CN109905307A - A kind of CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control system and control method - Google Patents
A kind of CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 102100023941 G-protein-signaling modulator 2 Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 101000904754 Homo sapiens G-protein-signaling modulator 2 Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011545 laboratory measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control system and control methods, the control system includes control node and parameter acquisition node, wherein control node includes the single-chip minimum system module of built-in microcontroller, filter pump drive module, floating-ball level switch, data memory module, CAN communication module and the host computer communication module being electrically connected with above-mentioned microcontroller, the power management module in control node are control node power supply.One big Function Decomposition is that each subfunction is achieved respectively so that accurately whole system is divided into control node and parameter acquisition node as target by five nutritive salt parameter concentrations of measurement simultaneously by control system disclosed in this invention；Hardware design takes modularized design thinking, is got up by each block combiner and realizes set objective, not only makes the small in size of control system, integrated level and high degree of automation, also facilitates subsequent function addition and system upgrade.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to instrument fields, the in particular to CAN bus based multichannel seawater in one of the field
Nutritive salt detector control system and control method.
Background technique
Nutrients in sea water is nutrient necessary to halomereid grows, and is the material base of its vital movement.
Underlying parameter one of of the nutrients in sea water as marine biogeochemistry research, nitrate, the nitrous acid being often referred in seawater
Salt, silicate, phosphate and five kinds of ammonium salt.
Traditional nutrient concentrations are detected as spot sampling-laboratory analysis methodologies based on research vessel, and this method exists
The disadvantages of real-time is poor, sample vulnerable to pollution, waste of manpower, material resources, and spot sampling-laboratory analysis methodologies cannot provide
The measurement data continuously pinpointed cannot reflect that nutrient concentrations are sharply when the ecology such as red tide, rainfall and hydrology phenomenon occur in time
The case where variation.Currently, it is automatic that researchers at home and abroad have designed and developed different nutrients in sea water in order to solve this problem
Analyzer, but it is most of still in the laboratory measurement stage, and five nutritive salt parameters can only be measured successively, cannot be surveyed simultaneously
Amount just needs to take a long time in this way and completes a normal process, is not able to satisfy efficient, the quick survey to nutritive salt parameter
Amount requires.Therefore, how to realize while five nutritive salt parameters measure, how to realize instrument under complicated marine environment can
It has to solve the problems, such as designer by becoming with low power operation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water to detect
Instrument control system and control method.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control system, thes improvement is that: the control
System includes control node and parameter acquisition node, and wherein control node includes the single-chip minimum system mould of built-in microcontroller
Block, filter pump drive module, floating-ball level switch, data memory module, the CAN communication module being electrically connected with above-mentioned microcontroller
With host computer communication module, the power management module in control node is control node power supply；Parameter acquisition node is respectively only
Vertical nitrate or nitrite, phosphate, silicate and ammonium salt parameter acquisition node, parameter acquisition node include built-in micro-control
The single-chip minimum system module of device processed, the CAN communication module being electrically connected with above-mentioned microcontroller, light signal processing module,
Mixing pump drive module, solenoid valve driving module, ultraviolet lamp drive module, heater-driven module and temperature collecting module, ginseng
Power management module in number acquisition node is the power supply of parameter acquisition node, furthermore the CAN communication module in parameter acquisition node
Also with the CAN communication module connection communication in control node, the power management module in parameter acquisition node is then from control node
Interior power management module takes electricity.
Further, control node is identical as the single-chip minimum system module of parameter acquisition node, includes microcontroller
Device, microcontroller power supply circuit, electrification reset circuit, fundamental clock circuit, real time clock circuit and program test circuit；Wherein
Microcontroller selects STM32F103RET6, and shunt-wound capacitance filters at its power supply；Electrification reset circuit concatenates capacitance group by resistance
At resistance 10K Ω, capacitor's capacity 100nF connect microcontroller reset pin at the tie-point of resistance and capacitor；When basic
Clock and real-time clock have source crystal oscillator and 32.768KHz to provide without source crystal oscillator by 8MHz respectively, respectively with microcontroller respective pins
Connection；Program test circuit is then to be connected to LED light series resistor on the corresponding I/O mouth of microcontroller, resistance 1K
Ω。
Further, by control node filter pump drive module and floating-ball level switch form sample jar liquid level closed loop
Control module, filter pump drive module are built by integrated stepper motor driver chip and peripheral circuit, and Floating Ball Liquid Level is opened
It closes on the corresponding I/O mouth of microcontroller being connected in control node, passes through corresponding I/O mouthfuls of the level state of detection microcontroller
Liquid level in judgement sample tank, if the floating ball of floating-ball level switch is in sample pot bottom, pump work is filtered in microcontroller starting,
If the floating ball of floating-ball level switch is at the top of sample jar, microcontroller control filter pump stops working；Filter pump uses PWM
Wave control mode, microcontroller control the pwm signal that pin exports 0 ~ 10KHz, corresponding 0 ~ 15 grade for filtering revolution speed.
Further, data memory module is TF card；Host computer communication module uses RS485 interface.
Further, the light signal processing module in parameter acquisition node includes constant current light source driver module, photoelectricity two
Pole pipe drive module, signal two-stage reverse amplification module, filter module and analog-to-digital conversion module；Wherein constant current light source driver module
Constant current source current value be less than or equal to 50mA, precision 1%, be configured by configuring precision resistance, every road constant-current source and 1 LED
Lamp is electrically connected, and I/O mouthfuls of microcontroller in parameter acquisition node control cut-offfing for certain road constant-current source by outputs level signals, from
And control the light on and off of some LED light；Photodiode drive module is built by integrated photodiode driving chip, can be led to
It crosses the slide resistor that adjustment is adapted to therewith and changes its dark current；Signal two-stage reverse amplification module is built by operational amplifier
Corresponding amplification network implementations；Filter module, which passes through and connects corresponding capacitor, to be realized；Analog-to-digital conversion module passes through integrated analog-to-digital conversion
Chip builds circuit realization；Microcontroller is communicated with modulus conversion chip by spi bus, and nutritive salt parameter measurement process is obtained
In light intensity data.
Further, the mixing pump drive module in parameter acquisition node uses analog voltage control mode, by operation
Amplifier amplification control mixing pump driving plate, mixing pump driving plate is the analog-digital converter of 3.3V reference voltage, by parameter acquisition
Microcontroller DA pin in node exports 0 ~ 3V to control mixing revolution speed and there are certain allowance, mixing pump rotation direction by
The low and high level control that I/O mouthfuls of microcontroller；Solenoid valve driving module in parameter acquisition node, by NPN type Darlington transistor battle array
Column are constituted, and using common emitter connection, configuring resistance switches Darlington transistor between saturation region and cut-off region, are adopted by parameter
The low and high level of microcontroller respective pins output controls the cut-off and saturation of certain road Darlington transistor in collection node, so as to adjust phase
Answer the on-off of solenoid valve.
Further, the ultraviolet lamp drive module in parameter acquisition node and heater-driven module are controlled using relay
Mode, the normally open end of ultraviolet lamp and heater contact relay, relay control terminal reverse parallel connection Schottky diode afterflow, parameter
Microcontroller in acquisition node by control NPN type triode drive relay switch on and off realize ultraviolet lamp and plus
The opening and closing of hot device；Temperature collecting module in parameter acquisition node is DS18B20 numeric type temperature sensor.
Further, the power management module in control node includes and the over-voltage of supply side+12V DC power electric connection
And the current foldback circuit ,+12V electric power management circuit being electrically connected with the over-voltage and current foldback circuit and+12V turn+5V power supply
Circuit, the microcontroller in control node are electrically connected with above-mentioned+12V electric power management circuit, pass through I/O mouthfuls of height of the microcontroller
The on-off of the variation control+12V electric power management circuit of level, realizes that control node+12V power supply is independently controllable, with above-mentioned+12V
It is the microcontroller power supply in control node that the+5V for turning the electrical connection of+5V power circuit, which turns+3.3V power circuit,；Parameter acquisition section
Power management module in point include the DC-DC power module being electrically connected with over-voltage in control node and current foldback circuit and+
12V electric power management circuit, with+12V in above-mentioned control node turn the+5V that be electrically connected turns of+3.3V power circuits of+5V power circuits and
+ 5V electric power management circuit, it is in parameter acquisition node that wherein+12V voltage is converted to ± 12V voltage by DC-DC power module
The power supply of light signal processing module, it is the microcontroller power supply in parameter acquisition node, the micro-control that+5V, which turns+3.3V power circuit,
Device processed is electrically connected with above-mentioned+12V electric power management circuit and+5V electric power management circuit, passes through I/O mouthfuls of low and high levels of the microcontroller
Variation control+12V electric power management circuit and+5V electric power management circuit on-off, realize parameter acquisition node+12V power supply with+
5V power supply is independently controllable.
Further, the over-voltage in control node power management module and current foldback circuit by it is anti-and connect threshold value be+
Supply side limiting voltage within+18V, is controlled system entire by self- recoverage type fuse by the Transient Suppression Diode of 18V
System electric current is limited within 10A；It is by integrated switch power that+12V in control node power management module, which turns+5V power circuit,
The reduction voltage circuit that chip is built；It is equal that+5V in control node and parameter acquisition node power management module turns+3.3V power circuit
It is realized by linear power supply chip voltage；Microcontroller in control node and parameter acquisition node power management module passes through control
The on-off of the on-off realization+12V electric power management circuit and+5V electric power management circuit of N-channel MOS pipe, microcontroller respective pins
Exporting high level is to connect, and output low level is shutdown；Pass through between the level power supplies such as different voltages, analog power and digital power
Magnetic bead carries out single-point connection isolation.
A kind of CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control method, using above-mentioned control system,
The improvement is that: microcontroller is communicated by host computer communication module with host computer in control node, passes through host computer
Complete configuration, graticule downloading and the reading data to detector parameter；By the phase of Timing measurement, selective measurement and timing alignment
Close process solidify in the microcontroller in-chip FLASH of control node and each parameter acquisition node, enable microcontroller according to
The process automatic running；The transmission of instruction and data is realized between control node and each parameter acquisition node by CAN bus, it is complete
At the measurement of nutritive salt parameter；Microcontroller in control node is each to join by filter pump drive module control filtering pump work
Microcontroller in number acquisition node passes through mixing pump drive module, solenoid valve driving module, ultraviolet lamp drive module, heater
Drive module, constant current light source driver module control mixing pump, solenoid valve, ultraviolet lamp, heater, LED light work normally, and pass through list
Bus is acquired temperature data；Power management module in each parameter acquisition node is from the power management mould in control node
Block takes electricity, the power management module in control node and each parameter acquisition node can by filter pump, mixing pump, solenoid valve,
The control that these high power device power supplies of ultraviolet lamp, heater are cut-off reduces quiescent dissipation.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Control system disclosed in this invention, using accurately five nutritive salt parameter concentrations of measurement is targets simultaneously, whole system
It is divided into control node and parameter acquisition node, is that each subfunction is achieved respectively by a big Function Decomposition；Hardware is set
Meter takes modularized design thinking, is got up by each block combiner and realizes set objective, not only makes the small in size of control system, integrates
Degree and high degree of automation also facilitate subsequent function addition and system upgrade；Multi-main construction is used in overall architecture, wherein nitre
Hydrochlorate or nitrite, phosphate, silicate and ammonium salt measurement module are all used as independent parameter acquisition node, total by CAN
Line realizes the communication with control node, clear in structure；Supply side has over-voltage and current foldback circuit to prevent over-voltage and overcurrent, avoids
Because maloperation damages detector；It is carried out between the level power supplies such as different voltages, analog power and digital power by magnetic bead
Single-point connection isolation, avoids interfering with each other.
Control method disclosed in this invention can be timed acquisition to five nutritive salt parameters, to fully achieve existing
Field fixed point self-tolerant acquisition；Can be to five nutritive salt parameter timing alignments, and automatically update graticule value；It can be realized by host computer
The selective Timing measurements of five nutritive salt parameters and calibration, it is a certain in maskable five nutritive salt parameters；Timing measurement with
The related procedure of calibration solidifies in microcontroller in-chip FLASH, and microcontroller can be according to the process automatic running, and can
Realize the download online of graticule and being locally stored for data measured；Power management mould in control node and each parameter acquisition node
Block can turn off its power supply according to pre-set process, in some high power device attonity, realize low power dissipation design.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the whole control configuration diagram of control system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the control configuration diagram of control node in control system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the control configuration diagram of parameter acquisition node in control system disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 4 is the composition of power management module and company in control node disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention 1 and each parameter acquisition node
Connect relation schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, right below in conjunction with drawings and examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 1, present embodiment discloses a kind of CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water to detect
Instrument control system, the control system includes control node and parameter acquisition node, as shown in Fig. 2, wherein control node packet
Include the single-chip minimum system module of built-in microcontroller, the filter pump drive module being electrically connected with above-mentioned microcontroller, floating ball
Liquid-level switch, data memory module, CAN communication module and host computer communication module, the power management module in control node are
Control node power supply, the function of control node include: to communicate with host computer, send control instruction, sample to each parameter acquisition node
The closed-loop control of product tank liquid level and data are locally stored.Parameter acquisition node is nitrate or nitrite independent, phosphorus
Hydrochlorate, silicate and ammonium salt parameter acquisition node, as shown in figure 3, parameter acquisition node includes the single-chip microcontroller of built-in microcontroller
Minimum systematic module, the CAN communication module being electrically connected with above-mentioned microcontroller, light signal processing module, mixing pump drive mould
Block, solenoid valve driving module, ultraviolet lamp drive module, heater-driven module and temperature collecting module, in parameter acquisition node
Power management module be parameter acquisition node power supply, furthermore the CAN communication module in parameter acquisition node also with control node
Interior CAN communication module connection communication, the power management module in parameter acquisition node is then from the power management in control node
Module takes electricity.The function of parameter acquisition node includes: to complete corresponding measurement procedure, complete graticule calibration process, complete corresponding battalion
It supports the processing of salt data, processing the data obtained is uploaded to control node.
In the present embodiment, control node is identical as the single-chip minimum system module of parameter acquisition node, includes micro-
Controller, microcontroller power supply circuit, electrification reset circuit, fundamental clock circuit, real time clock circuit and program test circuit；
Wherein microcontroller selects STM32F103RET6, and shunt-wound capacitance filters at its power supply；Electrification reset circuit concatenates electricity by resistance
Hold composition, resistance 10K Ω, capacitor's capacity 100nF connect microcontroller reset pin at the tie-point of resistance and capacitor；Base
This clock and real-time clock have source crystal oscillator and 32.768KHz to provide without source crystal oscillator by 8MHz respectively, corresponding to microcontroller respectively
Pin connection；Program test circuit is then to be connected to LED light series resistor on the corresponding I/O mouth of microcontroller, resistance
1KΩ。
By in control node filter pump drive module and floating-ball level switch form sample jar liquid level closed loop control module,
Filter pump drive module is built by integrated stepper motor driver chip and peripheral circuit, and floating-ball level switch is connected to control
On the corresponding I/O mouth of microcontroller in node processed, pass through corresponding I/O mouthfuls of the level state judgement sample tank of detection microcontroller
Interior liquid level, if the floating ball of floating-ball level switch is in sample pot bottom, microcontroller starting filtering pump work, if Floating Ball Liquid Level
The floating ball of switch is at the top of sample jar, then microcontroller control filter pump stops working, to realize to sample jar liquid level
Closed loop control function；Filter pump uses PWM wave control mode, and microcontroller controls the pwm signal that pin exports 0 ~ 10KHz, right
0 ~ 15 grade of revolution speed should be filtered.
Data memory module is TF card, and the microcontroller in control node is communicated with TF card, the intensity of light source number that will be measured
Accordingly and microcontroller calculates resulting nutritive salt parameter concentration data and is stored in TF card；Host computer communication module uses
RS485 interface.
Light signal processing module in parameter acquisition node includes constant current light source driver module, photodiode driving mould
Block, signal two-stage reverse amplification module, filter module and analog-to-digital conversion module；Wherein constant current light source driver module includes two-way
Constant-current source, the current value of every road constant-current source, which is respectively less than, is equal to 50mA, precision 1%, is configured by configuring precision resistance, every road
Constant-current source is electrically connected with 1 LED light, and I/O mouthfuls of microcontroller in parameter acquisition node control certain by outputs level signals
Road constant-current source is cut-off, to control the light on and off of some LED light；Photodiode drive module is driven by integrated photodiode
Chip is built, and can change its dark current by adjusting the slide resistor being adapted to therewith；Signal two-stage reverse amplification module
Corresponding amplification network implementations is built by operational amplifier；Filter module, which passes through and connects corresponding capacitor, to be realized；Analog-to-digital conversion module
Circuit is built by integrated modulus conversion chip to realize；Microcontroller is communicated with modulus conversion chip by spi bus, is obtained
Light intensity data during nutritive salt parameter measurement.
Mixing pump drive module in parameter acquisition node uses analog voltage control mode, amplifies by operational amplifier
Mixing pump driving plate is controlled, mixing pump driving plate is the analog-digital converter of 3.3V reference voltage, by micro- in parameter acquisition node
Controller DA pin exports 0 ~ 3V to control mixing revolution speed and there are certain allowances, and mixing pump rotation direction is by microcontroller I/
O mouthfuls of low and high level control；Solenoid valve driving module in parameter acquisition node is made of NPN type Darlington transistor array, is used
Common emitter connection, configuration resistance switches Darlington transistor between saturation region and cut-off region, by micro- in parameter acquisition node
The low and high level of controller respective pins output controls the cut-off and saturation of certain road Darlington transistor, so as to adjust corresponding solenoid valve
On-off.
Ultraviolet lamp drive module and heater-driven module in parameter acquisition node use relay control mode, ultraviolet
The normally open end of lamp and heater contact relay, relay control terminal reverse parallel connection Schottky diode afterflow, to prevent ultraviolet
Lamp and heater cut-off moment and because electric current is excessive damage device, and the microcontroller in parameter acquisition node passes through control NPN type
The opening and closing of triode driving relay switched on and off to realize ultraviolet lamp and heater；In parameter acquisition node
Temperature collecting module is monobus numeric type temperature sensor DS18B20, the temperature detection range of the sensor be -55 DEG C to+
125 DEG C, and also there is when temperature is more than except -10 DEG C to 85 DEG C ± 0.5 DEG C of precision, meet the need of this control system
It asks, the microcontroller in parameter acquisition node is connect by I/O mouthfuls with sensor data cable, to obtain temperature data.
As shown in figure 4, the power management module in control node includes and supply side+12V DC power electric connection mistake
Pressure and the current foldback circuit ,+12V electric power management circuit being electrically connected with the over-voltage and current foldback circuit and+12V turn+5V electricity
Source circuit, the microcontroller in control node is electrically connected with above-mentioned+12V electric power management circuit, high by I/O mouthfuls of the microcontroller
It is low level variation control+12V electric power management circuit on-off, realize control node+12V power supply it is independently controllable, with it is above-mentioned+
It is the microcontroller power supply in control node that the+5V that 12V turns the electrical connection of+5V power circuit, which turns+3.3V power circuit,；Parameter acquisition
Power management module in node include the DC-DC power module being electrically connected with over-voltage in control node and current foldback circuit and
+ 12V electric power management circuit turns the+5V that+5V power circuit is electrically connected with+12V in above-mentioned control node and turns+3.3V power circuit
With+5V electric power management circuit, it is in parameter acquisition node that wherein+12V voltage is converted to ± 12V voltage by DC-DC power module
Light signal processing module power supply ,+5V turn+3.3V power circuits be parameter acquisition node in microcontroller power supply, this is micro-
Controller is electrically connected with above-mentioned+12V electric power management circuit and+5V electric power management circuit, passes through I/O mouthfuls of height electricity of the microcontroller
The on-off of flat variation control+12V electric power management circuit and+5V electric power management circuit, realizes parameter acquisition node+12V power supply
It is independently controllable with+5V power supply, specifically, being its mixing pump, electromagnetism by the+12V electric power management circuit in parameter acquisition node
Valve, ultraviolet lamp and heating installation power supply, by the+5V electric power management circuit in parameter acquisition node be its LED light and CAN communication module
Power supply.
Over-voltage and current foldback circuit in control node power management module pass through anti-and connect the transient state that threshold value is+18V
Diode is inhibited within+18V, entire control system electric current to be limited supply side limiting voltage by self- recoverage type fuse
Within 10A；+ 12V in control node power management module, which turns+5V power circuit, to be built by integrated switch power chip
Reduction voltage circuit；+ 5V in control node and parameter acquisition node power management module turns+3.3V power circuit by linear power supply
Chip voltage is realized；Microcontroller in control node and parameter acquisition node power management module passes through control N-channel MOS pipe
On-off realization+12V electric power management circuit and+5V electric power management circuit on-off, microcontroller respective pins export high level
To connect, output low level is shutdown；List is carried out by magnetic bead between the level power supplies such as different voltages, analog power and digital power
Point connection isolation.
The present embodiment also discloses a kind of CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control method, uses
Above-mentioned control system: microcontroller is communicated by host computer communication module with host computer in control node, by upper
Machine is completed to the configuration of detector parameter, graticule is downloaded and reading data, for example, can be shielded by upper computer selecting or
The a certain nutritive salt parameter paid close attention to；The related procedure of Timing measurement, selective measurement and timing alignment is solidified in control
In the microcontroller in-chip FLASH of node and each parameter acquisition node, enable microcontroller according to the process automatic running；Control
The transmission of instruction and data is realized between node processed and each parameter acquisition node by CAN bus, such as micro- in control node
Controller controls each parameter acquisition node by CAN communication module and carries out relevant operation, completes the measurement of every nutritive salt parameter；
Microcontroller in control node filters pump work by the control of filter pump drive module, the microcontroller in each parameter acquisition node
Device is driven by mixing pump drive module, solenoid valve driving module, ultraviolet lamp drive module, heater-driven module, constant current light source
Dynamic model block controls mixing pump, solenoid valve, ultraviolet lamp, heater, LED light and works normally, and is carried out by monobus to temperature data
Acquisition；Power management module in each parameter acquisition node takes electricity from the power management module in control node, control node and
Power management module in each parameter acquisition node can by filter pump, mixing pump, solenoid valve, ultraviolet lamp, heater these
The control that high power device power supply is cut-off reduces quiescent dissipation.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control system, it is characterised in that: the control system
System includes control node and parameter acquisition node, and wherein control node includes the single-chip minimum system mould of built-in microcontroller
Block, filter pump drive module, floating-ball level switch, data memory module, the CAN communication module being electrically connected with above-mentioned microcontroller
With host computer communication module, the power management module in control node is control node power supply；Parameter acquisition node is respectively only
Vertical nitrate or nitrite, phosphate, silicate and ammonium salt parameter acquisition node, parameter acquisition node include built-in micro-control
The single-chip minimum system module of device processed, the CAN communication module being electrically connected with above-mentioned microcontroller, light signal processing module,
Mixing pump drive module, solenoid valve driving module, ultraviolet lamp drive module, heater-driven module and temperature collecting module, ginseng
Power management module in number acquisition node is the power supply of parameter acquisition node, furthermore the CAN communication module in parameter acquisition node
Also with the CAN communication module connection communication in control node, the power management module in parameter acquisition node is then from control node
Interior power management module takes electricity.
2. CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control system, feature exist according to claim 1
In: control node is identical as the single-chip minimum system module of parameter acquisition node, includes microcontroller, microcontroller power supply
Circuit, electrification reset circuit, fundamental clock circuit, real time clock circuit and program test circuit；Wherein microcontroller is selected
STM32F103RET6, shunt-wound capacitance filters at its power supply；Electrification reset circuit is by resistance concatenation capacitance group at resistance
Microcontroller reset pin is connect at the tie-point of 10K Ω, capacitor's capacity 100nF, resistance and capacitor；Fundamental clock and real-time clock
There are source crystal oscillator and 32.768KHz to provide without source crystal oscillator by 8MHz respectively, is connect respectively with microcontroller respective pins；Program test
Circuit is then to be connected to LED light series resistor on the corresponding I/O mouth of microcontroller, resistance 1K Ω.
3. CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control system, feature exist according to claim 1
In: by control node filter pump drive module and floating-ball level switch form sample jar liquid level closed loop control module, filter
Pump drive module is built by integrated stepper motor driver chip and peripheral circuit, and floating-ball level switch is connected to control section
On the corresponding I/O mouth of microcontroller in point, pass through liquid in corresponding I/O mouthfuls of the level state judgement sample tank of detection microcontroller
Position, if the floating ball of floating-ball level switch is in sample pot bottom, microcontroller starting filtering pump work, if floating-ball level switch
Floating ball be at the top of sample jar, then microcontroller control filter pump stops working；Filter pump uses PWM wave control mode, micro-
Controller controls the pwm signal that pin exports 0 ~ 10KHz, corresponding 0 ~ 15 grade for filtering revolution speed.
4. CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control system, feature exist according to claim 1
In: data memory module is TF card；Host computer communication module uses RS485 interface.
5. CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control system, feature exist according to claim 1
In: the light signal processing module in parameter acquisition node includes constant current light source driver module, photodiode drive module, letter
Number two-stage reverse amplification module, filter module and analog-to-digital conversion module；The wherein constant current source current value of constant current light source driver module
It less than or equal to 50mA, precision 1%, is configured by configuring precision resistance, every road constant-current source is electrically connected with 1 LED light, parameter
I/O mouthfuls of microcontroller in acquisition node control cut-offfing for certain road constant-current source by outputs level signals, to control some LED
The light on and off of lamp；Photodiode drive module is built by integrated photodiode driving chip, can be by adjusting fitting therewith
The slide resistor matched changes its dark current；Signal two-stage reverse amplification module builds corresponding amplification network by operational amplifier
It realizes；Filter module, which passes through and connects corresponding capacitor, to be realized；Analog-to-digital conversion module builds circuit by integrated modulus conversion chip
It realizes；Microcontroller is communicated with modulus conversion chip by spi bus, and the light intensity number during nutritive salt parameter measurement is obtained
According to.
6. CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control system, feature exist according to claim 1
In: the mixing pump drive module in parameter acquisition node uses analog voltage control mode, amplifies by operational amplifier and controls
Mixing pump driving plate, mixing pump driving plate is the analog-digital converter of 3.3V reference voltage, by the microcontroller in parameter acquisition node
Device DA pin exports 0 ~ 3V to control mixing revolution speed and there are certain allowances, and mixing pump rotation direction is by I/O mouthfuls of microcontroller
Low and high level control；Solenoid valve driving module in parameter acquisition node is made of NPN type Darlington transistor array, using altogether
Emitter connection, configuration resistance switch Darlington transistor between saturation region and cut-off region, pass through micro-control in parameter acquisition node
The low and high level of device respective pins output processed controls the cut-off and saturation of certain road Darlington transistor, so as to adjust the logical of corresponding solenoid valve
It is disconnected.
7. CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control system, feature exist according to claim 1
In: ultraviolet lamp drive module and heater-driven module in parameter acquisition node use relay control mode, ultraviolet lamp and
The normally open end of heater contact relay, relay control terminal reverse parallel connection Schottky diode afterflow, in parameter acquisition node
Microcontroller by control NPN type triode drive relay switch on and off the opening of realizing ultraviolet lamp and heater and
It closes；Temperature collecting module in parameter acquisition node is DS18B20 numeric type temperature sensor.
8. CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control system, feature exist according to claim 1
In: the power management module in control node includes and the over-voltage of supply side+12V DC power electric connection and overcurrent protection electricity
The road ,+12V electric power management circuit being electrically connected with the over-voltage and current foldback circuit and+12V turn+5V power circuit, control node
Interior microcontroller is electrically connected with above-mentioned+12V electric power management circuit, passes through the variation control of I/O mouthfuls of low and high levels of the microcontroller
The on-off of system+12V electric power management circuit, realizes that control node+12V power supply is independently controllable, turns+5V power circuit with above-mentioned+12V
It is the microcontroller power supply in control node that the+5V of electrical connection, which turns+3.3V power circuit,；Power management in parameter acquisition node
Module includes the DC-DC power module being electrically connected with over-voltage in control node and current foldback circuit and+12V power management electricity
Road turns the+5V that+5V power circuit is electrically connected with+12V in above-mentioned control node and turns+3.3V power circuit and+5V power management electricity
Road, it is that the light signal in parameter acquisition node handles mould that wherein+12V voltage is converted to ± 12V voltage by DC-DC power module
Block power supply, it is the microcontroller power supply in parameter acquisition node, the microcontroller and above-mentioned+12V that+5V, which turns+3.3V power circuit,
Electric power management circuit and+5V electric power management circuit are electrically connected, and pass through the variation control+12V of I/O mouthfuls of low and high levels of the microcontroller
The on-off of electric power management circuit and+5V electric power management circuit realizes that parameter acquisition node+12V power supply and+5V power supply independently may be used
Control.
9. CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control system, feature exist according to claim 8
In: over-voltage and current foldback circuit in control node power management module pass through anti-and connect the transient state inhibition two that threshold value is+18V
Entire control system electric current within+18V, is limited to 10A by self- recoverage type fuse by pole pipe by supply side limiting voltage
Within；It is the decompression built by integrated switch power chip that+12V in control node power management module, which turns+5V power circuit,
Circuit；+ 5V in control node and parameter acquisition node power management module turns+3.3V power circuit by linear power supply chip
Decompression is realized；Microcontroller in control node and parameter acquisition node power management module passes through the logical of control N-channel MOS pipe
The on-off of disconnected realization+12V electric power management circuit and+5V electric power management circuit, microcontroller respective pins output high level is to connect
Logical, output low level is shutdown；Single-point company is carried out by magnetic bead between the level power supplies such as different voltages, analog power and digital power
Connect isolation.
10. a kind of CAN bus based multichannel nutrients in sea water detector control method, uses the control described in claim 5
System processed, it is characterised in that: microcontroller is communicated by host computer communication module with host computer in control node, by upper
Position machine completes configuration, graticule downloading and reading data to detector parameter；By Timing measurement, selective measurement and timing alignment
Related procedure solidify in the microcontroller in-chip FLASH of control node and each parameter acquisition node, enable microcontroller
According to the process automatic running；The biography of instruction and data is realized between control node and each parameter acquisition node by CAN bus
It is defeated, complete the measurement of nutritive salt parameter；Microcontroller in control node filters pump work by the control of filter pump drive module,
Microcontroller in each parameter acquisition node passes through mixing pump drive module, solenoid valve driving module, ultraviolet lamp drive module, adds
Hot device drive module, constant current light source driver module control mixing pump, solenoid valve, ultraviolet lamp, heater, LED light work normally, and lead to
Monobus is crossed to be acquired temperature data；Power management module in each parameter acquisition node is from the power supply pipe in control node
Reason module takes electricity, and the power management module in control node and each parameter acquisition node can be by filter pump, mixing pump, electromagnetism
The control that these high power device power supplies of valve, ultraviolet lamp, heater are cut-off reduces quiescent dissipation.
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