CN109902929B - Method for dividing rice heavy metal pollution production area - Google Patents
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- CN109902929B CN109902929B CN201910071949.3A CN201910071949A CN109902929B CN 109902929 B CN109902929 B CN 109902929B CN 201910071949 A CN201910071949 A CN 201910071949A CN 109902929 B CN109902929 B CN 109902929B
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for dividing a rice heavy metal pollution production area, which comprises the following steps: collecting heavy metal enrichment coefficients and corresponding soil physicochemical property data of different varieties of rice grains; carrying out normalization correction on the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties; fitting the normalized cumulative probability distribution of the reciprocals of the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties to obtain a species sensitivity distribution curve; the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient corresponding to the proportion of the rice variety to be protected is obtained by combining a species sensitivity distribution curve based on the proportion of the rice variety to be protected, and then the heavy metal safety threshold of the soil is obtained, so that the rice heavy metal pollution production area is divided, the classification standard is more scientific, and agricultural land division based on agricultural product quality safety is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural environment, and particularly relates to a method for dividing a heavy metal pollution production area of rice.
Background
The investigation of the national soil pollution condition in 2014 shows that the soil environment quality of cultivated land in China is great, the standard exceeding rate of the point position reaches 19.40 percent, and the main pollutants are heavy metals such as cadmium, nickel, copper, arsenic, mercury, lead and the like. The "pain disorder" in japan is caused by people drinking water contaminated with cadmium (Cd). Lead (Pb) causes a reduction in reproductive function and immunity of various living organisms including human beings, and causes a series of symptoms such as dizziness, headache, hypomnesis, and abdominal pain. Chromium (Cr) is a heavy metal with high toxicity, and easily enters human cells, damages internal organs such as liver and kidney and DNA, accumulates in the human body, has carcinogenicity, and may induce gene mutation. Organisms can enrich heavy metals, the heavy metals are often gradually accumulated in the soil environment, even some heavy metal elements can be converted into methyl compounds with higher toxicity in the soil, and the methyl compounds can be accumulated in human bodies at harmful concentration through food chains and seriously harm the health of the human bodies. The rice has strong absorption to heavy metals, and the rice is a main food crop in China, and the situation of pollution prevention and control is very severe because of the serious threat of heavy metal pollution.
Based on the above, the state institute officially released a soil pollution prevention and treatment action plan (abbreviated as 'ten items of soil') in 2016 (5 months), and made specific requirements on the main contents and tasks of soil pollution prevention and treatment work in China in the future. The agricultural land is classified into three categories according to the pollution degree, namely a priority protection category, a safety utilization category and a strict management and control category, and corresponding management measures are respectively adopted to guarantee the quality safety of agricultural products.
At present, most of related researches on classification of agricultural lands are classification of agricultural lands according to pollution degree, however, when soil does not exceed standard and agricultural products exceed standard, classification according to the soil pollution degree is not strict. Therefore, considering agricultural product factors is particularly important in the field of agricultural land division. The absorption of heavy metal in soil by rice is not only influenced by pollution sources, basic soil properties, environmental conditions and the like, but also has obvious difference in the heavy metal enrichment characteristics of different rice varieties and even different genotypes of rice. The Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD) curve method can describe the sensitivity difference of different species samples to stress factors through probability or empirical distribution functions in an ecosystem with a complex structure. It can also be used in the formulation of environmental quality standards, i.e. to determine a concentration of contaminants that will protect most species in the ecosystem. However, at present, the Species Sensitivity Distribution (SSD) curve has not been applied to the division of agricultural land.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a method for dividing a rice heavy metal pollution production area, which realizes agricultural land division based on agricultural product quality safety.
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for dividing a rice heavy metal pollution production area, which comprises the following steps:
collecting heavy metal enrichment coefficients and corresponding soil physicochemical property data of different varieties of rice grains;
screening the collected heavy metal enrichment coefficients;
processing the screened heavy metal enrichment coefficients to obtain the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties;
carrying out normalization correction on the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of the different rice varieties to obtain normalized heavy metal enrichment coefficients of the different rice varieties;
fitting the normalized cumulative probability distribution of the reciprocals of the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties to obtain a species sensitivity distribution curve;
setting the proportion of rice varieties to be protected in a heavy metal pollution production area;
obtaining the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient corresponding to the proportion of the rice variety to be protected based on the proportion of the rice variety to be protected and in combination with the species sensitivity distribution curve;
obtaining a heavy metal safety threshold value of the soil based on the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient;
and dividing the rice heavy metal pollution production areas based on the heavy metal safety threshold of the soil.
Further, the collecting of the heavy metal enrichment coefficients and the corresponding soil physicochemical property data of different varieties of rice grains comprises:
collecting published data about the heavy metal content in typical farmland soil and corresponding rice grains in China or the heavy metal enrichment coefficient of the rice grains and corresponding soil physicochemical property data;
the rice grain and soil synergy is obtained through on-site sampling, and the heavy metal enrichment coefficient and soil physicochemical property data of the rice grain are obtained through analysis.
Further, the screening of the collected heavy metal enrichment coefficients comprises screening published heavy metal enrichment coefficients, wherein the screening conditions comprise:
the test takes natural soil as a medium, and does not include a water culture test;
the test process and data processing are standardized, soil and data of heavy metal content in rice grains are cooperatively acquired, and the heavy metal enrichment coefficient refers to the ratio of the heavy metal content in the rice grains to the corresponding heavy metal content in the soil;
the heavy metal enrichment coefficient should indicate the corresponding rice variety.
Further, the processing of the screened heavy metal enrichment coefficients to obtain the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties comprises: and if the heavy metal enrichment coefficients are screened, the same rice variety has a plurality of heavy metal enrichment coefficients, the heavy metal enrichment coefficients are checked, abnormal heavy metal enrichment coefficients in the heavy metal enrichment coefficients are removed, and a geometric mean value of the rest heavy metal enrichment coefficients is calculated to serve as the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of the rice variety.
Further, the normalization correction comprises normalizing the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties to a specific soil condition, and simultaneously performing intraspecific metamorphosis to eliminate the influence of the soil physicochemical property difference on the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of the rice varieties, wherein a model adopted by normalization is as follows:
lg(BCF)＝a×pH+b×lg(SOC)+k
wherein BCF is a heavy metal enrichment coefficient, pH is a pH value of soil, SOC is an organic carbon content of the soil, a and b are dimensionless parameters and represent the influence degree of soil properties on the heavy metal enrichment coefficient, and k is an intercept of an equation and represents the inherent sensitivity of the rice variety on the heavy metal accumulation.
Further, the proportion of the rice variety to be protected in the heavy metal pollution production area is set to be 5% and 95%.
Further, the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient corresponding to the proportion of the rice variety to be protected is obtained by the following formula,
wherein q is 5% or 95%, a, b, x0As dimensionless parameters, the influence degree of soil properties on the heavy metal enrichment coefficient is shown, HC (q) the weight to be protected for 5% or 95% of the rice varietiesReciprocal of metal enrichment factor.
Further, obtaining the heavy metal safety threshold value of the soil through the following formula,
CS＝CR×HC(q)
wherein, CSRepresents the heavy metal safety threshold of the soil, HC (q) represents the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient for protecting 5% or 95% of the rice varieties, CRThe method represents the safety limit value of heavy metal in the rice food safety quality standard.
Further, obtaining the heavy metal safety threshold value of the soil through the following formula,
wherein CS represents a heavy metal safety threshold of soil, BW represents an average weight of an adult, AET represents an average exposure time of a person exposed to heavy metal pollutants, PTMI represents a temporary heavy metal tolerance monthly intake of the person, f represents a proportion of a heavy metal intake in diet of a common population in China to a rice intake, BCF represents a heavy metal enrichment coefficient for protecting 5% or 95% of quality safety of rice varieties, IRR represents a pollutant concentration of daily intake of the person, EF represents an exposure frequency of the person exposed to the heavy metal pollutants, and ED represents an exposure duration of the person exposed to the heavy metal pollutants.
Further, the dividing of the rice heavy metal pollution production area based on the soil heavy metal safety threshold value comprises:
when the proportion of the rice varieties correspondingly protected by the soil heavy metal safety threshold is below 5%, dividing the heavy metal pollution production area into a production forbidding area;
when the proportion of the rice varieties correspondingly protected by the soil heavy metal safety threshold is 5% -95%, dividing the heavy metal pollution production area into limited production areas;
and when the proportion of the rice varieties correspondingly protected by the soil heavy metal safety threshold is more than 95%, dividing the heavy metal pollution production area into the suitable production areas.
The method for dividing the rice heavy metal pollution production area provided by the embodiment of the invention is based on biological enrichment coefficient (BCF) data of heavy metals at edible parts of different varieties of rice in the rice field soil in China, obtains the reciprocal BCF values for protecting the safety of the rice varieties in different proportions by a species sensitivity distribution curve method, and obtains the safety threshold of the heavy metals in the soil based on the quality safety standard or health risk assessment of agricultural products, so that the rice production area is divided, the method is a more scientific classification standard, and agricultural land division based on the quality safety of the agricultural products is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for dividing a rice heavy metal pollution production area according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the species sensitivity distribution curve of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 shows a method for dividing a rice heavy metal pollution production area provided by the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
step 101: collecting heavy metal enrichment coefficients and corresponding soil physicochemical property data of different varieties of rice grains;
step 102: screening the collected heavy metal enrichment coefficients;
step 103: processing the screened heavy metal enrichment coefficients to obtain the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties;
step 104: carrying out normalization correction on the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of the different rice varieties to obtain normalized heavy metal enrichment coefficients of the different rice varieties;
step 105: fitting the normalized cumulative probability distribution of the reciprocals of the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties to obtain a species sensitivity distribution curve;
step 106: setting the proportion of rice varieties to be protected in a heavy metal pollution production area;
step 107: obtaining the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient corresponding to the proportion of the rice variety to be protected based on the proportion of the rice variety to be protected and in combination with the species sensitivity distribution curve;
step 108: obtaining a heavy metal safety threshold value of the soil based on the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient;
step 109: and dividing the rice heavy metal pollution production areas based on the heavy metal safety threshold of the soil.
According to the method for dividing the rice heavy metal pollution production area provided by the embodiment of the invention, the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient for protecting the safety of rice varieties in different proportions is obtained through the species sensitivity distribution curve based on the heavy metal enrichment coefficient of edible parts of rice in different varieties, and the safety threshold of heavy metal in soil is obtained based on the agricultural product quality safety standard, so that the rice production area is divided, and agricultural land division based on agricultural product quality safety is realized.
In the embodiment of the invention, the heavy metal enrichment coefficient data and the corresponding soil physicochemical property data of different varieties of rice grains are collected by collecting published data and collecting soil samples. The specific mode comprises the step of collecting published heavy metal enrichment coefficient data related to typical farmland soil and corresponding rice grains in China and attached soil physicochemical property data by a system. In a China knowledge network (CNKI) database, keywords such as 'soil', 'heavy metal' and 'rice grain' are respectively used as search conditions, and in Google Scholar, data are obtained by using 'soil', 'rice' and 'heavy metal' as search conditions. In addition, the coordination between the rice grains and the soil is obtained through on-site investigation and sampling, and the analysis and test are carried out to obtain the content of the heavy metals in the rice grains and the soil or the heavy metal enrichment coefficient data of the rice grains and the physical and chemical property data of the soil. The collected and field sampled soil physical and chemical property data of China at least comprise two basic properties of soil pH and soil organic carbon. And classifying all the soil physical and chemical property data by k-means to determine 4 typical national soil scenes.
Then, screening heavy metal enrichment data collected in the literature, wherein the screening conditions comprise: (1) the test takes natural soil as a medium, and does not include a water culture test; (2) the test process and data processing are standard, soil and data of heavy metal content in rice grains are cooperatively acquired, and the heavy metal enrichment coefficient (BCF) value is the ratio of the heavy metal content (mg/kg) in the rice grains to the corresponding heavy metal content (mg/kg) in the soil; (3) the heavy metal enrichment coefficient should indicate the corresponding rice variety.
And then, processing the screened data to obtain heavy metal BCF data of different rice varieties. Judging the type of the screened data, and if the screened data is the heavy metal BCF value of the edible part of the rice, not processing. If the screened data is the heavy metal content C of the edible part of the riceRCorresponding to the heavy metal content C in the soilSCalculating the value of the heavy metal BCF of the edible part of the rice by adopting an enrichment coefficient formula, namely the quotient of CR and CS:
in the embodiment of the invention, if the screened data is that the same rice variety has a plurality of BCF data, the processing method comprises the steps of using a box diagram of SPSS software (statistical product and service solution, version number 19.0) to test the plurality of BCF data and eliminate abnormal BCF data in the BCF data, and calculating the geometric mean value of the rest BCF data after the abnormal data are eliminated as the BCF value of the rice variety.
In the embodiment of the invention, the screened BCF data comprises field data and laboratory data. Considering that the influence of soil physicochemical property on the absorption of heavy metal by rice is large, normalization correction is carried out on the collected heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties, BCF data of different rice varieties are normalized to specific soil conditions, intraspecies variation is carried out simultaneously, and the influence of soil physicochemical property difference on the BCF data of the rice varieties is eliminated. For the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties obtained in literature, the physical and chemical properties of the rice varieties and the corresponding soil are recorded at the same time, and a normalized model is established for the physical and chemical properties and the rice enrichment coefficients:
lg(BCF)＝a×pH+b×lg(SOC)+k
wherein the pH is the pH value of the soil; SOC is the organic carbon content (g/kg) of soil; a. b is a dimensionless parameter representing the degree of influence of soil properties on the heavy metal enrichment coefficient; k is the intercept of the equation, representing the inherent sensitivity of rice varieties to heavy metal accumulation.
According to the normalization formula, the heavy metal BCF values of different rice varieties under specific soil conditions can be calculated. Here, the specific soil is a typical condition of 4 soils in China, and is divided into acid soil, alkaline soil, neutral soil and alkaline non-calcareous soil according to the pH of the soil. The normalization process is to eliminate the influence of soil physicochemical properties on the heavy metal enrichment coefficient of the rice, and the reduction of the variation degree in the seeds also shows that the influence of the soil properties is eliminated to a certain degree by the normalization treatment.
Next, fitting of BCF data and division of rice production areas will be described with reference to examples of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, a logical steckel distribution model (logistic ic) is used for fitting the cumulative probability distribution of the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient of different rice varieties to obtain a species sensitivity distribution curve (SSD curve). As shown in fig. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, 14 kinds of rice, i.e., fengyou No. 9, shen liangyou 5814, yi you 673, H28 you 9113, xiangyou 66, xiangyou 616, liangyou 527, II you 416, T you 618, Q you No. 6, xishui 63, xiang late indica No. 12, zhen rice 5171, and yun jing No. 7, are normalized to the cumulative probability distribution of the reciprocal of the heavy metal BCF data under the conditions of a PH value of 6.04 and an SOC value of 9.31g/kg, and are fitted to obtain an SSD curve in which each rice variety corresponds to a different cumulative probability.
Analyzing sensitivity distribution characteristics of different rice varieties, simultaneously calculating BCF inverse values corresponding to the rice varieties with different protection proportions (different accumulation probabilities on an SSD curve), and obtaining a safety threshold value of heavy metal in soil based on the national food safety and health standard or health risk assessment angle. In the examples of the present invention, the ratio of rice varieties to be protected was set to 5% and 95%, and HC was calculated5And HC95Namely 1/BCF values corresponding to 5% and 95% cumulative probability on the SSD curve, and obtaining a safety threshold of heavy metal in soil based on national food sanitation standard or health risk assessment, and dividing the rice production area according to the safety threshold.
And (3) assuming that the 1/BCF value of the rice variety is x, y represents the species proportion of the heavy metal content of the edible part of the rice exceeding the quality safety limit value of the agricultural product, namely, when the 1/BCF is given as x, the corresponding cumulative probability on the SSD curve. The formula for the logistic model distribution calculation y is:
wherein, a, b, x0Is a dimensionless parameter and represents the influence degree of soil properties on the heavy metal enrichment coefficient.
The 1/BCF values corresponding to 5% and 95% cumulative probability were found by the following formula:
wherein q is 0.05 or 0.95; a. b, x0The parameters are dimensionless parameters and represent the influence degree of soil properties on the heavy metal enrichment coefficient; HC (q) is 1/BCF value for protecting 5% or 95% of rice variety quality safety.
SSD curve fitting was performed using the computational software BurrliOZ (version 1.0.14) provided by the australian federal scientific and industrial research organization (CSIRO).
In one embodiment of the invention, the safety threshold of the heavy metal in the soil is obtained according to the food safety quality standard by adopting the following formula:
CS＝CR×HC(q)
in the formula, CS is a heavy metal safety threshold of soil; HC (q) is the 1/BCF value for protecting the quality safety of rice varieties with different proportions; CR is the heavy metal safety limit value in the rice food safety quality standard.
In another embodiment of the invention, a heavy metal safety threshold in soil is obtained from a health risk assessment perspective. First, the heavy metal intake (EMI) for one month of a person was estimated based on the concentration of heavy metals in rice and the amount of rice consumed. EMI is determined by:
wherein CR is the concentration of the contaminant in the rice, IRR is the concentration of the contaminant taken daily, EF is the frequency of exposure of the human to the heavy metal contaminant, ED is the duration of exposure of the human to the heavy metal contaminant, BW is the average adult weight, and AET is the average exposure time of the human to the heavy metal contaminant.
Based on health risk assessment and in combination with the rice grain enrichment coefficient formula, assuming that EMI is equal to PTMI × f, the obtained safety threshold of heavy metals in soil is as follows:
in the formula, PTMI is the temporary heavy metal tolerance monthly intake, f is the proportion of the dietary heavy metal intake of the common Chinese population to the rice intake, and BCF is the heavy metal enrichment coefficient deduced on the species sensitivity distribution curve for protecting the quality safety of the rice in different proportions.
In the embodiment of the invention, the rice heavy metal pollution production area is divided into three parts based on the obtained soil heavy metal safety threshold, namely, when the proportion of the rice varieties correspondingly protected by the soil heavy metal safety threshold is 5% or less, the rice production area is divided into a production forbidding area; when the proportion of the rice varieties correspondingly protected by the soil heavy metal safety threshold is 95% or more, dividing the rice production area into suitable production areas; when the proportion of the rice varieties correspondingly protected by the soil heavy metal safety threshold is 5% -95%, the rice production area is divided into a limited production area.
The rice suitable-producing area is an area suitable for producing rice, namely, the area capable of protecting 95 percent or more of rice varieties is selected as the suitable-producing area, and the area is suitable for planting most of the rice varieties; the rice yield limit area is an area for limiting rice production, namely, the area capable of protecting between 5% and 95% of rice varieties is selected as the yield limit area, the area is used for limiting the production of the rice varieties, and the planting of certain rice varieties easy to accumulate heavy metals at high level is limited, or only the rice varieties with low accumulation of partial heavy metals are considered; the rice production forbidding area is an area for forbidding rice production, namely, the area which can only protect 5 percent or less of rice varieties is selected as the rice production forbidding area, and the rice production forbidding area can be used for replanting other crops or ornamental plants and the like which are not easy to enrich heavy metal.
According to the method for dividing the rice heavy metal pollution production area provided by the embodiment of the invention, the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient for protecting the safety of rice varieties in different proportions is obtained through the species sensitivity distribution curve based on the heavy metal enrichment coefficient of edible parts of rice in different varieties, and the safety threshold of heavy metal in soil is obtained based on the agricultural product quality safety standard or health risk assessment, so that the rice production area is divided, and agricultural land division based on agricultural product quality safety is realized.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for dividing a rice heavy metal pollution production area is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting heavy metal enrichment coefficients and corresponding soil physicochemical property data of different varieties of rice grains;
screening the collected heavy metal enrichment coefficients;
processing the screened heavy metal enrichment coefficients to obtain the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties;
carrying out normalization correction on the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of the different rice varieties to obtain normalized heavy metal enrichment coefficients of the different rice varieties;
fitting the normalized cumulative probability distribution of the reciprocals of the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties to obtain a species sensitivity distribution curve;
setting the proportion of rice varieties to be protected in a heavy metal pollution production area;
obtaining the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient corresponding to the proportion of the rice variety to be protected based on the proportion of the rice variety to be protected and in combination with the species sensitivity distribution curve;
obtaining a heavy metal safety threshold of the soil based on the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient corresponding to the proportion of the rice variety to be protected;
dividing the rice heavy metal pollution production areas based on the heavy metal safety threshold of the soil;
wherein the proportion of the rice variety to be protected in the heavy metal pollution production area is 5% and 95%;
wherein the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient corresponding to the proportion of the rice variety to be protected is obtained by the following formula,
wherein q is 5% or 95%, a, b, x0And HC (q) represents the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient for protecting 5% or 95% of rice varieties.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the collecting of the heavy metal enrichment coefficients and the corresponding soil physicochemical property data of different varieties of rice kernels comprises:
collecting published data about the heavy metal content in typical farmland soil and corresponding rice grains in China or the heavy metal enrichment coefficient of the rice grains and corresponding soil physicochemical property data;
the rice grain and soil synergy is obtained through on-site sampling, and the heavy metal enrichment coefficient and soil physicochemical property data of the rice grain are obtained through analysis.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the screening of the collected heavy metal enrichment factor comprises screening of a published heavy metal enrichment factor, wherein the screening conditions comprise:
the test takes natural soil as a medium, and does not include a water culture test;
the test process and data processing are standardized, soil and data of heavy metal content in rice grains are cooperatively acquired, and the heavy metal enrichment coefficient refers to the ratio of the heavy metal content in the rice grains to the corresponding heavy metal content in the soil;
the heavy metal enrichment coefficient should indicate the corresponding rice variety.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the processing of the screened heavy metal enrichment coefficients to obtain heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties comprises: and if the heavy metal enrichment coefficients are screened, the same rice variety has a plurality of heavy metal enrichment coefficients, the heavy metal enrichment coefficients are checked, abnormal heavy metal enrichment coefficients in the heavy metal enrichment coefficients are removed, and a geometric mean value of the rest heavy metal enrichment coefficients is calculated to serve as the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of the rice variety.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the normalization correction comprises normalizing the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of different rice varieties to specific soil conditions, and simultaneously performing intraspecific metamorphosis to eliminate the influence of soil physicochemical property differences on the heavy metal enrichment coefficients of the rice varieties, wherein the normalization adopts a model:
lg(BCF)＝a×pH+b×lg(SOC)+k
wherein BCF is a heavy metal enrichment coefficient, pH is a pH value of soil, SOC is an organic carbon content of the soil, a and b are dimensionless parameters and represent the influence degree of soil properties on the heavy metal enrichment coefficient, and k is an intercept of an equation and represents the inherent sensitivity of the rice variety on the heavy metal accumulation.
6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heavy metal safety threshold of the soil is obtained by the following formula,
Cs＝CR×HC(q)
wherein, CSRepresents the heavy metal safety threshold of the soil, HC (q) represents the reciprocal of the heavy metal enrichment coefficient for protecting 5% or 95% of the rice varieties, CRThe method represents the safety limit value of heavy metal in the rice food safety quality standard.
7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heavy metal safety threshold of the soil is obtained by the following formula,
wherein, CSIndicating the heavy metal safety threshold of the soil, BW the average weight of an adult, AET the average exposure time of a human to heavy metal pollutants, PTMI the average exposure time of a human to heavy metal pollutantsTemporary heavy metal tolerance of human, f represents the proportion of heavy metal intake in the diet of common Chinese population to rice intake, BCF represents the heavy metal enrichment coefficient for protecting 5% or 95% of rice variety quality safety, and IRRRepresents the concentration of the contaminant ingested by the person on a daily basis, EF represents the frequency of exposure of the person to the heavy metal contaminant, and ED represents the duration of exposure of the person to the heavy metal contaminant.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the classifying the rice heavy metal pollution production area based on the soil heavy metal safety threshold comprises:
when the proportion of the rice varieties correspondingly protected by the soil heavy metal safety threshold is below 5%, dividing the heavy metal pollution production area into a production forbidding area;
when the proportion of the rice varieties correspondingly protected by the soil heavy metal safety threshold is 5% -95%, dividing the heavy metal pollution production area into limited production areas;
and when the proportion of the rice varieties correspondingly protected by the soil heavy metal safety threshold is more than 95%, dividing the heavy metal pollution production area into the suitable production areas.
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