CN109902397B - Method for quickly and safely turning large-scale die - Google Patents
Method for quickly and safely turning large-scale die Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly and safely turning a large mold, and aims to provide a turning method which is simple to operate and has a quick turning process. The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: constructing a mathematical model of a cuboid surrounding the module by using CAE software, finding out the gravity center position of the mould, and vertically projecting the calculated gravity center point A of the mould to the end surface of one side in the length direction of the mould to obtain a projection point B; respectively calculating two translation transfer lifting points C and two translation lifting points D on the end surface of one side of the die at one fourth of the width dimension and one half of the height dimension of the die; and (3) randomly doing a point E along the lifting direction, taking the edge angle of the right side of the mould as a fulcrum for contacting the ground when the mould is turned clockwise, forming a right-angled triangle delta by using the point E to pass through a vertical connecting line horizontal plane of a projection point B of the centre of gravity of the mould, randomly doing a point F in the same side direction of the turning lifting point E, wherein the height H1 of the delta right angle meets the requirement that the bottom edge is more than or equal to 100mm and less than or equal to delta H2 and less than or equal to 300mm of the inclined edge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of forging and pressing, and relates to a method for simply, quickly and safely overturning a large-scale die weighing dozens or hundreds of tons.
Background
The die is various dies and tools for obtaining required products by injection molding, blow molding, extrusion, die casting or forging forming, smelting, stamping and other methods in industrial production. During production, the molds are required to be transferred, turned and the like, but because the weight of a large mold reaches dozens of tons or hundreds of tons, proper turning equipment is not available for operation at present, and turning operation is required to be carried out by means of a travelling crane. The traditional turning method is that a lifting lug is welded in the middle of an upper mold truss of a mold, then a steel wire rope is inserted into the lifting lug and hung on a lifting hook of a traveling crane, and the traveling crane rotates around the center of an auxiliary turning hinge by utilizing the power of the traveling crane to turn over. Although the design scheme can realize the overturning of some moulds, the design scheme has the hidden dangers of insecurity, large vibration and the like. Because it is during the rollover process, near the 9O degree balance point, the center of gravity position overbalance point is pulled completely through the sudden point motion of the vehicle. After the upper die passes through the balance point, larger impact force and inertia exist, the damage to the travelling crane is particularly large, and the service life of the travelling crane is shortened. In the process of overturning, the stress state of the travelling crane is complex, and the design scheme requires that the actual operation experience of the travelling crane operators is very rich, and simultaneously requires that the bearing capacity and the safety coefficient of the travelling crane are very large. Otherwise, serious safety accidents can be caused. The forging and pressing die has the characteristics of large size and long length, the existing turning mode is difficult to simply turn over the die through a travelling crane, generally, the die needs to be lifted through the travelling crane firstly, the die block is lifted through the travelling crane after being erected along the width direction, and meanwhile, a cushion block is added at the bottom of the die block, so that the die block is inclined or the turning operation of the die block is realized by means of the inertial motion generated by impacting other objects. The turnover mode completely depends on manual operation, and the turnover mode often needs skill and a plurality of attempts to succeed, so that the following problems can be caused:
1. the operation efficiency is low. The operation of a large forging die is complex, the success rate of one-time turnover is low, and the large forging die can be successfully completed by multiple attempts;
2. the operation has potential safety hazard. When the worker lifts the forging and pressing die, the cushion block is added at the bottom of the die or the turnover is realized by large-scale striking of other objects, angular acceleration is generated in the turnover process, instability easily occurs, when the center of gravity passes over the rotation center, the influence of gravity and inertia force is large, and danger can occur if no supporting force is applied. The traditional overturning mode can have great potential safety hazards and potential safety hazards such as operation danger of workers or damage to traveling vehicles.
The manual operation overturning process is difficult to control, and the overturning is often not in place, so that the die assembly needs to be repeated for many times. The turnover is realized by controlling the traveling crane through a manual operating handle, the manual control difficulty is high, and an operator needs to have high technical skill and rich experience.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to facilitate the operation and ensure the safety and reliability of the turnover mould, the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the turnover method for safely turning over the large mould, which is simple to operate and rapid in the turnover process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems in the prior art is as follows: a method for rapidly and safely overturning a large mold has the following technical characteristics:
according to the length dimension L, the width dimension W and the height dimension H of the mold, a mathematical model of a rectangular body surrounding the mold is constructed by means of commercial CAE software, the gravity center position of the mold is found out or the gravity center point A of the mold is determined by a theoretical calculation method, the calculated gravity center point A of the mold is vertically projected to the end surface T on one side in the length direction of the mold along the length direction of the mold, and a projection point B is obtained; according to the geometric shape characteristics and the position of a gravity center projection point of the mold, two translation transfer hoisting points C and two translation transfer hoisting points D on the end surface T on one side of the mold are respectively calculated at the position of one fourth of the width dimension and one half of the height dimension of the mold; according to the operation target of turning over the mold from horizontal to vertical and then from vertical to horizontal by 180 degrees, turning over the mold clockwise, and doing a point E along the lifting direction, wherein the edge angle of the right side of the mold is taken as a fulcrum of the mold contacting the ground during clockwise turning over, a clockwise turning-over reuse point E passes through a vertical connecting line ground plane of a center of gravity projection point B of the mold to form a right-angled triangle delta with the bottom edge of the mold, and the right-angle height delta H1 of the right-angled triangle delta meets the requirement that the distance of the bottom edge is more than or equal to 100mm and less than or equal to delta H1 and less than or equal to the length of the bevel edge is 300mm; according to the operation target of the mould which turns 180 degrees anticlockwise, a point F is arbitrarily made in the same side direction of the clockwise turning reuse point E, the edge angle of the left side of the mould is used as a fulcrum of the mould contacting the ground during anticlockwise turning, the anticlockwise turning reuse point F is connected with the mould gravity center projection point B to form a right-angled triangle delta perpendicular to the ground plane and the bottom edge of the mould, and the right-angled height delta H2 of the right-angled triangle delta meets the condition that the distance of the bottom edge is more than or equal to 100mm and less than or equal to delta H2 and less than or equal to 300mm of the length of the bevel edge.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
The control is simple. According to the length dimension L, the width dimension W and the height dimension H of the mold, a mathematical model of a rectangular body of the mold is constructed by means of commercial CAE software, the gravity center position of the mold is found out or the gravity center point A of the mold is determined by a theoretical calculation method, the calculated gravity center point A of the mold is vertically projected to the end surface T on one side in the length direction of the mold along the length direction of the mold, and a projection point B is obtained; the calculation method only expresses T lifting point of one side end surface of the die, only the position of the T lifting point of the other side end surface of the die can be obtained by projecting the position of the T lifting point to the surface along the length direction, the lifting position point and the turnover position point of the large die are determined, the lifting position point only needs to be changed in the transferring and overturning process, and the simple, quick and stable overturning of the large die can be realized by means of the gravity action of the die. The operation is simple and easy, and the change of the gravity center position when ingeniously utilizing the module to overturn only needs to transform the hoisting position point in the overturning process through the gravity action of the mould, so that the overturning purpose of the large-scale mould can be realized. By adopting the technical scheme, the operation steps can be simplified, the method has the characteristics of simple operation and strong controllability, the operation efficiency is improved, the safety of operators is ensured, and the method can be conveniently suitable for the overturning process of various large-sized molds. Simulation results show that the turnover model has good movement performance, and can achieve the 90-degree turnover operation target of converting the horizontal mode into the vertical mode or converting the vertical mode into the horizontal mode. Meanwhile, the phenomenon that the workpiece is damaged due to the fact that the workpiece is turned over by an original manual method and unexpected dangers possibly occur can be avoided; the personal safety of operators is endangered; damaging the hoisting equipment. The equipment is mainly characterized in that the product structure is mature, and no maintenance accident occurs. Meanwhile, the labor intensity of operators is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved.
The overturning is safe and stable. According to the 90-degree turnover operation target of converting the horizontal type of the die into the vertical type or converting the vertical type into the horizontal type, the die is turned over clockwise or anticlockwise, a point E is arbitrarily made along the lifting direction, the edge angle of the right side of the die is used as a supporting point during clockwise turning, a perpendicular connecting line horizontal plane of a center of gravity projection point B of the die is crossed by a turning point E along or anticlockwise turning over, and the bottom edge of the die forms a right-angled triangle delta, the right-angle side of the delta of the right-angled triangle meets the requirements that the distance delta H3 is more than or equal to 100mm and is less than or equal to 300mm, and the distance delta H4 is more than or equal to 100mm and is less than or equal to 300mm. The operation is simple and easy, and the change of the gravity center position when ingeniously utilizing the module to overturn only needs to transform the hoisting position point in the overturning process through the gravity action of the mould, so that the overturning purpose of the large-scale mould can be realized. By adopting the technical scheme, the operation steps can be simplified, the method has the characteristics of simple operation and strong controllability, the operation efficiency is improved, the safety of operators is ensured, and the method can be conveniently suitable for the overturning process of various large-sized molds. The operation of converting the horizontal type into the vertical type or converting the vertical type into the horizontal type is safely, stably and effectively realized. The safety of the overturning process is greatly improved. The turnover mechanism can adopt a hydraulic system as a power source to realize the turnover of the die. The mechanism is relatively simple, easy to manufacture and operate, and small in change compared with the original structure. The hydraulic turnover mechanism is used for replacing a travelling crane, has the characteristics of compact and flexible structure, safe and stable turnover, relatively easy control and the like, can ensure that the turnover process is stable, ensure the on-site safety, can stably realize the automation of the turnover process of a large-scale, overlong and heavy-load mold, and greatly improves the production efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a mathematical description diagram of a large mold for rapid and safe turning according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the center of gravity of the mold projected to a point B on one side end surface T;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the calculation of the translational transfer lifting point on one side end surface T of the mold;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of calculating the clockwise rollover lifting point on one side end surface T of the mold;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of calculating a counterclockwise turn-up lifting point on one side end face T of the mold;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of calculating the position of any of the turn-up lifting point areas on one side end surface T of the mold;
in the figure: the point A is the center of gravity of the mould, the point B is the projection point of the center of gravity of the mould on the end surface in the length direction, the points C and D are mould translation transfer points, the point E is a clockwise turning lifting point of the mould, and the point F is an anticlockwise turning lifting point of the mould.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4 in the embodiments of the present invention. For the sake of convenience of description,
Detailed Description
See fig. 1. Determining the gravity center position of the mold, constructing a mathematical model of a rectangular body surrounding the mold by commercial CAE software according to the length dimension L, the width dimension W and the height dimension H of the mold, deducing a position equation, a speed equation and an acceleration equation of safe turnover of the mold according to kinematics and kinetic analysis, obtaining the relationship between the position, the speed and the acceleration of output motion and input motion, and establishing the mathematical model. Then UG three-dimensional modeling and mechanical system dynamics automatic analysis ADAMS simulation analysis are carried out on the turnover system by utilizing three-dimensional modeling software, UG is utilized to carry out three-dimensional modeling on a die steel frame and the hydraulic turnover mechanism, and optimization design is carried out; the method comprises the steps of performing kinematic simulation and dynamic analysis by using ADAMS, performing finite element analysis on strength and stress of dangerous positions in the turning process, finding out the gravity center position of the die by a method combining drawing and calculation or determining the gravity center point A of the die by a theoretical calculation method, wherein commercial computer aided CAE software can determine the gravity center of the die by using general CTIIA, SOLIDWORKS, UG and the like or by theoretical calculation and using A. The three-dimensional feature modeling of the turnover mechanism is realized in UG, a parameterized part entity is generated by utilizing UG/entity modeling, a variable amplitude turnover mechanism moving component is preassembled to be subjected to interference inspection, a CAD model is completed, an ext file format is then exported, an ext file is imported into ADAMS, the CAD model is transmitted to ADAMS, the definition of motion constraint and motion excitation is completed in ADAMS, and motion/dynamics analysis simulation is carried out; (3) And (4) transmitting the CAD model of each part of the turnover mechanism into ANSYS software for finite element analysis. And pre-assembling the moving parts of the turnover mechanism in UG, and performing interference check to complete the CAD model. The shapes and the assembly relations of the zero and the components are intuitively and accurately reflected, so that the modification and the editing in the design are more reliable and faster.
See fig. 2. And vertically projecting the calculated mold gravity center point A to an end surface T on one side in the length direction of the mold along the length direction of the mold to obtain a projection point B, and calculating the mold length size L, the mold width size W and the mold height size H of the gravity center point of any mold.
See fig. 3. According to the geometric shape characteristics and the position of the center of gravity projection point of the mold, at the quarter of the width dimension and the half of the height dimension of the mold, a translation transfer hoisting point C and a translation transfer hoisting point D are respectively calculated to the end surface T at one side of the mold, and two translation transfer hoisting points C and two translation transfer hoisting points D on the end surface T at one side of the mold are respectively calculated.
See fig. 4. According to the knowledge of physics, for the object of the mould, when the hoisting point and the gravity center are coincident, the object can keep balanced stress; when the lifting point and the gravity center are not coincident, the object can rotate, and is always parallel to the direction of the ground attraction force towards the connecting line of the lifting point and the gravity center of the object, and the supporting point is arranged above the connecting line, and finally, the state of equilibrium is reached, and the position of the lifting point for turning the mold clockwise or counterclockwise can be calculated according to the characteristic.
According to the 90-degree turnover operation target of converting the horizontal type of the die into the vertical type or converting the vertical type into the horizontal type, turning over the die clockwise according to the die, arbitrarily making a point E along the lifting direction, taking the edge angle of the right side of the die as a supporting point during clockwise turning over, enabling the clockwise turning over lifting point E to pass through the vertical connecting line horizontal plane of the center of gravity projection point B of the die and the bottom edge of the die to form a right-angled triangle delta, and enabling the right-angle height delta H1 of the right-angled triangle delta to meet the requirement that the distance between the bottom edge is more than or equal to 100mm and less than or equal to delta H1 and less than or equal to 300mm of the length of the bevel edge.
See fig. 5. According to the process of turning over the mold in the counterclockwise direction, a point F is randomly made in the same side direction of the clockwise turning-over reuse point E along the lifting direction, the edge angle of the left side of the mold is used as a supporting point during the counterclockwise turning over, the counterclockwise turning-over reuse point F is connected with the mold gravity center projection point B to form a right triangle delta with the bottom edge of the mold, and the right angle height delta H2 of the right triangle delta meets the requirement that the bottom edge distance is more than or equal to 100mm and less than or equal to delta H2 and less than or equal to the bevel edge length of 300mm. In order to ensure the stability and safety during overturning, the requirement that the distance is more than or equal to 100mm and less than or equal to delta H2 and less than or equal to 300mm is preferentially recommended. The two inversions are just opposite in the process of the clockwise and anticlockwise inversions, so that the mechanism has symmetry in structure and function.
See fig. 6. According to the calculation mode, the area position where any overturning hoisting point is located can be calculated on the end face T on one side of the die, and in order to ensure stability and safety during overturning, the preferred recommendation is that the distance between delta H3 and delta H4 is more than or equal to 100mm and less than or equal to 300mm, and more than or equal to 100mm and less than or equal to 300mm.
What has been described above is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these variations and modifications should be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for rapidly and safely overturning a large mold has the following technical characteristics: according to the length dimension L, the width dimension W and the height dimension H of the mold, a mathematical model of a rectangular body surrounding the mold is constructed by means of commercial CAE software, the gravity center position of the mold is found out or the gravity center point A of the mold is determined by a theoretical calculation method, the calculated gravity center point A of the mold is vertically projected to the end surface T on one side in the length direction of the mold along the length direction of the mold, and a projection point B is obtained; according to the geometric shape characteristics and the position of a gravity center projection point of the mold, two translation transfer lifting points C and two translation transfer lifting points D on the end surface T on one side of the mold are respectively calculated at the position of one quarter of the width dimension and one half of the height dimension of the mold; according to the operation target of turning over the mold from horizontal to vertical and then from vertical to horizontal by 180 degrees, turning over the mold clockwise, and doing a point E along the lifting direction, wherein the edge angle of the right side of the mold is taken as a fulcrum of the mold contacting the ground during clockwise turning over, a clockwise turning-over reuse point E passes through a vertical connecting line ground plane of a center of gravity projection point B of the mold to form a right-angled triangle delta with the bottom edge of the mold, and the right-angle height delta H1 of the right-angled triangle delta meets the requirement that the distance of the bottom edge is more than or equal to 100mm and less than or equal to delta H1 and less than or equal to the length of the bevel edge is 300mm; according to the operation target of the mold turning 180 degrees anticlockwise, a point F is randomly made in the same side direction of the clockwise turning reuse point E, the edge angle of the left side of the mold is used as a fulcrum of the mold contacting the ground during anticlockwise turning, the anticlockwise turning reuse point F is connected with the mold gravity center projection point B to form a right triangle delta with the bottom edge of the mold, and the right angle height delta H2 of the right triangle delta meets the requirement that the bottom edge distance is more than or equal to 100mm and less than or equal to delta H2 and less than or equal to 300mm of the length of the bevel edge.
2. A method for rapidly and safely turning a large-sized mold according to claim 1, wherein: and vertically projecting the calculated mold gravity center point A to an end surface T on one side in the length direction of the mold along the length direction of the mold to obtain a projection point B, and calculating the mold length size L, the mold width size W and the mold height size H of the gravity center point of any mold.
3. A method for rapidly and safely turning a large-scale mold according to claim 1, wherein: and respectively calculating two translation transfer hoisting points C and two translation transfer hoisting points D on the end surface T on one side of the mold at the quarter of the width dimension and the half of the height dimension of the mold.
4. A method for rapidly and safely turning a large-sized mold according to claim 1, wherein: according to physics, when a lifting point and a gravity center of a mold coincide, the mold can keep stress balance, when the lifting point and the gravity center do not coincide, the mold can rotate, a connecting line between the lifting point and the gravity center of an object is always parallel to the gravity direction of the earth, a supporting point is arranged above the connecting line, and finally, a balance state is achieved, and the position of the lifting point for clockwise or anticlockwise overturning of the mold is calculated according to the characteristic.
5. A method for rapidly and safely turning a large-sized mold according to claim 1, wherein: according to the 90-degree turnover operation target of converting the horizontal type of the die into the vertical type or converting the vertical type into the horizontal type, turning over the die clockwise according to the die, arbitrarily making a point E along the lifting direction, taking the edge angle of the right side of the die as a supporting point during clockwise turning over, enabling the clockwise turning over lifting point E to pass through the vertical connecting line horizontal plane of the center of gravity projection point B of the die and the bottom edge of the die to form a right-angled triangle delta, and enabling the right-angle height delta H1 of the right-angled triangle delta to meet the requirement that the distance between the bottom edge is more than or equal to 100mm and less than or equal to delta H1 and less than or equal to 300mm of the length of the bevel edge.
6. A method for rapidly and safely turning a large-sized mold according to claim 1, wherein: according to the process of turning the mold anticlockwise, a point F is randomly made in the same side direction of a clockwise turning reuse point E along the lifting direction, the edge angle of the left side of the mold is used as a supporting point during anticlockwise turning, the anticlockwise turning reuse point F is connected with a mold gravity center projection point B to form a right-angled triangle delta perpendicular to the ground plane and the bottom side of the mold, and the right-angled height delta H1 and delta H2 of the right-angled triangle delta meet the requirements that the distance is more than or equal to 100mm and less than or equal to delta H1, and the distance is less than or equal to 300mm.
7. A method for rapidly and safely turning a large-sized mold according to claim 1, wherein: in order to ensure the stability and safety during overturning, the right angle height delta H1 and delta H2 of the delta of the right-angled triangle meet the requirement that the distance is more than or equal to 100mm and less than or equal to delta H1 and the distance is less than or equal to 300mm.
8. A method for rapidly and safely turning a large-sized mold according to claim 1, wherein: the two inversions are just opposite in the process of clockwise and anticlockwise inversions, and have symmetry in structure and function.
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| CN111967106B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2024-01-09 | 深圳市康冠科技股份有限公司 | Method for determining length dimension of irregular object base |
| CN113369391B (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-08-05 | 深圳市金三维模具有限公司 | V-shaped groove with mold turned on site |
| CN117315723B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-20 | 深圳市捷超行模具有限公司 | Digital management method and system for mold workshop based on artificial intelligence |
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| ES255855U (en) * | 1980-04-30 | 1981-10-01 | Farhi Moshe | Compound mold for the manufacture of nerved concrete floors (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
| JPS5973135A (en) * | 1982-10-20 | 1984-04-25 | Hitachi Ltd | Carriage type die inverter |
| CN102359847A (en) * | 2011-09-01 | 2012-02-22 | 中联重科股份有限公司 | Method and device for measuring height of center of gravity of object |
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