CN109902859A - Queuing peak period predictor method based on big data and machine learning algorithm - Google Patents

Queuing peak period predictor method based on big data and machine learning algorithm Download PDF

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CN109902859A
CN109902859A CN201910076184.2A CN201910076184A CN109902859A CN 109902859 A CN109902859 A CN 109902859A CN 201910076184 A CN201910076184 A CN 201910076184A CN 109902859 A CN109902859 A CN 109902859A
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taking
data
time
machine learning
learning algorithm
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CN109902859B (en
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张乐情
徐博识
郑国春
谢新法
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Meizhiwei Shanghai Information Technology Co ltd
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No Need To Wait (shanghai) Information Polytron Technologies Inc
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Abstract

Queuing peak period predictor method based on big data and machine learning algorithm, it is related to being lined up peak period pre-estimating technology field.Queuing peak period predictor method based on big data and machine learning algorithm effectively cleans data specifically includes the following steps: based on the practical dining sequence between the adjacent number of taking;In conjunction with machine learning algorithm, model training is carried out to the relationship on waiting time and the number of taking time, the number of taking date etc., obtains the physical relationship between waiting time and these parameters;For the estimated specific number of the taking period of C-terminal user and date parameter, corresponding queue waiting time is estimated;The time point normally done business in the period for whole day is scanned, the relation curve at each of obtain normally doing business in one day in the period number of taking moment and the queue waiting time estimated.After adopting the above technical scheme, the time for reducing user wastes the invention has the benefit that improving the accuracy of estimated time, the dining efficiency of entire catering industry is improved.

Description

Queuing peak period predictor method based on big data and machine learning algorithm
Technical field
The present invention relates to be lined up peak period pre-estimating technology field, and in particular to based on big data and machine learning algorithm It is lined up peak period predictor method.
Background technique
Queuing has dinner and has become the normality in the hot dining room of major business circles, in order to which specification queuing order is generally using according to taking Number sequence orderly had dinner, while in order to C-terminal user bring preferably be lined up experience, generally indicated on its number of taking list The table number that front also needs to wait for.With the development of the universal and mobile Internet of smart phone, based on eating under the number of taking line on line New model become mainstream step by step, user without reach dining room scene can the number of taking on line, and wait table number to close according to current Reason arranges the stroke of oneself.Based on " a kind of CCP118040081: method and device for estimating dining waiting time " patented technology The required waiting time can also be calculated, the queuing experience of C-terminal user is further improved.However these applications are all based on Under the premise of the number of getting list, when at present still cannot the number of taking list when, when can not provide the waiting with reference significance for C-terminal client Between.For example, do not send out today estimate 11 points of numbers of taking of tomorrow noon need to be lined up how long, can not also know 12 points of tomorrow noon it is rigid It has dinner well and needs how far ahead of time the number of taking (is had dinner, mainly for big table even this height of box although part dining table is only reserved End service, this for middle teapoy peak period of having dinner do not support that reservation has dinner when general).In recent years, with big data and Therefore the high speed development of machine learning algorithm, more and more fields are changed.Currently, in dining queuing field, due to moving The extensive use of dynamic interconnection, has had accumulated a large amount of latency data, when so that estimating the queuing of future time period on line Length becomes practical.In order under the premise of not changing existing dining room management mode, meet C-terminal client to certain following a period of time The quarter number of taking is estimated wait how long, and the following a certain moment have dinner need how far ahead of time the better experience requirements for the number of taking, this hair Bright scheme proposes a kind of queuing peak period predictor method based on big data and machine learning algorithm.But the prior art with Regular time length makees simple and crude division to whole day, and simple averaging is done in section at the same time, causes: 1, Have lost the information of the fluctuation within the same period;2, it is difficult to that " waiting time and the number of taking time Relationship song is accurately positioned Turning point in line ";3, mutually indepedent between the two neighboring period, have lost the correlation between certain time adjacent segments Property;4, without efficiently using the features such as different seasons in month.It is larger to eventually lead to the error that the waiting time is estimated, and stability compared with It is low.
Summary of the invention
In view of the defects and deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention intends to provide one kind to be based on big data and machine learning The queuing peak period predictor method of algorithm, improves the accuracy of estimated time, and user is more reasonably arranged certainly Oneself stroke, and then the time waste of user is reduced, help to improve the dining efficiency of entire catering industry.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is using following technical scheme: the row based on big data and machine learning algorithm Team peak period predictor method specifically includes the following steps: one, based between the adjacent number of taking practical dining sequence, to data into Row effectively cleaning;Two, based on the historical data after cleaning, in conjunction with machine learning algorithm, to waiting time and the number of taking time, the number of taking The relationship on date (what day, several months, if festivals or holidays) etc. carries out model training, obtains between waiting time and these parameters Physical relationship, and save as prediction model;Three, it is based on prediction model, for the estimated specific number of the taking period of C-terminal user and date Parameter estimates corresponding queue waiting time;Four, the time point normally done business in the period for whole day is scanned, and obtains one It each of normally does business in the period in it relation curve at the number of taking moment and the queue waiting time estimated;Five, it is based on step Four obtained curves, the following a certain moment number of taking of prediction is estimated wait how long, and needs of having dinner of the following a certain moment shift to an earlier date How long the number of taking.
In the step one to data it is effective cleaning specifically include following method: one, based on the waiting time be T1 into The training of row prediction model, rather than the original record of waiting time (T1+T2);If two, historgraphic data recording is not marked on line Remember the T1 corresponding time, but only have recorded T1+T2 total time, such historical data should be dropped, and be not involved in prediction model instruction Practice.
Prediction model in the step three specifically includes following principle: one, determining that the feature for training pattern becomes Amount and target variable;Two, based on random forest (Random Forest) regression model to the pass between (X1, X2, X3, X4) and Y System is fitted;Three, it is tested based on performance of the test set data to prediction model.
Characteristic variable in the principle one is four temporal characteristics of user's number of taking: several points, what day, several months Whether festivals or holidays.
The fitting specifically includes following procedure: one, based on put back to rule from training data concentration randomly select one Fixed training data, and (X1, X2, X3, X4) randomly selects a feature combination, such as (X1, X2, X4) from characteristic set, A sub- training set is collectively formed;Two, the sub- training set extracted based on (a), establishes a decision tree (Decision Tree) Regression model Ti;Three, (a) (b) process n times are repeated, N number of decision tree regression model T1:N is generated;It four, will in data to be predicted All features (X1, X2, X3, X4) of test data are input to T1:N, are averaging to the output of N number of decision tree regression model, and It is exported the average value as prediction result.
After adopting the above technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the accuracy of estimated time is improved, so that user can be with The stroke of oneself is more reasonably arranged, and then reduces the time waste of user, helps to improve the dining of entire catering industry Efficiency.
Specific embodiment
Present embodiment the technical solution adopted is that: the queuing peak period based on big data and machine learning algorithm Predictor method specifically includes the following steps: one, based between the adjacent number of taking practical dining sequence, data are effectively cleaned (with reference to the patent " CCP118040081, a kind of method and device for estimating dining waiting time " having been filed on);Two, based on cleaning Historical data afterwards, in conjunction with machine learning algorithm, to waiting time and the number of taking time, the number of the taking date (what day, several months, if Festivals or holidays) etc. relationship carry out model training, obtain the physical relationship between waiting time and these parameters, and save as and estimate Model;Three, it is based on prediction model, for the estimated specific number of the taking period of C-terminal user and date parameter, estimates corresponding queuing etc. To the time;Four, the time point normally done business in the period for whole day is scanned, and obtains normally doing business in one day every in the period The relation curve at a number of taking moment and the queue waiting time estimated;Five, it is based on the obtained curve of step 4, predicts future The a certain moment number of taking is estimated wait how long, and the following a certain moment have dinner need how far ahead of time the number of taking.
In the step one to data it is effective cleaning specifically include following method: one, based on the waiting time be T1 into The training of row prediction model, rather than the original record of waiting time (T1+T2);If two, historgraphic data recording is not marked on line Remember the T1 corresponding time, but only have recorded T1+T2 total time, such historical data should be dropped, and be not involved in prediction model instruction Practice.The time be lined up have dinner in existed number after dining situation again, for example, user's U number of taking is An, after waiting time T1, dining room No. An is called, but a number situation had occurred not in dining room in user U at that time.Then user U does not cancel and having dinner, but in mistake again It has dinner again after time T2.Therefore, on line in data record, the user U practical waiting time is T1+T2, but therein Time T2 is partly due to that the reason of user U oneself causes, and is not due to be lined up required objective time itself, the time is lined up The required time is T1.So on line record waiting time T1+T2 disturb to the training of prediction model, need into Row cleaning.
Prediction model in the step three specifically includes following principle: one, determining that the feature for training pattern becomes Amount and target variable;The above training is a kind of table type based on a specific dining room, such as: the teapoy of western Bei Zhongshangongyuandian. If all queuings (teapoy, middle table and big table etc.) to the dining room Duo Jia are estimated, need to the every of wherein each dining room A kind of table type is individually trained.In feature what day and be all made of within several months one-hot encoding (one-hot) coding mode.Two, it is based on Random forest (Random Forest) regression model is fitted the relationship between (X1, X2, X3, X4) and Y;Three, based on survey Examination collection data test the performance of prediction model.Based on the characteristic variable in test set data { Y:(X1, X2, X3, X4) } (X1, X2, X3, X4) calculates corresponding queuing time discreet value according to the random forest regression model T1:N 2) trained YHAT, according to the error between YHAT and Y: sum (Y-YHAT) 2, as the performance indicator of prediction model H, error is smaller, says Bright model H performance is better, by continuous adjusting and optimizing model parameter N, maximum decision tree depth and minimum extraction feature quantity Deng so that minimizing the error between YHAT and Y.
Random forest establishes multiple decision trees, and by bagging technology is merged them more quasi- to obtain True and stable prediction.The big advantage of the one of random forest is that it can be not only used for classifying, it can also be used to which regression problem, these two types are asked Topic constitutes just to be faced required for current most of machine learning systems.
One-hot coding, that is, One-Hot coding, also known as an efficient coding, method are come using N bit status register N number of state is encoded, each state has its independent register-bit, and when any, wherein only one has Effect.Such as encode to six states: natural order code is 000,001,010,011,100,101;One-hot coding is then: 000001,000010,000100,001000,010000,100000。
Characteristic variable in the principle one is four temporal characteristics of user's number of taking: several points, what day, several months Whether festivals or holidays.
The fitting specifically includes following procedure: one, based on put back to rule from training data concentration randomly select one Fixed training data, and (X1, X2, X3, X4) randomly selects a feature combination, such as (X1, X2, X4) from characteristic set, A sub- training set is collectively formed;Two, the sub- training set extracted based on (a), establishes a decision tree (Decision Tree) Regression model Ti;Three, (a) (b) process n times are repeated, N number of decision tree regression model T1:N is generated;It four, will in data to be predicted All features (X1, X2, X3, X4) of test data are input to T1:N, are averaging to the output of N number of decision tree regression model, and It is exported the average value as prediction result.
Decision tree be it is known it is various happen probability on the basis of, seek phase of net present value (NPV) by constituting decision tree Prestige value is more than or equal to zero probability, and assessment item risk judges the method for decision analysis of its feasibility, is intuitively with probability point A kind of graphical method of analysis.Since this decision branch is drawn as figure like the limb of one tree, therefore claim decision tree.In machine learning In, decision tree is a prediction model, and what he represented is a kind of mapping relations between object properties and object value.
After adopting the above technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the accuracy of estimated time is improved, so that user can be with The stroke of oneself is more reasonably arranged, and then reduces the time waste of user, helps to improve the dining of entire catering industry Efficiency.
The above is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it, and those of ordinary skill in the art are to this hair The other modifications or equivalent replacement that bright technical solution is made, as long as it does not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the present invention, It is intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. the queuing peak period predictor method based on big data and machine learning algorithm, it is characterised in that: it specifically include with Lower step: one, based on practical dining sequence adjacent take number between, data are effectively cleaned;Two, based on going through after cleaning History data, in conjunction with machine learning algorithm, to waiting time and the number of taking time, the number of taking date (what day, several months, if festivals or holidays) Deng relationship carry out model training, obtain the physical relationship between waiting time and these parameters, and save as prediction model; Three, it is based on prediction model, for the estimated specific number of the taking period of C-terminal user and date parameter, when estimating corresponding wait in line Between;Four, the time point normally done business in the period for whole day is scanned, and each of obtaining normally doing business in one day in the period taking The relation curve at number moment and the queue waiting time estimated;Five, it is based on the obtained curve of step 4, prediction is following a certain The moment number of taking is estimated wait how long, and the following a certain moment have dinner need how far ahead of time the number of taking.
2. the queuing peak period predictor method according to claim 1 based on big data and machine learning algorithm, Be characterized in that: in the step one to data it is effective cleaning specifically include following method: one, based on the waiting time be T1 into The training of row prediction model, rather than the original record of waiting time (T1+T2);If two, historgraphic data recording is not marked on line Remember the T1 corresponding time, but only have recorded T1+T2 total time, such historical data should be dropped, and be not involved in prediction model instruction Practice.
3. the queuing peak period predictor method according to claim 1 based on big data and machine learning algorithm, Be characterized in that: the prediction model in the step three specifically includes following principle: one, determining that the feature for training pattern becomes Amount and target variable;Two, based on random forest (Random Forest) regression model to the pass between (X1, X2, X3, X4) and Y System is fitted;Three, it is tested based on performance of the test set data to prediction model.
4. the queuing peak period predictor method according to claim 3 based on big data and machine learning algorithm, Be characterized in that: characteristic variable in the principle one is four temporal characteristics of user's number of taking: several points, what day, it is several Month and whether festivals or holidays.
5. the queuing peak period predictor method according to claim 3 based on big data and machine learning algorithm, Be characterized in that: the fitting specifically includes following procedure: one, based on put back to rule from training data concentration randomly select one Fixed training data, and (X1, X2, X3, X4) randomly selects a feature combination, such as (X1, X2, X4) from characteristic set, A sub- training set is collectively formed;Two, the sub- training set extracted based on (a), establishes a decision tree (Decision Tree) Regression model Ti;Three, (a) (b) process n times are repeated, N number of decision tree regression model T1:N is generated;It four, will in data to be predicted All features (X1, X2, X3, X4) of test data are input to T1:N, are averaging to the output of N number of decision tree regression model, and It is exported the average value as prediction result.
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CN110490357A (en) * 2019-07-02 2019-11-22 北京星选科技有限公司 Confirmation method, device, server, the electronic equipment of waiting time
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