CN109907253A - A kind of preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber Download PDFInfo
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- CN109907253A CN109907253A CN201910199120.1A CN201910199120A CN109907253A CN 109907253 A CN109907253 A CN 109907253A CN 201910199120 A CN201910199120 A CN 201910199120A CN 109907253 A CN109907253 A CN 109907253A
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of preparation methods of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber, including (1) cleaning sea cucumber；(2) blanching draining；(3) sea cucumber: being placed in the bottom of extruding kettle by supercritical fluid extruding, supercritical carbon dioxide fluid is passed through into extruding kettle, while carrying out pressurized circulation, is heated for extruding kettle, and sea cucumber starts extruding；When the two-way pressure difference for detecting extruding kettle is greater than preheating setting pressure, extruding terminates.(4) supercritical drying: for extruding kettle pressure release, pressure is made to reach 0Mpa；For the pressurization of extruding kettle, take the moisture in sea cucumber from extruding kettle out of by supercritical carbon dioxide fluid.The application takes supercritical fluid explosion puffing drying sea cucumber, and whole low temperature process completely retains the nutrition of sea cucumber without any addition.
Description
Technical field
This application involves Holothurian machining technical field more particularly to a kind of preparation methods of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber.
Background technique
The drying of existing sea cucumber includes two kinds, and one kind is heated-air drying or dries naturally, microwave drying etc., and principle is all sharp
It is dried with heat source, the process of heated-air drying generally continues 12 hours or more, and the time is long, and energy consumption is high, and the sea cucumber after drying is general
All over less than normal, before consumption using the dry sea cucumber of heat source, need by 48 hours or more be soaked and high temperature more than 2 hours is stewed
It boils, water-soluble protein is largely lost during sea cucumber is soaked, and is reduced sea cucumber nutrient value, is affected the hair of sea cucumber industry
Exhibition.Another is freeze-drying (also referred to as freeze-drying sea cucumber), and it is 2~3 times of heated-air drying that the energy consumption of freeze-drying is higher,
It is even higher, at the same the sea cucumber being freeze-dried need 8 hours or more be soaked in addition 12 hours or more be soaked can be only achieved food
Purpose, in addition, the sea cucumber excoriation of freeze-drying, color is partially white, and causing consumption market to sea cucumber, there are fake products to doubt
It asks, is also unfavorable for the development of sea cucumber industry.
The method processing sea cucumber of extruding is used in the prior art, and extruding is a kind of processing method of food.Raw material is allowed to add
It depressurizes suddenly in the case where heat, pressurization and is allowed to expand.After heat foods pressurization, unexpected removal external force and heat source make it rapidly
The process of expansion.Detailed process are as follows: processed food is put into closed container, is depressurized suddenly after heating pressurization, in food
Moisture vaporized expanding, make occur many apertures in food, become crisp, become dilated food.
Chinese patent CN102266085, patent name are " a kind of processing method of puffed sea cucumber ", and the high pressure being related to half is certainly
Dynamic bulking machine, the temperature of high pressure swelling are 120 DEG C~200 DEG C, it is also necessary to be added chemical swelling agent, rotation speed reach 120 turns/
Minute, closing when pressure reaches 1Mpa, the technology takes high temperature, destroys the nutrition of sea cucumber, while needing swollen using chemistry
Agent does not meet processing request of the sea cucumber as high-end food materials yet, while pressure is 1Mpa, is not belonging to the extruding of autoclave.
Chinese patent CN101156702, patent name are " production methods of sea cucumber swelling crisp slices ", and it is swollen that is involved is air-flows
Change technology, temperature is at 150 DEG C~220 DEG C, and sea cucumber albumen generates denaturation under high temperature, is difficult to be absorbed by the body, while using gas
At 4m/s, high speed, the sea food flavor of sea cucumber almost loses flow velocity degree.Final high temperature dehydration, heats again, causes
Sea cucumber nutrient destroys.
Summary of the invention
A kind of preparation method for being designed to provide low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber of the application, the application take shooting flow
Body explosion puffing drying sea cucumber, the extruding that the sea cucumber after the process can achieve 50 times or more are soaked rate, reduce sea cucumber
It is soaked the time, whole treatment temperature is no more than 50 DEG C, belongs to low temperature process, whole without any addition, the complete battalion for retaining sea cucumber
It supports.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the application provides a kind of preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber, comprising the following steps:
(1) cleaning sea cucumber: fresh sea cucumber or the sea cucumber being soaked, cleaned sandspit are cut off along abdomen, are removed internal organs, and sea is retained
The peritonaeum muscle of ginseng, cut with a knife disconnected peritonaeum muscle.(2) it blanching draining: in sea cucumber tripping in boiling water, blanching 1~10 minute, drains away the water
It is spare.(3) sea cucumber: being placed in the bottom of extruding kettle by supercritical fluid extruding, is passed through stream of supercritical carbon dioxide into extruding kettle
Body, while pressurized circulation is carried out, when pressure reaches 10~40Mpa in extruding kettle, stop the logical of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid
Enter；For the heating of extruding kettle, so that the ambient temperature of sea cucumber is adjusted to 20~50 DEG C, sea cucumber starts extruding；It is swollen when detecting
When changing the two-way pressure difference of kettle greater than preheating setting pressure, extruding terminates.(4) supercritical drying: for extruding kettle pressure release, reach pressure
To 0Mpa；For the pressurization of extruding kettle, its pressure is made to reach 5Mpa~20Mpa, supercritical carbon dioxide fluid flows out, the water in sea cucumber
Divide and is taken out of from extruding kettle by supercritical carbon dioxide fluid.
As above, wherein in step (3), preheating setting pressure is 1~5Mpa.
As above, wherein step further includes adjusting the pressure of extruding kettle and separating still, and follow to the pressurization of extruding kettle in (4)
Ring, and the temperature of extruding kettle is adjusted, so that sea cucumber obtains drying.
As above, wherein the pressure of adjustment extruding kettle is 13Mpa~30Mpa, and the extruding kettle pressurized circulation time is 10min
~30min, the temperature of extruding kettle are adjusted to 30 DEG C~45 DEG C.
As above, wherein the pressure of adjustment extruding kettle is 15Mpa~20Mpa, and the extruding kettle pressurized circulation time is 15min
~25min, the temperature of extruding kettle are adjusted to 35 DEG C~40 DEG C.
As above, wherein in step (4), pressurizes for extruding kettle, its pressure is made to reach 5Mpa~10Mpa.
As above, wherein the pressure in separating still is adjusted to 5Mpa~6.5Mpa.
As above, wherein the pressure in separating still is adjusted to 5.5Mpa~6.5Mpa.
As above, wherein the acquisition methods of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid are as follows: liquid CO 2 carries out one by high-pressure pump
The pressure of secondary pressurization, carbon dioxide becomes 8Mpa~10Mpa from 2Mpa~3Mpa；One is carried out to the carbon dioxide after primary pressurization
Secondary cooling；Secondary pressurized is carried out to the carbon dioxide after successively cooling down, obtains supercritical carbon dioxide fluid；After secondary pressurized
The supercritical carbon dioxide fluid of acquisition is cooled down twice.
As above, wherein the threshold value of the two-way pressure difference of extruding kettle is set by PLC.
What the application realized has the beneficial effect that:
(1) it uses extruding kettle and expanding treatment is carried out to sea cucumber, the extruding of sea cucumber protein is conducive to absorb, compare
Existing Holothurian machining product, is more advantageous to the absorption of sea cucumber nutrient.
(2) the application whole process low temperature expanding is no more than 50 DEG C, avoids high temperature and stew, sea cucumber is after 30 minutes are soaked
Smooth in taste, chewy texture is full, has the distinctive entrance Q sense of sea cucumber albumen, avoids the mouthfeel of the soft silk floss of current instant holothurian.
(3) filling-material structure for using β Raschig ring is conducive to the pressure release for controlling extruding, avoids in unexpected pressure release
Sea cucumber excoriation and blocking gas vent, while being conducive to the discharge of supercritical fluid.
(4) the application controls the time that extruding terminates by the two-way pressure difference of extruding kettle, preferably controls extruding effect
Fruit.
(5) process time is short, and whole process is no more than 1 hour, and the process time for the sea cucumber that compares at 2 hours or more, protects significantly
Water-soluble sea cucumber nutrient is stayed, the nutrition of sea cucumber and flavor completely retain, without any additive.
(6) product reaches instant holothurian, and be soaked completion for 30 minutes.Avoid the status that sea cucumber is soaked 48 hours.
(7) supercritical fluid is at 20Mpa~30Mpa, and in a short time, pressure is reduced to 0Mpa, shape of the sea cucumber in high pressure
It is depressurized suddenly after state, the moisture in sea cucumber expands suddenly, is taken away by supercritical fluid, achievees the effect that extruding and drying.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The some embodiments recorded in application can also be obtained according to these attached drawings other for those of ordinary skill in the art
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of the preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of preparation system figure of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of extruding kettle used in a kind of preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view of Raschig ring in Fig. 3.
Wherein, 1- liquid CO 2 storage tank, 2- carbon dioxide valve, the first high-pressure pump of 3-, the overcritical titanium dioxide of 4-
Carbon storage tank, 5- First Heat Exchanger, the second high-pressure pump of 6-, the second heat exchanger of 7-, 8- extruding kettle, 9- separating still, 10- refrigerator, 11-
Cold water storage tank, 12- hot water storage tank, 31- supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance, 32- hot water jacket, 33- extruding kettle inner cavity, 34-
Filler kettle, 35- hot water outlet, 36- outlet pressure sensor, the outlet of 37- supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, 38- inlet pressure pass
Sensor, 39- hot water inlet, 41- fixed-wing, 42- packing cavity, 43- support derrick, 44- fixing clasp, 45- Raschig ring.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the present invention
In embodiment, those skilled in the art's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, this application provides a kind of preparation methods of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: cleaning sea cucumber: the sea cucumber for taking fresh sea cucumber or being soaked cleans the sandspit of sea cucumber, with scissors along sea
The abdomen of ginseng is cut off, and removes sea cucumber internal organ, and retain the peritonaeum muscle of sea cucumber, cut with a knife disconnected peritonaeum muscle, so that when sea cucumber blanching
It does not shrink.
Step 2: blanching draining: in sea cucumber tripping in boiling water, blanching 1~10 minute, draining away the water spare.Blanching can make sea
The epidermis of ginseng solidifies, and is destroyed to prevent epidermis in the drying process.Preferably, blanching treatment time is 2~3 minutes.
Step 3: supercritical fluid extruding specifically includes:
Step 31: sea cucumber is placed in the bottom of extruding kettle, is passed through supercritical carbon dioxide fluid into extruding kettle, while into
Row pressurized circulation stops being passed through for supercritical carbon dioxide fluid when extruding kettle two-way pressure reaches 10~40Mpa.
Meanwhile being heated for extruding kettle, so that the ambient temperature of sea cucumber is adjusted to 20~50 DEG C, sea cucumber starts extruding.
Step 32: volume becomes larger after sea cucumber swelling, and extruding kettle two-way pressure difference becomes larger.When extruding kettle two-way pressure difference is greater than
When preheating setting pressure, extruding terminates.Wherein, preheating setting pressure is 1~5Mpa, preferably 1~3Mpa.
Specifically, the acquisition methods of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid are as follows:
The carbon dioxide of liquid is pressurizeed by high-pressure pump, the pressure of carbon dioxide from 2Mpa~3Mpa become 8Mpa~
10Mpa；
Carbon dioxide temperature after pressurization increases, after its temperature is reduced to room temperature by heat exchanger, CO 2 fluid
Temperature becomes 25 DEG C or so from 50 DEG C or so, is fed again into pressurization in high-pressure pump and reaches supercriticality.Supercritical fluid is one
The special fluid of kind, in Near The Critical Point, it has very big compressibility, suitably increase pressure, its density can be made close to one
As liquid density, thus have the performance for dissolving other substances well；
The supercritical carbon dioxide fluid temperature generated after repressurization increases, after again passing by heat exchanger adjustment temperature,
The temperature of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid becomes 35 DEG C or so from 25 DEG C or so, obtains final supercritical carbon dioxide fluid,
It can be passed through in extruding kettle.
Step 4: supercritical drying specifically includes:
Step 41: after overcritical extruding, being the pressure release of extruding kettle, pressure is made to reach 0Mpa.Pressure is released in a short time
It puts, so that sea cucumber is depressurized under the action of supercritical fluid by high pressure conditions suddenly, the moisture in sea cucumber expands suddenly.
Step 42: for the pressurization of extruding kettle, pressure being made to reach 5Mpa~20Mpa, preferably 5Mpa~10Mpa.Surpass after pressurization
Critical carbon dioxide fluid fills sea cucumber.
Step 43: dry.The pressure and pressurized circulation of extruding kettle are adjusted, and adjusts temperature, so that sea cucumber obtains drying.Sea
Moisture in ginseng takes extruding kettle out of by supercritical fluid, into separating still, so that the moisture in sea cucumber be made to be separated.It is swollen
The pressure for changing kettle is adjusted to 13Mpa~30Mpa, preferably 15Mpa~25Mpa, more preferably 15Mpa~20Mpa.Pressurized circulation
Time is 10min~30min, preferably 15min~25min.The temperature of extruding kettle is adjusted to 30 DEG C~45 DEG C, preferably 35 DEG C
~40 DEG C.
After moisture in sea cucumber is brought into separating still by supercritical fluid, by the pressure in separating still be adjusted to 5Mpa~
6.5Mpa, preferably 5.5Mpa~6.0Mpa, so that the moisture that supercritical carbon dioxide fluid is carried is separated.
Sea cucumber after processing above impregnates 30 minutes in the hot water, and it can be served, and moisture content is lower than 5%, side
Just it saves.
As shown in Fig. 2, for a kind of preparation system figure of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber of the present invention, wherein liquid CO 2
Storage tank 1 is connected to by carbon dioxide valve 2 with the first high-pressure pump 3, and the first high-pressure pump 3 connects with supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank 4
Logical, supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank 4 is connected to by First Heat Exchanger 5 with the second high-pressure pump 6, then passes through the second heat exchanger 7 again
It is connected to extruding kettle 8, extruding kettle 8 is connected to separating still 9, and separating still 9 is connected to refrigerator 10, cold water storage tank 11 and the first heat exchange
The connection of device 5, hot water storage tank 12 are connected to the hot water cyclesystem of the second heat exchanger 7 and extruding kettle 8.
Liquid CO 2 storage tank 1 is provided with liquid CO 2, and pressure is generally in 2Mpa~3Mpa, by carbon dioxide
Intake valve 2 controls it and enters in the first high-pressure pump 3, and carbon dioxide is pressurized in the first high-pressure pump 3, which generates a large amount of
Heat, the pressure carbon dioxide after the pressurization of the first high-pressure pump 3 reaches 8Mpa~10Mpa, subsequently into overcritical titanium dioxide
In carbon storage tank 4, then the carbon dioxide after pressurization is passed through in First Heat Exchanger 5, adjusts carbon dioxide by First Heat Exchanger 5
Temperature after, again pass by the second force (forcing) pump 6 pressurization so that carbon dioxide reaches supercriticality, be then passed through second again and change
After hot device 7 adjusts temperature, be passed through in extruding kettle 8, when supercritical carbon dioxide fluid reaches it is a certain amount of after, pressure in extruding kettle
Reach pre-set value, extruding starts, sea cucumber swelling for a period of time after, absorb a large amount of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, extruding
Pressure difference is generated in kettle up and down, after the pressure difference reaches certain value, extruding terminates, and opens the exhaust valve of extruding kettle, overcritical
CO 2 fluid is flowed into separating still 9, and the moisture in sea cucumber is separated, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid is through supercooling
Device 10 is cooled down, and supercritical carbon dioxide fluid after cooling enters in supercritical carbon dioxide storage tank 4, carries out circulation benefit
With, wherein cold water storage tank 11 cools down to supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, and hot water storage tank 12 adjusts to extruding kettle 8 and the second heat exchanger 7
Whole temperature.
As shown in figure 3, being the structural schematic diagram of extruding kettle of the present invention.
Extruding bottom portion is the extruding kettle inner cavity 33 for explosion puffing drying sea cucumber, and the top of extruding kettle inner cavity 33 is detachably pacified
Equipped with filler kettle 34, the hanging basket for being equipped with sea cucumber is installed in lower part, and is separated filler kettle and hanging basket by partition.Extruding kettle
Bottom is equipped with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance 31 and inlet pressure transducer 38, and top is equipped with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid
The periphery of outlet 37 and outlet pressure sensor 36, extruding kettle is equipped with hot water jacket 32, and 32 lower end of hot water jacket is communicated with hot water
Entrance 39, upper end are communicated with hot water outlet 35.
Inlet pressure transducer 38 and outlet pressure sensor 36 are used to measure the pressure in extruding kettle, so that it is determined that extruding
The two-way pressure of kettle is poor, judges the time for the time and end that extruding starts, rather than simple using inlet pressure as standard.
As shown in figure 4, being the schematic top plan view of filler kettle.
The top of filler kettle 34 is outward extended with fixed-wing 41, and the circumferencial direction of fixed-wing 41, which is spaced apart, is equipped with fixing clasp
44, filler kettle 34 is located in extruding kettle inner cavity 33 by the male cooperation on the inner wall of fixing clasp 44 and extruding kettle inner cavity 33.
The inner cavity of filler kettle 34 is equipped with support derrick 43, is supported inside filler kettle 34 by support derrick 43, limits drawing
The space of western ring avoids significantly moving for pressure release moment Raschig ring.The space that support derrick 43 is divided into forms filler
Chamber 42, packing cavity 42 is interior to place multiple Raschig rings, forms fabricated structure.
Wherein it is preferred to which Raschig ring 45 is β Raschig ring, be conducive to supercritical carbon dioxide fluid in the moment point of pressure release
Dissipate impact force.
Wherein it is preferred to which Raschig ring 45 is ceramic raschig rings.
Raschig ring is a kind of random packing with fixed geometry, its shape is simple, highly with the size of diameter
Equal, the material of Raschig ring is divided into: metal, ceramics and plastics etc..Raschig ring filler by different structure stainless steel spiral body structure
At having the function of preventing sea cucumber flavor from losing, it may have effect of the balance supercritical carbon dioxide fluid to the extruding of sea cucumber,
It has the multiple apertures for being spaced apart setting, and fluid may make to pass through.During the pressure relief process, supercritical carbon dioxide fluid is under
Supreme movement, Raschig ring filler can to avoid the moment Raschig ring of pressure release it is mobile formed fluid can direct without hindrance flowing it is logical
Road enables Raschig ring when pressure release sufficiently to play the role of decompression, ensure that pressure release uniformly, so as to avoid overcritical
Fluid moment pressure release and destroy sea cucumber, protect the complete of sea cucumber.
Embodiment 1
12.6 kilograms of sea cucumbers being soaked are taken, clear water rinses 2~3 times, after gutting, drains sea cucumber water with sterilizing cloth
Point, it weighs 10.4 kilograms, it is to be processed.
Boiled 100 DEG C of boiling water, the sea cucumber that tripping in is handled well in spherical heating kettle, while rolling sea cucumber is stirred, until sea cucumber
Until epidermis is hardened, which is taken around 5 minutes, pull out sea cucumber drain away the water cooling it is spare.
Extruding kettle is opened, hanging basket is put into the sea cucumber handled well in lower section, and centre is separated with filter plate, and top is put into filler
Kettle covers locking extruding kettle, opens the heat-exchange system of extruding kettle, and set temperature is 42 DEG C, opens overcritical bulking equipment system,
The temperature of heat exchanger reaches 45 DEG C, opens the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance of extruding kettle, and supercritical carbon dioxide pressure reaches
To 25Mpa, extruding starts, and closes the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance of extruding kettle, and the two-way pressure of record extruding kettle is
25.2Mpa.When detecting that two-way pressure difference is the 2.5Mpa of setting by PLC system, extruding terminates.Time-consuming 27min.
The supercritical carbon dioxide fluid outlet for opening extruding kettle upper end two sides, so that the pressure reduction of extruding kettle is arrived
0Mpa.The supercritical carbon dioxide fluid for adjusting the entrance of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance again makes the pressure of extruding kettle boost
To 6.0Mpa, supercritical carbon dioxide fluid enters separating still and starts the cycle over, and the pressure for controlling separating still is 5.7Mpa, adjusts heat
Water system makes the temperature of extruding kettle reach 37 DEG C, and it is 20min that circulation, which opens supercritical fluid system to start dewatering time,.Sea cucumber
Constipation beam.
Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance is closed, extruding kettle is opened, takes out filler kettle, cleans Raschig ring, takes out sea cucumber,
Weighing: 9.6 kilograms, measurement sea cucumber water content is 3.5%.
Using test: sea cucumber 1 just processed is taken, 1.5 grams, is put into 300ml vacuum cup, pours into the hot water of boiling,
Lid is covered, after 30 minutes, open vacuum cup, pour out sea cucumber, weigh: 28.3 grams, instant, chewy in taste, Q sense is full, has
The distinctive smell of sea cucumber.
Embodiment 2
The sea cucumber being soaked is taken, clear water rinses 3~4 times, after gutting, drains sea cucumber moisture with sterilizing cloth, it weighs, to
Processing.
Boiled 100 DEG C of boiling water, the sea cucumber that tripping in is handled well in spherical heating kettle, while rolling sea cucumber is stirred, until sea cucumber
Until epidermis is hardened, which is taken around 5 minutes, pull out sea cucumber drain away the water cooling it is spare.
Extruding kettle is opened, hanging basket is put into the sea cucumber handled well in lower section, and centre is separated with filter plate, and top is put into filler
Kettle covers locking extruding kettle, opens the heat-exchange system of extruding kettle, and set temperature is 20 DEG C, opens overcritical bulking equipment system,
The temperature of heat exchanger reaches 25 DEG C, opens the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance of extruding kettle, and supercritical carbon dioxide pressure reaches
To 39.8Mpa, extruding starts, and closes the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance of extruding kettle, and the two-way pressure for recording extruding kettle is equal
For 40Mpa.When detecting that two-way pressure difference is the 5Mpa of setting by PLC system, extruding terminates.Time-consuming 20min.
The supercritical carbon dioxide fluid outlet for opening extruding kettle upper end two sides, so that the pressure reduction of extruding kettle is arrived
0Mpa.The supercritical carbon dioxide fluid for adjusting the entrance of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance again makes the pressure of extruding kettle boost
To 6.5Mpa, supercritical carbon dioxide fluid enters separating still and starts the cycle over, and the pressure for controlling separating still is 5.9Mpa, adjusts heat
Water system makes the temperature of extruding kettle reach 37 DEG C, and circulation opens supercritical fluid system and starts dewatering time 18min.Terminate.
Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance is closed, extruding kettle is opened, takes out filler kettle, cleans Raschig ring, takes out sea cucumber.
Using test: taking sea cucumber 1 just processed, 3 grams, be put into 300ml vacuum cup, pour into the hot water of boiling, cover
Good lid, after 30 minutes, open vacuum cup, pour out sea cucumber, weigh: 56.6 grams, instant, chewy in taste, Q sense is full, has sea
Join distinctive smell.
Embodiment 3
The sea cucumber being soaked is taken, clear water rinses 4~5 times, after gutting, drains sea cucumber moisture with sterilizing cloth, it weighs, to
Processing.
Boiled 100 DEG C of boiling water, the sea cucumber that tripping in is handled well in spherical heating kettle, while rolling sea cucumber is stirred, until sea cucumber
Until epidermis is hardened, which is taken around 5 minutes, pull out sea cucumber drain away the water cooling it is spare.
Extruding kettle is opened, hanging basket is put into the sea cucumber handled well in lower section, and centre is separated with filter plate, and top is put into filler
Kettle covers locking extruding kettle, opens the heat-exchange system of extruding kettle, and set temperature is 32 DEG C, opens overcritical bulking equipment system,
The temperature of heat exchanger reaches 35 DEG C, opens the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance of extruding kettle, and supercritical carbon dioxide pressure reaches
To 30Mpa, extruding starts, and closes the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance of extruding kettle, and the two-way pressure of record extruding kettle is
30.2Mpa.When detecting that two-way pressure difference is the 3Mpa of setting by PLC system, extruding terminates.Time-consuming 23min.
The supercritical carbon dioxide fluid outlet for opening extruding kettle upper end two sides, so that the pressure reduction of extruding kettle is arrived
The supercritical carbon dioxide fluid that 0Mpa. adjusts the entrance of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance again makes the pressure of extruding kettle boost
To 6.0Mpa, supercritical carbon dioxide fluid enters separating still and starts the cycle over, and the pressure for controlling separating still is 5.7Mpa, adjusts heat
Water system makes the temperature of extruding kettle reach 37 DEG C, and circulation opens supercritical fluid system and starts dewatering time 15min.Terminate.
Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid entrance is closed, extruding kettle is opened, takes out filler kettle, cleans Raschig ring, takes out sea cucumber.
Using test: taking sea cucumber 1 just processed, 5 grams, be put into 300ml vacuum cup, pour into the hot water of boiling, cover
Good lid, after 30 minutes, open vacuum cup, pour out sea cucumber, weigh: 94.3 grams, instant, chewy in taste, Q sense is full, has sea
Join distinctive smell.
What the application realized has the beneficial effect that:
(1) it uses extruding kettle and expanding treatment is carried out to sea cucumber, the extruding of sea cucumber protein is conducive to absorb, compare
Existing Holothurian machining product, is more advantageous to the absorption of sea cucumber nutrient.
(2) the application whole process low temperature expanding is no more than 50 DEG C, avoids high temperature and stew, sea cucumber is after 30 minutes are soaked
Smooth in taste, chewy texture is full, has the distinctive entrance Q sense of sea cucumber albumen, avoids the mouthfeel of the soft silk floss of current instant holothurian.
(3) filling-material structure for using β Raschig ring is conducive to the pressure release for controlling extruding, avoids in unexpected pressure release
Sea cucumber excoriation and blocking gas vent, while being conducive to the discharge of supercritical fluid.
(4) the application controls the time that extruding terminates by the two-way pressure difference of extruding kettle, preferably controls extruding effect
Fruit.
(5) process time is short, and whole process is no more than 1 hour, and the process time for the sea cucumber that compares at 2 hours or more, protects significantly
Water-soluble sea cucumber nutrient is stayed, the nutrition of sea cucumber and flavor completely retain, without any additive.
(6) product reaches instant holothurian, and be soaked completion for 30 minutes.Avoid the status that sea cucumber is soaked 48 hours.
(7) supercritical fluid is at 20Mpa~30Mpa, and in a short time, pressure is reduced to 0Mpa, shape of the sea cucumber in high pressure
It is depressurized suddenly after state, the moisture in sea cucumber expands suddenly, is taken away by supercritical fluid, achievees the effect that extruding and drying.
Although the preferred embodiment of the application has been described, it is created once a person skilled in the art knows basic
Property concept, then additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments.So it includes excellent that the following claims are intended to be interpreted as
It selects embodiment and falls into all change and modification of the application range.Obviously, those skilled in the art can be to the application
Various modification and variations are carried out without departing from spirit and scope.If in this way, these modifications and variations of the application
Belong within the scope of the claim of this application and its equivalent technologies, then the application is also intended to encompass these modification and variations and exists
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber, which comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning sea cucumber: fresh sea cucumber or the sea cucumber being soaked, cleaned sandspit are cut off along abdomen, are removed internal organs, and are protected
The peritonaeum muscle for staying sea cucumber, cut with a knife disconnected peritonaeum muscle；
(2) it blanching draining: in sea cucumber tripping in boiling water, blanching 1~10 minute, drains away the water spare；
(3) sea cucumber: being placed in the bottom of extruding kettle by supercritical fluid extruding, is passed through stream of supercritical carbon dioxide into extruding kettle
Body, while pressurized circulation is carried out, when pressure reaches 10~40Mpa in extruding kettle, stop the logical of supercritical carbon dioxide fluid
Enter；
For the heating of extruding kettle, so that the ambient temperature of sea cucumber is adjusted to 20~50 DEG C, sea cucumber starts extruding；
When the two-way pressure difference for detecting extruding kettle is greater than preheating setting pressure, extruding terminates；
(4) supercritical drying: for extruding kettle pressure release, pressure is made to reach 0Mpa；
For the pressurization of extruding kettle, its pressure is made to reach 5Mpa~20Mpa, supercritical carbon dioxide fluid flows out, the moisture in sea cucumber
It is taken out of from extruding kettle by supercritical carbon dioxide fluid.
2. the preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (3), preset
Constant-pressure is 1~5Mpa.
3. the preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step is also wrapped in (4)
It includes, the pressure of extruding kettle and separating still is adjusted, and to extruding kettle pressurized circulation, and adjust the temperature of extruding kettle, so that sea cucumber obtains
To drying.
4. the preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the pressure of adjustment extruding kettle
Power is 13Mpa~30Mpa, and the extruding kettle pressurized circulation time is 10min~30min, and the temperature of extruding kettle is adjusted to 30 DEG C~45
℃。
5. the preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the pressure of adjustment extruding kettle
Power is 15Mpa~20Mpa, and the extruding kettle pressurized circulation time is 15min~25min, and the temperature of extruding kettle is adjusted to 35 DEG C~40
℃。
6. the preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be swollen in step (4)
Change kettle pressurization, its pressure is made to reach 5Mpa~10Mpa.
7. the preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the pressure in separating still
It is adjusted to 5Mpa~6.5Mpa.
8. the preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the pressure in separating still
It is adjusted to 5.5Mpa~6.5Mpa.
9. the preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that supercritical carbon dioxide
The acquisition methods of fluid are as follows:
Liquid CO 2 is once pressurizeed by high-pressure pump, the pressure of carbon dioxide from 2Mpa~3Mpa become 8Mpa~
10Mpa；
Once cooled down to the carbon dioxide after primary pressurization；
Secondary pressurized is carried out to the carbon dioxide after successively cooling down, obtains supercritical carbon dioxide fluid；
It is cooled down twice to the supercritical carbon dioxide fluid obtained after secondary pressurized.
10. the preparation method of low-temperature explosion-puffing drying sea cucumber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that set by PLC swollen
Change the threshold value of the two-way pressure difference of kettle.
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