulled out of the body together with the stent 5. The pulling force when the expanding support tube 5 is withdrawn is completely offset by the forward pushing force of the expanding piece, the human body cavity has no obvious stress in the longitudinal direction, and the longitudinal smooth muscle can not be excessively pulled. After the expanding support tube 5 is removed, the locking of the expanding piece 2 is released, and the operation channel tube is restored to the state of the minimum outer circumference, thereby being convenient for being pulled out of the body.

EXAMPLE six

The sixth embodiment has basically the same structure as the fifth embodiment, and is an operation channel tube with adjustable tube diameter and an elastic outer sleeve, and the difference is that: instead of the flexible rod 12, the stent support is formed of an outer sheath 61 made of a soft material and a stent tube made of a hard material. The casing 61 has elasticity and a scale 62 on the surface. The outer sleeve 61 can isolate the expansion supporting tube 5 from contacting with the mucosa in the body cavity, so as to better protect the mucosa from being scratched. The scale 62 can facilitate the operator to control the depth of the operation channel tube with adjustable tube diameter entering the human cavity at any time.

During operation, the operation channel is established in two steps, the first step is the same as the first step, and the second step is that the expansion supporting tube 5 is continuously placed in the established operation channel tube for further expansion. The expanding step and the expanding principle of the expanding support tube 5 in this embodiment are substantially the same as those in the fifth embodiment.

The elastic sheath 61 can deform to adapt to the shape of the cross section of the expanding support tube 5 due to the elastic expansion force, and can stretch and expand the annular smooth muscle. After the expanding support tube 5 is removed, the locking of the expanding piece 2 is released, the elastic outer sleeve 61 can automatically furl the expanding piece 2 together, and the operation channel tube is restored to the state of the minimum outer circumference, so that the operation channel tube is convenient to pull out of the body.

EXAMPLE seven

The seventh embodiment has basically the same structure as the sixth embodiment, and is an outer sleeve surgical channel tube with adjustable tube diameter, which is different from the following embodiments: instead of using an elastic material for the outer covering of the expansion support, a membrane made of a soft material with no or limited elasticity is used. The soft film may be thinner and smoother than the elastic casing. Tensile fibers are added into the soft film, so that the outer sleeve is more flexible and is not easy to break. The expanding step and the expanding principle of expanding the support tube 5 in this embodiment are substantially the same as those in the fifth embodiment.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art, and various changes, modifications, equivalents and improvements may be made to the embodiments within the scope of the principle and technical idea of the present invention, and are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An operation passageway pipe with adjustable pipe diameter, its characterized in that: comprises an expansion supporting part, an expansion part and a control part; the expansion pieces comprise at least two long-strip expansion pieces which are arranged in parallel, the expansion pieces are movably connected through the expansion support piece, and the expansion pieces and the expansion support piece form an operation channel together; the control member is connected to one end of the expansion member.

2. A surgical access tube of adjustable tube diameter according to claim 1, wherein: the expansion piece is a strip-shaped half pipe piece, a strip-shaped flat piece or a long cylinder, and one end of the expansion piece is provided with a connecting piece.

3. A surgical access tube of adjustable tube diameter according to claim 1, wherein: the control piece comprises a fixed tube and a handle, and at least one fixing piece for fixing the expansion piece is arranged in the tube wall of the fixed tube.

4. A surgical access tube of adjustable tube diameter according to claim 3, wherein: the handle is a cylindrical piece fixedly connected with the fixed pipe, the handle is provided with a pull rope, one end of the pull rope is connected with the expansion piece, and the other end of the pull rope is connected with the trigger; the handle is provided with an arc ring, the arc ring is provided with locking teeth for locking the trigger, and the arc ring is provided with a sleeve for limiting the movement of the inhaul cable.

5. A surgical access tube of adjustable tube diameter according to claim 3, wherein: the handle is a tubular handle, a pull cable is arranged on the handle, one end of the pull cable is connected with the expansion piece, and the other end of the pull cable is connected with the sliding block; the section of the sliding block is in an I shape, and the sliding block penetrates through the inner wall and the outer wall of the handle; the handle is provided with a sliding groove for the sliding of the sliding block, and the sliding groove is provided with locking teeth for locking the sliding block.

6. A surgical access tube of adjustable tube diameter according to claim 1, wherein: the expansion supporting piece is a hard rod, the end point of the expansion supporting piece is rotatably connected with the same side of two adjacent expansion pieces, the expansion supporting piece and the expansion pieces form an operation channel together, and the expansion supporting piece can incline towards the long axis direction of the expansion pieces, and the inclination angle is 0-180 degrees.

7. A surgical access tube of adjustable tube diameter according to claim 1, wherein: the expansion supporting piece is an expansion supporting tube made of a flexible soft rod and a hard material, the end point of the flexible soft rod is rotatably connected with the same side of two adjacent expansion pieces, the flexible soft rod and the expansion pieces form an operation channel together, and the expansion supporting tube is arranged in the operation channel.

8. A surgical access tube of adjustable tube diameter according to claim 1, wherein: the expansion supporting piece is an outer sleeve made of soft materials and an expansion supporting tube made of hard materials, the outer sleeve wraps the expansion piece, the outer sleeve and the expansion piece form an operation channel together, and the expansion supporting tube is arranged in the operation channel.

9. An adjustable caliber surgical access tube as claimed in claim 7 or 8 wherein: the expansion supporting pipe is a thin-wall pipeline made of a hard ring wrapped by a soft material, the outer wall of the expansion supporting pipe is coated with a lubricating material, and one end of the expansion supporting pipe is provided with a bell mouth.

10. An adjustable caliber surgical access tube as claimed in claim 7 or 8 wherein: the expansion supporting pipe is internally provided with an inner core, the inner core is a hollow pipeline, one end of the inner core is provided with a round and smooth soft conical tip, and the other end of the inner core is provided with a bayonet buckled with a bell mouth of the expansion supporting pipe.